1、語法專項練習361. can基本含義與用法情態動詞的基本用法2. may基本含義與用法（1）（表準許、請求）可以、（2）（表愿望、祝福）但愿；祝。此（1）（表示能力）能；會（2）（表示可能、許可）能夠時，句子要用倒裝語序、（3）（用于目的狀語從句中） 為了；為了能夠、可以，（3）（表溫和的命令）請做；得（4）（用于疑問句中，表（用于讓步狀語從句中）即使；無論、（5）構成句型：may/ might as well dosth. “還是做某事的好；不妨去做某事”請求、提議）能不能；要不要，（5）（用于疑問句中，表驚訝、懷疑等）“（到底）可能有這樣的事嗎？”，（ 6）構成特殊句式:【注意】情態動詞完

2、成式的用法：表示已經發生的情況,may/ might也不過推測.或 cannot/can n ever.too.或 canno t.e no ugh “無論怎么have +過去分詞，表示對已發生的事情做不肯定、可能性很小的分； 越越好； 非?！?。 One cannot be too careful. 越認真越好。事實上根本沒發生，譯為“也許”。例如：At Florida Power s Crystalcannot tha nk you eno ugh.我對你感激不盡。River plant, a poten tially serious leakage of radioactive water

3、 may have bee n cannot help doin g./ cannot help but do./ cannnot but do. “禁不住;unknowin gly caused by an electricia n.不由得；不得不”。表示虛擬語氣，may/ might have +過去分詞，表示過去可以做但實【注意】情態動詞完成式的用法：表示已經發生的情況，cant/ couldn 際未做，譯為“（那樣）也許會”。例如：It might have been better tot have +過去分詞，表示對已發生情況的否定推測，譯為“（昨天）一定 in clude more

4、 pun chy statistics and p hotos of equipment in the in troduct ion tofurther assist first-time office automati on man agers.3. must基本含義與用法沒”。 例如： Mary couldn t have received my letter; otherwise she would have rep lied before now.表示虛擬語氣，could have+過去分詞，表示過去本來可以做但卻未做,（1）（表義務、必要性、命令）必須，得，要,mus tn t表“禁

5、止、譯為“完全可以。例如： What you said is right, but you could have 不準”、（2）（表必然性）必定、（3）（表固執、不滿等）偏偏；硬要；偏p hrased it more tactfully.要，例如：If you must know , I m going to help him look for an apartment.【注意】情態動詞完成式的用法：must have +過去分詞，表示對已發【注意】情態動詞完成式的用法：表示虛擬語氣,should/ should not生情況的肯定推測，譯為（昨天）一定。例如：My pain must hav

6、e have +過去分詞，表示應該做某事但實際上未做，或本不應該做但實際上bee n apparent the mome nt I walked into the room, for the first man I met做了，譯為本(不)應該”。如：I regret having left the work unfinished;asked sympathetically:“ Are you feeling all right? ” I should have planned everyth ing ahead carefully.4. shall基本含義與用法6. would基本含義與用法

7、（1）用于疑問句中，與第一、三人稱連用，表示征求對方的意見，may（1）（表過去的習慣性動作）（從前）常常；經常、（2）（表示說話者用于征求對方的許可，shall用于征求對方的意見或指示、（2）用于第二、的厭煩、焦躁）老是;偏要、 （3）（用于否定句中，主語一般是事物，表三人稱，表示說話人的命令、警告、強制、允諾、威脅或決心等、（用示某事物暫時的特性）就是（不能）、（4）表示請求或個人的想法、看法，于法律、規則等條文中）應，須，得使語氣婉轉，例如:Would you mind if I opened the win dow?5. should基本含義與用法（1）（表義務、責任）應該、（2）（表

8、預期）應該會，想必會，一定會表推測情態動詞辨析吧、（3）（表驚訝、遺憾）竟然;居然、 （4）（與疑問詞連用，表示意外、1. must， can/ could， may/ might可以用來對事情進行推測。納悶、驚訝等）究竟是；到底、（5）（用于條件狀語從句中）一旦；萬一、must表推測時只能用于肯定句，是對現在或過去的事情進行的推測,（用于表示命令、建議、請求的動詞后面的that從句中，且should可不能表對將來事情的推測，語氣非?？隙?，譯為“一定”。省略)應該；必須，例如：She demanded that they (should) leave at once.(7)can/ could

9、表推測時一般用于否定句或疑問句，也是對現在或過去的（用于以lest，for fear that， in case引導的狀語從句中）以免；唯恐，例事情進行推測，但 could偶爾可用于肯定推測。女0： She gave me a list just in case I should forget what to buy.may/ might表推測時一般用于肯定句或否定句，可對現在、過去或將來的事情進行推測，語氣不很肯定，譯為“可能”。2. “情態動詞+have done ”結構用于對過去事情的推測。對may引出的問句，可以有下列回答方式:might have done和could have do

