名詞性從句第1頁從句形容詞性定語從句限定性非限定性副詞性狀語從句九種名詞性主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句第2頁名詞性從句：一個句子充當主語，賓語，表語，同位語名詞性從句主語從句

表語從句

賓語從句

同位語從句

第3頁

連接代詞who,whom,whose,which,what,連接副詞how,why,when,where,wh-ever連接詞that,whether,if引導名詞性從句引導詞（不充當從句任何成份）(只能引導賓語從句)第4頁引導詞

1

2

3that連接詞兩無：無詞義；無語法功效Weconsideritnecessarythatheshouldimprovehispronunciation.連接詞if/whether一有一無：有詞義“是否”；無語法功效Idon’tcareifhedoesn'tcome.Idon'tcarewhetherhecomes.連接代詞which兩有：有詞義，“哪一個”；有語法功效。Icanguesswhichoneyouwouldchoose.第5頁4

5連接代詞who/whom/whose連接代詞，兩有：有詞義,“誰（）”；有語法功效who在從句中作主語whom作賓語whose作定語Ithasn’tbeendecidedyetwhowillpresideatthemeeting.連接代詞what兩有：有詞義（含糊）；有語法功效。Weareworryingaboutwhatweshoulddonext.第6頁

連接副詞where/when/why/how兩有：有詞義“在哪兒/在什么時候/為何/怎么樣”；在從句中作狀語。Thisiswhereourproblemlives.Tomorrowiswhenitwouldbemostconvenient.Italldependsonhowwesolvetheproblem.wh-+ever“不論……”意思Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.We’llmakehimwhateverheisfitfor.I’llgiveyouhowevermuchmoneyyouneed.67第7頁

________weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided.

Idon’tknow_____broketheglassyesterday.Whenwho我們何時舉行運動會還沒有決定。我不知道昨天誰打破了玻璃。第8頁Ihavenoidea______helookslike.

Thisis______Ileftmyglasses.whatwhere我不知道他長什么樣子。

這就是我忘記眼鏡地方。第9頁1.Whenwewillstartisnotclear.2.Iwonderwhether/ifheisfitforthejob.3.Theproblemiswhowillbeequaltothetask.4.Ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend.主語賓語表語同位語Findouttheclause,andtellwhatkindofclauseitis:第10頁找出以下句子中錯誤，并總結出規律：

1.

Canyoutellmehowmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?

2.Idon'tknowwherehashegone.

3.

Theowneroftheshopcametoseewhatthematterwas.

Canyoutellmehowmanystudentsthereareinyourclass?Idon'tknowwherehehasgone.Theowneroftheshopcametoseewhatwasthematter.規律一：名詞性從句中須使用陳說語序！第11頁找出以下句子中錯誤，并總結出規律：4.Wesuggestedthatwewouldgotothecinema.5.Hisrecommendationthatwewentthereonfootisacceptable.

.Hisrecommendationthatwe(should)gothereonfootisacceptable.規律二：注意虛擬語氣使用！Wesuggestedthatwe(should)gotothecinema.第12頁賓語從句中虛擬一個堅持：insist兩個命令：ordercommand三個提議：suggestadviserecommend（propose）四個要求：require，request，demand,desire在同位語從句中，碰到以上動詞名詞形式時也要用虛擬suggestionadvicerecommendationproposalshould+do,should可省略第13頁HegavemeasuggestionthatI(should)becalmnow.第14頁找出以下句子中錯誤，并總結出規律：7.Ifwewillhaveameetinghasn'tbeendecidedyet.8.Itdependsoniftheweatherissuitableforustodoit.9.HeaskedmeifIcouldgowithhimornot.

Whetherwewillhaveameetinghasn’tbeendecidedyet.Itdependsonwhethertheweatheris…...HeaskedmewhetherIcouldgowithhimornot.規律三：4種情況只能用whether，不能用if

：（1）除賓語從句之外名詞性從句（2）前面有介詞；（3）與ornot連用。（4）在動詞不定式之前10.Idon’tknowiftodoit.

whether第15頁Fillintheblanksusing‘whether/if’

1.Iaskedher_____________shehadabike.

2._________wewillholdapartyintheopenair

tomorrowdependsontheweather.

3.We’reworriedabout___________heissafe.

4.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.

5.Idon’tknow____________ornotheiswell.

6.Thequestionis__________heshoulddoit.

