高考題型專練———閱讀填AAlistenerhaswrittenfromChinaforadviceabouthowtoloseweight.MichaelinShanghaisaysheis26andhasbattledobesityformostofhislife.Obesity,asevereweightproblem,isacomplexcondition.Adoctormayadvisetakingmedicinealongwithchangingone’sbehaviors.Expertssaythatthemostsuccessfulweight—lossplansincludeawell-balanceddietandexercise.Peoplewhowanttoavoidweightgainhavetobalancethenumberofcaloriestheyeatwiththenumberofcaloriestheyuse.Toloseweight,youcanreducethenumberofcaloriesyoutakein,increasethenumberyouuse,orboth.ArecentstudylookedatfourofthemostpopulardietingplansintheUS.ResearchersatStanfordUniversityinCaliforniastudiedover300overweightwomen,mostlyintheirthirtiesandforties.Eachwomanwentononeofthefourplans:Atkins,TheZone,OrnishorLEARN.Thewomenattendeddietclassesandreceivedwritteninformationaboutthefoodplans. oftheyear,thewomenontheAtkinsdiethadlostthemost,morethanfourandone-halfkilogramsonaverage.TheyalsodidbetterontestsforcholesterollevelsandbloodChristopherGardner,wholedthestudy,saystheAtkinsdietmaybemoresuccessfulbecauseofitssimplemessagetoeatlesssugar.Healsosaysthattheadvicetoincreaseproteininthedietleadstomoresatisfyingmeals.Hesaysthattherewasnotenoughmoneytostudymen,butthatmenwouldprobablyhavesimilarresults.Lastweek,anotherreportbasedonthirty-onestudiessuggestedthatonlyasmallminorityofpeoplehavelong-termsuccesswithdieting.Mostdietersregainedtheirlostweightwithinfiveyearsandoftenthey emoreoverweight.Butthosewhokepttheweightoffgenerallyweretheoneswhoexercised.Title: tolose:takemedicinealongwith awell-balanceddiet:4. needed,increasethenumberyouuse,orboth.FourofthemostpopulardietingplansintheUSAtkins:teininthedietTheFromhavelong-termsuccesswithdieting,otherwisemostdieterswill9. theirlostweightexerciseismoreimportantthandietingforKey:1.Properways2.changingone’s 3.weight- 4.takein5.6. 7. 8.another 9. 10.losingBWefindthatbrightchildrenarerarelyheldbackbymixed-abilityteaching.Onthecontrary,boththeirknowledgeandexperienceareenriched.Wefeelthattherearemanydisadvantagesinstreaming(把…按能力分班)pupils.Itdoesnottakeintoaccountthefactthatchildrendevelopatdifferentrates.Itcanhaveabadeffectonboththebrightandthenot-so-brightchild.Afterall,itcanbequitediscouragingtobeatthebottomofthetopgrade!Besides,itisratherunrealtogradepeoplejustaccordingtotheirinlectualability.Thisisonlyoneaspectfortheirtotal Weareconcernedtodeveloptheabilitiesofallourpupilstothefull,notjusttheiracademicability.Wealsovalue alqualitiesandsocialskills,andwefindthatmixed-abilityteachingcontributestoalltheseaspectsoflearning.Inourclassrooms,weworkinvariousways.Thepupilsoftenworkingroups:thisgivesthemtheopportunitytolearntocooperate,toshare,andtodevelopleadershipskills.Theyalsolearnhowtocopewithalproblemsaswellaslearninghowtothink,tomakedecisions,toyzeandevaluate,andtocommunicateeffectively.ThepupilslearnfromeachotheraswellasfromtheSometimesthepupilsworkinpairs;sometimestheyworkonindividualtasksandassignments,andtheycandothisattheirownspeed.Theyalsohavesomeformalclassteachingwhenthisisappropriate.Weencourageourpupilstousethelibrary,andweteachthemtheskillstheyneedinordertodothisefficiently.Anadvancedpupilcandoadvancedwork:itdoesnotmatterwhatagethechildis.Weexpectourpupilstodotheirbest,nottheirleast,andwegivethemeveryencouragementtoattainthisgoal.Developtheabilitiesofpupils:●developtheirfullabilities,nottheirvalueal