1、狀 語 從 句講 練 什么是狀語？什么是從句？表示時間、地點、原因、目的We sleep at night at home.必須符合“從句的三個必須”必須是句子；必須有連接詞；必須是陳述句 請參考本網站“簡單句結構-主謂賓”、“從句基礎篇從句的三個必須”視頻定義狀語從句狀語從句同副詞，介詞詞組等作狀語一樣，用于修飾謂語，說明謂語動作的時間，地點，方式，手段，條件，程度，比較，原因，目的，結果等 I get up at 6:00It is darkI get up when it is dark用作狀語的從句叫做狀語從句。引導狀語從句的關聯詞是一些從屬連詞。 例： When you cross

2、the road, you must be careful. 當你過馬路時要小心。（when是從屬連詞） I was late because I missed the bus. 我遲到了，因為我誤了公共汽車。 （ because是從屬連詞）. If she asks me, Ill tell her. 她如果問我，我就告訴她。（if是從屬連詞） You look as if you need a rest. 你像是需要休息似的。（as if是從屬連詞）.狀語從句狀語從句的種類1、時間狀語從句 when, while, as soon as, since, until, before, aft

3、er2、條件狀語從句 if 3、結果狀語從句 sothat4、比較狀語從句 than5、原因狀語從句 because6、讓步狀語從句 although, though7、地點狀語從句 where前引：根據主從句的三種時間關系，分為主從句同時發生、主從句都沒有發生、主從句一前一后發生三類句型，每種句型分別對應獨特的句式三類時間1、主從句同時發生2、主從句都沒有發生3、主從句一前一后發生What were you doing when the UFO arrived?What are you doing when the UFO arrives?I would leave if he came.I

4、 will leave if he comes.The train had been away when I arrived.過去配過去過去配過去現在配現在現在配現在前引：根據主從句的三種時間關系，分為主從句同時發生、主從句都沒有發生、主從句一前一后發生三類句型，每種句型分別對應獨特的句式三類時間1、主從句同時發生2、主從句都沒有發生3、主從句一前一后發生過去類：.過去進行 when 一般過去現在類：現在進行 when 一般現在過去類：過去將來 when 一般過去現在類：一般將來when 一般現在過去完成 when 一般過去當我在開車時，她在玩滑板車。While I was driving,

5、she was playing the scooter.時間狀語從句(1)時間狀語從句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等連詞來引導。例如：It was raining hard when got to school yesterday.While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.As he walked along the lake, he sang happily.He had learned a little Chinese befor

6、e he came to China.After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.(2)在時間狀語從句里，主句為將來時，從句用一般現在時Ill ring you up as soon as I get to New York.I will tell him everything when he comes back.He wont believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.（3）若就時間狀語從句提問，應用when 來提問。如：While we were sweepi

7、ng the floor, the bell rang. (就劃線部分提問 while /when辨析when/while+doingWhen/while reading,he fell asleep.when+終止性、延續性動詞while+延續性動詞When the teacher came in,I was sleeping.=While /When I was sleeping, the teacher came in.when (就在這時)I was sleeping, when someone knocked at the door.when表示點時間時，從句中用短暫性動詞；表示段時

8、間時，用持續性動詞。 When I got home, my family were already having dinner. 我到家的時候，全家已在吃晚飯。 （when表示點時間） When they were still talking and laughing, the teacher came in. 當他們還在說笑的時候，老師進來了。（when表示段時間） He waved ahello when he saw her. 當他看見她的時候，就揮手打了個招呼。（when表示點時間） When you think you know nothing, you begin to know

9、 something. 當你認為自己一無所知的時候，就開始知道一些事情了。（when表示段時間） 當when意思是正當時候（and at that moment）時，when只能跟在前一分句之后。 He was about to go to bed when the doorbel rang. 他正要上床，忽然門鈴響了。 They were watching the World Cup when suddenly the lights went out. 他們正看著世界杯比賽，突然燈滅了。 They had just arrived home when it began to rain. 他們

10、剛到家，天就開始下雨了。 while通常表示一段時間，從句中宜用持續性動詞作謂語。 Strike while the iron is hot. 趁熱打鐵。 She fell asleep while she was reading the newspaper. 她在看報的時候睡著了。 while有時可以作并列連詞，表示對比，可譯成而。 I am fond of English while he likes maths. 我喜歡英語而他卻喜歡數學。 We slept while the captain kept watch. 我們睡覺而上尉擔任警戒。while 的其他含義：While I was

11、 walking down the street, I came across an old friend. ( while =_)He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. ( while =_)While I really dont like art, I find his work impressive. (while=_)While there is life there is hope. (while=_)whenalthoughas long as but as : 當時；一邊一邊；隨著某事一發生，另一事立即發生兩個動作同時

