1、液壓、氣動一、 液壓傳動1、 理解：液壓傳動是以流體為工作介質進行能量傳遞的傳動方式。2、 組成原件1、 把機械能變換為液體（主要是油）能量（主要是壓力能）的液壓泵2 、調節、控制壓力能的液壓控制閥3、 把壓力能轉換為機械能的液壓執行器（液壓馬達、液壓缸、液壓擺動馬達）4 、傳遞壓力能和液體本身調整所必需的液壓輔件液壓系統的形式3、 部分元件規格及參數（1） 液壓泵液壓泵是液壓系統的動力元件，是靠發動機或電動機驅動，從液壓油箱中吸入油液，形成壓力油排出，送到執行元件的一種元件。分類：齒輪泵：體積較小，結構較簡單，對油的清潔度要求不嚴，價格較便宜；但泵軸受不平衡力，磨損嚴重，泄漏較大。葉片泵：分

2、為雙作用葉片泵和單作用葉片泵。這種泵流量均勻、運轉平穩、噪音小、作壓力和容積效率比齒輪泵高、結構比齒輪泵復雜。柱塞泵：容積效率高、泄漏小、可在高壓下工作、大多用於大功率液壓系統；但結構復雜，材料和加工精度要求高、價格貴、對油的清潔度要求高。一般在齒輪泵和葉片泵不能滿足要求時才用柱塞泵。還有一些其他形式的液壓泵，如螺桿泵等，但應用不如上述3種普遍。適用工況和應用舉例【KCB/2CY型齒輪油泵】工作原理：2CY、KCB齒輪式輸油泵在泵體中裝有一對回轉齒輪，一個主動，一個被動，依靠兩齒輪的相互嚙合，把泵內的整個工作腔分兩個獨立的部分。A為入吸腔，B為排出腔。泵運轉時主動齒輪帶動被動齒輪旋轉，當齒化從

3、嚙合到脫開時在吸入側(A)就形成局部真空，液體被吸入。被吸入的液體充滿齒輪的各個齒谷而帶到排出側(B)，齒輪進入嚙合時液體被擠出，形成高壓液體并經泵的排出口排出泵外。KCB/2Y型齒輪油泵型號參數和安裝尺寸如下：【KCB/2CY型齒輪油泵】性能參數：型號規格電機功率(KW)轉速(r/min)流量(L/min)排出壓力(MPa/cm2)允許吸上真空泵(m)進出口徑KCB18.3(2CY-1.1/14.5-2)1.5140018.31.4553/4"KCB33.3(2CY-2/14.5-2)2.2142033.31.4553/4"KCB55(2CY-3.3/3.3-2)1.51

4、400550.3351"KCB55(2CY-3.3/3.5-2)2.21420550.551"KCB83.3(2CY-5/3-2)2.2142083.30.3351.5"KCB83.3(2CY-5/5-2)3142083.30.551.5"KCB200(2CY-8/3.3-2)414402000.3352"KCB200(2CY-12/1.3-2)414402000.1352"KCB200(2CY-12/3.3-2)5.514402000.3352"KCB200(2CY-12/6-2)5.514402000.6052"

5、;KCB200(2CY-12/10-2)7.514402001.0052"KCB300(2CY-18/3.6-2)5.59603000.3653"KCB300(2CY-18/6-2)7.514403000.653"KCB483.3(2CY-29-3.6-2)7.51440483.30.3653"KCB483.3(2CY-29-10-2)11970483.31.0053"KCB633(2CY-38/2.8-2)1110006330.2854"KCB633(2CY-38/8-2)2210006330.854"KCB960(2CY

6、-60/3-2)18.514509600.354"KCB960(2CY-60-6-2)3014509600.654"KCB2000(2CY-120/3-2)3075020000.356"KCB2500(2CY-150/3-2)3775025000.356"【KCB/2CY型齒輪油泵】安裝尺寸圖： KCB18.383.3與2CY1.15安裝尺寸圖 型號電動機ABCDEG"L型號功率KCB18.3-2Y-90L-41.5583300230130793/4"230KCB33.3-2Y-100L1-42.2618325285140793/4&

