1、Grammar過去分詞作狀語 1.Tired after the trip, he soon fell asleep.2.Given more time, I would have worked out the problem.3.Beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.4.The teacher came in, followed by some students.5.Seen from the hill, the city looks like a garden.原因狀語讓步狀語條件狀語伴隨狀語時間狀語1 、表示原因，相當

2、于由as, since, 或because引導的原因狀語從句Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因為淋了一場大雨，所以他全身濕透了。(Because he was caught in a heavy rain) Disappointed with the results of the experiments, she started a new one.（Because she was disappointed with the results of the experiments）Grown in rich soil, these seeds ca

3、n grow fast. (If these seeds are grown in rich soil)如果種在肥沃的土壤里，這些種子能長得很快。2、表示條件,相當于if, unless引導的條件狀語從句Compared with you, we still have a long way to go.(If we are compared with you)3 表示伴隨情況或方式: The trainer appeared, followed by four little dogs. 訓練員出現了，后面跟著四條小狗。 He walked up and down the room, lost

4、in thought. 他在屋子時走來走去，陷入了沉思。 注意：表示方式或伴隨情況，不能用狀語從句替換，但可以改變成并列句。The boys watched the program, fascinated.=The boy watched the program, and was fascinated.She sat at her desk, lost in thought.=She sat at her desk and lost in thought.The hunter left his house, followed byhis dog. = and he was followed b

5、y the dog.)4 表示時間When heated, ice can be changed into water.（When ice is heated,） 如：Seen from the top of the hill, our school looks beautiful. 從山頂上看，我們學?？雌饋砗苊馈eated, liquids can be changed into gases. 液體被加熱會變成氣體。注意: 作時間狀語時, 過去分詞如果同時表被動和動作完成, ?？蓳Q用現在分詞的被動完成式; 過去分詞如果只表被動, 不表完成,則不可與現在分詞的被動完成式換用。如: Disc

6、ussed (Having been discussed) many times, the problems were settled at last. 在討論了多次之后, 問題終于解決了。 (過去分詞既表被動又表完成)Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful. 從山上看這個公園非常漂亮。 (過去分詞只表被動) 相當于when引導的狀語從句.如果兩個動作同時發生, 可在分詞前用when, while等使其時間意義更明確5表示讓步，相當于although/though引導的讓步狀語從句Left at home, John didnt fe

7、el afraid at all.(Although he was left at home,)Even if invited, I will not take part in the party.(Even if I am invited,)過去分詞作狀語過去分詞短語作狀語，可表示_、_ 、_、_等，相當于一個_從句。它與主句主語是被動關系，表示完成或被動的動作。狀語原因時間條件伴隨Summary(小結）:Is the sentence correct?Seeing from the top of the mountain, the small town looks more beautif

8、ul. 從山頂上看去，這個小鎮顯得更漂亮。 在此句中，seeing from the top of the mountain 的邏輯主語成了the small mountain。所以應該改成： Seen from the top of the mountain, the small town looks more beautiful. Seeing from the top of the mountain, you will find the small town more beautiful.注意(1) 過去分詞作狀語，其邏輯主語須與句子的主語保持一致，它們之間存在著被動關系。如：Given

9、 better attention, the trees could grow better. 若管理得好一些，這些樹木會生長得更好些。2、 如果分詞的邏輯主語與所修飾的句子的主語不一致，就要有自己的邏輯主語，這種結構稱為獨立主格結構(the absolute construction)。如： The test finished, we began our holiday. 考試結束了, 我們開始放假。More time given, we should have done it much better. 如果給我們更多的時間，我們會做得更好。If/When heated, water cha

10、nges into steam.Though surrounded, the soldiers were not discouraged.Even if invited, I wont go.He stood there still, as if absorbed in the beautiful sight.it ishe wasI amthey were3、(2) 有時, 為了明確時間、條件、讓步或原因等, 分詞前面可加連詞when, if, unless, once, although或副詞如deeply, completely, greatly等。如：Sugar, when mixed

11、 with water, dissolves quickly. 糖與水混合很快就溶解。Although tired, I must go on working.我雖然累了，但必須繼續干。過去分詞與現在分詞作狀語的區別Following the old man, we went upstairs.=We followed the old man, and we went upstairs.Followed by the old man, we went upstairs.=We were followed by the old man, and we went upstairs.Seen fro

12、m the top, the stadium looks like a birds nest.Seeing from the top, we find the stadium like a birds nest.4 過去分詞與現在分詞作狀語的區別過去分詞表完成，被動，與主句的主語之間是被動關系。現在分詞表進行，主動，與主語的主語之間是主動關系。_for a long time, the book looks old._the book, I find it useful.（use）He came into the classroom,_ by some students.He came int

13、o the classroom,_ some students. (follow)Used Usingfollowedfollowing5 有些過去分詞（短語）源于系表結構，作狀語時不表動作而表狀態。常見的有: lost (迷路); seated (坐); absorbed in (全神貫注于); dressed in (穿著); tired of (厭煩)等。如：Absorbed in deep thought, he didnt hear the sound. 因為沉浸在思考之中,所以他沒聽到那個聲音。練習坊Complete the sentences with the correct f

14、orm of the verbs in the box.know give invite lose visit1) When _ in spring, the hills are covered with flowers.2) _ as one of the loveliest places in China, Yunnan is now visited by many tourists.visitedKnownPractice3) _ in the streets, we decided to ask for help.4) _ into a Naxi home, you should ac

15、cept with pleasure.5) If _ something you dont want to eat, just refuse politely.givenInvitedLost用所給詞的適當形式填空，并與A-C的漢語翻譯相匹配。1. Once _, a word becomes a promise.2. Once _, water cannot be taken back again.3. _ by the beautiful scenery, I forgot to go back home in time.impress; pour; speakA.覆水難收B.流連忘返C.

16、一言既出, 駟馬難追spokenpouredImpressedC B A II. 用所給詞的適當形式填空。1. _ (see) from the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful to us.2. _ (give) time, hell make a first class tennis player.3. _ (look) out of the window, I found many children playing on the playground.SeenGivenLooking 4._ (give) more time, Ill f

17、inish my work on time.6. The English teacher entered the room, _ (follow) by his students.Givenfollowed1. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose配套練習動詞-ing或過去分詞作狀語, 其邏輯主語應是主句主語。2. If _ the same treatment again, hes sure to get well. A. gi

18、ving B. give C. given D. being given 3. _ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding 析: 正確答案為 C 項。哈佛大學是1636 年被建的, 所以該空應填過去分詞 Founded 作狀語。 4. _ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesnt seem

19、big at all. A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared5. _ time, hell make a first-class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given6. _ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed7. Unless _ to sp

20、eak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited8. When _, the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed 析：正確答案為 A 項。博物館是被完工的, 所以該空應填過去分詞completed 作狀語。9. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B