12、發生As the day went on, the weather gotworse.As the captain passed me, I askedhim whether there was any hope of saving the ship._hehadfinishedhishomework，hetookashortrest_he walked along the lake， he sang happily._ she was typing the letter,the telephone rangwhen， as， while區別when whileasWhenAsWhile時間點

13、延續性動詞“一邊.一邊”時間段終止性動詞 before 在前It will be half a year before I come back.It wont be half a year before we meet again.We sailed four days and nights before we saw the land.We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. 肯定句 “ 才” 否定句 “就”it will be +一段時間 before.多久之后才.it wont be +一段時間 before.不久就.till, until和no

14、tuntil：1.until/till引導時間狀語從句用于肯定句時，主句的動詞是延續性動詞，表示動作或狀態一直持續到until/till所表示的時間，意為“某動作一直延續到某時間點才停止”。如： We waited until he came. 2用于否定句時，主句謂語動詞是非延續性動詞，從句為肯定，意為“某動作直到某時間才開始”。如He wont go to bed till/until she returns.練一練1._ he comes here tomorrow, I will call you. 2._ he was walking in the street, he met Ti

15、m. 3.She sang _she worked.4.There was an applause _she appeared on the stage.WhenWhile/Whenasas soon as5.It wont be long _he finishes his writing.6._ he had finished his work, he left there.7.It is two years _he came here.8._she told me, I had no idea of what they had said .beforeAftersinceEvery tim

16、e/each timeUntil 練習 : 1. Ill write to you _ I get there. A. while B. before C. as soon as D. by2. He has lived in the city _ he came back from America. A. when B. before C. since D. after3. We wont leave here _ our teacher comes back. A. until B. since C. after D. as soon as4. I had to finish the pi

17、cture _ my mother came back. A. until B. before C. after D. while5. John fell asleep _ he was listening to the music. A. after B. before C. while D. as soon as 中考題型時間狀語從句2. 地點狀語從句地點狀語從句由 where, wherever 等引導。例如：You can take a walk wherever you like to. -Mom, what did your doctor say? - He advised me

18、to live where the air is fresher?我扁你是因為你又偷我的菜。I beat you because you stole my vegetables again.原因狀語從句 3. 原因狀語從句原因狀語從句通常由because, as, since, now that, considering (that), seeing (that)等詞引導。 because語氣較強，用以回答why問句 as語氣較弱，較口語化，所表示的原因較明顯。 since語氣較弱，常表對方已知的事實，相當于漢語的“既然”。 1. _he was ill, he didnt go to sch

19、ool.2._ you do not understand, I will explain again.3. As she was late for class, she had to say sorry.4. He must be ill, _he is absent today.BecauseSinceNow thatfor練一練6. I eat potatoes _I like them. 我吃土豆是因為我喜歡土豆。7. _I didnt know the way, I asked a policeman. 我由于不知道路，因而問警察。8. _you wont help me, Ill

20、ask someone else. 你既然不幫我，那我就請別人幫我。becauseAsSince 1. I didnt buy the dictionary yesterday _ my aunt would give me one. A. until B. because C. if D before2. - Why did you come to school late this morning? - _ I watched the football World Cup until 12 oclock last night. A. If B. Because C. Since D. Tho

21、ugh中考題型總結： 重點掌握because 的用法 （注： because 和so 不能同時用在一個句子中）原因狀語從句他是一個如此搞笑的人以至于我們大家都笑啦。He is such a funny man that we all laugh .結果狀語從句4. 結果狀語從句結果狀語從句常用so that, such that等關聯詞引導。e.g. He is so young that he cant go to work. 他如此小以致于他不能上班。He got so little pay that his family had to live on welfare money. 他工資

22、很少，他的家人不得不靠救濟金生活。Its such a good chance that we mustnt miss it. 機會這樣好，我們決不能失掉。so that, sothat, suchthat so that“以便”、“結果”表目的和結果。 注意：在從句中有情態動詞表目的。無情態動詞表結果。 sothat “如此的以致于”表結果。該結構常見于： 1.so+形副that2.so+形a(an)單數名詞that3.somany/much復數名詞（不可數名詞）+that suchthat“如此的以致于”表結果。該結構常見于： 1.sucha(an)形名詞that2.such形復數名詞不可

23、數名詞thatso that既可引導目的狀語從句，又可引導結果狀語從句。區別這兩種從句的辦法有兩個：1)目的狀語從句里往往帶有情態動詞can, could, may, might等。2)從意思上看，目的狀語從句往往表示的目的很明確。例如：Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的狀語從句)Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (結果狀語從句)It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.=The film

