1、The passive VoiceI. 主動語態（The active Voice）和被動語態 (The Passive Voice)英語動詞有兩種語態，即主動語態和被動語態。主動語態表示主語是動作的執行者，被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者。II. 被動語態的結構 （以下結構均請同學們觀察后得出結論！）1）一般現在時I write a letter. A letter is written by me.My father fixes the cars on Sunday. The cars are fixed by my father on Sunday._ 2) 一般過去時They found

2、 a good idea. A good idea was found by them.We finished the homework easily. The homework was finished easily by us. _3)一般將來時Sue will sing a nice song for us. A nice song will be sung for us by Sue.They will return the book on time. The book will be returned on time by them.Lily is going to help us

3、with English. We are going to be helped with English by Lily.I am going to visit the old peoples home. The old peoples home is going to be visited by me. 4)現在完成時Tony has interviewed the worker. The worker has been visited by Tony.They have built a new bridge. A new bridge has been built by them._5)

4、現在進行時I am washing dishes. Dishes are being washed by me.They are drinking wine together. Wine is being drunk by them. 6) 含有情態動詞的被動語態We may plant trees in spring. Trees may be planted in spring.We must keep classroom clean. Classroom must be kept clean by us.Adults should allow teenagers to choose th

5、eir own clothes.-Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes by adults. 主動語態變被動語態的步驟是：（1）將賓語變成主語（2）把謂語變成被動結構，時態跟原主動語態時態相符（3）原主語有必要留下，則用介詞引導放在動詞之后，將主格改為賓格，III. 被動語態的用法1、不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執行者是誰時。Knives are made for cutting things. 刀是用來切割東西用的。Toms mother was saved. Tom的母親得救了。2、漢語中“被”“受”“由”等詞譯成英語

6、的常用語態She was praised for her excellent job. 這女孩因工作優秀受到表揚。IV 特殊形式的被動語態1)雙賓語動詞的被動語態e.g. They pass me some pictures. She offered me some hot water.They didnt bring me any food. We send her a letter. 類似的詞還有give , buy, take , teach, write, tell etc.改變方法：He gave me a cake. They buy me a story book. 間接賓語 直

7、接賓語 間接賓語 直接賓語 被動語態- I was given a cake by him -I am bought a storybook by them.注 意： 含有直接賓語和間接賓語時，一般把指 “人 ”的間接賓語變為主語，指“物”的直接賓語保留不動。被動語態- A cake was given to me by him. -A storybook is bought for me by them注 意：如果要將直接賓語（物）變為主語，那么動詞后要用介詞，這個介詞是由與其搭配的動詞決定的。 2)含有賓語補足語的動詞的被動語態e.g. We keep food cold in the f

8、ridge. His mother found Tom a very good pupil.A girl saw my pen drop when she passed by. Father made me write all night.I saw David sitting on some eggs. They let her wash at home.類似的結構是： keep/find sth + adj/介短/名短 see/hear sb + do make sb + do see/hear sb+ doing改變方法： 賓語變為主語后，賓語補足語位置一般不變。 如果賓語補足語是不帶t

9、o的動詞不定式，句子變成被動語態后則要加to，以便將兩個動詞隔開。We keep food cold in the fridge. Food is kept cold in the fridge.His mother found Tom a very good pupil Tom was found a very good pupil by his mother. A girl saw my pen drop when she passed by. My pen was seen to drop by a girl whenFather made me write all night. _I

10、saw David sitting on some eggs. David was seen sitting on some eggs.3) 不及物動詞的被動語態不及物動詞與其相應的介詞構成的短語，可以相當于一個及物動詞，也就可以用于被動語態了。使用時將整個短語看成一個動詞。Someone turned off the light. The light was turned off (by someone).We can take good care of your child here. Your child can be taken good care of.People often la

11、ugh at him. _Exercise for the passive voiceI. Change the sentences into the passive ones.1. He should cut his hair. _2. He should stop wearing that silly earring. _3. We bought her a new bike._4. We dont play football here._5. People often see her read under that old apple tree._6. They will build a

12、 new bridge over that river._7. We have made a lot of progress._II. Choose the best answer.( )1. TV Plays_ once a month in this cinema.A. put on B. are put on C. was put on D. often put on( )2. The work _ at once.A. must do B. should be done C. is do D. does( )3. The bird_ fly away yesterday.A. let

13、to B. is let to C. was let D. was let to( )4. Water _ into ice.A. will changed B. must be change C. should change D. can be changed( )5. Where_ rice _?A. does , grow B. will, grow C. is, growing D. is, grown( )6. A strange sound_ last night.A. was heard B. hears C. heard D. is heard( )7. The Great w

14、all _ by visitors all over the world every year.A. are visited B. will be visited C. is visiting D. is visited( )8. Millions of trees_ in a few years time.A. will plant B. are planted C. planted D. will be planted( )9. A beautiful car_ her by her classmates.A. sent to B. will send to C. was sent to D. will be sent to( )10. A new bridge will_ across the river.A. be building B. be built C. buildIII. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words given.