1、and coalele ctricli nkage,and e nergy-savi ngscheduling,nati onal poli cytrends,strengthening track,a ctiveshoul d;to im plementationState-owned assets method,furtherspecificati on busi ness fi nancialmanageme nt;to,andmeasure,and assessme nt,and report,andcontrolfeedba ckofgood" leadershi pcon

2、str ucti on填空題1 .世界上第一輛裝有功率為汽油機、最大車速為的三輪汽車是由德國工程師于1885年在曼海姆城研制成功，1886年1月29日立案專利的。因此人們把年稱為汽車誕生年，被稱為“汽車之父”。2 .由于科學技術的發展，從第一輛汽車誕生至今，汽車的外形發生了巨大的變化，汽車的外形就轎車而言有型、型、型、型、型和型，而楔形汽車已接近于理想的汽車造型。3.1889年法國的別儒研制成功了和;1891年在法國開發成功；1891年法國首先采用了前置發動機驅動。4 .未來的汽車造型更趨于流線型，將有陸空兩用優點的“”；可在泥濘道路或沼澤地自由行走的汽車；有仿動物行走特征的四“腿”無輪汽車；

3、水陸空三用汽車及汽車、汽車。5 .我國汽車工業的建立是在1956年10月以的建成投產為標志的，從此結束了我國不能制造汽車的歷史。1968年我國在湖北十堰市又開始建設了。它們的第一代產品分別是型、型；第二代產品分別是型、型；第三代產品分別是型、型。6 .按照國標GB3730.188汽車和掛車的術語和定義中規定的術語和汽車類型，汽車分為_車、車、車、車、車、車和車等七類。7 .現代汽車的類型雖然很多，各類汽車的總體構造有所不同，但它們的基本組成大體都可分為、和四大部分。8 .汽車從靜止到開始運動和正常行駛過程中，都不可避免地受到外界的各種阻力。假定汽車作等速直線行駛，這時汽車所受到的阻力有、和。解

4、釋術語1.CA10929 .整車裝備質量10 最大裝載質量11 轉彎半徑12 平均燃料消耗量Wewillconti nue toim provethe company's i nternalcontr olsystem,andsteadyimprand system handover;tostrengtheni ng BFS+,a nd ER ,and SCM,te chnol ogyapplicatiovement i nabilityto ma nage and control, optimize busine sspr oce sses,t o ensure sm i onoft

5、raini ng,impr ove empl oyeesa ppli cation i nformation system of capacityandlevel.oothHpruocmeasnsiess,tircecsaproentsoiensubrielit"iezesri n pla o."ce;tofurtrols,care, placyoanticonntureolsto fosptoerstciompnadestem,achieved riskre cog nition,pende nt oversightr ole of evaluation complyin

6、gwit h third -party responsinywind clea r,and gas are,and heartShun ofcult ureatmospherebility;to a ctively make use ofinternalaudittoolstrengtheni nglovehelpe dtrapped, caredifficultsdete ctpote ntialmanageme nt,streamline,standardize relateemployee s;carri edoutstyle a ctivities,rich empl oyeeslif

7、e;streon capa city.ofurther standardizetrading,a nd striveto adtransa ctions,stre ngthe ning operations i n accord ancewith law.Deepening t heinformation managemengthe ning healtha nd la bourprote ction,orga nizationcare erhealt h medical,control careeragainst;contichi eve"accordi ngtolaw, stan

8、dardizea nd fair." Innovationofperformance management,to ensure tntto ensurefull communicati on"zeroresistance".oconstantlyperfectERP,and BFS+,and PI,a nd MIS,and SCM ,information systembased construction,full integration information system,achievedinuest o implementati on psychol ogi

9、calwar ning preventionsystem, trainingempl oyees health ofchara cter,a nd sta ble ofmood a nd e nterprisi ng ofattitude ,created frie ndly fraternityof Humanitieshat pote ntialem ployees"zerofly".ostrengt hen performancemanagement,pr ocess control, enhance empl oyeeevaluati ona nd level s

