混凝土表面處理及涂裝工藝混凝土表面處理及涂裝工藝混凝土表面處理及涂裝工藝V:1.0精細整理，僅供參考混凝土表面處理及涂裝工藝日期：20xx年X月 Purpose 目的ThisprocedurecoverstheapplicationofallconcretecoatingsystemsappliedbyCELEB.本施工工藝規程規范所有北京九州華清防腐混凝土涂裝系統的施工。 Scope 范圍Thisprocedurewillbefollowedinallapplications.本規程應貫徹于所有施工過程中。 Responsibilities 責任 TheProjectManager 項目經理- Operationandmanagementofgrindingandpaintingworks.Planwork schedules.Maintainedstrictconformancetoclientsrequired specifications. 負責研磨和涂裝作業的管理及運作工作。準備工作進度表。嚴格 遵照客戶要求的涂裝系統及規范施工。- LiaisewithEngineers,Production,.Personnelandother contractorsonworkschedules,jobperformanceandimplementation onqualitycontrolrequirements.Exercisedqualitycontrolsurveillance onconformancetorequiredspecifications. 協調施工各方，確保按質量按進度施工作業，控制質量以符合業 主的涂裝系統規范。 TheSupervisor 監理 - Toensurethatalltestsareundertakenand,inthecaseofwitnessteststhe clientrepresentativeispresent. 保證執行各項檢測工作，檢測時應有客戶代表在場。 TheForman- 領班- Toensurethatallworkconformstospecificationsandisdoneinaworkman likemanner. 保證按標準施工，施工人員工作態度端正。 References 標準Wherereferredtointhisspecification,thelatesteditionofthefollowingspecifications,standardsandotherdocumentsapply.本規程參照以下標準及規范制定：ASTMD4227-99 “StandardPracticefortheQualificationofCoatingApplicatorsforApplicationofCoatingstoConcreteSurfaces”ASTMD4258-83 “StandardPracticeforSurfaceCleaningConcreteforCoating” ASTMD4259-88 “StandardPracticeforAbradingConcrete”ASTMD4261 “StandardPracticeforSurfaceCleaningConcreteUnitMasonryforCoating” Documentation 文件DailyWorkReport/每日工作報告DailyReport/質量日報表 Procedure 規程 InspectionoftheConcreteSubstrate 混凝土基層檢測Itistodeterminetheconcrete’sgeneralcondition,soundness,presenceofcontaminants,presenceofmoisturevaporemissionsandthebestmethodstouseinpreparationofthesurfacetomeettherequirementsoftheclientorthemanufacturer’srecommendation.對混凝土通過現場堪察及基層檢測，掌握混凝土的總體情況、表面堅實度、污染情況及潮氣含量，從而決定表面處理最佳方式，以達到客戶和材料生產商的要求。 Pre-cleanallsurfacesbybroomingandifnecessaryaccomplishedbyscrubbingwithheavydutycleaner/degreaserorlowpressurewatercleaning(lessthan5,000psi)orchemicalwashingtoremoveoils,grease,wax,fattyacidsandothercontaminations. 先用掃帚清潔地表，必要時使用深度清潔劑去除地表污漬，或用低壓水 沖洗（不超過5,000psi），也可以使用化學溶液去除油污，油脂，表 臘，脂肪酸或其它污染。 RemovalofSurfaceLaitanceandCreationofSurfaceProfile 去除水泥翻沫，提供粗糙度Removalofsurfacelaitanceand/orcuringcompoundandcreationofsurfaceprofilecanbeaccomplishedbyanumberofmethodseachutilizingaselectionoftools,equipmentandmaterialstoaccomplishtheintendedpurpose,(Seetablebelow).Selectionisdependentuponthetypeofsurfacetobepreparedandthetypeofsystemtobeinstalled.Inaddition,floors,walls,ceilings,trenches,tanksandsumpseachhavetheirownparticularrequirements.Thetypeandthicknessoftheselectedcoatingsystemalsoplaysanimportantroleintheselectionprocess.Regardlessofthemethodselectedortoolsemployed,wemustprovideasurfacethatwillaccepttheapplicationofpolymer-basedproductsandallowthemechanicalbondofthepolymersecurelytotheconcrete.去除水泥翻沫及養護劑、脫模劑需使用手動工具或設備來完成。根據待涂裝地坪的表面以及不同的涂裝系統，選擇不同的作業工具和作業方法(見下表)。此外，地坪、墻壁、天花板、地溝、水槽和水罐對工具使用會有不同的要求。而且工具選擇與所選用的涂裝厚度和類型也有關系。