1、必修一 Unit 1 Friendship 單元(dnyun)要點預覽詞匯部分詞語辨析1. ignore / neglect / overlook 2. cheat / fool3. calm / quiet / silent / still 4. join / join in / take part in / attend詞形變化1. ignore vt. 忽視ignorance n. 無知ignorant adj.無知的2. dusk n. 黃昏; 傍晚dusky adj.昏暗的; 黑暗的3. add v. 添加; 增加addition n. 加, 附加additional adj. 添加

2、的;附加的重點單詞1. upset adj. 心煩意亂的，不安的；不適的 vt. (upset, upset) 2. concern v. 擔憂; 涉及; 關系到 n. 擔心，關注；（利害）關系3. settle vt. 安家； 定居；停留vt. 使定居，安家；解決4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；經歷5. disagree vt. 不同意重點詞組add up合計go through 經歷；經受on purpose 故意get along with 與某人相處；(工作的) 進展in order to 為了重點句子1. Mother asked her if / whether s

3、he was very hot with so many clothes on. 2. I dont set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do 3. it was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face.詞語(cy)辨析 1. ignore / neglect / overlook 【解釋】ignore 通常指有意不顧，或不理會顯而易見的事物。Nobody could ignore these problems.沒有誰會忽

4、視這些問題。neglect 側重指有意的忽略或忽視，也可指粗心與疏忽。He neglected to go to the meeting.他一時疏忽，忘記去開會。overlook 指因匆忙而疏忽或視而不見。We should not overlook the difficulties. 不應忽視困難。overlook表示忽視和neglect的忽略十分接近，同學們就注意在使用中的習慣表達吧，通常neglect ones duty/work 是比較多用的2. cheat / fool【解釋】cheat 主要指盈利的買賣中或游戲競賽中欺騙人，騙取人的錢等;背叛，“作弊”，“欺詐”。Dont go t

5、o that shop they often cheat their customers.別去那家商店，他們常常欺騙顧客。fool “愚弄”，指利用人缺乏常識，心理脆弱來欺騙人（指把別人當傻瓜，愚弄欺騙別人。）。You cant fool me that easily. 你不能那么輕易地欺騙我。3. calm / quiet / silent / still【解釋】calm 天氣、水、水面（表風平浪靜）；（指人時）表示鎮定自如。She has to take sedatives to calm her nerves. 她必須服鎮靜劑來使她的神經鎮定。quiet 表“寧靜”、“安靜”、“寂靜”，

6、側重沒有響聲，沒有噪音和沒有動靜。指人時側重性格溫和，文靜。They were quiet during the alert. 警戒期間他們保持安靜。silent 表“沉默”、“不發言”、“不說話”，常常表示人不愛說話，沉默無語。Immediately on his beginning to speak, everyone was silent. 他一講話， 大家頓時安靜下來。still 側重于不動、靜止時,與calm, quiet, silent不能替換;側重于無聲時,可與quiet替換。David had been dancing about like a child, but sudde

7、nly he stood still and looked at Brad.戴維一直像孩子那樣蹦蹦跳跳，但突然打住，瞧著布拉德。比較： Keep still. (=Dont move.) Keep calm. (=Dont be excited.) Keep quiet. (=Keep silent.)4. join / join in / take part in / attend【解釋】join 表示參加組織、黨派、團體、軍隊、俱樂部等，不可用join in；join還可解釋為“連接”He joined the Army five years ago.他年前參了軍。join in 表示參加

8、游戲、活動等；join sb. (in sth.) 表（和某人一起）做某事Can I join in the game? 我可以參加這比賽嗎？Please join us and be one of those people! 請加入我們，成為這些人中的一員。take part in 表示參與、參加討論、游行、比賽、戰斗、斗爭、運動、慶祝等，往往指參加者持積極態度起一份作用Subjects or participants - Who will take part in your study ? 研究對象或參與者誰將會參與你的研究？attend 主要指出席、參加會議、婚禮；聽講座、課、報告、音樂

9、會等；上學、教堂句子的主語只是去聽，去看，自己不一定起積極作用。Thousands of people attended the funeral.數千人參加了葬禮。.詞性(cxng)變化 1. ignore vt. 忽視ignorance n. 無知ignorant adj.無知的2. dusk n. 黃昏; 傍晚dusky. adj.昏暗的; 黑暗的 3. add v. 添加; 增加addition n. 加, 附加additional adj. 添加的;附加的.重點(zhngdin)詞匯 1. upset adj. 心煩意亂的，不安(b n)的；不適的 vt. (upset, upset)

10、典例 1). Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit. 她一來把我們周末的安排給打亂了。2). Dont upset yourself - no harm has been done. 不要難過-并沒有造成傷害。3). He was horribly upset over her illness. 他為她的病而憂心忡忡。4). The students really upset her. 學生們著實讓她煩惱。重點用法be upset by 被 打亂upset oneself about sth 為某事煩惱I was up