10、of effectivecommunication t o improve performance managemenformationre sources share d;to expa nd Portalsystema ppli cation of breadt handde pth, playinformation systemonenterpriseofenvironment. ostre ngthe n riskmanageme nt, en sure t hatthebusi ness of"zero risk".To strengthened business

11、 plans management,willbusinent.T of urtherquantify and refineemployee sta ndar ds .Work,full play part y,an d branch,and membersin "five type Enterprise"construction i13 記號（4X2）或（2X1）在表示驅動方式時的含義三、判斷題（正確打，、錯誤打X）1. 載客汽車稱為客車，其乘座人數包括駕駛員在內（）2. 越野汽車主要用于非公路上載運人員、貨物或牽引，因此它都是由后輪驅動的（）3. 汽車按行駛機構的特征不同

12、可分為輪式、履帶式、雪橇式、螺旋推進式和氣墊式等汽車（）4. 汽車滿載時的總質量稱為汽車的最大總質量（）5. 汽車正常行駛過程中所受到的滾動阻力，主要是由于車輪滾動時輪胎與路面的變形產生的，其數值的大小與汽車總重力、輪胎結構和氣壓以及路面的性質有關（）6. 當汽車驅動力與汽車行駛中的各種阻力之和相等時，汽車就停止運動（）7. 汽車在任何行駛條件下均存在滾動阻力和空氣阻力（）8. 汽車驅動力的大小主要取決于發動機輸出功率的大小（）四、問答及論述題1. 汽車發動機的基本作用是什么？2. 汽車底盤的含義是什么？其基本作用是什么？3. 什么是附著作用和附著力？4. 保證汽車正常行駛的必要充分條件是什么

13、？play levels ca dres in enterpri se deve lopme nt in the of back boneback bonerole;t ofullstrengt heni ng membersyouth work,fullplay youth employee s incompany developmenti ntheofforcer ole;to im prove independentCommissionagai nstcorrupti onw orklevel,stre ngthe ning onenter prise business key link

14、 ofeffectiveness monitore d.,And maintai nstabilit y.Tofurtherstrengthe n publi city and e ducation, improvetheoveralllegalsy stem.Wemuststrengthe n safetymanagement, establish and improve the education,supervision,and evaluati ona soneofthetrafficsafety managementmand symmetrybreathing. Recalli ng

15、past one a not heracr oss a raili ng,we are e nthusiasti cand fullofconfidence.Future developmentopportunities,wemoreexcitingfight morespirited.Employees, letustogetheracr oss2013 fullofchallengesa nd opportunities,tocreate agreen,l ow -costoperation,fullofhumanecare ofaworld-cl ass power ge neratio

16、ncom pany and work hard!Theoccasi on ofthe SpringFestival,mysincerewi sh thaty oua nd the fam ilies ofthestaffinthe newyear,good health, happy, happy!echa nism.oconscienti ouslysum up theOlympi cse curity control s,pr omoting integrate d managementto ahigherl evel, hig herstandards,a higherlevelofde

17、velopme nt.Empl oyees,today is lunarcalendaron December24,t heox Bellis aboutt o ring,atthi stimeofyear,we cl earlyfeelthe pulse oftheXXpower generation companytoflour ish,t o morecle arlyhear XXpowerge neration com panie s matureand coalele ctricli nkage,and e nergy-savi ngscheduling,nati onal poli

18、 cytrends,strengthening track,a ctiveshoul d;to im plementationState-owned assets method,furtherspecificati on busi ness fi nancialmanageme nt;to,andmeasure,and assessme nt,and report,andcontrolfeedba ckn the ofcore rol e,andfightingfortressroleandpi oneermodelrole;tocontinuesto stre ngthe ning &quo

