1、現在完成時(1)構成：現在完成時由助動詞have +過去分詞構成，助動詞 have有人稱和數的變化。第三人稱單數用has,其余用have.現在完成時的否定式直接在助動詞后面加上not、疑問式是把助動詞提到主語之前。 以study為例，其否定式、疑問式和簡單回答形式如下：否7E式疑問式I have not (haven't) studied Have I studied?You have not (haven't) studied -Have you studied?He has not (hasn 't) studied .Has he studied?否定疑問式簡單回

2、答(肯定/否定)Have I not (Haven't I) studiedYes, you have. No, you haven，tHave you not (Haven't you) studied?Yes, I have. No, I haven，t.Has he not (Hasn 't he) studied-Yes, he has. No, he hasn，t.(2)用法：1)現在完成時通常表示在說話之前已經完成的動作或存在的狀態。說話人強調的是該動作或狀態對現在的結果或影響。My daughter has just gone out.我女兒剛出去。I&#

3、39; m sure we ' ve met befOre.定我們以前見過面。She has arrived.她至 U 了。2)表示持續到現在的動作或狀態，往往和包括現在在內的表示一段時間的狀語連用，如recently, already, just,lately, for ，sinyet 等*如：I haven ' t heard from her these dayf些日子我沒有收到她的信。We haven ' t seen you recently.最近我們沒有見至U你。They have been away for two years.他們離開已經兩年了。She

4、has been with us since Monday.汪后：1) since和for的區別since 后接時間點，如 1993, last term, yesterday, the time I got therefor后接一段時間，表示長達多久"，如ten years, a while, two days等。Exercise:用 since 和 for 填空1. Jim has been in Ireland Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland three days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia 15

5、days. 4. Mary is in her office. She has been there 7 o'clock.5. India has been an independent country 1974.6. The bus is late. They've been waiting 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many years.8. Mike has been ill a long time. He has been in hospital October.2)

6、表示短暫意義的動詞如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成時當中不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用，因為它們表示的動作不可能持續。因此，不能說：He has come here for 2 weeks. xThe old man has died for 4 months. xThey have left only for 5 minutes. x以上三句話可以改為：He has been here for 2 weeks.The old man has for 4 months.They have only for 5 minutes.

7、3) have (has) been和have (has) gone的區另k表示曾到過某地"要用 "have (has) been表示；巴經去某地”要用“have (has) gone 試比較：Where has he been?他剛才到哪里去了？(已經回來了)Where has he gone? 他上哪兒去了 ？(人不在)They have been to Canada.他們到過加拿大。(現在已經不在加拿大)They have gone to Canada.他們到加拿大去了。(可能在路上和已經到加拿大)4)現在完成時不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用，如yesterday, l

8、ast year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I camein , 但可以和 already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never 等連用。例如：She has already come. 她已經來了。I haven ' t read it ye俄還沒讀過這個。I have met him before. 我從前曾見過他。Ma Hong has always been a good student.馬紅直是個好

9、學生。I have often seen him in the street. 我經常在街上看見他。They have never been to Yan他 an從未去過延安。I haven't seen him lately.我近來沒看到他。Exercise:I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.1. I already(see) the film. I(see) it last week. 2.he(finish) his work today? Not yet.3. My father just(come) back from wo

10、rk. He is tired now.4. Where ' s Li Ming ? He(go) to the teacher' s office.5. I(work) here since I(move) here in 1999.6. So far I(make) quite a few friends here.7. How long the Wangs(stay) here ? For two weeks.8. I just(finish) my homework. 9. He(go) to school on foot every day.10.you(find)

11、your science book yet? 11. If it(be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.12. The students(read) English when the teacher came in.13. Look! The monkey(climb) the tree. 14. My mother(come) to see me next Sunday.15. I've lost my pen.you(see) it anywhere?II. Choose the best answer.1. How long have y

12、ou here?A. comeB. gotC. arrivedD. been2. My grandpa died.A. at the age of my 2 B. for 2 years C. when I was 2. D. my age was 6.3. Jane has to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.A. beenB. goneC. wentD. never been4. It is ten years I last saw her.A. afterB. sinceC. forD. that5. -Who will go to the s