7、quot;250KCB55-2Y-90L-41.558830023013086.51"230KCB83.3-2Y-100L1-42.2658325285140993/2"250KCB200960與2CY8150安裝尺寸圖 型號LL1L2L3HH1H2BB1B2B3KCB-300855690470100413188230410370315210KCB-483.3855690470100413188230410370315210KCB-200800655450116315182220380340250210KCB-63311168985701635102103054403902

8、80237KCB-9601156941600176555210305460410280237雙聯葉片泵型號參數:雙聯葉片泵（兩個單級泵并聯組成，有多種規格）型號識別說明YYBAA616BDUOJY2結構代號系列號后泵幾何排量ml/r前泵集合排量ml/r壓力分級Mpa旋向(從軸端看) D:順時針S:逆時針油口位置安裝方式 J:腳架 F:法蘭 設計號以下為YYBAA型型號理論排量ml/r輸出流量L/min驅動功率kw轉速r/min后泵前泵后泵前泵后泵前泵額定最低最高YYB1-AA6/6B-Y26.56.54.04.01.01.010008002000YYB1-AA6/

9、9B-Y2 6.59.14.09.11.01.310008002000YYB1-AA9/9B-Y29.19.16.96.31.31.310006002000YYB1-AA6/14B-Y26.514.54.011.91.02.110008002000YYB1-AA9/14B-Y2 9.114.56.911.91.32.110006002000YYB1-AA14/14B-Y214.514.511.911.92.12.110006002000YYB1-AA6/16B-Y26.516.34.013.71.02.410008001800YYB1-AA9/16B-Y29.116.36.

10、913.71.32.410006001800YYB1-AA14/16B-Y214.516.311.913.72.12.410006001800YYB1-AA16/16B-Y216.316.313.713.72.42.410006001800YYB1-AA6/26B-Y26.526.14.022.51.03.810008001800YYB1-AA9/26B-Y29.126.16.922.51.33.810006001800YYB1-AA14/26B-Y214.526.111.922.52.13.810006001800YYB1-AA16/26B-Y216.326.113.722.52.43.81

11、0006001800YYB1-AA26/26B-Y2 26.126.122.522.53.83.810008001800YYB1-AA6/36B-Y2 6.535.94.030.91.05.210008001500YYB1-AA9/36B-Y2 9.135.96.930.91.35.210006001500YYB1-AA14/36B-Y2 14.535.911.93092.15.210006001500YYB1-AA16/36B-Y2 16.335.913.730.92.45.210006001500YYB1-AA26/36B-Y2 

12、26.135.922.530.93.85.210006001500YYB1-AA36/36B-Y235.935.930.930.95.25.210006001500YYBAB型型號理論排量ml/r輸出流量L/min驅動功率kw轉速r/min后泵前泵后泵前泵后泵前泵額定最低最高YYB-AB6/48B 6.548.34.042.71.06.710006001500YYB-AB9/48B 9.14836.942.71.36.710006001500YYB-AB14/48B 14.548.311.942.72.16.710006001500YYB-AB16/48B 16.348.313.742.72.

13、46.710006001500YYB-AB26/48B 26.148.322.542.73.86.710006001500YYB-AB36/48B 35.948.330.942.75.26.710006001500YYB-AB6/60B 6.561.04.053.91.08.710006001500YYB-AB9/60B 9.161.06.953.91.38.710006001500YYB-AB14/60B 14.561.011.953.92.18.710006001500YYB-AB16/60B 16.361.013.7539248.710006001500YYB-AB26/60B 26.1

14、61.022.553.93.88.710006001500YYB-AB36/60B 35.961.030.953.95.28.710006001500YYB-AB6/74B 6.574.84.066.11.010.710006001500YYB-AB9/74B 9.174.86.966.11.310.710006001500YYB-AB14/74B 14.574.811.966.12.110.710006001500YYB-AB16/74B 16.374.813.766.12.410.710006001500YYB-AB26/74B 26.174.822.566.13.810.71000600

15、1500YYB-AB36/74B 35.974.830.966.15.210.710006001500YYB-AB6/92B 6.593.54.083.51.013.410006001200YYB-AB9/92B 9.193.56.983.51.313.410006001200YYB-AB14/92B 14.593.511.983.52.113.410006001200YYB-AB16/92B 16.393.513.783.52.413.410006001200YYB-AB26/92B 26.193.522.583.53.813.410006001200YYB-AB36/92B 35.993.