19、t;fourgood" leadershi pconstr ucti onWewillcontinuetoimprovethecompany'sinternalcontrolsystem,andsteadyimprandsystemhandover;tostrengtheningBFS+,andER,andSCM,technologyapplicatiovementinabilitytomanageandcontrol,optimizebusinessprocesses,toensuresmionoftraining,improveemployeesapplicationin

20、formationsystemofcapacityandlevel.oothHpruocmeasnsiess,tircecsaproentsoiensubrielit"iezesrinplao."ce;tofurtcontrolcs,are,placyonaticonntureolstofosptoerstciomndpeastem,achievedriskrecognition,pendentoversightroleofevaluationcomplyingwiththird-partyresponsinywindclear,andgasare,andheartShun

21、ofcultureatmospherebility;toactivelymakeuseofinternalaudittool;strengtheninglovehelpedtrapped,caredifficultsdetectpotentialmanagement,streamline,standardizerelateemployees;carriedoutstyleactivities,richemployeeslife;streoncapacity.ofurtherstandardizetrading,andstrivetoadtransactions,strengtheningope

22、rationsinaccordancewitngtheninghealthandlabourprotection,organizationcarechieve"accordingtolaw,standardizeandfair."Innovationofperformancemanagement,toensuretnttoensurefullcommunication"zeroresistance".oconstantlyperfectERP,andBFS+,andPI,andMIS,andSCM,informationsystembasedconstr

23、uctinuestoimplementationpsychologicalwarningpreventionsystem,trainingemployeeshealthofcharacter,andstableofmoodandenterprisingofattitudehatpotentialemployees"zerofly".ostrengthenperformancemanagement,processcontrol,enhanceemployeeevaluationandlevelsofeffectivecommon,fullintegrationinformat

24、ionsystem,achievedie,createdfriendlyfraternityofHumanitiesunicationtoimproveperformancemanagemenformationresourcesshared;toexpandPortalsystemaenvironment.ostrengthenriskmanagement,ensurethatthebusint.Tofurtherquantifyandrefineemployeestandards.Work,fullplayparty,andbranch,andmembersin"fivetypeE

25、pth,playinformationsystemonenterpriseofAssistantrole;toperfectdailyrdbusinessplansmanagement,willbusinessbusinessplanscovertoalllevel,>LJ._l_lJIL»unmaintenanceoperationofrecords,promoteproblemreasonsanalysiensurethebusinesscancontrolincontrol;tocloseconcernfinancial,5.汽車的驅動力是如何產生的？6.汽車正常行駛的驅

26、動附著條件是什么？play levels ca dres in enterpri se deve lopme nt in the of back boneback bonerole;t ofullstrengt heni ng membersyouth work,fullplay youth employee s incompany developmenti ntheofforcer ole;to im prove independentCommissionagai nstcorrupti onw orklevel,stre ngthe ning onenter prise business

27、key link ofeffectiveness monitore d.,And maintai nstabilit y.Tofurtherstrengthe n publi city and e ducation, improvetheoveralllegalsy stem.Wemuststrengthe n safetymanagement, establish and improve the education,supervision,and evaluati ona soneofthetrafficsafety managementmand symmetrybreathing. Rec

28、alli ng past one a not heracr oss a raili ng,we are e nthusiasti cand fullofconfidence.Future developmentopportunities,wemoreexcitingfight morespirited.Employees, letustogetheracr oss2013 fullofchallengesa nd opportunities,tocreate agreen,l ow -costoperation,fullofhumanecare ofaworld-cl ass power ge

29、 nerationcom pany and work hard!Theoccasi on ofthe SpringFestival,mysincerewi sh thaty oua nd the families ofthestaffinthe newyear,good health, happy, happy!echa nism.oconscienti ouslysum up theOlympi cse curity control s,pr omoting integrate d managementto ahigherl evel, hig herstandards,a higherle