11、set by what was happening, and I thought as I went out the door: “Id smash a plate over your head if you were my husband!” 我為所發生的事情感到難過，當我出門的時候聽見：如果你是我丈夫我就用盤子砸你的腦袋！Dont upset yourself by thinking about what might have been. 不要考慮那些可能發生的事來煩你自己。2. concern v. 擔憂; 涉及; 關系到 n. 擔心，關注；（利害）關系典例 1). The news c

12、oncerns your brother. 這消息與你兄弟有關。2). The boys poor health concerned his parents. 那男孩健康狀況不佳,使他的父母親憂慮。3). Thats no concern of mine. 那不關我的事。重點用法as / so far as be concerned 關于；至于；就而言be concerned about 關心be concerned at / over sth. 為某事憂慮be concerned in sth. 牽涉到，與有關，參與The sun, at least, so far as we are co

13、ncerned, is standing still. 至少就我們地球上的人來說，太陽是屹立不動的.I want her to respond as a friend, as someone who is concerned about me. 我希望她交流時作為一個朋友，一個關心我的人。The Board of Directors was concerned at the drop in the companys revenues. 董事會對公司總收益的減少甚為關注。Marriage problems are concerned in everybodys and every familys

14、 happiness or sadness. 婚姻問題，牽系著每個人的快樂與憂傷，關系到每個家庭的幸福與痛苦。3. settle vt. 安家；定居；停留 vt. 使定居，安家；解決典例 1). He settled his child in a corner of the compartment. 他把孩子安頓在車廂的一個角落里。2). The family has settled in Canada. 這家人已定居加拿大。3). Both wanted to settle their scores. 雙方都愿意捐棄前嫌。重點(zhngdin)用法settle down 鎮定下來(xi li

15、) settle in 在定居Sure enough, the analysis of the twin pairs revealed that once men marry, they settle down. 十分(shfn)確定的是，雙胞胎的研究揭示，一旦男人結婚，他們就安定下來了。4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；經歷典例 1). Do you suffer from headaches? 你常頭痛嗎? 2). Shes suffering from loss of memory. 她患有遺忘癥。重點用法suffer from/with/for sth 感到疼痛 不適 悲

16、傷等; 受苦; 吃苦頭:There are other people who suffer from panic attacks and heavy doses of anxiety.當然也有其他一些人是因為忍受疼痛的侵襲和嚴重的焦慮。My dream is to help those who suffer with mental illness. 我的理想是幫助那些正受精神疾病煎熬的人們。Unionists are asking why workers should suffer for the mistakes of the managers.5. disagree vt. 不同意 agr

17、ee 同意典例 1). Even friends sometimes disagree with each other. 即便是朋友也有時意見不一。2). We disagreed on future plans. 我們對未來的計劃產生了分歧。重點用法disagree with sb/what sb says/sbs decision 不同意某人的觀點某人的話/某人的決定.重點詞組 1. add up 加起來典例 1). Add up your scores and see how many points you can get. 把你的得分加起來，看看你能得幾分。2). Tom, what

18、do ten, twenty and five add up to?湯姆，10，20和5加起來是多少？短語歸納add () to . （把什么）加入中add up to 加起來是Add up the total of those six games.把那場比賽的總分加起來。For a hit show, profits can add up to millions of dollars.對于一個熱門節目，利潤可達上百萬美元。Now, its not obvious but it is true that you cannot add to this anymore.雖然不是很明顯,但你確實無法

19、再往后面加什么東西了There may be many topics here add them to the list. 有許多“題目”可以挖掘，把它們加在你的列表里。2. go through 經歷；經受典例 1). The country has gone through too many wars. 這個國家經歷了太多的戰爭。2). Shes been through a bad patch recently. 她最近經歷了一段困難時期。短語歸納go after追求，追趕go ahead前進；請說（做）吧do it go by走過，（時間）過去timego along with向前，（

20、與）一起去go in for愛好，從事 go out外出；（燈，火）熄滅light, firego over越過；復習 go up爬上，（價格等）上升priceThey both went after the same girl.他們倆在追求同一個女孩。She is going after the first prize.她力爭頭獎。May I start?” “我可以開始了嗎?” “Yes, go ahead. “可以，開始吧。”If you insist on leaving now, please go ahead. 你一定(ydng)要走，那就請便吧。Time goes by quic

21、kly on vacation.度假(d ji)時時間過得真快。They went over their lessons together at night.他們(t men)晚上在一塊復習課文。Costs go up: you have paying customers who demand real service. 成本上升：那些愿意付費的顧客需要真正的服務。3.on purpose 故意，有目的地典例 The boy broke Jacks window on purpose. He wanted to frighten Jack. 那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的，他想嚇一下杰克。短語