無論選擇哪種類型的工具，我們必需提供一個適合聚合樹脂材料涂裝的表面，且保證涂裝材料與地坪有良好的機械附著力。Thefollowingtableprovidesaguideforthedegreeofsurfaceprofilerequiredforthecoatingoroverlaytobeappliedandthepreparationmethodsusedtogenerateeachprofiletothespecifiedstandard.以下表格為各類涂裝系統所需達到的粗糙度進行分類并對相應的表面處理方法提供了指南。ClassificationofCoatingSystem涂裝系統的分類DFT厚度(micron)MethodsofSurfacePreparation地坪表面處理方法Sealers封閉劑0-100DetergentScrub/清潔劑清洗LowPressureWaterCleaning低壓水洗Grinding/研磨ThinFilm封閉薄涂100-400Grinding/研磨AbrasiveBlasting/噴砂SteelShotBlasting/鋼丸噴砂High-Build厚涂400-1000AbrasiveBlasting/研磨SteelShotBlasting/鋼丸噴砂自流平Self-Levelling1,000-3,000AbrasiveBlasting/研磨SteelShotBlasting/鋼丸噴砂Scarifying/Milling/銑刨NeedleScaling/針槍HighPressureWaterJetting高壓水洗聚合砂漿PolymerOverlay3,000-6,000AbrasiveBlasting/研磨SteelShotBlasting/鋼丸噴砂Scarifying/Milling/銑刨NeedleScaling/針槍HighPressureWaterJetting高壓水洗Scabbling/粗琢 Surfacestoreceivethebondedcoatingsystemmustbeinspectedafterthesurfaceis preparedtoinsurethatthesubstrateissound,clean,texturedandstructurallydurable. Areasfoundtobeunsoundornon-durablemustberemovedandreplacedasstatedin section.Dustorotherdeleterioussubstancesnotremovedaftertheinitialsurface preparationmustbevacuumed,leavingthesurfacedustfreeandclean. 表面處理完成后，檢查地坪以保證地坪表面良好、清潔、有合適的紋理 且表層結構牢固。如發現有不良不堅實表面，應立即進行處理，具體見 第章。經初次表面處理未能移去的灰塵或表面碎屑，應真空吸塵， 使地表干凈無塵。 RemovalandReplacementofNon-durableConcrete 修復混凝土缺陷LocalizedweakordeterioratedconcretemustberemovedtosoundconcreteandreplacedwithPCcementitiousorpolymerconcreterepairmortars,oranengineeredconcretemixdesignutilizingpolyacrylatepolymeradditive.Forapplicationofthesesystemsandcompatibilitywiththeselectedpolymersealer,coating,liningortoppingrefertotheTechnicalDataSheets.Occasionally,plainfreshconcreteisrequiredandmustbebondedtoexistingconcrete.Whenbondingfreshconcretetoexisting,preparetheexistingconcretesurfacebyscabbling,scarifying,abrasive(sand)blasting,needlescaling,highpressurewaterjetting(5,000to45,000psi),orsteelshotblasting.除去薄弱或損壞的混凝土表層，然后使用聚合混凝土或聚合砂漿進行修補。也可使用聚合改良混凝土進行修補。關于選擇和施工兼容的密封劑、地坪涂裝材料、貼面材料及聚合面層材料，參照技術說明書。有時，需要在已有混凝土層上澆筑混凝土，應該對原有混凝土層表面進行表面處理。使用粗琢、銑刨、噴砂、針槍、高壓水泵(5,000psi至45,000psi)或鋼丸噴砂來確保新舊混凝土層之間的附著力。Standard/標準: ACI“StandardSpecificationforRepairing ConcretewithEpoxyMortar” RepairofSurfaceIrregularities 修補砼表面不平整處Allsurfaceirregularitiesincludingbugholes,spalls,cracks,deterioratedjoints,slopes,areasneartransitionzones,suchasarounddrainsanddoorways,etc.mustbefilledandresurfacedwithaspecifiedquick-settingcementitiousgroutorsolvent-freeepoxymortar,inaccordancewiththemanufacturersrecommendations,priortocoating.對于砼表面不平整，包括蜂窩、散裂、裂縫、伸縮縫損壞、傾斜、過渡區域如地溝或門廊周圍等，用專用快干水泥砂漿或無溶劑的環氧砂漿填充。填充作業根據材料供應商的建議在涂裝以前完成。 Isolation/BridgingofCracksorJoints 分隔/跨接裂縫或伸縮縫Foradditionalcrackbridgingcapabilitiesaproperisolation/bridgingsystemwithfiberglassscrimclothand/orelasticsealantshallbeappliedbeforecoatingoftheentiresurfaces.必要時，在對整個表面進行涂裝前，使用纖維布或彈性密封膠來組成一個裂縫跨接系統。 Painting/Coating 涂裝General/概述Allsurfacestobecoatedshallbeclean,soundanddrybeforeapplicationofthefirstcoat.