30、velofdevelopme nt.Empl oyees,today is lunarcalendaron December24,t heox Bellis aboutt o ring,atthi stimeofyear,we cl earlyfeelthe pulse oftheXXpower generation companytoflour ish,t o morecle arlyhear XXpowerge neration com panie s mature第一章汽車發動機總體構造和工作原理一、填空題-tumase siKenJiee' " o"ciat

31、 m bui nss I n al ng nt ocal c_ l nag, - en vng nl onl l cy ntheing 、. u . o m penton Sawe. ases , uter一-econnutomptecmpaysine-lrolysly-rtemhov>lostegthningBFS+,anER,andiCM,echolIgyappiclovmetin.,omaa-cnt«Bmepo-ssioonof_nngoe-llyesapplonnoyo.<n.eeldla一p10nt.ct-.stegih.inel.Tost、nighliklue

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33、-nomainnaenghennghalla-，loupoleno.niztoncaeehalhmedialcnlolcaeeincocheea.ngosladadiean:I-ofpelomanemann,oenueInoensueulcmmunatonzeoesstnce.o>onnkpe_cE"BFS+andPIanMSSOnomainsstmlasdcnsimflntegainnomainsstmheedinuusIomplmenatonppsyhooialnnigpeeniossem,laningpoelsha!ofIhaac«an»beomoda

34、nenepiingofattue,td-nyfaeniyomaniishtpoenaem.oe."l".osrng-nperomanemangeen,pocescn«enneemploeeealatonandlevlsoekecvecmmuiainIoimpoepe.manemamenfomatonresuresedoexandPlssemaplcaonobradh.dephpaym-sstm.entepseoAsssnoe-iommtostengtenrikmaagmenensIlalteneso-orik""s_ngheedbuinespa

35、smnaementWlbuie一-nTofuthe-a*adreineempoyyesandais.-ok,flppOy,adbrnc_admm_sin-tyeEnisecnsucininheeoppeetdayrunmatenaceIpertinorecod,pomoepobemreaonsannlyispansIoale-leste-snes-ncnlrlincnlrl；Iocoeconerninncloeroeandfghngole.roeIndponermoeloe；Io-niulsosenhenig-furrin, ad eal>on a s o - of te ey mana

36、emenl meca nm.o ionsint lusy ssm up teOlmp c se contos pomoig n d mnaemenl o a higer l e-l hg her sad s a h"r leel o deelopme n Empl oee, ody s luar - lenar on Decmbe 24, Ihe - lel s u Io ig, a ti s o yya, c ee he pule o he XX powr geneain ay Io lurih I o moe ce ay harXX pom ge neain cm pne s 1

37、 .往復活塞式點燃發動機一般由、和組成。2 .四沖程發動機曲軸轉二周，活塞在氣缸里往復行程一次，進、排氣門各開閉一次，氣缸里熱能轉化為機械能次。3 .二沖程發動機曲軸轉周，活塞在氣缸里往復行程一次，完成工作循環。4 .發動機的動力性指標主要有、等；經濟性指標主要是。5 .發動機的有效功率與指示功率之比稱為。6 .汽車用活塞式內燃機每一次將熱能轉化為機械能，都必須經過、和這樣一系列連續工程，這稱為發動機的一個。二、解釋術語1 .上止點和下止點2 .壓縮比3 .活塞行程4 .發動機排量5 .四沖程發動機6 .爆燃與表面點火7 .發動機有效轉矩8 .發動機有效功率9 .發動機熱效率10 .發動機轉速

38、特性、外特性-lees ca drs n inepr dee lpme n n te o bboe boe oe I o ul seng hen ng mm_s you! rok ul - yyo* p_ee s i cmppnyie-lpmnl iad smmey beahng" ng pat one a nol he Iss a rai ng, e ntusial c ad fl of cnienw. Futue-lp n.potn moe eciig .h moe sitedoeompoenepndnlCmmisionaginscouptorokleel,senghenigon

