2023年河南省五市高三第二次聯(lián)考

英語(yǔ)

考生注意：

L答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將考生號(hào)條形碼粘貼

在答題卡上的指定位置。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改

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本試卷上無(wú)效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。

第I卷

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅

讀一遍。

1.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?

A.Inthestreet.B.Inapostoffice.C.Infrontof（heTVstation.

2.Whatisthemostprobableresultofthisconversation?

A.Thewomansatbetweenthemanandhisfriend.

B.Thewomansattogetherwithherfriend.

C.Themansattogetherwithhisfriend.

3.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?

A.She'snotverygoodathistory.

B.Shehasn'tpassedthephysicsexam.

CShedoesn'tliketoseeothershappy.

4.Whatistheweatherlikenow?

A.Warmandsunny.B.Sunnybutcold.C.Windyandcloudy.

5.Whyisthebackdoorleftopen?

A.Timandthedogareoutside.

B.Thetwospeakersarcgoingtobed.

C.Thewomantellsthemantoleaveitopen.

第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘。聽完

后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6s7題。

Wlierewillthemanspendthewinterholiday?

A.In(heStates.B.InAustria.C.InAustralia.

7.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?

A.Shewillhave(heholidaywiththeman.

B.Shehasalreadyappliedforapart-timejob.

C.ShewillvisittheundergroundCatholicchurches.

聽第7段材料，問(wèn)答第Rs1。題.

8.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Travelexpenses.B.Acomingconcert.C.Atravelexperience.

9.WhatwillMaryprobablyhavetodo?

A.Actasdirector.

B.Leaveforvacation.

C.Takechargeoffund—raising.

10.WhywillMaryprobablybecallingthechoirmembers?

AToaskforaloan.

B.Toaskfortheirhelp.

C.Totellthemtheconcertschedule.

聽第8段材料，回答第11-13題。

11.Wheredidthemansectheadvertisement?

A.OnTV.B.OntheInternet.C.Inthenewspaper.

12.Whichflatisthemaninterestedin?

A.Thethree—bedroomone.

B.Thetwo—bedroomone.

C.Theone—bedroomone.

13.Whatdoweknowabouttheflat?

A.Thereisnoplaceforparking.

B.Itsrentincludesgas,heatandelectricity.

C.Ithasalivingroom,akitchenandadiningroom.

聽第9段材料，回答第14sl6題。

14.Whatis(heprobablyrelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Doctorandpatient.

B.Managerandsecretary.

C.Shopassistantandcustomer.

15.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?

A.Sheisrunningahightemperature.

B.Sheishavingatooihache.

C.Sheishavingasorethroat.

16.Whatdoes(hemanadvise(hewomantodo?

A.Takesomepillsonceaday.

B.Takeagoodrestforacoupleofdays.

C.Drinkplentyofwaterandhavefriedfood.

聽第10段材料，回答第17s20題。

17.Whatarctheytalkingabout?

A.Whethertheyshouldgoforaholiday.

B.Wheretheyshouldgofortheholiday.

C.Howtheycouldsavemoneyfortheholiday.

18.Whydoesn'tthemanwanttogotoFlorida?

A.Itistoofar.

B.ItiswarmerthanSheffield.

C.ItiscolderthanSheffield.

19.Wheredocsthemanwanttogofortheholiday?

A.Sheffield.B.Hawaii.C.WalesorScotland.

20.Whichcountryareprobablythe:wospeakersfrom?

A.America.B.England.C.China.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將

該預(yù)涂黑。

A

Whatdoateacher,ajournalist,anartist,apilotandamathematicsprofessorhaveincommon?Theyall

becamefamousBritishchildreifswriters.

EnidBlyton

TheteacherwasEnidBlytonandshestartedwritinginhersparetime.Herstorieswereoftenabcutagroupof

children,andadog,whovisitedadifferentpartofthecountryineachbookandhadanadventureorsolvea

mysteiy—TheFamousFiveandTheSecretSeven.

