1、激光專業(yè)英語1講解激光專業(yè)英語1講解激光專業(yè)英語1講解教學參考書 1、激光和電光學(英文版) C.C.Davis主編 世界圖書出版公司2、電子科學及技術(shù)專業(yè)英語.光電子技術(shù)分冊 張愛紅主編 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學出版社21、New Words and phrases1、Wavelength 波長2、Power 功率3、Beam Quality 光束質(zhì)量4、Beam Diameter 光斑直徑5、Divergence 發(fā)散角6、Power Stability 功率穩(wěn)定性7、Power supply 電源輸入8、cooling system 冷卻方式9、near TEM00 近基模10、Output po

2、wer 輸出功率11、Repetition frequency 脈沖重復頻率312、Pulse width 脈寬13、Space mode 空間模式14、Diode-pumped 二極管泵浦15、Specification 規(guī)格、說明書4 氣體激光 GAS LASERS1 氦氖激光 He-Ne Lasers2 金屬蒸氣激光 Metal Vapor Lasers3 氬離子激光 Argon Lasers4 氪離子激光 Krypton Lasers5 二氧化碳激光(氣流型) CO2 (Gas Flow type) Lasers6 二氧化碳激光(脈沖,TEA型) CO2 (Pulsed,TEA) La

3、sers7 二氧化碳激光(密封型) CO2 (Sealed tube) Lasers8 二氧化碳激光(波導型) CO2 (Wave guide) Lasers9 一氧化碳激光 CO Lasers10 氦鎘激光 He-Cd Lasers11 氮分子激光 Nitrogen Lasers512 準分子激光 Excimer Lasers13 氙分子激光 Xenon Lasers 14固體激光 SOLID STATE LASERS15 紅寶石激光 Ruby Lasers16半導體激光(0.60m 帶) Semiconductor (0.60m) Lasers17 Nd:YAG 激光(脈沖式) Nd:YA

4、G (Pulsed) Lasers18 Nd:YAG 激光(連續(xù)式) Nd:YAG Laser (CW) Lasers19 Nd:YAG 激光(半導體激光激發(fā)) Nd:YAG (LD Pumped) Lasers20染料激光 Dye Lasers6 激光用元件 LASER COMPONENTS1 Q 開關(guān) Laser Q-Switches2 激光管 Laser Tubes and Bores3 激光棒 Laser Rods4 激光護眼鏡 Safty Equipment; Goggles Glasses and Films5 氣體再生設(shè)備，氣體填充設(shè)備 Gas Recyclers and Gas

5、 Handling Equipment6 激光控制設(shè)備 Laser Control Equipment7 激光用共振腔 Resonators for Lasers8激光用冷卻設(shè)備 Cooling Systems for Lasers9激光用安全設(shè)備 Safty Equipment; Protective Housings7Text 2 Optical Resonator1 The radiation emitted by most lasers contains several discrete optical frequencies,separated from each other by

6、frequency differences which can be associated with different modes of the optical resonator. Each mode is defined by the variation of the electromagnetic field perpendicular and along the axis of the resonator.大多數(shù)激光器發(fā)射的光都包含有幾種分立的光學頻率，它們彼此間的頻率差各不相同，從而使光學諧振腔產(chǎn)生不同的模式.82 It is common practice to distingu

7、ish two types of resonator modes: “Longitudinal” modes differ from one another only in their oscillation frequency; “transverse” modes differ from one another not only in their oscillation frequency, but also in their field distribution in a plane perpendicular to the direction of propagation. .通常將諧

8、振腔產(chǎn)生的模式分為兩類:“縱?！奔啊皺M?！保v模彼此間的差異僅在于它們具有不同的振蕩頻率;橫模彼此間的差異除了具有不同的振蕩頻率外，而且在垂直于其傳播方向的平面內(nèi)，場的分布也不同。93 The symbols TEMmnq and TEMplq are used to describe the transverse and longitudinal mode structure of a wave inside the resonator for rectangular and cylindrical coordinates, respectively. The capital letters

9、 stand for “transverse electromagnetic waves” and the first two indices identify a particular transverse mode, whereas q describes a longitudinal mode. 人們用符號TEM來描述光學諧振腔內(nèi)電磁場的變化.大寫字母TEM表示“橫向電磁波”，前兩個下標表示特定的橫模，q表示縱模，104 Because resonators that are used for typical lasers are long compared to the laser w

10、avelength, they will, in general, have a large number of longitudinal modes. Therefore, the index q which specifies the number of modes along the axis of the cavity will be very high. The indices for the transverse modes, which specify the field variations in the plane normal to the axis, are very m

11、uch lower and typically may be only the first few integers.因為典型激光器所用的諧振腔都比激光波長要長得多，所以一般都有很多縱模.因此，表示腔體軸向模數(shù)量的q的數(shù)值非常大.表示橫模的下標值卻很小，有時可能只取前幾位整數(shù).。115 Although a resonator mode consists of a transverse and axial field distribution, it is useful to consider these two components separately because they are r

12、esponsible for different aspects of laser performance. The spectral characteristics of a laser, such as line width and coherence length, are primarily determined by the longitudinal modes, whereas beam divergence, beam diameter, and energy distribution are governed by the transverse modes. 激光器的光譜特性，

13、如譜線寬度和相干長度等，主要取決于縱模;而光束發(fā)散角、光束直徑和能量分布等則取決于橫模，126 In general, lasers are multimode oscillators unless specific efforts are made to limit the number of oscillating modes. The reason for this lies in the fact that a very large number of longitudinal resonator modes fall within the bandwidth exhibited by

14、 the laser transition, and a large number of transverse resonator modes can occupy the cross section of the active material.一般來說，如果沒有采取特殊的措施來限制振蕩模的數(shù)量，激光器就是多模振蕩器。其原因在于這樣的事實，即非常多的諧振腔縱模都處于激光躍遷的帶寬內(nèi)，而在激活材料的截面內(nèi)，可能有很多橫模.。137 Intensity DistributionIn an optical resonator, electromagnetic fields can exist wh

15、ose distribution of amplitudes and phases reproduce themselves upon repeated reflections between the mirrors.These particular field configurations comprise the transverse electromagnetic modes of a passive resonator.那些在兩個反射鏡之間來回反射，其振幅和相位分布保持不變的電磁場才能夠存在于光學諧振腔中.這些特殊的場分布形成無源諧振腔的橫電磁模.143.Exercise1、Trans

16、verse modes are defined by the designation TEMmn for Cartesian coordinates. The integers m and n represent the number of nodes of zeros of intensity . In ylindricalcoordinates, the modes are labeled TEMpl and are haracterized by the number of radial nodes p and angular nodes l. 在直角坐標系中，用符號TEM表示橫模，整數(shù)m和n表示在水平和垂直方向上及光軸垂直的強度零節(jié)點的數(shù)量.在圓柱坐標系中，用TEMpl表示橫模，p表示徑向節(jié)點數(shù)，l表示角向節(jié)點數(shù).152、The higher the values of m, n, p, and l, the higher the mode order. The lowest order mode is the TEM00 mode, which has a Gaussian inte