7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion

___________theoldmanwillrecoversoon.

8.Idon’tknow____________togo.9.Ididn’tknow___________tolaughortocry.10._____youarenotfreetomorrow,I’llgowithoutyou.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherIf假如，只用if第16頁找出以下句子中錯誤，并總結出規律：11.Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.12.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting.itIt規律四：主語從句和賓語從句在適當情況下能夠借助“it”

而后置。第17頁1用it作形式主語，主語從句放在句末。

(1)Itbe＋名詞＋從句

Itisafactthat…

ItisanhonorthatItiscommonknowledgethat事實是……非常榮幸…是常識(2)Itbe＋形容詞＋從句Itisnaturalthat…Itisstrangethat…很自然…奇怪是…另外還有,nowonder,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise等Itisnosurprisethatourteamhaswonthegame.Itisapitythatwecan’tgo.另外還有，certain,obvious,true,good,wonderful,funny,possible,probable,important,necessary等。Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinthefinalexam.ItisprobablethatJackhastoldhereverything,第18頁(4)Itbe＋過去分詞＋從句Itisreportedthat…Ithasbeenprovedthat…Itissaidthat…據報道…已證實…聽說…(3)It＋不及物動詞＋從句Itseemsthat…Ithappenedthat…Itappearsthat…似乎…恰巧…似乎…Itseemsthathereallylovesher.Ithappenedthathereallylovedher.Ithasbeenprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.Itissaidthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.第19頁2

it能夠作為形式賓語

it不但能夠作為形式主語，還能夠作為形式賓語而真正賓語that從句則放在句尾，尤其是在帶復合賓語句子中。比如：

Wehearditthatshewouldgetmarriednextmonth.第20頁找出以下句子中錯誤，并總結出規律：13Isawheistalkingwithhermother.14.Theteachertoldhisclassthatlighttraveledfasterthansound.

wastravels規律5:賓語從句中1.當主句謂語動詞是現在時或普通未來時從句謂語可依據句意需要而選取任一個時態。2.當主句謂語動詞是過去時，賓語從句謂語動詞要用對應過去時態。3當賓語從句敘述內容為客觀真理時，仍用普通現在時。普通現在時，現在進行時，現在完成時普通過去式，過去進行時，過去完成時第21頁15.He

believes_____________________________.

hisdreamwillcometruesomeday找出以下句子中錯誤，并總結出規律：16.Nomatterwhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.Whoever規律6whatever,

whoever,

whichever…除用于引導名詞性從句外，還可用于引導讓步狀語從句。當引導讓步狀語從句時，能夠用

no

matter

what,

no

matter

who,

no

matter

which…替換。第22頁引導詞that省略情況that可省略情況：單個賓語從句中that可省略that不可省略情況：

a.主語從句

b.表語從句

c.同位語從句ItissaidthatMr.LihasarrivedinBeijing.Wethinkithighlyprobablethatheisdead.MyquestionhowIshallgetintouchwithhimhasnotbeenanswered.第23頁d.用it做形式賓語賓語從句Wehearditthatshewouldgetmarriednextmonth.e.并列賓語從句中后幾個從句引導詞that不能省略ItoldhimIlovedhimandIhatedhim.ItoldhimIlovedhimandthatIhatedhim.√×第24頁名詞性從句和定語從句區分第25頁

1Idon’tknowwhenhewillleave.2Idon’tknowthetimewhenhewillleave.3ThatiswhomIwanttosee.4ThatisthegirlwhomIwanttosee.定定名名第26頁3.同位語從句與定語從句區分(1)定語從句中that既代替先行詞，同時以在從句中作某個成份（主語或賓語），而同位語從句中that是連詞，只起連接主句與從句作用，不充當句中任何成份。(2)定語從句是形容詞性，其功效是修飾先行詞，對先行詞加以限定，描述定性質或特征；同位語從句是名詞性，其功效是對名詞進行補充說明。比如：ThenewsthathetoldmeisthatTomwouldgoabroadnextyear.2)ThenewsthatTomwouldgoabroadistoldbyhim第27頁

(3)同位語從句對中心詞內容作深入解釋和說明，表明中心詞詳細內容。引導同位語從句that在同位語從句中不做任何成份,只起連接作用,無詳細含義,且不可省略。1)Theking’sdecisionthattheprisonerwouldbesetfreesurprisedallthepeople.2)TheorderthatallthesoldiersshouldstayisgivenbytheGeneral.第28頁1.Weexpressedthehopethatthey

hadexpressed.2.WeexpressedthehopethatwewouldcometoChinaagain.AttributiveorAppositive

ATAP第29頁1.Itisimportantthat______oureducationinallavailableways.A.wemustdevelopB.weshalldevelopC.wewoulddevelopD.weshoulddevelop2.Itisnecessarythat______bytheendoftheweek.A.wegoteverythingreadyB.wehavegoteverythingreadyC.WegeteverythingreadyD.wemustgeteverythingready3.Itwasnaturalthat_______