13、tation to meet Lorry? -I will. I her several times.A. metB.have metC.had metD.will meet6. -What a nice dress! How long you it?-Just 2 weeks.A. will, buyB.did, buyC.are, havingD.have, had7. -Do you know Lydia very well? -Yes, She and I friends since we were very young.A. have madeB. have becomeC.have

14、 beenD.have turned8. The Smiths in China for 8 years.A. has livedB. livedC. have beenD. live9. -Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black?- Sorry. He the Bainiao Park.A. has been toB. has gone toC. went toD. will go to10. -you ever to the US? - Yes, twice.A. Have, gone B. Have, bee

15、n C, Do, goD. were, goingIII. Rewrite the sentences.1. I have been to Macau before.(改為否定句 )I been to Macau before.2. He hasn ' t come to schcbe.cause he wasill.(就戈U線音B分提問 )he come to school?3. I bough a new bike just now.(用 just 改寫) I just a new bike.4. We began to learn English three years ago.

16、(改為同義句 )We English three years5. He has never surfed,?(改成反意疑問句)6. They have been here since.2000.(對劃線部分提問)have they been here?7. The old man last year. He has for a year. (die)(動詞填空)8. Miss Gao left an hour ago.(同義句轉換 )Miss Gao has an hour ago.IV . Ask the questions1) I have been there for two days.

17、 you?2) My father has lived here since 2000. your father?3) He left here yesterday he?4) They bought a book two hours ago they a book?V . Use never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since " to fill in the blanks.1. I have seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has finished his homew

18、ork.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ten years.4. “ Have you seen the film? ”" No, I have seen it.5. " Has the bus left?”" Yes, it has left.”現在完成時專項練習、翻譯下列句子:1 .你曾經吃過魚和薯條嗎？ 2 .我剛剛丟了我的化學書。 3 .我以前從來沒去過那個農場。 4 .他已經吃過午飯5 .你已經看過這部電影了嗎？ 6 .我哥哥還沒回來。 7 .這本字典我已買了三年了。 8 .他離開中國三年了。9 .我認識他們五

19、年了。10 .他們已去了美國五年了。 11 .自從他搬到濟寧，他就住這兒了。 12 .我妹妹成為一個大學生已經三年。13 .自從1999年以來他們就認識。 14 .我來到這個學校已 3年多了。 二、用since和for填空1.two years2.two years ago 3.last month4.19995.yesterday 6.4 o 'clocl7.4 hours 8.an hour ago9.we were children 10.lunch time11.she left here12. He has lived in Nanjing the year before l

20、ast. 13. I ' ve known him we were children.14. Our teacher has studied Japanese three years. 15. She has been away from the city about ten years.16. It ' s about ten years she left the city.三、結束性動詞轉換為以下延續性動詞或者表示可以延續的狀態的短語。 arrive at / in sp / get to / reach sp / come / go / move to spf be in

21、 sp / at school / at home / on the farm / be here / be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago. He Beijing for2) I moved to the USA in 2008. I the USA since3) I went home yesterday.I home for4) They came here last week. They here since come to / go back to / return tof be back to go out f be out1

22、) He came out two years ago.He for.2) We return to Beijing yesterday.We to Beijing since become f be1) I became a teacher in 2000. Ia teacher for3) The river became dirty last year. The river dirty for close f be closedopen f be open1) The shop closed two hours ago. The shop for 2) The door opened a

23、t six in the morning.The door for six hours. get up - be up; die - be dead; leave sp. f be away from sp.fall asleep / get tot sleep f be asleep; finish / end f be over; marry f be married ;1) I got up two hours ago.I since .2) He left Shanghai just now.He Shanghai for five minutes.3) My grandpa died

24、 in 2002.My grandpa for .4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting for six hours.5) I got to sleep two hours ago .I since .6) They married in 1990. They since .7) start / begin to do sth. f do sth. ; begin f be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995. I at this school since .2) The film began

25、two minutes ago.The film for borrow f keep; lose f not have ; buy f have ; put on f wear catch / get a cold f have a cold; get to know f know1) They borrowed it last week. They it since .2) I bought a pen two hours ago. I a pen for .3) I got to know him last year.I him since .4) I put on my glasses