16、530.983.55.213.410006001200YYB-AB6/113B 6.5115.44.0102.81.016.510006001200YYB-AB9/113B 9.1115.46.9102.81.316.510006001200YYB-AB14/113B 14.5115.411.9102.82.116.510006001200YYB-AB16/113B 16.3115.413.7102.82.416.510006001200YYB-AB26/113B 26.1115.422.1102.83.816.510006001200YYB-AB36/113B 35.9115.430.910

17、2.85.216.510006001200液壓泵的主要技術參數和計算公式參數名稱單位計算公式符號說明流量L/minq0=V·nq=V·n·V排量（mL/r）n轉速（r/min） q0理論流量（L/min） q實際流量（L/min）輸入功率KWPi=2Tn/600Pi輸入功率（kW） T轉矩（N·m）輸出功率KWP0=pq/60P0輸出功率（kW） p輸出壓力（MPa）容積效率%0容積效率（%）機械效率%m機械效率（%總效率%總效率（%）(2)液壓馬達：是把液體的壓力能轉換為機械能的裝置分類：1、按照額定轉速選擇：分

18、為高度和低速兩大類，高速液壓馬達的基本形式有齒輪式、螺桿式、葉片式和軸向柱塞式等，高速液壓馬達主要具有轉速較高，轉動慣性小，便于啟動和制動，調速和換向的靈敏度高。低速液壓馬達的基本形式為徑向柱塞式，主要具有排量大、體積大、轉速低、傳動機構較簡化。         2、按照結構類型選擇：分為葉片式、軸向柱塞式、擺動式等。葉片馬達具有體積小、轉動慣性小、動作靈敏、可以實現換向頻率高，但泄漏較大，不能低速工作。軸向柱塞馬達具有輸出扭矩小。常用液壓馬達的主要技術參數適用工況和應用實例：1、XHM液壓馬達型號與參數. 馬達結構及外形示

19、意：技術選型參數：規格型號排量壓力(MPa)扭矩(N.m)轉速范圍重量(kg)額定最高額定單位XHM1XHM1-636425322259.015150020XHM1-8078253230012151250XHM1-10096253235014151000XHM1-125126202538019151000XHM1-160159202547223151000XHM2XHM2-10011325324201815125027XHM2-150159253262025151000XHM2-175180202552628151000XHM2-2002062025600328800XHM2-25023516

20、20607408630XHM2-2802761620670448500XHM3XHM3-1751812532710288100035XHM3-2002012532800328800XHM3-2502542532949408630XHM3-3002892025864446500XHM-35034020251040556400XHM3-4003801620949636400XHM6XHM6-4003972532148363563057.5XHM6-45045225321638725630XHM6-50049120251463785500XHM6-60059420251775944500XHM6-7

21、00683162016331034400XHM6-750754162017601104320XHM11XHM11-70068225322667114440094XHM11-800782253229591204400XHM11-900894253234801404400XHM11-1000981202529471583320XHM11-11001104202533361773320XHM11-12001234202535121873320XHM1-13001301162030801973250XHM16XHM16-14001413253251382102400170XHM16-160016482

22、02561582622400XHM16-18001814202554332832320XHM16-20002034202560303232320XHM16-24002267162057633602250XHM31XHM31-25002553253295234052250298XHM31-280026832532105594431200XHM31-30003063202591354851200XHM31-31503218202593925001200XHM31-350034622025102205441160XHM31-400041522025124816651160XHM31-50004828

