1、Unit3 Amazing people New words1. curse n. & v(1) n. 詛咒（祈天懲罰，傷害或毀滅某物或某人）be under a 因被詛咒而受災禍Our tribe is under a curse.我們的部族正遭天譴。lay a curse upon sb.詛咒人禍因，禍源Foxes are a curse to farmers. 狐貍是農民的一種禍害。(2) v. 詛咒,咒罵他咒罵那個偷他皮夾的人。He cursed the man who had stolen his wallet.2. explore v. 勘探,考察; 探索, 探究 They

2、 explored the land to the north of the Yellow River. 他們勘查了黃河以北的所有地區We must explore all the possibilities for the solution of the problemexplorer n. 探索者; 勘探者; 探測器an Arctic explorer 北極探險家exploration n. 勘探,考察oil exploration 石油勘探3 adventurous adj (人)有冒險精神的(事)充滿危險的，驚險的 那是一次驚險的旅行。 That is journey. 她的生活方式充

3、滿刺激。 She lives in lifestyle. 她不夠膽大。 She isnt adventurous enough. adventurous pioneers 富有冒險精神的開拓者adventure n. 冒險; 驚險活動; 奇遇; 冒險性(經歷)adventures in the mountainsAll the children are listening to his adventures of travelling in Africa4 bright adj. The leaves on the trees are bright green in spring.bright

4、 red鮮艷的Dont be so bad about your future. You should see the bright side of things. The doctor has a bright future before him. 樂觀的；前途光明的His teacher didnt think Edision bright. 聰明的；伶俐的She gave me a bright smile. 生氣勃勃的；愉快的 The sun is brighter than the moon. 閃光的；明亮的；發光的5 curious adj. 好奇的，求知欲強的 be curiou

5、s about sth ,對(某事物)感到好奇be curious to do很想(做); 渴望(做be curious that Children are naturally about everything around them小孩子會自然地對周圍每一件事感到好奇。It is good to be curious about the world around youIm curious to know what they are talking about. 我很想知道他們在談論什么。Im curious how he will deal with it.我很想知道他如何處理這事的。 奇

6、特的，難以解釋的 It is/ was curious that 真奇怪，他不辭而別。It is curious that he left without saying goodbye. 好管閑事的curious neighborscuriosity n. 好奇（心）；珍品He is full of curiosity. 他充滿了好奇心curiously adv. curiosity n6.set sail 啟航，開船 have / take a sailset sail (from/for) : to begin a trip by sea啟程去某地Columbus set sail fro

7、m barcelona for india in 1492. Zheng he set sail for the west seven times between 1405 and 1433.            Early in the morning, the ship set sail for Africago for a sail its real fun to go for a sail in the mediterranean. go sailingThey set sa

8、il southwardsail vi. & vt. 航行; 駕船; 乘船His ship sails today. 他的船今天航行She sailed the boat without any help7. gold/golden8. preserve vt.1) 保護，保存(使免受破壞)preserve sth.(from) 保護以免.I think the interesting old customs should be preserved.The ancient Egyptians knew ways to preserve dead bodies2) 維護,保持(狀況不變)

9、,保養We must our eyesight. 我們必須保護視力preserve public order維護公共秩序preserve the world peaceHe has managed to his independence. 他設法保持住自己的獨立性。You look well preserved你看起來保養得很好3)腌制,保存(食物)Ice helps to preserve food.冰有助于保存食物。You can preserve meat or fish in salt.你可以用鹽保存肉或魚。preserved fruit蜜餞well-preserved mummies

10、保存很好的木乃伊9.discovery nMake a discoveryRecently scientists have made an important discovery about bird flu.The discovery of oil by China in the East Sea made the Japanese very jealous.discoverer n 發現者10riches: wealth  Which do you think is more valuable, health or riches?So riches mean nothing to

11、 you when you are ill. be rich in 盛產，豐富Oranges are rich in vitamin C.jewel: often used in its plural form- jewelsShe is too poor to buy jewels/jewellery.     People usually buy jewels at the jewellers.     jewellery: u.n      Gold jewl

12、lery is no longer in fashion now. 11 as well as和,也,不僅而且He gave me money as well as adviceHe gave me advice, and money as wellThe children are adventurous as well as brightThe children are bright, and adventurous as well.as well as 除以外還; 和一樣也The teacher, as well as the students, wishes for a holiday.