22、歸納do sth. on purpose: 故意做某事on purpose 表示故意地、有企圖、有目的地4. get along with 與某人相處；(工作的) 進展典例1). He is not easy-going. Its very hard to get along with him 他不是個隨和的人，很難相處。2). How are you getting along with your work? 工作進展如何？短語歸納get along/on well/ nicely/ badly with 與相處得好/不好，進展順利/不順利be rid sb/sth of sth,rid后跟

23、的是要去除的對象，of后跟的是要去除的東西；get rid of 是詞組，句子的主語就是對象get away離開，逃離get down下來；寫下，取下get down to (doing)開始認真干 get over克服，擺脫get through通過，做完 get together聚集All we have to do is get rid of him, right? 我們要做的就是除掉他，對嗎？Once the country is rid of Bush, perhaps we can start developing a more nuanced understanding of h

24、ow his presidency went astray. 一旦布什離任，也許我們能夠更清楚的認識到布什政府是如何步入歧途的。It is the best way to let out your emotions and get over the death. 因為這是釋放你的感情和克服親人死亡帶來痛苦的最好方法。I have a pile of papers to get through before my leaving.我離開之前有一堆文件要處理。Lets stop chewing the fat and get down to work. 讓我們停止聊天兒，著手工作吧。Neat tr

25、ick if you can get away with it! 干凈利落的把戲，如果你能得以逃脫的話！5. in order to 為了（可置于句首或句中）典例1). She arrived early in order to get a good seat. 她到得很早, 圖的是得個好座位。2). I agreed to her suggestion in order not to upset her. 我同意她的建議是為了不讓她傷心。短語歸納in order that以便（后跟句子）so that以便（后跟句子）so as to為了（只能置于句中，不能置于句首）He polished o

26、ff his work in order to see his girlfriend. 為了去見女朋友，他匆忙地做完手頭的工作。The expert spoke slowly in order that everyone should understand. 專家講得很慢，以便人人聽得懂。Ill give you all the facts so that you can judge for yourself. 我把所有事實都告訴你， 使你得以自己作出判斷。Besides, we must be engaged in sports or outing so as to strengthen o

27、ur bodies.此外，我們必須從事運動或郊游以便強壯我們的身體。.重點(zhngdin)句子 1. Mom asked her if (whether) she was very hot with so many clothes on.媽媽(m m)問她穿那么多衣服是不是很熱。解釋(jish) with復合結構：with + 賓語+ v. ing / v. ed / to do / adj. / adv. / prep. phrases由“介詞with+賓語+賓語補足語” 構成的復合結構在句中通常作為狀語，表示背景情況，為方式，原因或條件等，另外，該結構也可以作為定語使用。下面簡述幾種情況

28、：1) 如果在該結構中的分詞表示的動作是由前面的名詞或代詞發出的，構成主謂關系，該分詞用現在分詞形式。2) 如果分詞表示的動作與前面的名詞或代詞構成動賓關系，該分詞用過去分詞形式。3) 賓語補足語也可以使用介詞短語，形容詞或副詞來充當。典例1.with + 賓語 + 副詞，如：The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on (= while all the lights are on). With his parents away (= As his parents are away), Tom becomes more naugh

29、ty. 2.with + 賓語 + 介詞短語，如：The teacher came in with a book in his hand (= while a book was in his hand). The girl looked up with tears in her eyes (= while tears were in her eyes). 3.with + 賓語 + 現在分詞，如：With summer corning (= As summer is corning), the weather is becoming hotter and hotter.With the tea

30、cher standing beside (= As the teacher was standing beside)，she felt a bit uneasy. 4.with + 賓語 + 過去分詞，如：With the work done (= As the work had been done), she felt greatly relieved. With his hair cut (= As his hair has been cut), he looks much younger. 5.with + 賓語 + 不定式，如：With her to go with us (= As

31、 she will go with us), were sure to have a pleasant journey. With Mr Smith to teach them English next term（= As Mr Smith will teach them English) , they will be greatly improved in spoken English. 2. I dont set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do 我不愿意像大多數人那樣在日記中記流水帳解釋 as引導的從句為比較狀語從句，

32、意為“像大多數人那么做”。as 用作連詞，可引導下列狀語從句：1). 引導狀語從句，強調主句謂語動詞與從句謂語的同時性As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening. 隨著他年紀越來越大，他失去了對所有事物的興趣，除了園藝。2). 引導讓步狀語從句，表示“盡管，雖然，即使”（從句需倒裝）Cold as it is, my brother wears only a shirt. 盡管天氣冷，我哥只穿了一件襯衫。3). 引導方式狀語從句，表示“以方式”。Why didnt you take the medicine as I told you to? 為什么你沒有按我說的服這藥？4). 引導原因狀語從句 (=since; because)，“由于，因為”。As you were not there, I left a me