1、1,The Subject Clause主語從句,名詞性從句（三）,2,一、主語從句的定義 二、主語從句的構成 三、主語從句的引導詞 四、 it 可作形式主語 五、主語從句需注意的問題,3,找出下列句子中的主語： 1) You are a student. 2) His job is important. 3) To find your way can be a problem. 4) Smoking is bad for you. 5) What he does is important. 主語是動作的發出者或受到描述的對象。 通常位于謂語動詞或系動詞之前。,4,一、主語從句的定義： 在復合

2、句中位于謂語動詞或系動詞之前充當主語的句子，叫主語從句。 That he is still alive is a wonder. 二、主語從句的構成：,引導詞 + 簡單句 + 謂語動詞/系動詞 + 其他成分.,What he wants is a book.,5,三、主語從句的引導詞： 從屬連詞: that, whether； 連接代詞: who , whom, whose, which, what ； whatever，whoever，whichever 連接副詞: when, where, how, why。,6,that that引導主語從句, that在從句中只起連接作用， 不作成分，

3、沒有意義，不能省略。 That he will come is certain. 2. whether 1) whether引導主語從句，譯為“是否”, 不能省略。 if 不能引導表語從句。 Whetherhellcomehereis a problem.,7,3. who, whom, whose, what, which when, where, how, why 1) wh-詞各有自己的實際意義， 2) 在從句中作成分， 3) 不能省略， 4）從句中要用陳述語序。 Who will write the poem has not been decided yet. Whom she bor

4、rowed money from still puzzled him. Which side will win is not clear. What she said today was quite right.,8,When he will be back depends on the weather. Where the test will be given is not yet decided. Where and when he was born is a secret. Why he came here is not known. How we can protect the end

5、angered animals needs to be discussed. How many people died in the earthquake was unknown.,9,注意：whatever，whoever，whichever在主語從句中不含疑問意義。它引導主語從句，并在從句中作主語、賓語或表語等。,Whoever comes will be welcome. (whoever=the person who) 來的人將受到歡迎。 Whatever he did was right. (whatever=the thing that) 他所做的事情是正確的。 Whichever

6、 of you comes in will receive a prize. (whichever=anyone of you who) 你們當中不論哪個進來將會得到獎勵。,10,四、it 可作形式主語 為了使句子保持平衡，避免頭重腳輕,經常用 it 作形式主語,主語從句放在后面作真正的主語. 其結構為： It + 謂語動詞/系動詞 + 賓語/表語 + 主語從句. 例如: That we shall be late is certain. = It is certain that we shall be late. 1. That the earth is round is known to

7、all. = It is known to all that the earth is round. 2. whether they would support us was a problem . = It was a problem whether they would support us.,11,1. It + be + 形容詞 + that 從句(obvious,true,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,) 如： Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam. 2. It +

8、 be + 名詞詞組 + that 從句 (anhonor,afact,apity,）如： Itsapitythatwecantgo.,用it 作形式主語的結構：,12,3.It + be + 過去分詞 + that 從句 (said,reported,believed,suggested,known,thought,expected,decided,） 如： ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing. =Mr.Green is said to have arrived in Beijing. 主語+is said,to do to be doing to

9、 have done(動作發生在 is said 之前) to have been done to have been doing,13,He is said to go abroad soon.據說他不久要出國。 表示不定式所表示的動作尚未發生或將要發生 The tigers are said to be endangered.據說這些虎處于瀕危狀態 表示一般情況(尤其是當不定式表示狀態而非動作時)。 They are said to be researching into the question.所說他們正在研究這個問題。 The film is said to have been go

10、ing on for two months.據說這部電影已經 上演兩個月了。 This book is said to have been translated into several foreign languages.據說這本書已經 被譯成好幾種外語。,14,4. It + 不及物動詞或短語 + that 從句 ( seem, happen, doesntmatter ,） 如： IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday. (碰巧) It seems that he has known it.(好像.) Itdoesntmatterwhethershewillcomeor

11、not.,15,注意:that 后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（should + 動詞原形），should 可以省去。,It is suggested ( ordered, required . ) that . +(should) do“ 據建議；有命令,有人要求” 該句型中的過去分詞是表示請求，建議，命令等詞時 e.g. It is suggested that we （should） go at once. It is required that everyone here should be able to use computer. 2.It is important /necessary/

12、strange. that .+(should) do e.g.It is important that the students learn English well. It is strange that you should like him. It is necessary that you should master the computer.,16,1. 主語從句的 “that” 一般不能省； 2. 主語從句中用陳述語序； 主語從句只能用whether引導，不能用if引導；,五、 主語從句需注意的問題,17,4. 主語從句后面的謂語動詞用第三人稱單數； Whetherhellcom

13、ehere_ (be) notclear. 5. what引導主語從句時，謂語動詞： 1）常與其后的名詞表語一致 2）根據句子的語境而定。 What you left _ (be) only several old books. What you said _ (be)of great importance.,is,are,is,18,1. Where shall we spend the holiday isnt decided.,2. You have made a mistake is a fact.,3. That is certain that we can win.,4. If t

14、he policemen will come is not certain.,we shall,That,It,Whether,改錯練習:,19,5.It is say that he was a famous writer.,6.It is seemed that it is going to rain soon .,7. Who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.,said,seems,Whoever,20,1._ he said is true. A. What B. That C. Which D. Whether,2.

15、_ you have done might do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This,3._ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That,單項選擇：,21,4.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning white. A. while B. that C. if D. for,5._ he said at the mee

16、ting shocked everybody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter,6._ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A.What ; what B. What ; that C. That ; that D. That ; what,22,7._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where,8._ you dont like him is none of

17、 my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether,9._ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where,23,LEVEL 1 翻譯以下句子，并指出帶下劃線的從句屬于名詞性從句中的哪一種。 1.What he wants is a book. 2.It is strange that you should like him. 3.Im so glad that I can make friends with you. 4.This is

18、 why he did it. 5.That he wants a book is certain. 6.I suggested just now we (should) take part in this competition. 7.Whether you like him or not doesnt matter too much. 8.He doesnt know whether you can sing it well. 9.The problem is whether you can sing it well. 10.Please tell me who your monitor is.,主語從句,主語從句,主語從句,主語從句,賓語從句,賓語從句,賓語從句,賓語從句,表語從句,表語從句,24,LEVEL 1 翻譯以下句子，并指出帶下劃線的從句屬于名詞性從句中的哪一種。 1.What he wants is a book. 2.It is strange that you should like him. 3.Im so glad that I can make friends with you. 4.This is why he did it. 5.That he wants a book is certain. 6.I s