23、1620123878251160規格型號排量壓力(MPa)扭矩(N.m)轉速范圍重量(kg)額定最高額定單位XHM40XHM40-30003063202591354851240420XHM40-32003218202593925001240XHM40-350034622025102205441240XHM40-400041552025124816651230XHM40-450045242025135087201220XHM40-500049882025159007951200XHM40-550055012025174908751180XHM40-630063112025190809541160

24、2、XHS液壓馬達結構及外形示意：技術選型：規格型號排量ml/r壓力(MPa)扭矩(N.m)轉速r/min重量(kg)額定尖峰額定單位連續最高XHS05-605925452359.41-700100022XHS05-75742542.529511.81-7001000XHS05-90862537.534313.71-7001000XHS05-110115254045818.31-650900XHS05-1301292537.551320.51-650900XHS05-1501512532.5600241-650900XHS05-1701662532.566026.41-600800XHS05-

25、200191252876030.41-600800XHS1-100992542.538515.41-550100031XHS1-1501542540600241-5501000XHS1-1751722537.567026.81-550900XHS1-200201253578531.41-550800XHS1-2502432535950381-450700XHS1-3002902530113045.21-350650XHS1-32031425281225491-350600XHS2-2001922542.5750300.7-55080051XHS2-2502512542.598039.20.7-

26、550800XHS2-3003042540118847.50.7-500750XHS2-3503472537.5135554.20.7-500750XHS2-4204252535165866.30.7-450750XHS2-5004932535192376.90.7-450700XHS2-6005652530220888.30.7-450700XHS2-6206232528243397.30.7-400650XHS3-4254262542.5166066.40.5-50065087XHS3-5004862542.5189575.80.5-450600XHS3-6005952540232092.

27、80.5-450575XHS3-700690253527001080.5-400500XHS3-800792253531001240.5-400500XHS3-900873253534001360.5-350400XHS3-1000987252838501540.5-300350XHS4-6006162540240396.10.4-400550120XHS4-800793254031001240.4-350550120XHS4-9009042537.535251410.4-325450XHS4-10001022253540001600.4-300400XHS4-1100111625354350

28、1740.4-275400XHS4-13001316252851252050.4-225350XHS5-8008072542.531501260.3-325450175XHS5-100010392542.540501620.3-300450XHS5-12001185254046251850.3-300400XHS5-13001340254052252090.3-300400XHS5-145014622537.557002280.3-275350XHS5-160016432537.563502540.3-250300XHS5-18001816253570752830.3-250300XHS5-2

29、0002007253578253130.3-200250XHS6-17001690254566002640.2-250400275XHS6-21002127254083003320.2-225350XHS6-250025132537.598003920.2-200300XHS6-300030412535118754750.2-175250XHS7-20002007253279753190.3-350450340XHS7-250025262532100504020.3-250350XHS7-300029852532118774750.3-200300XHS7-330032902532130755

30、230.3-200275XHS7-360036112532143505740.3-175250XHS7-430042982532171006840.3-175225液壓缸液壓缸是將液壓能轉變為機械能的、做直線往復運動（或擺動運動）的液壓執行元件。它結構簡單、工作可靠。用它來實現往復運動時，可免去減速裝置，并且沒有傳動間隙，運動平穩，因此在各種機械的液壓系統中得到廣泛應用。液壓缸輸出力和活塞有效面積及其兩邊的壓差成正比；液壓缸基本上由缸筒和缸蓋、活塞和活塞桿、密封裝置、緩沖裝置與排氣裝置組成。緩沖裝置與排氣裝置視具體應用場合而定，其他裝置則必不可少。液壓缸的類型和特點類型速度作用力特點單作用液壓