13、(謂語動詞與前面的那個保持人稱和數一致)We expect her to do the housework as well as look after the children.（若連接兩個不定式，如第一個帶有to,則第二個就不帶to）She sings and paints as well as playing the piano.not onlybut alsoNot only the teacher but also the students wish for a holiday.12.empty adj. & vt. to remove everything that is i

14、n a container1) adj. 空的;I looked into the classroom but I found it empty.Therere two empty seats in the room.空洞的,空虛的, 無意義的空談, 廢話empty talk空洞的諾言empty promises空虛的生活an empty life2)vt. to remove everything that is in a container弄空, 飲干, 搬騰, 倒空empty a glass干杯, 喝干empty a house搬空房屋The police made him empty

15、his pockets of everything.警察叫他把口袋里的東西都掏出來Dont forget to empty the waste paper basket classroom after cleaning the classroom every day.empty sth. of sth. I emptied my handbag of everything, but still couldnt find my keyempty-handed 空手的，徒手的empty-headed 愚蠢的，無腦筋的13.presentadj. 出席的，在場的（做表語或后置定語）be presen

16、t atAll the students present at the meeting are from class 5.現在的，現存的（做前置定語）the present government/ tensen. /preznt/ = gift 禮物；目前，現在They exchange presents at Christmas. at present He is in Shanghai at present. for the presentI cant remember it for the present.vt. /prizent/ 贈與，交給，呈遞present the village

17、 with a new librarypresent a new library to the village出現，出席present oneself at a friends housepresent oneself for exam14.coincidence n. 巧合，碰巧, 巧合的事What a coincidence! 多么巧合啊Its a coincidence that是巧合(偶然by coincidence= by chance碰巧， 由于巧合coincident adj. 同時發生的；巧合的;一致的15.disturb v. 打擾，擾亂disturb the early m

18、orning打破清晨的寧靜disturb the minds of the people擾亂人心disturb the peace擾亂平靜Do not disturb請勿打擾She has disturbed his plans for going abroad. 她打亂了他出國的全部計劃。A light wind disturbed the surface of the water微風拂動水面。He was disturbed to hear her illness. (make someone worry) Dont disturb the papers on my desk. (move

19、 something or change its position) 16.resultvi. 產生，發生，導致If the police leave, disorder will resultresult from 產生于，由引起His failure resulted from not working hard enoughresult inmake something happen; cause; lead to引起，導致；以為結局Heavy rains may result in floodingThe earthquake in tangshan in 1976 resulted i

20、n more than 240,000 deaths and 160,000 injuries.His careless speech resulted in much argument.他的過于草率的發言引來許多爭議.The quarrel resulted in his mother leaving the home.n. 結果；效果the football resultswithout result毫無結果地as a result ( of ) 作為(的)結果His father liked smoking. As a result, he died of lung cancer las

21、t year. 他父親喜歡抽煙, 因此, 去年死于肺癌He died of lung last year as a result of smoking17.certain be sure；be certain的用法辨析be sure /be certain意為“相信”、“確信”、“對有把握”。用法如下： “Be sure/certain of/about+名詞動名詞”。表示當事人（句子主語）的肯定看法，句子主語必須是人。如：Im sure/certain of his coming.我相信他一定來。Were certain/sure about winning the game.我們一定會贏得

22、這次比賽。 “Be sure/certain to do sth.”。指說話人的判斷或推測。句子的主語可以是人，也可以是物。如：He is sure/certain to come.他一定回來。Its sure/certain to rain tomorrow.天一定回下雨。“Be sure/certain + that-clause”。表示說話人的看法，主語必須是人。主句謂語通常為肯定式。若主句謂語為否定式，that需換成whetherr/if.如：Im sure/certain he is honest.我相信他是誠實的。Im not sure/certain whether he is