AAMilne

ThejournalistAAMilnebccairefamousforwritingjusttwobooks,thefirstcalledWinnie-the-Pooh.There

wasonlyonechildinhisstories,whowasactuallybasedonhisson,ChristopherRobin,beforehewenttoschool.

Theother"people''wereeitheranimalsortoys.

BeatrixPotter

ArtistBeatrixPotterwroteherbooksabouttheanimalsshesawnearhercountryhomeandshealsodrewall

thepicturesforthestories.Shegavetheanimalsnames,andwiththefirstbook.TheTaleofPeterRabbit,shehad

theideaofsellingadollandagametoo.

RoaldDahl

RoaldDahlwroteabouthisadventuresasapilot,buthismostpopularstorieshappenedtoaboyorgirlwho

methorriblechildrenandadults,orstrangeanimals.Dahloftengavehischaractersfunnynames,likeAugustus

GlcopinCharlieandtheChocolateFactory.

LewisCarroll

Butthemathsprofessorwrotethestrangeststoriesofall.LewisCarroll'stwobooksarcaboutagirlcalled

Alicewhomeetsunusualanimalsandpeopleinadreamworld.Adultsenjoythebooksasmuchaschildren,

perhapsbecauseCarrolllovedtoplaywiththemeaningsofwords.Anoriginalcopyofthefirstbooksoldfor$1.5

millionacenturyafteritwasfirstpublished.

1.WhatwasEnidBlytondoingwhenshebeganherwritingcareer?

A.Shewaslookingafteradog.

B.Shewaslivingindifferentpartsofthecountry.

C.Shewasworkinginaschool.

D.Shewashavinganadventure.

2.WhichsentenceisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.BeatrixPotterbasedhercharactersonlocalwildlife.

B.ThecharactersinRoaldDahl'sbooksoftenhadfunnynames.

C.LewisCarroll'sfirstAlicebookwasfirstsoldfbrS1.5millionwhenpublished.

D.OnlyonecharacterinAAMilne'sstorieswasaperson.

3.Whichwritermaybethefavoriteforadults?

A.EnidBlyton.B.BeatrixPotter.C.AAMilne.D.LewisCarroll.

【答案】l.C2.C3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了幾位英國(guó)著名的兒童作家。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EnidBlyton部分中的“TheteacherwasEnidBlytonandshestartedwritinginherspare

time.（EnidBlyton是位老師，她在業(yè)余時(shí)間開始寫作）”可知，在EnidBlyton開始寫作生涯時(shí)，她在學(xué)校教

書。故選Co

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LewisCanoll部分中的“Anoriginalcopyofthefirstbooksoldfor$1.5millionacentury

afteritwasfirstpublished.（第一本書的原版在出版一個(gè)世紀(jì)后以150萬(wàn)美元的價(jià)格售出）”可知，C項(xiàng)

“LewisCairoll的第一本愛麗絲小說(shuō)出版后首次以150萬(wàn)美元的價(jià)格售出。”與原文描述不符，故選C。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LewisCarroll部分中的“Adultsenjoythebooksasmuchaschildren,perhapsbecause

Carrolllovedtoplaywiththemeaningsofwords.（大人和孩子一樣喜歡看這些書，也許是因?yàn)榭_爾喜歡玩弄

文字的含義）”可知，成年人最喜歡LewisCarroll寫的書。故選D。

B

Hawkingwasperhapsthemostfamousscientistintheworld.ButhumorwasalwaysabigpartofHawking's

efforttobringphysicstothemasses.Inhis2010book.TheGrandDesign,forinstance,hedescribeshow,in1277,

theCatholicChurchdeclaredscientificlawssuchasgravitytobewrong,sincetheyseemedagainstGod'sidea.

^Interestingly,thetextaddspuckishly,“Pope（教皇）Johnwaskillecbytheeffectsofthelawofgravityafew

monthslaterwhentheroofofhispalacefellinonhim.”