31、缸雙活塞桿液壓缸U=q/A3F=p1A1活塞的兩側都裝有活塞桿，只能向活塞一側供給壓力油，由外力使活塞反向運動單活塞桿液壓缸U=q/A3F1=p1A1活塞僅單向運動，返回行程利用自重或負荷將活塞推回柱塞式液壓缸U=q/A3F1=p1A1柱塞僅單向運動，由外力使柱塞反向運動差動液壓缸U3=q/A3F3=p1A1可使速度加快，但作用力相應減小伸縮液壓缸-以短缸獲得長行程；缸由大到小逐節推出，靠外力由小到大逐節縮回雙作用液壓缸雙活塞桿液壓缸U1=q/A3U2=q/A2F1=（p1-p2）A1F2=（p2-p1）A2雙邊有桿，雙向液壓驅動，雙向推力和速度均相等單活塞桿液壓缸U1=q/A3U2=q/A2

32、F1=（p1-p2）A1F2=（p2-p1）A2單邊有桿，雙向液壓驅動，u1V U2，F1F2伸縮液壓缸-雙向液壓驅動，由大到小逐節推出，由小到大逐節縮回組合液壓缸彈簧復位液壓缸-單向由液壓驅動，回程彈簧復位串聯液壓缸U1=q/（A1+A2）U2=q2A2F1=p1（A1-A2）-2qA2F1=2p2A2-A2-q1（A1+A2）用于缸的直徑受限制，而長度不受限制處，可獲得在的推力增 壓 缸-由活塞缸和柱塞缸組合而成，低壓油送入A腔，B腔輸出高壓油齒條液壓缸-活塞的移動通過傳動機構變成齒輪的往復回轉運動擺動液壓缸單葉片液壓缸W=8q/（b（ D2-d2）T=p（D2-d2）b/8把液壓能變為回

33、轉的機械能，輸出軸擺動角 < 300度雙葉片液壓缸W=4q/（b（D2-d2）T=p（D2-d2）b/4把液壓能變為回轉的機械能，輸出軸擺動角 < 150度注：b葉片寬度；D葉片的底端 、頂端直徑；w葉片軸的角速度；T- 理論轉矩液壓油缸介紹以及安裝尺寸標準HS01·210L 系列拉桿液壓缸 SD（基本型）    代號 缸徑ABBDDDEEETGFHJKKKLMMPWYFA型其它40301740M12×1.570ZG3/850138104732M20×1.56422173015650351846M14×

34、1.585ZG1/262158135237M24×1.56828193017263452055M16×1.5100ZG1/274186125737M30×1.57535193518780602565M20×1.5125ZG3/4922410106742M39×1.585452235218100752980M24×1.5160ZG3/4120267126742M48×1.595552240230125953595M30×1.5190ZG1140336107752M64×2105702745267140110

35、38105M33×1.5215ZG1160366117752M72×211080275027516012042120M36×1.5240ZG1180415108051M80×2132902755304 SD（雙出桿基本型）    代號  缸徑ABBDDDEEETGFZMJLZKKLMMPW40301740M12×1.570ZG3/8501324447154M20×1.56422173050351846M14×1.585ZG1/2621526252172M24×1.568281

36、93063452055M16×1.5100ZG1/2741829557185M30×1.57535193580602565M20×1.5125ZG3/4922433767217M39×1.585452235100752980M24×1.5160ZG3/41202636167231M48×1.595552240125953595M30×1.5190ZG11403341577275M64×210570274514011038105M33×1.5215ZG11603643677286M72×21108

37、0275016012042120M36×1.5240ZG11804148480316M80×2132902755 LA（切向腳架）  代號 缸徑AABACAEAHALEEAMAOHASATKKKLMMSAUAYLWFA型其它403011597742±0.1531ZG3/816168109815M20×1.53222111122156305035146397.555±0.1534ZG1/2191881311820M24×1.53728120145172306345187111363±0.1539ZG1/21

38、91861214025M30×1.537351321751873580602280137.575±0.2546ZG3/42121101017530M39×1.542451522102183510075268916585±0.2544ZG3/4242371221535M48×1.54755162260235401259533106200105±0.2549ZG1292861027045M64×257701823302724514011033114219.5112±0.2549ZG1292861128045M72×257801873352805016012036127245125±0.2549ZG1313151031550M80×2629021237531555二、 氣動氣動是利用撞擊作用或轉動作用產生的空氣壓力使其運動或作功，氣動就是以壓縮空氣為動力源，