涂裝前，砼表面應清潔、干燥、堅實。 Thewater/vaporcontentoftheconcretesubstrateshallnotexceed4%orspecified inthemanufacturer’srecommendation. 根據材料供應商的建議，混凝土基層水份含量不應該超過4%。 Nocoatingshallbeappliedwhensubstratetemperatureislessthan3Cabovedewpoint,ortherelativehumidityishigherthan85%,soastoavoidtheriskofcondensationduringpainting.基層溫度不高于露點溫度3C以上或相對濕度高于85%時，不得進行涂裝施工，以防涂裝過中有水汽凝結在基層表面。 Nocoatingshallbeappliedwhentheatmosphereandsubstratetemperatureexceed thelimitationspecifiedbythepaintmanufacturers.當空氣溫度或基層表面溫度超過材料生產商規定的界限時，不得進行涂裝施工。Nocoatingshallbeappliedtosealtheconstructionorworkingjoints,oronthetopofjointsealant.不得在結構縫、工作縫以及伸縮縫膠的表面上涂裝。Aminimumcovingisnecessary,ifcoatinghastobeappliedatthecorners,soastoavoidtheriskofcrackingbystress.對棱角部位需實施拱圓或凹圓線，防止由壓力造成的裂縫。Storage,mixingtoanevenconsistency,thinningandapplicationofpaintsandcoatingmaterialsandthetypeofapplicationequipmentshallmeettheinstructionsandrecommendationsofthepaintsupplier.Mixing,byhighspeedshakersorrotarymixerswithflatbladeandspeedcontrol,shallbedoneinawellventilatedanddustfreearea.涂裝材料的存放、攪拌、稀釋和施工等所使用的工具應按照材料供應商的建議。在使用手動攪拌器，高速攪拌設備或可控速螺旋槳攪拌器進行攪拌時，應該在通風無塵的區域進行。Paintsupplierinstructionsandrecommendationsregardinginductionperiod,potlife,drying/curingintervalsbetweensuccessivecoatsandfinalcuringperiodsbefore beingputintoservice,shallbefollowed.Successivecoatsshallbeofadifferent shadetoensurefullcover.所有材料供應商有關材料熟化時間，施工壽命，重涂時間，完全固化時間的說明都應嚴格遵守。后續涂層應當采用不同的顏色，以確保完全履蓋。 Suchinstructionsandrecommendationsshallbementionedonpaintsuppliers datasheetsandbeappropriateforprevailingenvironmentalconditions.在材料供應商的材料說明書中，以上指導和推薦時間應該都有提到，且應用于通常所講的環境條件下。 Paintsshallnotbeusedbeyondthedateofexpiry,asindicatedonthe container,oralternativelyasstatedbythesupplierforgivenbatches.Allpaint shallbeusedinordertoitssuccessivemanufactureand/ordelivery.過期材料不再使用，材料的使用期限可以從包裝上或批號合格證上得到。同類材料使用先后順序應根據生產或到貨的先后順序進行。Precautionsshallbetakentopreventthecoatingfrombeingappliedtoequipmentorareatobeprotected.MaskingTape,plasticfilmorsomeothersuitablyimperviousmaterialshallbeused,andallmaterialsshallberemovedafterpaintinghasbeencompletedandaccepted.涂裝過程中要防止材料污染設備或錯涂到需要保護的非施工區域。使用保護膠帶，塑料薄膜或其它可以用作保護措施的材料。施工完成后，應移去這些保護材料。SprayApplication 噴涂施工Applicationbysprayingisinspecialcasessuitableforcompatiblecoatingsystemonnewconstructionandformaintenancepaintingoflargeareas.在一些特定情況下，使用相匹配的材料對新的結構進行大面積作業。另外，它還適合使用于大面積修補施工。Sprayingequipment,guns,nozzlesizesandpressurerangesshallmeetthepaintsuppliersrecommendations.噴涂設備，噴漆槍，噴嘴尺寸和噴涂壓力應與材料供應商的推薦相一致。Eachcoatshallbeapplieduniformlyandcompletelyovertheentiresurfacefreefromrunsandsags.每道涂裝應連貫作業完成，做到涂層均勻無流掛。Beforesprayingeachcoat,allawkwardareassuchasfoundations,edges,corners,shallbeappliedwithstripecoatsbybrushorrollertoensurethattheseareasreceiveminimumspecifiedfilmthickness.每層涂裝前，所有難以施工到的部位如底座、邊緣、角落，應使用刷子或滾筒預涂，以保證這些部位的涂層厚度達到規定的最小值。 BrushApplication 刷涂Brushapplicationshallbedoneonareas,whichcannotbeproperlysprayedorrollerappliedandforstripecoats.Itisalsoasufficientmethodtoworkthepaintintothesurfacewherethereisdifficultytoachievesufficientadhesionbynormalpenetrationofthepaintitself.Infact,brushapplicationshallbethepreferredprocessforprimer.