1、Part FourLanguage StudyENTER Word Study Phrases and Expressions Word Building Grammar Language StudyContentsWord StudyWord list:apathycreedendorsementhealimmature11. stretch summon thriving tyranny unyielding perilreclaimaffection render setback Word Study1. apathyn. lack of interest, enthusiasm, or

2、 concernExamples:He has an apathy to food.He was sunk in apathy after his failure.Such attitudes can only lead to apathy. antonymsympathyempathyWord Study2. creed n. a system of Christian or other religious belief; a faithExamples:Liberalism was more than a political creed.people of many creeds and

3、culturesa religious creedWord Study3. endorsementn. giving ones public approval or support to someone or something Examples:The new design only received a lukewarm endorsement from head office. We are happy to give the product our full endorsement. endorsement for the planWord Study 4. healv. a. cau

4、se (a wound, injury, or person) to become sound or healthy again b. alleviate (a persons distress or anguish) c. correct or put right (an undesirable situation)Example:The wound has not yet healed.The long talk healed many of our differences.Time heals all sorrows.The cut has healed over now.Word St

5、udy a. a. not fully developed b. having or showing emotional or intellectual development appropriate to someone youngerExample:5. immature Tony seemed very shallow and immature. Many of the fish caught are immature.Cf. premature: occurring or done before the usual or proper time; too earlyA fire cau

6、sed the premature closing of the exhibition.I had been a little too premature in coming to this conclusion.DerivativesmaturematurityimmaturityprematureprematurityWord Study6. periln. a. serious and immediate danger b. the dangers or difficulties that arise from a particular situation or activityv. t

7、o expose to danger; to threaten Example:The refugees were in peril of death from hunger.the great perils facing the environmentneglect our advice at your peril peril ones lifeWord Study7. reclaimclaimreclaim DerivativesExamples:I have tried to reclaim my money without success.reclaim valuable materi

8、als from wastesreclaim land from the seareclaim sb. from vicev. a. to retrieve or recover (something previously lost, given, or paid); obtain the return of b. to redeem (someone) from a state of vice; reformWord Study8. affectionn. a. a gentle feeling of fondness or liking b. a condition of diseaseE

9、xamples:The officer transferred his affections to the other girl.He was held in great affection by hundreds of students. rheumatic affectionWord Study9. renderExamples:render someone a servicerender someone speechlessMrs Evans would render assistance to those she thought were in real need.The phrase

10、 was rendered into English.a. to provide (a service) b. to give (help) c. to cause to be or become; make d. to translateWord Study10. setback n. A reversal or check in progressExamples:His research has suffered a temporary setback. a serious setback to his chances of re-electiona serious setback for

11、 the peace processWord Study11. stretchv. n. become (becoming) longer or widerExamples:The lake stretches into the distance.Her arms were at full stretch. Have a good stretch from time to time to prevent yourself getting stiff. A great stretch of ocean lay beneath them. Word Study12. summonv.a. mana

12、ge to produce a particular feeling (courage, smile, energy, strength) in yourself, although this is difficult b. urgently demand c. call people to attend (a meeting) Examples:He managed to summon up a smile.She eventually summoned up the courage to knock at the door.I dont think I can summon up the

13、energy to go for a run.She summoned medical assistance.He summoned a meeting of head delegates. Word Study13. thrivingadj. very lively and profitable a thriving tourist center a thriving business a thriving city v. a. prosper; flourish b. grow or develop well or vigorouslyHe thrives on hard work. Su

14、e and Jack seem to thrive on arguments.synonymflourishingboomingprosperousWord Study14. tyrannyn. a. cruel and oppressive government or rule b. cruel, unreasonable, or arbitrary use of power or controlExamples:They came to America in order to escape political tyranny.An artists need for money impose

15、s the tyranny of popular taste. Word Studyadj. a. unlikely to be swayed; resolute b. (of a mass or structure) not giving way to pressure; hard or solid15. unyieldingExamples He stood unyielding and unafraid against the enemy. The Atlantic hurled its waves at the unyielding rocks.The end of Word Stud

16、y.List:Phrases and Expressionsbetter offbeyond measure on ones mind pitch infall back on sth/sbPhrases and Expressionsbe richer, happier, more fortunate, etc.Examples:Youd be better off with a smaller house, now that your children have left home.Under the new tax regulations I will be 17 a month bet

17、ter off.Youd be better off resting at home with that cold. (better off doing: more sensible to do) Cf. well off: wealthy; in a favourable situation or circumstancesHer family are quite well off.Jack has just bought another new car; he must be very well off.1. better offPhrases and Expressions to a v

18、ery great extentExamples:It irritates him beyond measure.Her joy was beyond measure.She fascinates me beyond measure.2. beyond measurePhrases and Expressions3. on ones mind preoccupying someone, especially in a disquieting wayExamples: New parents have many worries on their minds. Ive got a lot on my mind at the moment. Cf. in ones mindI wonder what is going on in his young mind.Phrases and Expressionsvigorously join in to help with a task or activity Examples: If everyone pitches in, well soon have the job finished. Lots of people pitched in with adv