Hawkingwasonly21whenhewasdiagnosedwiththedegenerativemotorneurondisease-ALS（肌萎縮側(cè)

索硬化）.Formostpeople,theconditionwouldhavebeenadisaster.ButHawkingrolledoveradversity（困境）asif

itwerejustarockunderhiswheelchair.t€Lifewouldbetragic/'heoncesaid,“ifitweren'tfunny.^^

SoHawkingcrackedjokes.TherewasthetimewhentalkshowhostJohnOliveraskedhimaboutparallel

universes.tlDoesthatmeanthereisauniverseouttherewhereIainsmarterthanyou?”O(jiān)liverquipped.Hawking's

dryreply:"Yes.Andalsoauniversewhereyou'refunny.^^Hawkinglikedphysicalhumortoo.Hereportedly

enjoyedwheelinghischairoverthefeetofpeoplewhoannoyedhim,includingPrinceCharles.t€Amalicious

rumor,“Hawkingsaid."I'llrunoveranyonewhorepeatsit.”

Hawking'sgreatesthit,humor-wise,wasprobablythecocktailpartyhethrewin2009.Itwasa“welcome

receptionfbrfiituretimetravelersJhesaid,sonaturallyhesentouttheinvitationsthedayaftertheparty.Noone

showedupyet."Maybeonedaysomeonelivinginthefuturewillfindtheinformationanduseawormholelime

machinetocomebacktomyparty.”Hawkingexplained.Afterall.henevermissedachancetohavefun.

4.WhydidHawkingmentionPopeJohninhisbookTheGrandDesign?

A.HawkinghadgreatdoubtsaboutthepowerofGod.

B.HawkingwashappythatPopeJohngotthepunishmenthedeserved.

C.PopeJohnwasinfavorofthelawofgravity.

D.Hawkingwantedtoshowphysicstothemassesinahumorousmanner.

5.What'sHawking,sattitudetowarcshisadversityinlife?

A.Indifferent.B.Positive.C.Ambiguous.D.Confused.

6.WhydidnobodyshowupatthecocktailpartyheldbyHawking?

A.Peopleshowednointerestinfuturetimetravel.

B.Hawkingdelayedhandingouttheinvitations.

CThewormholetimemachinebrokedownhalfway.

D.Hawkingmistookthedateofthepartyforhispoormemory.

7.WhatcanweinferaboutHawkingfromthepassage?

A.Hawkingshowedhiscleardislikeofannoyingpeople.

B.Hawkingwasmoreacomedianthanaphysicist,

C.Hawkingwasimpoliteforwheelinghischairoverpeople'sfeet.

D.Hawkingheldapartythatnobodywantedtoattend.

【答案】4.D5.B6.B7.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述物理學(xué)家霍金表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的幽默感。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第?段”Hawkingwasperhapsthemostfamousscientistintheworld.Buthumorwasalways

abigpartofHawking'seflbrttobringphysicstothemasses.Inhis2010book,TheGrandDesign,forinstance,he

describeshow,in1277,theCatholicChurchdeclaredscientificlawssuchasgravitytobewrong,sincethey

seemedagainstGod'sidea.^Interestingly,Mthetextaddspuckishly,“Pope（教皇）Johnwaskilledbytheeffectsof

thelawofgravityafewmonthslaterwhentheroofofhispalacefellinonhim.''（霍金也許是世界上最著名的科

學(xué)家。但幽默一直是霍金將物理學(xué)帶給大眾的努力的重要組成部分。例如，在他2010年出版的《大設(shè)

