1、Puzzles or new physics signal in B physics呂才典IHEP, .Current B physics experimentsEnhancement of color suppressed modesDirect CP asymmetry / AnnihilationMixing induced CP asymmetry Polarizations in BVV decaysSummaryOutline.高能物理實驗開展方向更高能量：Tevatron, LHC，ILC， 直接對新粒子，新物理的探求更高亮度：B工廠，tau粲工廠等 準確檢驗，間接新物理的探求，

2、更經濟對超對稱等新物理模型的參數限制大多來源于B物理實驗肖振軍、楊亞東有很多研討.KEKSLACCurrent B factoriesBaBarPEPIIKEKBBelle.B Factory ExperimentsKEK, KEKB ，e+ 8GeV, e 3.5GeVBelle: 700 Million B B-bar pairSLAC, PEP-II, e+ 9GeV, e 3.1GeVBaBar: 400 Million B B-bar pairThey can reach branching ratios as small as 107 rare B decays. d Vud Vu

3、s Vub d s = Vcd Vcs Vcb s b Vtd Vts Vtb b Unitarity Vud Vub*+Vcd Vcb*+Vtd Vtb*=0The triangles are measured mainly through non-leptonic B (bd) decaysFor example: by B , , by BJ/K, K VudVub* VtdVtb* by BK , BsK, VcdVcb*.Current CKM measurements規范模型可以很好地解釋目前的實驗.CLEO實驗組(已降能區)Belle KEK 和 BaBar SLAC任務在 B

4、物理的能區,如今正在取數.Tevatron實驗室上也有很多Bs的數據2007年底即將運轉的LHC-b謀劃中Super-B. the size of CP violation is not big enough for cosmology實驗情況.B pi pi decays Mode Exp pQCD(LO) NLOdduu.B pi pi decaysTree (T), color suppressed tree (C), penguin (P).Two operators contribute to decay: B0 0 B0 0 color enhanced color suppres

5、sed C1 0.2 1/3 C2 1/3 dduu.Isospin triangleD+ (a1)D0+ (a1+a2)D00 (a2)Later experiments found much larger B0D0 pi0 branching ratios.For decay, these two diagrams do not cancelD+ (a1)D0+ (a1+a2)D00 (a2)arg (a2/a1) 41.Branching ratios of BD(*)modesFac. APQCDEXP.D*+ 292527.62.1D+ 3027304D*0 01.02.81.70.

6、5D0 0 0.72.52.90.5D*0+ 4853464D0 + 4854535PQCD: Keum et al, PRD69:094018,2004 a1=1.08a2=0.21for Fact.Approach(x 104).Direct CP violation.Direct CP ViolationRequire two kinds of decay amplitudes with:Different weak phases (SM)Different strong phases need hadronic calculation , usually non-perturbativ

7、e.B, K Have Two Kinds of Diagrams with different weak phase b W u Tree VubVud*(s) B d(s) (K) W b t PenguinVtbVtd* (s) B O3,O4,O5,O6O1,O2 (K).Strong phase is important for direct CPBut usually comes from non-perturbative dynamics, for exampleDKKKFor B decay, perturbative dynamic may be more important

8、.Cut quark diagram Sum over final-state hadronsOn-shellOff-shellhadronsInclusive Decay. pseudo-scalar B requires spins in opposite directions, namely, helicity conservation momentumBfermion flowspin (this configuration is not allowed)p1p2Annihilation suppression 1/mB 10%Like Be e For (V-A)(V-A), lef

9、t-handed current.No suppression for O6Space-like penguinBecome (s-p)(s+p) operator after Fiertz transformation Chirally enhancedNo suppression, contribution “big (20-30%)dud+ (K+) .Chiral EnhancementTwo penguin operators:O4(V-A)(V-A)O6(V-A)(V+A) bsqtR,L=15Fiertz trans.O(1)(S+P)(S-P) 2mK2/(ms mB).CP

10、Violation in B (K)(real prediction before exp.)CP(%)FABBNSPQCDExp +K +93+591759.71.2 0K +8 27 913 44.7 2.6 +K 01.7 0.11 11.00.50.9 2.5 + 53612+3010+387(2001).B K puzzleK+- and K+0 differ by subleading amplitudes Pew and C. Their CP are expected to be similar.Their data differ by 5! A puzzle! ACP(K+p

11、i) = ( 9.5 1.3)% ACP(K+pi) = (4.7 2.6)% .Amplitude parametrization(C2/C4)(VusVub/VtsVtb) (1/2)(5/2) .Direct CP violationT exp(i3)PT exp(-i3)T exp(i3)PT exp(-i3)If T=0BrBr = BrIf T=0Br = BrDirect CPRecall .Explanation 1Large K+- CP implies large T (predicted by PQCD in 2000) Large PEW to cancel its e

12、ffect (Buras et al.; Yoshikawa) in K+0 new physics? T exp(i3)PT exp(-i3)PEWBr Br.Explanation 2Or large C to cancel its effect (Charng and Li; He and McKellar) in K+0 ) mechanism missed in SM calculation? (T+C) exp(i3)(T+C) exp(-i3)T exp(i3)P.Mixing induced CP violation.Deviation from B J/psi Ks.2007

13、 result.Mixing Induced CPB + , K, K , KKK Dominant by the B-B bar mixingMost of the approaches give similar resultsEven with final state interactions.For Example: (From Yossi Nir).Polarization of BVV decaysQCDF0.940.950.910.94.New physics (Grossman; Yang et al. ; Giri, Mohanta; Das et al.)Annihilati

14、on effect in QCDF (Kagan)Charming penguin in SCET (Bauer et al)Rescattering effect (Colangelo et al.; Ladisa et al.; Cheng, Chua, Soni)Exotic b sg (Hou,Nagashima)Plausible resolutions.Previous pQCD RL= 75% for B K*phi Too large Brs than exp. Implies too large form factorSo far, no data, except K*, c

15、ontrol A0B () K* are governed by B () form factors= A0 for B K* could be smaller?Choose the asymptotic models for the correspondingK* meson distribution amplitudes A0=0.28. Annihilation can enhance transverse contribution: RL = 59% (exp:50%) and also right ratio of R=, R and right strong phase =, ds

16、dLarge transverse component in BK* decaysK*H-n Li, Phys. Lett. B622, 68, 2005 .Polarization of BVV decaysQCDF0.940.950.910.94New physics ?.New physics at TeVPromising hypotheses that predict new elementary particles in the TeV scale (SUSY, extra-dimension, etc.)More ambitious proposals that incorporate flavor symmetries (and violation) to answer the deeper questions of flavor physics.New CP-violating phases and new interactions of quarks and leptons almost expectable.New physics at TeVNew particles must come with New Flavor Mixing.