1、松嫩平原地下水氟、砷的富集規律及影響因素研究【摘要】 本論文依托中國地質調查局東北地方病嚴重區地下水勘查及供程度安示范工程和吉林省地調局吉林省西部高氟、高砷區生態環境地球化學評價工程。松嫩平原地下水原生水質不佳,是我國地方性氟、砷中毒病區。長期以來由于水質問題導致該區地下水資源緊缺,嚴重制約了社會經濟的開展。因此,為保證區域飲程度安,合理開發利用地下水資源,開展地下水中氟、砷中毒的研究非常必要。在資料搜集、野外調查、樣品采集及測試分析的根底上,應用水文地質學、水文地球化學的根本理論和方法,借助野外調查、測試分析及數據分析技術等,結合地質、地貌特點,開展了松嫩平原地下水氟、砷的分布特征及相關的水

2、化學特征研究。在查閱大量國內外文獻的根底上,結合工程組實測數據及比照國內氟、砷中毒地區,分析了研究區地下水氟、砷的來源,歸納總結了影響兩者富集的因素,提出了典型區地下水氟、砷的富集特征進展了分析,建立了富集影響因素評價指標體系。在區域宏觀分析的根底上,選取典型地區進展地下水中氟、砷富集特征及影響因素的總結。【Abstract】 Songnen Plain is rich in groundwater resources,but the complexity of the problem of water quality,poor raw water quality,generally high

3、 fluoride area in diving is to the higher incidence of fluorosis in the world.In recent years,also found in the southwestern region of arsenic poisoning,the above-mentioned problems of water resources has fur- -ther exacerbated the contradiction between supply and demand.Therefore,for the rati- -ona

4、l development of groundwater resources and the prevention of endemic diseases,to carry out ground water fluoride,arsenic enrichment research imperative.In this paper,to participate in China established by the Board emphasized the quot;seri- -ous endemic area northeast of groundwater exploration and

5、water safety demonstration projectquot; and emphasized the Bureau of Jilin Province,quot;the western Jilin Province,high fluoride,high-arsenic geochemical evaluation of ecological environment,quot; based on the completed project.In data collection,field investigation,sample collection and testing ba

6、sed on the analysis,the application of hydro-geology,hydro-geochemistry of basic theories and methods,using analytical techniques of mathematical statistics,3S tech-nology, analysis of the Songnen Plain groundwater fluoride,arsenic distribution cha-racteristics and chemical characteristics of water,

7、combined with the project team compared the measured data and is similar to the domestic area,an analysis of the study area ground water fluoride,arsenic sources,summarized the impact of the two enrich-hment factors.Finally,select the typical area,extracted three typical fluoride,arsenic-rich charac

8、teristics and analyzed.The concentration of fluoride and arsenic in the well to explain the phenomenon,in turn,verified the rationality of argumentation in this article.Application of Kriging interpolation method,combined with geographic inform-ation systems and mapping software MapGIS6.7 software S

9、uefer8.0,rendering the Songnen Plain groundwater fluorine,arsenic distribution and its characteristics are des-cribed. Songnen Plain groundwater fluoride content in the distribution of visible ban-ding, that is,from the basin center to the edge of the basin,from the shallow dive into deep water pres

10、sure,fluorine concentration by the high prevalence of low rule.Arsenic in groundwater exceeded the phenomenon is different from the universality of excessive fluoride,only to have the special characteristics of the geological environment in some areas,and focus on the 2030m aquifers bination of geol

11、ogical,geomorphological characteristics,as compared with fluorine,arsenic concentration in different types of water chemistry characteristics, obtained with fluorine,arsenic-related chemical composition of the main water and related to each other.Found that correspond to the high-arsenic groundwater

12、 with high concentrations of total iron,re-carbonate,low sulfate concentration,and a greater Na /(Cl + SO4) ratios meq;high fluoride water chemical characteristics of clear water with high concentrations of The TDS,fluoride standards for nearly twice as much water;fluoride, arsenic concentration in

13、groundwater at the same time,compared with other types of enrichment,and there are no special features of the hydrochemistry;high F,high-As groundwater,water chemistry types mostly HCO3 type,HCO3-Cl or Cl-HCO3 type.The study area combined with the geochemical environment and high-fluorine water, the

14、 distribution of high-arsenic water location,kind of testing the use of geotechnical data to investigate the groundwater fluoride,arsenic source material is the interpretation of groundwater fluoride,arsenic concentration is the basis of with the key.Songnen Plain source of fluoride in groundwater c

15、an be divided into primary sources and secondary sources,is the primary source of rock weathering through release of fluoride,fluoride secondary sources refer to the soil and the leaching of sedimentary rocks,and carbonate analysis balance the release of fluoride.Mineral rocks of groundwater by arse

16、nic is the primary source of arsenic is also a major source;arsenic in the organism and ferromanganese nodules quality secondary enrichment,constitutes a secondary source of arsenic in groundwater,but alsoIs a direct source.Element fluorine and arsenic geochemical nature of the different elements to

17、 deter-mine the impact of two factors-rich groundwater,there is obviously different.On chec-king a large number of domestic and foreign literature on the basis of the measured data combined with the project team and contrast the domestic fluorine,arsenic poisoning areas, summarized the impact of gro

18、undwater fluoride,arsenic enrichment factor.High fluoride groundwater is in a particular geographical environment of the formation of these elements together for the natural environment,geological environment and the three types of human activities,the formation and distribution of contributions fro

19、m a variety of factors with a superposition of the control.To date,the causes of arsenic contamination of groundwater was not yet fully recognized the same conclusion,but the impact of arsenic-rich have a common understanding of certain factors,including oxidation-reduction environment and role of m

20、icrobial adsorption - desorption is a key factor.Available on groundwater fluoride,arsenic enrichment research literature and found that research is limited to spatial scales over most of the serious areas,only a portion of the article has taken over the region and non-comparative study of overweigh

21、t,but it is limited to a simple comparison of the chemical characteristics of water.In this paper,fluorine, arsenic poisoning typical Tongyu county region Taonan city and its adjacent areas and dry County as an example,in-depth comparative analysis of different regions,different aquifer fluoride and

22、 arsenic enrichment,extraction of the three typical features,in source analysis and impact factor analysis on the basis of the study area combined with the specific geological and hydrogeological conditions are analyzed.The conce- -ntration of fluoride and arsenic in the well to explain the phenomen

23、on,in turn,verify the groundwater fluoride, arsenic sources and analysis of influencing factors is reasonable pared with previous studies,this article more in-depth studies of the groundwater fluoride,arsenic sources and typical areas of concentration between the two characteristics of the rational

24、development of groundwater resources and the prevention of endemic diseases have a certain significance.Limited to the stage of project work,the study area the lack of analytical data on sediment and rock test data,water chemistry data are also weak, on some of the points argued in this article do n

25、ot fully take in the future to further validate the work of analysis【關鍵詞】 松嫩平原; 氟、砷中毒區; 地下水水化學特征; 富集規律; 影響因素松嫩平原地下水氟、砷的富集規律及影響因素研究內容提要 4-8第1章 緒論 8-141.1 選題意義 8-9 1.2.1 地下水中氟的富集規律研究 9-10 1.2.3 松嫩平原研究現狀 11-12 1.3.1 主要內容 12-13 第2章 研究區概況 14-202.1 交通位置 14-152.2 地形地貌 15-172.2.1 地形 152.2.2 地貌 15-162.2.3 與氟、砷有關的微地貌 16-172.3 氣候水文 17-182.3.1 氣候 172.3.2 水文