10、ne除了表對過去事情的推測外，還Yes, of course.可表示一種責備語氣，意為“（過去）本來可以（能夠）做某事，但實際上沒Yes, certa inly.有做到”，此時不能用may或can。Sure .例如： He might have given you more help，even though he was veryNo, you mustn t.busy.No, you can t.3.表責備語氣情態動詞should，ought to，could， might，need 等常用來表示說話人對過去事情的不滿或遺憾，帶有較強烈的責備語氣。-Might/ May I smoke in

11、 this room?-No, you mustn t.should （ought to） have do ne “本應該”，表示過去應該做而（實- May/Might I take this book out of the room?際）沒有做的事情，含有責備或遺憾的語氣，其否定形式為“shouldYes, you can. (No, you can t / mustn t.not/ought not to have done ” ，should have done 還可以表示驚訝、 贊嘆等情Must we hand in our exercise books today?緒。例如：It w

12、on derful that you should have achieved so much in theseyears.could/ might have done “本來能夠（會）”，表示過去本來可以Yes, you must.No, you don t have to / you neednt.-Need I fin ish the work today?（能夠）做某事，但實際上沒有做到。Need nthave done“本來不需要，表示過去本來沒有必要做某事，但事實上卻做了。Yes, you must. / No, you n eed nt.情態動詞練習1對will/ would y

13、ou 的回答方式有以下幾種:Yes, I will. (No, I won t.)Sure . (I m sorry , I can t.)1. Youread that article if you dont want toAll right.A . haven t B . can t C. mustn tD. needn tCertai niy. (No, tha nk you .)2. Iget this done immediately or it will be too late .Yes, p lease.A. mustB. canC. mayD. mightto bed .3.

14、The house is dark; the Brow nsshall引出的疑問句用于第一人稱，表示征求對方意見或客氣的A . may goB. should go請求。如:C. should have goneD. must have gone我給你把門打開好嗎?4. “ That car must have cost a 1ot of money.我們現在開始好嗎?“Oh no.其回答方式有以下幾種:Yes, P lease.All right.5. Iasleep in the corner，for 1 remember nothing of whatA . it mustnt B .

15、it hasntC . it doesn t D . it didn tNo, tha nk you.happened during the night.B. must fallA . might fallC. must have falle nD. can have falle n6 . I m feeling sick I so much chocolate .A . needn t have eatenB. couldn t have eatenC. mustn t have eatenD . should nt have eate nA . would have hadB. could

16、 have had7. My wallet is no where to be foundwhen 1 was on the bus .C. should have hadD . must have hadA . must have dropped itB. must drop it13. Something must have happened on their way here . OrC. should have dropped itD . ought to have dropped ittheyby now .& Mr . Greenmy letter, otherwise he wo

17、uld have rep lied beforeA . should have arrivedB . should arrivenow .C . would have arrivedD . would arrive9.10 .must have receivedmust receiveB . must have failed to receiveD. must fail to receiveYou could have done much better yesterday . WhyA . didn t you B . couldn t youC. hadn t you D . shouldn

18、 t youThey have done things they oughtA . not to doB. not to be done14.“ Are you coming“ I m not sure. IC . not to have doneD . not hav ing done11. You had bettera doctor as soon as p ossible .A. seenB . sawC . see12 . I believe heon time .15 .16 .A . mustB. wouldD . see ingan accident. otherwise he

19、 would have arrived to Jeff s party? ”“ Will you stay for lunch?“ SorryA . I mustn tC . I needn tgo to the concert in stead.C . shouldD . might.My brother is coming to see me . ”B. I canD. I won tI heard they went skii ng in the mountains last win ter . ”“ItA . may not betrue because there was littl

20、e snow there.C . couldn t beB . won t beD . mustn t be“ Shall we go skat ing or stay at home?18.19 .20 .1.Jean“ WhichA . do you ratherC. will you ratherdo yourself?B. would you ratherD . should you ratherI was really anxious about you . Youhome without a word .A . mustn t leaveC could n t have leftS

21、ome one is coming here .A . willB. shallMay I stop here?No, youA . must n tC. needn tA. must2. Janetime.B. shouldn t have leftD . need n t leaveWhoit be?C . mustD . canB. might notD . wont3. So many mistakes in your homework! YouA. may beB. had toC. would be4. Her brothermore careful.D. should have

22、bee nbe at home now, because he was see n p lay ing basketballin the stadium just now.A. must n tB. needntC. can tD. should nt5 . -I can t understand why our boss is late.-Hethe early bus.A. could missC. can have missedB. may have missedD. might miss6. She did nt an swer the phone, sheA. may beC. sh

