1、動詞不定式 動詞不定式形式 動詞不定式（the Infinitive）是一個非謂語動詞, 由“to+ 動詞原形”構成， 其否認式是“not to+ 動詞原形”。動詞不定式即使不能作謂語動詞，但仍保留動詞特性，它能夠有自己賓語或狀語而構成動詞不定式短語。如to study hard， to play basketball。Grammar第1頁第1頁動詞不定式動詞不定式時態和語態 積極形式 被動形式 普通式 to do to be done 完畢式 to have done to have been done 進行式 to be doing 完畢進行式 to have being doing 時態

2、 語態 Grammar第2頁第2頁動詞不定式動詞不定式時態和語態 1. Kate hopes to become a university student this year. 凱特希望今年能成為一名大學生。2. Im sorry to have kept you waiting. 很抱歉讓你久等了。3. They seemed to be discussing something important. 他們似乎正在討論主要事情。4. She wishes to be sent to work in Shanghai. 她希望能被派到上海工作。Examples：Grammar第3頁第3頁動詞不

3、定式動詞不定式句法功效 1作主語 To talk with him is a great pleasure. 注意：動詞不定式短語作主語時，為了保持句子平衡，往往用it作形式主語，而把不定式短語置于謂語動詞之后。如：It is a great pleasure to talk with him.It is a great pleasure to see you again. Grammar第4頁第4頁動詞不定式動詞不定式句法功效 3作賓語（1）有些及物動詞慣用動詞不定式作賓語。這些動詞有：ask, want, try, hope, wish, learn, choose, decide, ex

4、pect, afford等。如：Lucy wants to buy a computer. We cant afford to go on vacation this year. 2作表語His wish is to become a basketball star like Yao Ming. Grammar第5頁第5頁動詞不定式動詞不定式句法功效 3作賓語（2）不定式短語作賓語時，假如還帶有賓語補足語，往往把不定式賓語放在賓語補足語之后，而用it作形式賓語。如：I find it interesting to study yoga.Grammar第6頁第6頁動詞不定式動詞不定式句法功效 4

5、作復合賓語中賓語補足語常跟不定式作賓補動詞有：ask, invite, help, tell, hear，make等。如：I invited her to have coffee. Tell the children not to play on the street. Grammar第7頁第7頁動詞不定式動詞不定式句法功效 4作復合賓語中賓語補足語注：（1）在feel, hear, see, watch, notice等感官動詞或let, make, have等使役動詞后面，復合賓語中動詞不定式通常不帶to。但上述動詞轉換為被動結構時，其后不定式仍須帶to。如：We often hear h

6、im sing in the room. He was seen to enter the theatre. Grammar第8頁第8頁動詞不定式動詞不定式句法功效 5作定語動詞不定式可用作修飾名詞或代詞定語，用作定語不定式需跟在所修飾名詞或代詞之后。如：We need someone to help him with the typing.She is a very nice person to work with.Grammar第9頁第9頁動詞不定式動詞不定式句法功效 6作狀語動詞不定式可用作修飾動詞或形容詞狀語，通常放在其修飾動詞或形容詞之后。如：(1) The young often

7、come here to listen to the old mantell stories. (作目的狀語)(2) Everyone will be surprised to see the changes in Beijing. (作原因狀語)(3)The hall is big enough to hold a lot of people. (作結果狀語)Grammar第10頁第10頁動詞不定式動詞不定式句法功效 7動詞不定式其它使用辦法(1) 疑問詞+動詞不定式疑問詞what，who，which，when，where，how和連詞whether之后，可跟一個帶“to”不定式，構成一個特

8、殊不定式短語，可在句中作主語、賓語、表語。如：How to get there has not been decided yet. （主語）Kate didnt know what to say. （賓語）Grammar第11頁第11頁動詞不定式動詞不定式句法功效 7動詞不定式其它使用辦法（2）“for+名詞或代詞賓格+ 不定式” 和“of+名詞或代詞賓格+ 不定式”使用辦法當前面形容詞表示不定式行為特點時，慣用“for+名詞或代詞賓格+ 不定式”結構引出不定式邏輯主語；而當前面形容詞表示不定式邏輯主語，即行為人品行特點時，則用“of+名詞或代詞賓格+ 不定式”結構引出不定式邏輯主語。如：It

9、s impossible for him to finish the work himself. Its very kind of you to help him every day. Grammar第12頁第12頁Exercise AA. Read and translate. 1. Each bird loves to hear itself sing. 2. Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy,wealthy and wise. 3. Eat to live, but not live to eat. 4. It is h

10、ard to please all. 5. One is never too old to learn. 6. To save time is to lengthen life.Grammar人人都有悅己之心。早睡早起，健康、財富、智慧伴你行。吃飯為了生存，但生存不能只為了吃飯。眾口難調。活到老，學到老。珍惜時間就是延長生命。第13頁第13頁Exercise BB. Think and match . His wish isIts fun She didnt work hard enough Mr. Lin refusedShe is a nice person 6. They asked m

11、e a. to work with.b. not to worry about the accident.c. to become a scientist. d. to pass the exam. e. to talk with his manager. f. to swim in summer.作定語作賓補作狀語作賓語作主語Grammar作表語第14頁第14頁Exercise CC. Think and rewrite. 1. This book tells you how you can win at chess. This book tells you _ at chess.2. Co

12、uld you please tell me where I can buy the dictionary? Could you please tell me _ the dictionary?3. The students are discussing what they will do with the rubbish. The students are discussing _with the rubbish.Many countries have discovered how they can save their rainforests. Many countries have di

13、scovered how to save their rainforests.how to winwhere to buywhat to doGrammarExample A: 第15頁第15頁Exercise CC. Think and rewrite. “Please send the letter for me.” Lily said to Mary. Lily asked Mary to send the letter for her.4. Mrs. Green said to us, “Turn off the lights when leaving the room.” Mrs.

14、Green told us _ off the lights when leaving the room.5. “Dont stay up too late, Tom”. Mother said. Mother told Tom _ up too late.6. “Dont make so much noise!” The police ordered the young man. The police ordered the young man _ so much noise.to turnnot to staynot to makeExample B:Grammar第16頁第16頁Exer

15、cise DD. Read and complete. 1. _ (生活在上海) is my lifetime dream. 2. Father promised _ (給他買輛自行車)on his 18th birthday.3. Could you help me _（尋找鑰匙）? I cant find them.4. After walking for three hours, we stopped _(休息)5. Its so hot today. Id like to have _(喝東西).To live in Shanghaito buy him a new bicycle(t

16、o) look for the keysto have a restsomething to drinkGrammar第17頁第17頁ConsolidationWhat have we learned?1. The rainforest and the problems of it.greatest treasure, valuable, warm, a lot of rain, perfectFor animals and plants, home for half the speciesDisappearing, being cut for wood, cleared for cities androads, burned for farmland2. Ways to protect the rainforest. Ecotourism, set aside land as wild rainforest3. Grammar: the Infinitive 動詞不定式作主語，作賓語，作定語，作狀語，作賓補，作表語疑問詞+不定式，Dont forget the words and expressions!第18頁第18頁HomeworkWhat will we do? Review the