24、 was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.He

25、has so little time that he cant go to the cinema with you.記：注：名詞前由many， much， little， few等詞修飾時，用so，不用such我做這個動作是為了站穩。I do this action in order that I can stand still.目的狀語從句 5. 目的狀語從句目的狀語從句常由so that, in order that等詞引導，目的狀語從句常用助動詞may（might）, shall（should）, will（would）, can (could)。目的狀語從句常放于主句之后，例： Spe

26、ak clearly so that they may understand you. 你要講得清楚，他們才聽得懂。 He spoke slowly in order that everyone should understand. 他講得很慢以便人人能聽懂。They set out early _ they might arrive there in time. Take your raincoat _it should rain.The boy hid himself behind the tree _his father should see him.so that (in order

27、that)in casein case/for fear that練一練4. Id like to arrive 20 minutes early _ I can have time for a cup of tea. A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that5. Youd better take something to read when you go to see the doctor _ you have to wait. A. even if B. as if C. in case D. in order thatIf th

28、e roaches dont die,Ill die.條件狀語從句不許動，除非我允許你動。Dont move unless I allow you to move.主將從現He wont be late unless he is ill.Hurry up, or youll be late.=If you dont hurry up,youll be late.“祈使句 + and （or）+ 陳述句” =條從Study hard and you will pass the exam.=If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 6. 條件狀語從句條件

29、狀語從句表示條件，關聯詞常用if或unless, as (so) long as. if , once, as/so long as，as far as，unless等。If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman. 明天如果下雪，我們就堆雪人。Youll catch a cold unless you put on your coat. 你會感冒的除非你穿上大衣。He will do anything as long as it is interesting. 只要有趣，他什么都愿意干。1. _ you touch an English pers

30、on, you should say “sorry”.2. _ they are dirty, certain seas are not able to clean themselves.3. _we dont lose heart, well find a way to overcome the difficulty.4. _I know you shouldnt have any problem there.IfOnceAs long asAs far as練一練 Youll be late _ you dont get up early tomorrow morning.A. if B.

31、 when C. before D. untilIf he _ on time, we will go without himA. doesnt come B. dont comeC. didnt comeIf you _ him tomorrow, please ask him if he _ to work on the farm with us.A. see ; goes B. will see; goes C. will see; will go D. see; will go中考題型總結： 條件狀語從句考的頻率比較高，主要考查if 連詞和if引導的從句與主句的時態（主將從現）條件狀語

32、從句如果是否 7. 讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句，表示“雖然，盡管，即使”等概念，常用的關聯詞有：though, although, even though等。 Though he was ill, he was still working. 他雖然有病，但仍然繼續工作。 Although it is difficult, we shall do it. 此事雖難，但我們還是要做。 Even though you say so, I do not believe it. 即使你這樣說，我也不信。 注： though和although可以互換，只是although比較正式。 though不可以與連詞

33、but連用，但可以與yet，still連用，例： Though he worked hard, he couldnt pass the exam. 雖然他很努力，但還是沒通過考試。 (1)讓步狀語從句通常由although, though等連詞引導。例如：Though he is young, he knows a lot.Although I am tired, I must go on working.(2)although(though)不能用在同一個句子中。例如：我們不能說：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.應該說：Th

34、ough it was raining hard, he still went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went out.1. _he is old ,he works hard.2. _you say so,I dont believe it. 3. Smart _ he is ,he doesnt study hard. 4. The old tower must be saved, _ the cost. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whereverAlthough / Though

35、Even though (even if) as練一練 8. 比較狀語從句比較狀語從句常用than或asas，the more the more等引導。than表示兩者的比較，asas表示程度相同的比較；The morethe more表示” 越越”。例：That book is more interesting than this one. 那本書比這本有趣。He runs as fast as I （do）. 他和我跑得一樣快。The more I see him , the less I like him. 我越看他就越不喜歡。1. He doesnt work so hard _you

36、 do.2.The more you worry, _youll succeed.3.She did worse in the test _she expected.asthe lessthan練一練9. 方式狀語從句方式狀語從句由 as, as if , as though 等引導。例如: You can do it as what I just did. I couldnt moved my legs. It was as if they were stuck to the floor. He sounds as though he s got a sore throat.注：1 比較狀語

37、從句后面的主語在口語中常用賓格。 如果后面的句子主語為主格時，可以加助動詞、情態動詞等。 He can jump higher than I can. 他能比我跳得高。 He came later than LiLei did. 他比李磊來得晚。注：2because of和because的區別 because of后加名詞代詞或動名詞，不加句子，而because加句子，例：Because of his illness, he didnt go to work. 因為生病，他沒上班。Because he was ill, he didnt go to work. 在條件和時間狀語從句中，如果主句