23、ould have bee n7 . The littl e girlaslee p.B. must beD. must have bee ns eyes were red. She情態動詞練習2A. may cryB. must cryC. must be criedD. must have bee n cryinghave kept his pro mise. I won der why he cha nged his idea.B. shouldC.needD. wouldhis supper now, for the dining hall is still closed.A. can

24、 t be havingB. needn t be havingHehave come to the party, but she.not find the exactC. mustn t be havingD. should nt be havingI p arked my bike beh ind the buildi ng, but now it is gon e. ItA. could; couldB. might; couldA. may be stole nB. must be stole nC. should; couldD. should; would10.C. must ha

25、ve bee n stole nMr. Blackwas built?A. Did; used toC. Did; use toD. must have stole ngo to work by ferry （輪渡）before the bridgeB. Use; toD. Does; use toUsed + 主語 +to do? /Did + 主語 +use to do?11. The hotel is onlya stone s throw aw舉y步之遙 ）,youtake a bus.A. n eed not toB. not n eed toC. dont needD. n eed

26、 not12. I am busy now.my brother do it for you ?A. WillB. ShallC. MustD. May17. If you want tohere.A. has to leaveC. has to be leftborrow a football after school, your student card.B. must leaveD. must be left18.“ Did you scold him for his careless ness?“ Yes, butit13. -You needn t do it right now,

27、need you?-Yes I am afraid IA. needB. needn tC. mustD. mustn t14.My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared . Whohave take nit?A. shouldB. mustC. couldD. would15. -The room is so dirty.we clea n it?Of course.A. WillB. ShallC. WouldD. Do16. If you have someth ing imp orta nt to do, youwaste any tim

28、e.A. n eed nt B. must ntC. may notD. won tA. I d rather not doB. I d rather not have doneC. I shouldnt doD. I d better not do19.“ Don t get near to it . It is too dangerous!A. Yes, I wonC. No, I ca nt B. No, I donD. No, I won20. He must be in the classroom,A. mustn t B. can t21. Hehe?C. isn tD.ca nb

29、e in the garde n. He must be in the room.A. can tB. mustn tD. may not22.“ Do you have to leave now?23.C. will notI am very sorry, but I reallyA.can tB. haveC. shouldD. must“ Let s go to the library, shall we?A. No, I ca nB. Yes, I will31. Has Li Lin started? He said he would join in the p arty.C. Ye

30、s , tha nk you24.“Can I take it away?D. No, we d better notHe.He is a man of kee ping his word.A. could have leftB. must have left“ Youbetter not.C. can t comeD. won t be comingA. shouldB. couldC. wouldD. had32. May I park my car here?25. YouA. could n thave brought your camera. They all had theirs

31、with them.B.needn tNo, you.No car is allowed to park here.C. would n tD. must n t26. See who is there!it be May?A. MayB. MustC. CanD. Will27. Johnbe a basketball p layer. He is much too short.A. may notB. needn t C. mustn t D. daren t33. Excuse me, could you tell me where the Yajia Sup ermarket is?

32、It s two blocks straight ahead. Youmiss it.A. mustn t B. can t C. needn tD. shouldn tA. mayC. can tB. mustn t34. I saw Mr. Sun at Ton gyu Stati on this morning.He s still on holiday in Hawaii.YouD. shouldA. could n t haveB. must n t have28. The Chin ese teacher looks so p ale. Shebe ill.C. shouldn t

33、D. needn tA. mustB. must ntC. canD. need35. How about paying a visit to Dr. Wang, our former Chin ese teacher?29. Someth ingto save our earth. Do you think so?Good idea. I will e-mail him today so that heknowtoA. can doB. must doC. has to doD.expect us.must be doneA. shall; why B. could; whe n C. wo

34、uld; what D. will; how30. Look at what you have done! Yoube more careful.36. Everyth inghas two sides. Beautiful songs, sometimes,be justA. oughtB. canC. wouldD. shouldno ise to others.A. mustB. mayC. shouldD. could情態動詞練習337. Some onemy umbrella. I found it wet yesterday.A. must be usingB. must have

35、 usedYes, heC. must useD. must have bee n usingA. Can; must haveB. Must; must have38. How dan gerous it was!Yes, but for the passer-by s quick action, the girlC. Can; mustD. Must; mustA. was drow nedB. could have bee n drow nedC. had drow nedD. should be drow ned39. Youscold such a pupil who always

36、kee ps sile nt so seriously thatyouhurt him.A. should; canC. mustn t; mayB. may; willD. can t; must40. Why does Alice know so much about An gkor Wat?Shehave bee n there, or .A. must B. oughtn t toC. may D. can t41. You may laugh, but Ive been thinking of becoming a vegetarOh,yoube crazy. You will be