23、honest.我不敢肯定他是否誠實。 “be sure/certain + wh-clause”或“be sure/certain + 疑問詞動詞不定式”。 表示說話人的看法，主語必須是人。主句謂語常用于否定式或疑問式。如：Im not sure/certain where she lives.我不敢肯定她住哪兒。Are you sure/certain who she is?你能確信她是誰嗎？Im not sure/certain what to do next.我不知道下步該做什么。It作形式主語，將主語從句后置時，一般不用sure,而用certain.如：It is certain th

24、at he will succeed.他一定會成功的。在祈使句中，一般用be sure,而不用certain.如：Be sure to write to me as soon as you get there.你一到達那里，務必給我寫信18.pay off(1) 使人得益，有報償.（尤指冒險的計劃或行動）成功，奏效，達到目的，回報His patience and hard work finally paid off with a gold medal.他的耐心和刻苦最終使他贏得了金牌。Hard-working pays off in the long term. 長遠看，辛勤勞動最終會有好結果

25、It was a risk but it paid off. 這確實冒險，但有效果。(2) 還清Soon after he left school, he paid off all his debt.(3) （付清工資）后解雇pay sb. offThe boss paid off the employees.老板付清雇工工資后解雇了他們。(4) 付清工資They are usually paid off at weekends.他們一般在周末領工資。pay back 償還；報復I am sure that he will pay back every cent he owes you.我敢肯

26、定，他會分文不差地把欠款還給你。How can I pay you pack for all your kindness?我怎樣報答你所有的好意呢？pay for 為付錢；賠償；因受罰，因受痛苦We got to the hotel, and I paid for the taxi.我們到了旅館，我付了出租汽車費。I have to pay 150 yuan for the sewing machine.我得花150元買這臺縫紉機。He paid dearly for his mistake.他為他的錯誤付出了高昂的代價。pare vt. compare A to Bcompare A wit

27、h BHe began to compare himself with the other students. Young people are compared to the rising sun. The poet compared his lover to a rose. compared with/to 與，作狀語，可放于句首或句末 _the size of the whole world, the biggest ocean doesnt seem big. A. Compare B. when comparing C. Comparing D. When compared 20.e

28、xpress v表達，表現 express to sb, express oneself 我發覺難以表達我的感情。 她向我們致謝。 我無法用語言表達當時的感受。 他仍然不能用英語表達他的意思。 expression n 21. base n 基地，大本營，基礎She used her familys story as a base of her novel.His arguments had a good economic base. The air base was set up in 1980. base vt base sth. on/upon 建于之上；以為根據Judgment sho

29、uld be based on facts, not on hearsay.One should always base one's opinions on facts. I base my hopes on the good news we had yesterday.22.survive v vt. vi. 經歷（災難等）后還活著；在中幸存，生還下來；比長壽; Only one passenger survived the terrible car crash. 在那次可怕的撞車事故

30、中只有一個乘客生還。 Few buildings survived (after) the earthquake. 地震過后，所剩房屋寥寥無幾。 The man survived in the desert for a week on biscuits and water. 那個人依靠餅干和水在沙漠里生存了一個星期。 The lady survived her son.（The

31、 son is survived by the mother.） 那位老婦人活過了她的兒子。（即他兒子都老死了，她還活著） 用法小結： survive sth. 在某事后生存下來 survive sb. 活過某人 即時反饋練習：  1. _. 他的父母在那場事故中死亡了，但是他存活下來。  2. _ 很少人在那次劇院大火中生還。 答案： 1. His parents died in the

32、0;accident, but he survived. 2. Few people survived the big fire in the theater.Survivor nSurvial n23warning nBecause of her warning, I was careful.warn v 英語里沒有warn to do 的用法，只有warn of doing ,warn sb (not ) to do ,warn sb against sth/doing