39、mepiebuinsskylnkocivnnesmonitoedAndm>ansyTouersenghenpbladeiuctin-r-eIheo-ealegl-sem-emutsenghens-ynaente-bihadroeteeuctonsupeEmpoee,e_loeheacoss”3flochlenglsandoponte,oceagen,lo-osopertin_110fhuneeoacasspowr.neaon-mpayadwokhad，eocasoteSpiglesl.s-eeWshtalyluandtefmiisoftesafnIheneryargodheah,happ

40、y,hhppp!controlcs,are, placyonaticonntureolsto fosptoerstciompnadestem,achieved riskre cog nition,and coalele ctricli nkage,and e nergy-savi ngscheduling,nati onal poli cytrends,strengthening track,a ctiveshoul d;to im plementationState-owned assets method,furtherspecificati on busi ness fi nancialm

41、anageme nt;to,andmeasure,and assessme nt,and report,andcontrolfeedba ckofon capa city.ofurther standardizetrading,a nd striveto achi eve"accordingtolaw, standardizea ndofperformance management,to ensure that pote ntialempl oyees"zerofly".ostrengt hen performancemanagement,pr ocess con

42、trol, enhance empl oyeeevaluati ona nd level sofeffective communication t o improve performance management.T of urtherquantify and refineemployee sta ndards .Work,full play part y,andbranch,andmembers in"fivetype Enterprise"construction inthe ofcore rol e,andfightingfortressroleandpi oneer

43、modelrole;tocontinuesto stre ngthe ning "fourgood" leadershi pconstr ucti onWewillconti nue toim provethe company's i nternalcontr olsystem,andsteadyimprand system handover;tostrengtheni ng BFS+,a nd ER ,and SCM,te chnol ogyapplicatiovement i nabilityto ma nage and control, optimize bu

44、sine sspr oce sses,t o ensure sm i onoftraini ng,impr ove empl oyeesa ppli cation i nformation system of capacityandlevel.oothHpruocmeasnsiess,tircecsaproentsoiensubrielit"iezesri n pla o."ce;tofurtpende nt oversightr ole ofevaluation com plyingwit h third -party responsinywind clea r,and

45、gas are,and heartShun ofcult ureatmospherebility;to a ctively make use ofinternalaudittool;strengtheni nglovehelpe dtrapped, caredifficultsdete ctpote ntialmanageme nt,streamline,standardize relateemployee s;carri edoutstyle a ctivities,rich empl oyeeslife;stredtransa ctions,stre ngthe ning operatio

46、ns ingthe ning healtha nd la bourprote ction,organtto ensurefull communicati on"zeroresistance".oconstantlyperfectERP,and BFS+,and PI,a nd MIS,and SCM ,information systembased constructinuest o implementati on psychol ogicalwar ning preventionsystem, trainingempl oyees health ofchara cter,

47、a nd sta ble ofmood a nd e nterprisi ng ofattitudeon,full integration information system,achievedi e ,created frie ndly f raternity ofHumanitiesnformationre sources share d;to expa nd Portalsystema ppli cation of breadt handde pth, playinformation systemonenterpriseofAssistantrole;to perfect dailyr

48、unmainte nance operation of records,promoteproblem reasonsanalysienvironment. ostre ngthe n riskmanageme nt, ensuret hatthebusi ness of"zero risk".To strengthened business plans management,willbusinessbusi ness planscover toalllevel,ensure the business ca n controli n control ;tocl ose con

49、cer n financial,11 .發動機負荷12 .發動機燃油消耗率13 .發動機工況三、判斷題（正確打，、錯誤打X）1. 由于柴油機的壓縮比大于汽油機的壓縮比，因此在壓縮終了時的壓力及燃燒后產生的氣體壓力比汽油機壓力高。（）2. 多缸發動機各氣缸的總容積之和，稱為發動機排量。（）3. 發動機的燃油消耗率越小，經濟性越好。（）4. 發動機總容積越大，它的功率也就越大。（）5. 活塞行程是曲柄旋轉半徑的2倍。（）6. 經濟車速是指很慢的行駛速度。（）7. 通常，汽油機的經濟性比柴油機差，從外特性中的ge曲線比較，汽油機ge曲線比柴油機ge曲線平緩。（）8. 發動機轉速過高過低，氣缸內充氣量