38、用將來時，從句常用一般現在時。 If it doesnt rain, well go fishing. 明天不下雨我們就去釣魚。 As soon as he comes back, Ill let him know it. 他一回來，我就讓他知道這事。if構成條件從句時意為“如果”，可以放句首也可以放主句后；構成賓語從句時意為“是否”，一般放主句后。 例如: I dont know if he will come tomorrow.（賓從） 我不知道他明天是否來。 If he comes, Ill tell you.（Ill tell you if he comes.） 如果他來，我會告訴你。

39、 I will give the ticket to him _ (我一見到他)The foreign friends have visited a lot of cities _ (自從他們到中國以來)Mr Green wont go _. (直到你回來) I could ride a bike _. (當我10歲時)I began to do some drawing _ (我完成作業后)He has to send his daughter to school _ (他上班之前)as soon as I see him since they came to Chinauntil you

40、come backwhen I was 10 years oldafter I finished my homeworkbefore he goes to work1. 他一到家，我就告訴他這件事。I will tell him about it _2. 我喜歡吃蘋果，因為這對我的健康有好處。I like to eat apples _3. 他和湯姆跑的一樣快。He _ Tom.4. Jack太窮，他買不起這本書。 _ couldnt buy the book.5. 直到爸爸回來他才讀完這本書。_ his father came back.根據中文完成句子 He didnt finish re

41、ading the book untilbecause its good for my health. runs as fast as Jack was so poor that he as soon as he gets home.【模擬試題】（答題時間：50分鐘） （ ）1. Did he tell you _ at the school gate? A. who he waited for B. who is he waiting C. who did he wait for D. who he was waiting（ ）2. Do you know _? A. who is heB.

42、 what he is C. what is heD. who he isA D（ ）3. I dont know _. A. where does he come from B. where he does come from C. where he come from D. where he comes from（ ）4. Excuse me. Could you tell me _ get to the plane? Certainly. Go straight along here. A. how can we B. how we can C. where can we D. wher

43、e we can D B（ ）5. The teacher asked the new student _ class he was in. A. whichB. where C. howD. when（ ）6. Do you know _ after school every day? A. what does he do B. he does what C. what he does D. does he do what A C（ ）7. Have you decided _ with me? A. who will you go B. who will go C. who went D.

44、 who did you go（ ）8. He asked me _. A. who did kick the first goal in the World Cup B. when was the APEC meeting held C. when China became a member of the WTO D. where will the 2008 Olympic be held B C（ ）9. Kate has gone to Shanghai and I dont know _ tomorrow. A. when she calls me B. when she will c

45、all me C. when does she call me D. when will she call me（ ）10. Where does he come from? Pardon? I asked where _. A. did he come from B. he came from C. he comes from D. does he come from（ ）11. I didnt know _ at the meeting yesterday. A. what to say B. to say what C. why to say D. to say why B A B（ ）

46、12. Could you tell me _? A. what time the plane leaves B. what time the plane leave C. what time did the plane leave D. what time will the plane leave（ ）13. Do you know _ she knows it? A. what B. ifC. when D. what（ ）14. Boys and girls, did you hear _ I said? A. that B. what C. itD. those（ ）15. You m

47、ust remember _. A. what your teacher said B. what did your teacher say C. your teacher said what D. what has your teacher saidB BA A（ ）16. I watched that man for a long time and wanted to know _. A. whether I have seen him before B. where I had seen him before C. that I had seen him before D. when d

48、id I see him （ ）17. Do you know _? Sorry, I dont know. You may ask the woman over there. A. when the shop opens B. when is the shop open C. when does the shop open D. when will the shop open （ ）18. Do you know why she _Mr. Wang tomorrow? She has changed her mind. A. wont visit B. didnt visit C. does

49、nt visit D. hasnt visit A A B（ ）19. Could you tell me _ with the broken window? A. what I should do B. what should I do C. how to d D. how I should do（ ）20. Do you know _? They moved here soon after their son was born. A. when would the Greens move here B. when the Greens moved here C. the Greens wo

50、uld move here D. when the Greens would move here（ ）21. I dont know when he _ back from England. A. will comeB. come C. comes D. coming B A A（ ）22. What did your son say in the letter? He told me that he _ the Disney World the next day. A. will visitB. has visited C. is going to visitD. would visit（ ）23. If he _harder next time, he will catch up with us. A. work B. worked C. works D. will work（ ）24. I think WeiHua will be very happy when she _your presents. A. looksB. will look C. receives D. w