33、sth（1）I warned you not to buy that old car . 我勸你不要買那輛舊汽車。（2）They were warned not to climb the mountain is such bad weather . 有人勸誡他們不要在這么壞的天氣去登那座山。24.once一、作副詞用 1. 表示"一次;一回",通常用在句末。如: We have been there once. 我們到過那兒一次。 I'm going to tell him once. 我將告訴他一回。 2. 表示"曾經;一度;從前",常位于系動

34、詞be之后,行為動詞之前.若表達過去有過某種經驗和經歷時,也可放在句首,作狀語。如: This film was once very popular, but nobody sees it now. 這部影片一度很受歡迎,可是現在沒有人看它了。 I once lived in the south of China. 我一度住在中國南方。 Once he worked in the factory. 他從前在那個工廠工作過。 3. 與not連用,表示"一次也不;完全不",用于否定句,若位于句首,主謂用倒裝語序。如: I couldn't once understand

35、 what he meant. 我完全不能理解他的意思。 Not once did Mr Wang mention his feeling. 王先生從來沒有提到過他的感受。 4.表示"一旦",用于條件狀語從句中。如: If you once lose confidence, you can never expect to do your work well. 如果你一旦失去信心,就別想做好工作。 二、作名詞用 表示"一次;一回",作主語或賓語.如: Once is enough for me. 我一次就夠了。 For once she was telli

36、ng the truth. 她就這一回說了真話。 三、作形容詞用 表示"曾一度的;從前的",作定語.如: This is the once capital of that nation. 這是那個國家的舊都. 四、作從屬連詞用 表示"一旦就",引導時間狀語從句,表示時間上的兩個動作或兩件事彼此緊接著發生,同時帶有條件意味。若從句中的主語與主句主語相同,且謂語中含有be時,可以省略從句的主語和be。如: Once you have taken the examination, you will be able to relax. 你一旦考完試就可以輕松一下

37、。 Once(it is)found, any mistake must be corrected. 一旦發現任何錯誤就必須加以改正。 含有once的短語 1. once upon a time表示"從前",常用于故事的開頭。如: Once upon a time there was a giant with two heads. 從前有個兩頭巨人。 2. all at once 表示"突然"。如: All at once, I remembered. 突然我記起來了。 3. at once表示"馬上;立刻"。如: You must

38、go to work at once. 你必須馬上去上班。 4. once more 表示"再一次",可用once over或once again替代。如: Would you please say it once more? 請您再說一遍好嗎? 5. once or twice 表示"幾次"。如: I made the same mistake once or twice. 同一錯誤我犯了好幾次。25.prove一、prove作"證明;證實"解時1.prove+名詞/代詞He has proved his courage in th

39、e battle.他已在作戰中證明了他的勇氣.This further proved the strength of our economy.這進一步證明了我們的經濟實力.2.prove+直接賓語(sth.)+to+間接賓語(sb.)The difficulty was how he could prove his ideas to other scientists.困難在于他怎樣向其他科學家證實他的想法.Can you prove your theory to us?你能向我們證實你的理論嗎?3.prove+賓語+賓語補足語(1)形容詞作賓語補足語They proved themselves

40、 wise and brave.他們證實自己機智、勇敢.(2)名詞作賓語補足語He has proved himself a success.他已證明了自己是個成功者.(3)動詞不定式作賓語補足語All this proved him to be an honest man.這一切都證明他是一個誠實的人.4.prove+賓語從句Can you prove where you were on May 10th?你能證實五月十日你在什么地方嗎?二、prove作"證明是;結果是;事實說明"解時,用作連系動詞,可用于以下句型: 1.prove+形容詞The handbook pro

41、ved most useful.這本手冊證明很有用.The medicine proved satisfactory.結果證明這藥療效令人滿意.2.prove+名詞She proved a very strict teacher.結果證明她是一位非常嚴格的老師.His efforts, however, proved a failure.但他的努力結果都失敗了.3.prove+介詞短語或副詞Perhaps this book will prove of some use to you in your studies.也許這本書會對你的研究有用處.4.prove+動詞不定式As time went on, Einstein's theory proved to be correct