26、three years ago. I my glasses for have / has gone to f have been inHe has gone to Beijing.He Beijing for two days. join the league / the Party / the armyf be a league member /a Party member / a soldierf be a member of the league / the Partyf be in the league / the Party / the army1) He joined the le

27、ague in 2002.He a for two years. He a the for two years.He the league for two years.2) My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother a for . My brother in for two years.四、劃線提問1) I have been there for two days.you ?2) My father has lived here since 2000.your father ?3) He left here yesterday.he

28、 ?4) They bought a book two hours ago.they a book五、用 have(has) been 或 have(has) gone 填空。A: Where Li Fei ?B: He to Hainan Island.A: How long he there?B: He there for three days.A: When will he come back , do you know?B: I m afraid he won t come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Isl

29、and?B: Sorry, I never there.A: How many times Li Fei to that place?B: He there only once.六、用 have / has been to / in, have gone to 及 go 的各種形式填空。1) Where is Jack? He his country.3) John England since he came back.5) The Smiths Beijing for years.7) I this school since three years ago.2) David the park

30、 just now.4) How long they this village?6) you ever America? - Yes, I there many times.8) Where is Jim? He the farm.9) Whenhe ? He an hour ago.10) Would you like to to the zoo with me? -Yes, but I there before.11) Where you now? - I to the zoo. 12) He often swimming.13) you there last year?14) they

31、often skating in winter?七 用 never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since 填空1. I have seen him before, so I have no idea about him. 2. Jack has finished his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ten years.4. “ Have you seen the film? ”“ No, I have seen it.”5. “ Has the bus left ?”“ Yes, it ha

32、s left.”八 . 用適當的時態填空：1. She s (live) here ever since she was ten.2. Both of them (be) in Hongkong for ten days.3. Both of them (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.4. Half an hour (pass) since the train (leave).5. Mary(lose) her pen. you (see) it here and there?6. you (find) your watch yet?7. -Are you th

33、irsty? -No I just (have) some orange.8. We already (return) the book.9. they (build) a new school in the village?10. I (not finish) my homework . Can you help me?11. My father (read) the novel twice.12. I (buy) a book just now.13. I (lost ) my watch yesterday.14. My father (read) this book since yes

34、terday.6答案1、 1. since 2. for 3. for 4. since 5. since 6. for 7. for 8. since2、 1. have, seen, saw 2. Has, finished 3. has, come 4. has gone 5. have worked, moved 6. have made7. have, stayed 8. have, finished 9. goes 10. have, found 11. is 12. were reading 13. is climbing 14.is coming 15. Have, seen3

35、、 15 DCBBB 6-10 DCCBB4、 Keys: 1. How long have, been there2. How long has, lived here 3. When did, leave here 4. When did, buy5、 1. never 2. just , already 3. for 4. ever, never 5. yet , just / already專項練習答案 一翻譯下列句子：1. Have you ever had / eaten fish and chips? 2. I have just lost my chemistry book.3

36、. I have never been to the farm before.4. He has already had lunch = He has had lunch already.5. Have you seen the movie yet? 6. My brother hasnco mte /get / been back yet = My brother hasn retturned yet.7. I have had this dictionary for three years / since three years ago.8. Has been away from Chin

37、a for three years.9. I have known them for five years. 10. They have been in the USA for five years.11. He has been here since he moved to Jining.12. My sister has been a college student for three years = My sister has been in college for three years.13. They have known each other since 1999.14. I h

38、ave been in this school for over three years.二、用since或者for填空I. for 2. since 3. since 4. since 5. since 6. since 7. for 8 since 9.since 10. sinceII. since 12.since 13. since 14.for 15.for 16. since三、結束性動詞轉換為以下延續性動詞或者表示可以延續的狀態的短語 1. has been in , five minutes2. have been in , 2008 3. have been at, two

39、 days 4. have been , last week 1. have been out, two years2. have been back , yesterday 1. have been , nine years 2. has been , two years 1. has been closed , two hours 2. has been open 1. have been up , two hours ago 2. has been away from 3. has been dead , seven years4. has been over 5. have been asleep , two hours ago 6. have been married , 1990 1. have taught , 19952. has been on , two minutes 1. have kept , last week 2. have had , two hours 3.