刷涂適合使用于預涂和無法進行噴涂或滾涂的區域。另外，在無法利用涂料自身滲透性而達到良好附著力的時候，刷涂可以將涂料擠放待施工表面，是一種有效的施工方法。事實上，許多底涂都適合采用刷涂。Brushesshallbeofatypeandsizewhichpermitsproperapplicationofpaint.Roundorovalbrushesaremostsuitableforirregularsurfaces.Wideflatbrushesshallbeusedforlargeflatareas.Thebrushingshallbedonesuchthatauniformcoat,withnodeepordetrimentalbrushmarks,isobtained.Paintshallbeworkedintoallcornersandcrevices.Runsandsagsshallbeavoided.油漆刷型號和尺寸大小應該保證施工正常進行。圓形或橢圓的刷子最適合使用于不規則施工表面。寬的扁刷子適合使用于面積較大的平面區域施工。刷涂效果應連貫一致，涂裝表面不應留下明顯的刷痕，無流掛。RollerApplication 滾涂Asaconventionalcoatingmethodrollerapplicationshallbeadoptedforfreeflowingmaterialswithlittleornofillers.Specialrollersshallbeusedforcertaintextureeffects.作為一種傳統的涂裝方式，滾涂適合用于不加或加入少量骨料的流淌性涂裝材料的施工。如果要產生紋理狀表面效果，則需使用特殊的壓花滾筒。Properoverlappingandcrosswiseapplicationwillminimizetherollermarksandun-uniformdistributionofthepaint.讓部分涂層適當的重疊并以交叉方式實施滾涂，將會使滾筒印痕最小化并使涂裝表面更均勻連貫。Theform,sizeandmaterialoftherollertobeusedshallbecompatiblewiththecoatingmaterials.滾筒型號，大小，質地應與涂裝材料性能相適合。TrowelApplication 鏝涂Trowelapplicationshallbethepreferredprocessforcoatingsystemwithcementitiousandthixotropicmaterialsandresincoatingwithfillercontent(typicallyself-levelingcoating)onhorizontalandverticalsurfaces.Itcanachievethebestpossibleadhesionattheinterfacebetweenthecoatingsandtheunderlyingconcrete.Thisiswhatguaranteesthelifeandsuccessofacoatingsystem.鏝涂適用于水平或豎直面上水泥性或觸變性材料，以及搭了骨料的樹脂材料的施工，尤其是自流平材料。它能最大限度地確保涂層間以及涂層與砼基面之間的附著力，從而保證涂裝系統的使用壽命，以及涂裝更好的施工。Regardlessofwhichkindofcoatingsystemtobeinstalled,thetrowelapplicationshallensureanevendistributionofthecoatingmaterialsandaconsistentoverallfinish.無論采取何種涂裝系統，鏝涂都要求做到涂裝材料分布均勻，涂層表面平整連貫。Theform,sizeandmaterialofthetroweltobeusedshallbecompatiblewiththecoatingmaterials.鏝刀的形狀，大小及材質應根據涂裝材料性能來選擇。 Crack/JointSealing 裂縫或伸縮縫打膠Control/expansionjoints,constructionjoints,andmovingcracksshouldbesealedwiththeselectedsystemflexiblesealant.控制縫/伸縮縫，結構縫和活動裂縫應采用匹配的彈性膠進行密封。Isolationand/orexpansionjointsshouldbedetailedinaccordancewiththeplansandspecificationsofanarchitecturalorengineeringdesignprofessionalforthetypeofstructurebeingconsidered.分隔縫或伸縮縫設計應由建筑或工程設計方面專業人員根據其結構類型進行規劃。Trafficjoints,orjointsbetweenconcretesubstrateandothersubstratesshallbeappliedwithcompatibleprimerforsealanttoensuresufficientadhesion.承受交通負載的伸縮縫或混凝土基層與其它材質基層之間的連接縫，應使用相匹配的底涂，以確保密封膠的附著力。 RepairofDefects 修補Coatingsystems,whetherappliedtonewconstructionortoexistinginstallations,arelikelytorequirerepairandmaintenanceinareasofdamage,delineation-bonding,insufficientfilmthicknessandotherdefects.任何涂裝系統，無論是在新結構上的涂裝還是在原有涂層上的重涂，都常常需要針對涂層受損、剝落、厚度不達標以及其它問題進行修補或養護。Thetypeofcoatingmaterialsusedforrepairandmaintenanceshallbeidenticalto,orinanycasecompatiblewiththeoriginalmaterials.任何情況下，修補用的涂裝材料應與原涂層材料相匹配。Thebestpossiblesurfacepreparationtechnique(s)shallbeselectedforrepairandmaintenance,dependingonthesizeofareastobecoated,thetypeofrepaircoatingmaterialstobeusedandtherestrictions/safetyaspectsinvolved.