37、 hungry all the time.A. mustB. mayC. willD. need44. Mr. Zha ngin Shan ghai tomorrow morni ng.A. can have arrivedC. may have arrived45. Miss Wang started at 8 oA. shouldB. canB. will have arrivedD. must have arrived46. It must be Mr. Li who did it.No, itbe Mr. Li.clock, and sheC.can t D. needA. mustn

38、 t B. wouldn t C. can t D. may47. Youfinish read ing the book as soon as po ssible.A. may B. canC. n eed48. eed you go to work now?Yes, IA. must B. n eed C. canD. shouldD. darebe there now.42. What s the matter with you? Oh, I m not feeling well in49. Your trousers are dirty.them for you?now.A. shou

39、ld nt eatC. shouldn t have eaten43.the stomach. Iso much fried fish justB. must nt have eate nD. mustn t eathe have bee n chose n as captain of the football team?A. Shall I washB. Will I washC. Am I going to washD. Am I wash ing50. You are late for school today. YouA. ought to comeC. ought have come

40、to school earlier.B. should have comeD. should come51. We must lear n from Lei Feng,B. can t C. don t D. needn twe?A. canB. mustC. needD. mayA. may52. She must be hun gry,A. isn t B. needn t C. doesn t D won tshe?情態動詞練習461. I didn stee her in the meeting room thismorning. Sheat the53. He ought to co

41、me here early,he?A. wouldB. should C. didn t D. shouldn tmeet ing.A. must n54. You used to smoke,t have spokenB. should nt have spokenyou?C.neednA. used to B. don t C. didn t D. shouldn tt have spokenD. could nt have spoken55. You oughtfor what you have nt done.62. One oughtfor what one has nt done.

42、56.A. not to be puni shedB. not be puni shedA. not to be puni shedB. to not be puni shedC. to not puni shedD. to not be puni shedC. to not puni shedD. not be puni shedA. Mustyou pl ease tell me the way to the post office?63. If you really want yourself to be in good health, you mustalwaysso much.B.

43、Need C. WouldD. Should57. I m sure hehave the compu ter sooner or later.A. not; be smok ingB. not; have smokedA. shallB. can C. must D. would58. It is important that welearn how to drive.A. have to B. should C. need D. shall59. It has bee n announced that can didatesremai n in their seats un tilC. n

44、ot; to smokeD. be not; smok ingall the papers have bee n collected.A. canB. willC. mayD. shall60. Howyou say that you really un dersta nd the whole story if youhave covered only a part of the article?64. With so much work on hand, youA. mustn t goC. couldn t have goneto see the game last ni ght.B. s

45、hould nt goD. shouldn t have gone65. Most of the stude nts felt rather disa ppoin ted at the En glish p arty. They saythat itbetter orga ni zed.A. had bee nB. had to beC. must have bee nD. could have bee n66. I m surprised that hein the exam.A. should failB. would have failedA. must n t have hurried

46、B. could nt have hidrrieC. may have failedD. should have failedC. must not hurryD. needn t have hurried67. The little girlthere alone.75. The plant is dead. Iit more water.A. not dare goB. dares not goA. will giveB. would have give nC. dare not goD. dare not to go68.“ Must we do it now? ”C. must giv

47、eD. should have give nA. won tB. needn t69. He said he would rather notA. doingB. to do70. Youto do.“ No, youC. can t D. don tit right now.C. doD. to be doingto the meet ing this after noon if you have someth ing importantA. needn t to comeB. don t need comeC. don t need comingD. n eed nt come71. Pu

48、t on more clothes. Yoube feeli ng cold with only a shirt on.A. canB. couldC. wouldD. must72. Ip lay football tha n baseball.A. would ratherB. had betterC. like betterD. prefer73. I thought youlike someth ing to read, so I have brought you somebooks.A. mayB. mightC. couldD. must74. There was plenty o

49、f time. Sheretur n the book now. You can kee p it till n ext week if you like.A. can t B. mustn t76. You77. It s still early, youA. mustn t hurryC. may not hurryC. needn t D. may notB. wouldn t hurryD. don t have to hurry78. P lease open the win dow,A. can t you B. aren t you C. do youD. will you79.

50、 Wefor her because she n ever came.A. mustn t have waitedB. shouldn t have waitedC. mustn t waitD. n eed nt wait80. May I stop here? No, youA. mustn t B. might not81. It s a fine day. LetA. won t we B. will weC.needn ts go fishing.C.don t weD. won tD. shall we82. I didn stee her in the meetingroom this morning.Sheat themeet ing.A. mustn t have spokenB. shouldn t have spokenC. needn t have spokenD. couldn t have spoken89. You must be a writer,83. PI ease don t make a no ise.A. mustn t youB. are you.I ll