語態

主動語態表示主語是動作的執行者。eg:猴子打八戒。

Themonkey

beats

Bajie.(主動語態)

動作執行者

動作

動作承受者

被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者。eg:八戒被猴子打。

Bajieisbeatenbythemonkey.(被動語態)

動作承受者主動語態被動語態被動語態的結構由助動詞be加及物動詞的過去分詞構成,強調動作是由什么人或什么東西而發出時，常用介詞“by+動作執行者（sb)”:即be+done(+by+sb)eg:Thisclassroomiscleanedeveryday.Thebuildingwasbuiltin2000.be+過去分詞(+by+動作執行者)WespeakEnglish(主動語態)主語謂語賓語Englishisspokenbyus(被動語態)主語謂語賓語如何將主動句改為被動句？步驟:1.將主動句中的賓語改為主語2.動詞改為被動語態（be體現時態、人稱和數的變化）3.將主動句中的主語改為賓語放在介詞by之后Shewatersflowerseveryday.小試牛刀初中階段常見的被動語態一般現在時被動語態am/is/are+done一般過去時被動語態was/were+done一般將來時被動語態willbe+done情態動詞的被動語態

can/may/must/could/would/should+be+doneCompletethefollowingsentences.1.拉鏈是什么時候被發明的？

___________thezipper________?2.它于1893年被發明。

It_______________in1893.3.它是由誰發明的？

___________itinvented______?4.它是由惠特科姆?賈得森發明的。

It________________WhitcombJudson.

WhenwasinventedwasinventedWhowasbywasinventedby5.茶葉什么時候被帶到朝鮮的？__________tea_________toKorea?6.它是在六到七世紀之間被帶到朝鮮的。It____________toKorea________the6thand7thcenturies.7.熱冰淇淋勺用來做什么？What___thehotice-creamscoop_________?8.它用來盛很涼的冰淇淋。It’s_________________reallycoldice-cream.Whenwasbroughtwasbroughtduringisusedforusedforserving9.貝爾于1876年發明了電話機。AlexanderGrahamBell_________thetelephonein1876.10.電話機在1876年被貝爾所發明。Thetelephone__________________AlexanderGrahamBellin1876.inventedwasinventedby一般過去時的被動語態句子結構肯定句主語

+was/were+

動詞過去分詞

(+其他).否定句主語

+was/were+not+

動詞過去分詞

(+其他).一般疑問句及答語Was/Were+

主語

+

動詞過去分詞

(+其他)?Yes,

主語

+was/were.No,

主語

+wasn’t/weren’t.特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞

(不作主語)+was/were+

主語

+

動詞過去分詞

(+其他)?根據提示詞填空1.Themachine_____________(repair)byhimyesterday.2.Thesehouses___________(build)twoyearsago.3.Thecup___________(break)bymylittlebrotherjustnow.4.Lunch________________(notprepare)bymymotheryesterday.5.Thoseproblems__________________(notdiscuss)atthelastmeeting.6._________thesebooksinthelibrary_________(bring)outyesterday?wasrepairedwerebuiltwasbrokenwasnotpreparedwerenotdiscussedWerebroughtRewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.1.Theysoldthefridgeatalowprice._______________________________2.Somebodystolemycamerafrommyhotelroom._________________________________Thefridgewassoldatalowprice.Mycamerawasstolenfrommyhotelroom(bysomebody).3.Wheredidyoutakethesephotos?__________________________________4.Ourparentsadvisedusnottogooutalone.__________________________________5.Differentwriterstranslatedthebookinto differentlanguages.__________________________________

Wherewerethesephotostaken(byyou)?We

wereadvisedbyourparentsnottogooutalone.Thebookwastranslatedintodifferentlanguagesbydifferentwriters.Ourparentsadvisedusnottogooutalone．我們的父母建議我不要單獨外出。advise作動詞，意為“勸告；建議”。advisesb.about/onsth.意為“就某事向某人提出建議”;advisesb.todosth.

意為“建議某人做某事”;advisesb.nottodosth.意為“建議某人不要做某事”;advisedoingsth.

意為“建議做某事”。alone可以作形容詞，能作表語，不能作前置定語，也可以作副詞。它強調客觀上的“獨自一人；單獨一人”，不表示內心的感受。lonely只能作形容詞，強調主觀上是“孤獨的；寂寞的”，表達了渴望有人陪伴的情感，可作表語和定語。alone&lonely

eg.Helived______,buthedidn'tfeel_______.alonelonelyCompletethesentenceswithcorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.eat,like,invite,tell,lock,ring,break,bring1.You____________tothepartylastnight,weren’tyou?Whydidn’tyougo?2.Theearthquakehappenedallofasudden,butluckilythevillagers____________toasafeplace.wereinvitedwerebrought3.Thedoor__________whenwearrived,sowe______thebell.4.Thestudents___________nottoeatordrinkinclass,butRuby______therulewhenshestartedeatingabiscuitinscienceclass.5.Thecookies__________bythehungrykidsinlessthan20minutes,andtheyreally_____them.waslockedrangweretoldbrokewereeatenlikedDecidewhetheractiveorpassiveformsshouldbeusedinthesesentences.Writethecorrectformsintheblanks.Thetelephone___________(invent)byAlexanderGrahamBell.He________(born)in1847.Mr.Bell________(work)ontheinventionofthetelephonewithThomasWatson.In1875,Mr.Bell_________(learn)howtosendmusicalnoteswasinvitedwasbornworkedlearnedthroughaninstrumentsimilartoatelephone.Finally,thetelephone___________(invent)in1876.Thefirstsentencethat_______(say)onthetelephoneb