最佳的表面處理方法應當根據待修補區域的大小、修補材料的性能以及現場的安全規章來選擇。 Thefollowingorderofpreferenceshallbeadopted: 可按以下順序來篩選： Steelshotblastorwetblastcleaningtoremoveexistingcoatings Grindingontheexistingcoatingstoachieveadhesionkey Highpressurewaterjetcleaningorvacuumcleaning Sandpapering(onlyinexceptionalcasesandonlyforminorrepairwork). 鋼丸噴砂或濕噴砂，去除舊涂裝 對現有涂層進行打磨，以確保良好的附著力 高壓水清洗或真空吸塵 砂紙打磨(適用于特殊情況或小面積修補) Surfacepreparationofdefectiveordamagedareasshallbeextendedoverthe surroundingsoundcoatingforaminimumof25mmonallsides,andtheedgesshallbetapered.缺陷或受損部位的表面處理，應擴大并超出周邊涂層各邊緣至少25mm，邊界應當有良好的楔形過渡。 Surfacestobecoatedwhichbecomecontaminatedwithoil,grease,salts,etc. shallbecleanedwithsolventsorwithdetergent/freshsolutions,followedbyarinsewithcleanfreshwater.如果待涂裝地表面受油污，油脂，鹽份等污染，應用溶濟或洗滌劑進行清洗，最后再以清水沖洗干凈。 Repaircoatingsshallbeappliedsuchthatthefinalcoatoverlapsthesurrounding soundcoatingforaminimum25mmonallsides.Forcolorcodingand/or cosmeticreasonsitmaybenecessarytoextendthetopcoatoveralargersurrounding area.涂裝修補區域及其周圍25mm左右，面涂應與其周邊區域銜接良好。出于顏色或美觀考慮，可將面涂擴大至一個相對較大的范圍。 Testing/Inspection 測試/檢驗 CompressiveStrengthTest 抗壓強度Compressivestrengthtestshallbeconductedatleast28daysafterconcretepored. 抗壓強應測試應在混凝土澆筑至少28天以后進行UsingtheReboundTestHammerorequivalentinstrument 使用回彈測試儀或類似設備 Beforeanysyntheticcoatingisapplied,thecompressivestrengthofthe concretesubstrateshallbeatleast25N/mm2. 工業地坪涂裝要求混凝土基層的抗壓強度值至少應達到25N/mm2 SurfaceTensileStrengthTest 表面抗拉強度 Surfacetensilestrengthtestshallbeconductedatleast28daysafterconcretepored. 表面抗拉強度測試應在混凝土澆筑至少28天以后進行 UsingthePull-OffTesterorequivalentinstrument 使用拉力測試儀器或類似設備Beforeanysyntheticcoatingisapplied,thetensilestrengthoftheconcretesubstrateshallbeatleastmm2. 工業地坪涂裝要求混凝土表面抗拉強度值至少達到mm2 DewTest 露點 Dewtestsshallbeconductedevery4hours(moreoftenifrequired). 露點測試每4小時進行一次(需要時可增加測試次數) TheresultsofeachtestarerecordedintheSiteLog.將測試結果記錄在工地日志中 Thesitelogshallrecordthefollowing: 工地日志記錄如下信息: Time/測試時間DryBulbTemp/干球溫度WetBulbTemp/濕球溫度RelativeHumidity/相對濕度DewPoint/露點溫度SubstrateTemperature/基層溫度 Beforeanysyntheticcoatingisapplied,thesubstratetemperatureshallbeatleast3oCabovedewpoint. 在材料混合好準備施工前，施工地面溫度至少高于露點溫度3oC以上 Test 濕膜厚度Applythecoatingmaterialtosurfaceandtestwiththegageimmediately. 涂裝材料涂布好后，立即使用濕膜卡進行測試Thegageshallbeappliedonanareathatallowsbothendtabstobeincontactwithsubstrate. 將濕膜卡放置于兩端都可以接觸地面的地方Setonetabfirmlyonthesubstrateandlowerthegageuntiltheothertabrestsfirmlyonthesubstrateatthesametime. 將濕膜卡一端緊靠地表，直到另一端也同樣緊密接觸地表。Removethegagefromthefilmandexaminethetabs.Thefilmthicknessisdeterminedasbeingbetweentheclearanceoftheshortestwettedandtheclearanceofthenextshortertabnotwettedbythefilm. 拔出濕膜卡檢查兩端讀數。膜厚將界于最短一格被浸濕的與其相 鄰未浸濕的齒上的所標讀數之間。Cleanthegageimmediatelyafterreadingbywipingitonasolventdampenedclothsothatsubsequentreadingsarenotaffected.Donotcleanwithametalscraper. 讀數后，立即拿浸有溶劑的濕布抹凈濕膜卡,以防影響下次繼續使 用。不可以用金屬工具刮除濕膜儀上殘留材料。