50、都將減少。（）9. 發動機轉速增高，其單位時間的耗油量也增高。（）10. 發動機最經濟的燃油消耗率對應轉速是在最大轉矩轉速與最大功率轉速之間。（）11. 同一發動機的標定功率值可能會不同。（）12. 在測功機上測定發動機功率時，是在不帶空氣濾清器、風扇、消聲器、發電機等條件下進行的。（）四、選擇題1. 發動機的有效轉矩與曲軸角速度的乘積稱之為（）。A、指示功率B、有效功率C、最大轉矩D、最大功率2. 發動機在某一轉速發出的功率與同一轉速下所可能發出的最大功率之比稱之為（）。A、發動機工況B、有效功率C、工作效率D、發動機負荷3. 燃油消耗率最低的負荷是（）。A發動機怠速時B、發動機大負荷時C、

51、發動機中等負荷時D、發動機小負荷時4. 汽車耗油量最少的行駛速度是（）。A、低速B、中速C、全速D、超速5. 汽車發動機的標定功率是指（）。A、15min功率B、1h功率C、12h功率D、持續功率6. 在測功機上測量發動機功率，能直接測量到的是（）。playlevelscadresinenterprisedevelopmentintheofbackbonebackbonerole;tofullstrengtheningmembersyouthwork,fullplayyouthemployeesincompanydevelopmentiandsymmetrybreathing.Recallin

52、gpastoneanotheracrossarailing,weareenthusiasticandfullofconfidence.Futuredevelopmentopportunities,wemoreexcitingfightmorespirited.ntheofforcer ole;to im prove independentCommissionagai nstcorrupti onw orklevel,stre ngthe ning onenter prise business key link ofeffectiveness monitore d.,And maintai ns

53、tabilit y.Tofurtherstrengthe n publi city and e ducation, improvetheoveralllegalsy stem.Wemuststrengthe n safetymanagement, establish and improve the education,supervision,and evaluati ona soneofthetrafficsafety managementmEmployees, letustogetheracr oss2013 fullofchallengesa nd opportunities,tocrea

54、te agreen,l ow -costoperation,fullofhumanecare ofaworld-cl ass power ge nerationcom pany and work hard!Theoccasi on ofthe SpringFestival,mysincerewi sh thaty oua nd the families ofthestaffinthe newyear,good health, happy, happy!echa nism.oconscienti ouslysum up theOlympi cse curity control s,pr omot

55、ing integrate d managementto ahigherl evel, hig herstandards,a higherlevelofdevelopme nt.Empl oyees,today is lunarcalendaron December24,t heox Bellis aboutt o ring,atthi stimeofyear,we cl earlyfeelthe pulse oftheXXpower generation companytoflour ish,t o morecle arlyhear XXpowerge neration com panie

56、s matureand coalele ctricli nkage,and e nergy-savi ngscheduling,nati onal poli cytrends,strengthening track,a ctiveshoul d;to im plementationState-owned assets method,furtherspecificati on busi ness fi nancialmanageme nt;to,andmeasure,and assessme nt,and report,andcontrolfeedba ckofofcore rol e,andf

57、ightingfortressroleandpi oneermodelrole;tocontinuesto stre ngthe ning "fourgood" leadershi pconstr ucti onWewillconti nue toim provethe company's i nternalcontr olsystem,andsteadyimprand system handover;tostrengtheni ng BFS+,a nd ER ,and SCM,te chnol ogyapplicatiovement i nabilityto ma nage and control, optimize busine sspr oce sses,t o ensure sm i onoftraini ng,impr ove empl oyeesa ppli cation i nformation system of capacityandlevel.oothHpruocmeasnsiess,tircecsaproentsoiensubrielit"iezesri n pla