not4. thefactthatchildrendevelopatdifferentrateshaveabadeffectonboththebrightandthenot-so-brightchild thepupilswhoareatthebottomofthetopgraderatherunrealtogradepeoplejustaccordingtotheirin lectualabilityonlyoneaspectforpupils’total givethemtheopportunitytolearntocooperate,toshare,andtodeveloplearnhowtocopewithlearnhowtothink,tomakedecisions,toyzeandevaluate,andtocommunicate Thepupilslearnfromeachother10.fromtheteacher.TheycandothisattheirownKeys:1.academic 2.social 3.mixed-ability4.takeinto 5.6.contribute 7.leadership 8.alproblems9.effectively10.aswellCTherearetwobasicwaystoseegrowth:oneasaproduct,theotherasaprocess.Peoplehavegenerallyviewed algrowthasanexternal(外在的)resultoraproductthatcaneasilybeidentifiedandmeasured．Theworkerwhogetsarise,thestudentwhosegradesimprove,theforeignerwholearnsanewlanguage—alltheseexamplesofpeoplewhohavemeasurableresultstoshowfortheirefforts．Bycontrast(對照),theprocessof algrowthismuchmoredifficulttodetermine,sinceitisajourneyandnotthespecificsignpostsorlandmarksalongtheway．Theprocessisnottheroaditself,buttheattitudes,feelingspeoplehave,andtheircautionorcourage,astheymeetwithnewexperiencesandunexpecteddifficulties．Inthisprocess,thejourneyneverreallyends；therearealwaysnewwaystoexperiencetheworld,newideastotry,newchallengestoaccept．Inordertogrow,totravelnewroads,peopleneedtohaveawillingnesstotakerisks,tofacetheunknown,andtoacceptthepossibilitythattheymay“fail”at．Howweseeourselvesaswetryanewwayofbeingisnecessaryforourabilitytogrow．Doweseeourselvesasquickandcurious?Ifso,wetendtotakemorechancesandbemoreopentounfamiliarexperiences．Dowethinkwe’reshyandindecisive?Thenoursenseoffearcancauseustohesitate,tomoveslowly,andwethinkweareslowtoadapt(適應)changeorthatwe’renotsmartenoughtodealwithanewchallenge．Thenwearelikelytotakeamorepassiveroleornottryatall．Thesefeelingsofinsecurity(不安全)andself-doubtarebothunavoidableandnecessaryifwearetochangeandgrow．Ifrotectourselvestoomuch,thenwestopgrowing．We trappedinsideasofourownmaking．Title —ProductoreasilyidentifiedandTheworkers4ThestudentsimproveTheforeignerslearnsnew toneverreallytheattitudes,feelingspeopleexperiencethetrynewacceptawillingnesstofacetheacceptthepossibilitythattheymaytendtotakemorechancesandbemoreopentoKeys:1. 2. 3. oredifficult4getarise5.their6.cautionorcourag7.innew 8.newchallenges9.take10.unfamiliarDWithoutmostpeoplerealizingit,therehasbeenarevolutioninofficeworkoverthelasttenyears.Beforethattime,largecomputerswereonlyusedbylarge,richcompaniesthatcouldaffordtheinvestment.Withtheadvancementoftechnology,smallcomputershavecomeontothemarket,whicharecapableofngtheworkthatusedtobedonebymuchlargerandexpensivecomputers,sonowmostsmallercompaniescanusethemThemaindevelopmentinsmallcomputershasbeeninthefieldofwordprocessors處理器orWPSastheyareoftencalled.40%ofBritishofficesarenowestimatedtohaveawordprocessorandthispercentageisgrowingfast.Therearemanyadvantagesinusingawordprocessorforbothsecretaryandmanager.Thesecretaryisfreedfromalotofdailywork,suchasre-tylettersandstoringprs.Heorshecanusethistimetodoothermoreinterestingworkfortheboss.Fromamanager’spointofview,secretarialtimeisbeingmadebetteruseofandmoneycanbesavedbyngdailyjobsautomaticallyoutsideofficehours.Butisitallgood?Ifalotofdailysecretarialworkcanbedoneautomatically,surelythiswillmeanthatfewersecretarieswillbeneeded.Anotherworryistheincreasingmedicalproblemsrelatedtoworkwithvisu