Repeattheprocedureforatleastthreelocationsorasmanytimesastoobtainagoodestimateofthefilmthickness. 為得出正確的濕膜厚度，至少在三處以上不同地點重復以上測試 AdhesionTest 附著力測試Clean,degreaseandroughenthesurfacetobetested 清潔待測試涂層表面并略做打磨 StickdownDollywithregulararaldite. 用環氧樹脂粘合劑將拉快粘上。 Leaveforcuring. 待粘合劑干固。 CutaroundDollytoisolatecoatingunderneath. 使用工具將拉快下的涂層與周邊切割分離。 Applypulloffforce. 用測試儀對拉塊均勻地施工拉力直到斷裂。 Check 檢查 atwhatfailureoccurredwhetherfailurewasadhesiveorcohesive拉力讀數是粘合劑分離還是漆膜分離 檢測儀器 CompressiveStrengthTest(Section 抗壓測試章) SurfaceTensileStrengthTest(Section 地表抗拉測試章) Pull-OffTester/拉力測試儀 CoringBorer/空心鉆 DewTest(Section 露點測試章)Psychrometer/干濕計Concretetemperaturegauge/混凝土溫度測試儀 WFTTest(Section 濕膜厚度測試章) Wetfilmthicknessgages/濕膜卡 AdhesionTest(Section 附著力測試章) Adhesiontesterorsharpknifeandadhesivetapemin25mmwide. 抗拉測試儀或美工刀和粘膠帶，寬度最小25mm TechnicalRestrictions 技術要點 Itisgenerallyacceptedthatconcreteshouldbeallowedtocureaminimumof28days beforeanysurfacepreparationiscarriedouttoit.Thiscuredurationisbasedonthe timeitnormallytakesforconcretetoachievesufficientphysicalstrengthtoallow varioustradestoperformtheirworkwithoutdamagingtheconcrete. 通常在混凝土層養護至少28天以后方可進行表面處理，此時混凝土基層 已達到足夠的物理強度而不會受損。 Surfacepreparationshallnotbedonebeforetheconcretesurfacepre-cleanedtobe freeofoilandgreaseorotherpenetratingcontaminations,whichcannotberemoved fromconcretebyabradingconcretesurfaceincludingbutnotlimitedtogrinding, blasting,scarifyingandscabbling. 表面處理工作應在混凝土表面油污、油脂及其它滲透污染去除以后進 行。研磨、噴砂、銑刨等方法都是不能將這些污物去除的。 Abradingconcretesurfaceshallnotbedonewhereadjacentareasorequipmentare insufficientlyprotectedfromcontaminationbydustordebris. 表面打磨前，應充分保護相鄰區域或相關設備免于打磨過程中灰塵或雜 質損害。 Abradingconcretesurfaceshallnotbedoneinareasclosetopaintingoperationsto preventcontaminationofwetpaintfilmsbydustandgrit.Itisessentialthatthe laitancelayerberemovedduringthesurfacepreparation,becausepaintsorcoating appliedoverlaitanceinvariablyfail.Formreleaseagentsthatremainonconcrete mustberemovedduringthesurfacepreparationbecausemostwillpreventproper bondingofcoatings. 混凝土研磨施工不可以在靠近正在涂裝區域進行，以防灰塵或混凝土顆 粒污染未固化的涂層。地表處理時，必需去除松散的水泥翻沫，否則在 此基礎上進行涂裝施工，必然會導致涂裝失敗。表面處理時，殘留在砼 表面的脫模劑也必須清除，這有助于涂層更好的附著。 Alltrowelmarksorformmarks,sharpedges,existingcoatingadjacenttoprepared areasshallbefeatheredbacktoafirmedgeandabradedforminimum25mmaround preparedareastoensurethatanadequatekeyisobtained. 所有靠近涂裝區域如鏝刀、鋒利工具引起的涂裝印痕等應予磨去。為保 證達到良好的地坪效果，研磨區域至少應擴展到涂裝四周25mm范圍之 外。 Anyabradingpreparedareasnotyetcoated,shallbeprotectedfromoil,greaseor otherpenetratingcontaminations. 應保護研磨好的待涂裝區域，免于油污，油脂及其它有滲透性物質的污 染。 Beforeanycoatingisapplied,relativehumidityshallnotbeexceed85%,theairand substratetemperatureshallbeatleast3oCabovedewpointandnotexceededofthe applicationlimitspecifiedbythepaintmanufacturer. 任何涂裝施工之前，環境相對濕度不可以超過80%，氣溫及地面溫度至 少高于露點溫度3oC。以上施工環境不可以超出材料供應商規定的范 圍。 Overcoatperiodshallbestrictlyfollowed.Coatingswithoutbroadcastingby aggregateshallbepreparedmechanicallybeforebeingover-coated,ifthemaximum overcoatperiodisover. 重涂時間應嚴格執行。如已經超過實行重涂的容許時間，撒砂的涂層表 面需進行機械打磨處理。 術語表

AbrasionResistance耐磨性Theabilityofacoatingtoresistdegradationduetomechanicalwear.涂層抵御機械磨損的能力。

AcrylicLatex丙烯酸乳膠Anaqueousdispersionofacrylicresins.一種水融性丙烯酸樹脂。

AcrylicResin丙烯酸樹脂Aclearresinattainedbypolymerizingvariousacrylicmonomerseitheraloneorincombination.一種透明樹脂，從單一或不同種類的丙烯酸單體聚合而成。

Aggregate骨料

Ablendofvarioussizedgranularmaterialsusedtobulkuporextendresinousindustrialfloortoppingsorlinings..,abrasives,quartz,granite,peagravel,walnutshell,graphite,etc.AggregatemayalsorefertocoloredsandandstoneusedindecorativefloorsotherthanTerrazzo.SeeChips.

各種規格大小的顆粒狀材料混合物，用于填充或增稠工業地坪樹脂涂層。骨料的種類有磨料，石英砂，花崗巖，砂粒，貝殼，石墨等。骨料也包括用于裝飾性地坪的彩砂和石頭。

AirlessSpray無氣噴涂

Asprayingsysteminwhichpaintisatomizedusinghighhydraulicpressureratherthancompressedair.

一種使用高壓液壓代替壓縮空氣產生漆霧的噴涂系統。

Alcohol酒精溶劑

Agroupofsolventsofrelativelyhighevaporationratebutwithfairlylowsolventstrength.Methanol,ethanolandisopropylarecommonalcohols.

一種揮發性較強的溶劑，但溶解力較低。甲醇，乙醇和異丙基屬常見的酒精溶劑。

Asphalt瀝青Ablackresinousmaterialofpetroleumorigin.WhileGeneralPolymerscansupplyproductsthatwillbondtoAsphalt,itsinherentlowtensilestrengthmakesitdifficulttoprovideapermanenttopping.一種源于石油的黑色樹脂狀材料。一般的聚合物能提供跟瀝青結合的成份，但它的內部結合力較小，使得它難以提供穩定的面涂結構。

ASTM

AmericanSocietyforTestingandMaterials.Mostoftenincorrectly(butfittingly)referredtoasAmericanStandardTestMethod.

美國材料與測試協會。通常被誤稱為美國檢測標準。

ASTMD4258Standardpracticeforsurfacecleaningconcreteforcoating.ASTMD4258標準作業規范，待涂裝混凝土表面清潔

Thispracticeincludessurfacecleaningofconcretetoremovegrease,dirt,andloosematerialpriortotheapplicationofcoatings.Proceduresincludebroomcleaning,vacuumcleaning,airblastcleaning,watercleaning,detergentwatercleaning,andsteamcleaning.

本規范包括混凝土涂裝前表面清潔，清除油脂，灰塵和表層松散物質。它包括以下程序如掃帚清潔，真空吸塵，鼓風吹凈，水洗，清潔劑水清洗以及蒸汽清潔。

ASTMD4259Standardpracticeforabradingconcrete.ASTMD4259標準作業規范，混凝土研磨

Thispracticeincludessurfacepreparationofconcretetopreparethesurfacepriortotheapplicationofcoatings.Thispracticeisintendedtoalterthesurfaceprofileoftheconcrete.

本規范包括混凝土涂裝前的表面處理工作。表面處理的目的在于改變混凝土表面輪廓狀況。

ASTMD4260Standardpracticeforacidetchingconcrete.ASTMD4260標準作業規范，酸蝕混凝土

Thispracticeincludessurfacepreparationofconcretetopreparethesurfacepriortotheapplicationofcoatings.Thispracticeisintendedtoalterthesurfaceprofileoftheconcrete.

本規范包括涂裝前混凝土表面處理。表面處理的目的在于改變混凝土表面輪廓狀況。

ASTMD4261Standardpracticeforsurfacecleaningconcreteunitmasonryforcoating.ASTMD4261標準作業規范，混凝土表面清潔

Thispracticecoverssurfacecleaningofconcreteunitmasonrytoremovedust,dirt,mortarspatter,oil,andgreasepriortotheapplicationofcoatings.Proceduresincludevacuumcleaning,air-blastcleaning,watercleaning,detergentwaterwash,steamcleaningandmechanicalcleaning.ThispracticeisNOTintendedtoalterthesurfaceprofileoftheconcretemasonryunitsbuttocleanthesurface.

本規范包括混凝土表面清潔，在涂裝前，清除垃圾，灰塵，灰漿，油污，油脂。實施方法有真空吸塵，鼓風吹凈，水洗，洗滌劑水清潔和蒸汽清潔。本規范目的不是為了改變混凝土表面粗糙度，僅為了清潔地坪。

ASTMD4263-83Standardtestmethodforindicationofmoistureinconcretebytheplasticsheetmethod.ASTMD4263-83標準測試方式，使用塑料薄膜顯示混凝土中濕氣含量Thistestmethodisusedtoindicatethepresenceofcapillarymoistureinconcrete.本測試方法用于顯示混凝土中的潮氣。Binder基料

Thenonvolatileportionofthevehicleofacoatingwhichholdstogetherthepigmentparticles.

涂裝材料中不會揮發的成份。它可以將顏料顆粒結合在一起。BituminousCoating瀝青涂料

Acoaltarorasphaltbasedcoatingmaterialusuallyusedinthickfilms.

煤焦油或瀝青基的材料，通常使用于厚涂層。Blistering起泡

Theformationofblistersintoppingsorcoatingsbythelocallossofadhesionandliftingofthefilmfromtheunderlyingsubstrate.Onconcretesurfaces,thisisoftencausedbymoisturevaportransmissionproblems.

由于涂層之間或涂層與基層間缺乏附著力而形成的氣泡現象。在混凝土表面，這種現象通常會由水汽上升引起。BondingAgent粘接劑

Materialusedtoincreaseadherenceofcoatingsortoppingstotheexistingsurface.Alsotheagentusedtobondnewconcretetoold.Maybeanacryliclatex,epoxy,polyurethaneorothertypeofadhesive.Seeprimer.用于增強涂層與基層或原有涂層間附著力的材料。它也包括用于將新的混凝土層連接到舊的混凝土層上的底涂。粘接劑可以是丙烯酸乳膠，環氧、聚胺脂或其它種類的材料。見底涂。CementitiousCoatings水泥性涂料

AcoatingcontainingPortlandcementasoneofitscomponents.

含波特蘭水泥組份的涂料。Chalking粉化

Theformationofafriablepowderycoatingonthesurfaceofapaintfilmgenerallycausedbyexposuretoultravioletradiationresultinginalossofgloss.

涂裝表面形成易碎粉末，通常由于涂裝暴露于紫外光下，并導致涂料表面失去光澤。CleanandDry清潔和干燥

TherequirementforCleanandDrydescribestheconditionofthesurfacepriortocoating.Thesurfaceshallbeclean,dry,andfreeofoil,grease,wax,formoils,andanyothercontaminantthatmayeffecttheadhesionofthecoating.Forbestresultsandhighperformancerequirementsremovelatenciesandcontaminantsfromprecastandcast-in-placeconcretebyabrasiveblastingorhighpressurewaterblasting.Drymeansthatthesubstratecontainslessthen4%moisture.Concreteshouldbecuredatleast28daysandmortarjointsatleast15days@75Fand50%RH.

清潔和干燥反映了涂裝前對地表的要求。它要求涂裝表面清潔、干燥。且涂裝表面應免受油污、油脂、地蠟，油痕以及其它可能影響涂裝粘著效果的污染。為收到最佳的效果和達到較高的施工要求，使用噴砂打磨，或高壓水沖洗，去除預制混凝土或現澆混凝土表面的翻沫與雜質。表面干燥則是指表面含濕量不超過4％。在氣溫20oC,相對濕度50％的環境下，混凝土固化至少28天，砂漿接縫固化至少15天。CoalTarEpoxy煤焦油環氧

Acoatinginwhichthebinderorvehicleisacombinationofcoaltarandepoxyresins.

一種涂料，其基料或載色劑是煤焦油和環氧樹脂的結合體。Conductive導電性

Theabilitytoconductanelectricalcurrent.Whenthistermisusedinconjunctionwithresinouscoatingortoppingsitmeansthattheappliedproductwillhaveanelectricalresistanceoflessthan1,000,000ohms(1Megaohm).

是指傳導電流的能力。在涂裝領域，它指施工涂料所具有的電阻率，小于1,000,000歐姆(1兆歐)CSP/ConcreteSurfaceProfile砼表面粗糙度

ICRIhasidentifiedninedistinctprofileconfigurationsthatreplicatedegreesofroughnessconsideredtobesuitablefortheapplicationofsealers,coatings,orpolymertoppings.Therecommendedmethodforachievingeachprofileisasfollows:

CSP1(AcidEtching),CSP2(Grinding),CSP3(LightShotblast),CSP4(LightScarification),CSP5(MediumShotblast),CSP6(MediumScarification),CSP7(HeavyAbrasiveBlast),CSP8(Scabbling),CSP9(HeavySca