計(jì)》一書中，他描述了1277年，天主教會(huì)如何宣布重力等科學(xué)定律是錯(cuò)誤的，因?yàn)樗鼈兯坪踹`背了上帝

的想法。“有趣的是，”文本頑皮地補(bǔ)充道，“教皇約翰在幾個(gè)月后被重力定律的影響殺死，當(dāng)時(shí)他的宮

殿屋頂?shù)舻搅怂砩稀！埃笨芍艚鹪凇洞笤O(shè)計(jì)》--書里提到教皇約翰，是想以幽默的方式向大眾展示

物理學(xué)。故選D。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段MFormostpeople,theconditionwouldhavebeenadisaster.ButHawkingrolledover

adversity（困境）asifitwerejustarockunderhiswheelchair.uLifewouldbetragic,“heoncesaid,uifitweren't

funny.”（對(duì)大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō)，這種情況將是一場(chǎng)災(zāi)難。但霍金克服了逆境，就好像這只是他輪椅下的一塊石

頭。”如果無(wú)趣的話，生活將是悲慘的，”他曾說(shuō)。）”可知，霍金面對(duì)逆境時(shí)是積極的態(tài)度。故選B。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Hawking'sgreatesthit,humor一wise,wasprobablythecocktailpartyhethrewin

20C9.Itwasa"welcomereceptionforfuturetimetravelers,"hesaid,sonaturallyhesentouttheinvitationstheday

after（heparty.Nooneshowedupyet.（霍金最受歡迎的幽默可能是他在2009年舉辦的雞尾酒會(huì)。他說(shuō)，這是

“對(duì)未來(lái)時(shí)間旅行者的歡迎招待會(huì)”，所以他很自然地在派對(duì)的第二天發(fā)出了邀請(qǐng)。然而，沒(méi)有人出

現(xiàn)。）”可知，沒(méi)杓人出現(xiàn)在他的雞尾酒會(huì)是因?yàn)樗难?qǐng)發(fā)出的晚了。故選B。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Hereportedlyenjoyedwheelinghischairoverthefeetofpeoplewhoannoyedhim,

includingPrinceCharles.44Amaliciousrumor,MHawkingsaid.'THrunoveranyonewhorepeatsit."（據(jù)報(bào)道,他

喜歡把椅子推到惹惱他的人的腳上，其中包括查爾斯王子。”一個(gè)惡意的謠言，”霍金說(shuō)。“我會(huì)碾壓任

何重復(fù)它的人。可知，霍金對(duì)惹人討厭的人展現(xiàn)明顯的不喜歡。故選A。

c

Fullyautonomouscarsmaynotbethatfarawayasmorevehiclescapableofhighlevelsofdrivingautomation

taketotheroadsthankstoadvancesinakeytechnologycalledLiDAR.Itisasensortechnologythatdetects

objectsandmapstheirdistancessoitcancreateamapoftheenvironmentaroundit.Thetechnologypromisesto

makedrivingsaferandsmarter,andmassproductionmaystartinthenearfuture.

HondaandBMWandsomeotherautomotivecompanieshaveannouncedtheimminentavailabilityofwhat

theycallaLevel3option.Level4meanshighdrivingautomation,andLevel5isfullyautomateddriving.LiDAR

makesIhalpossible,andChineseLi-DARtechnologiesdominatetheglobalmarket.Hesai,amajorLiDAR

company,debuteditslatestfullysolid—stateLiDARproduct,FT120,atthetechnologyshowintheNevadacity.

Toaccommodate(hechallengesthatautonomousvehiclesfacewithintheirperceptionsystem,Hesaihasdeveloped

theFT120fornear—rangeblind-spotcoverage.Designedasablind—spotdetectionsensorforAdvanced

DriverAssistanceSystems,theFT120helpsvehiclesaccuratelyidentifysmallobjectswhile(uming,passingand

parking,andimprovesoveralldrivingsafetyintoughscenarios.

ComparedwithcamerasLiDARprovidesbelterperceptioncapabilitiesandthereforemoresafetytodrivers,

saidSuYu,Hesai'smarketingdirector.4Torinstance,camerasareaffectedbylightanddonotworkwellatnight,

butLiDARdoesdependonlight."Hesaisaysthat,togetherwithitslong-rangehybridsolid-stateLiDARAT128,

thetwosensorsformacompleteautomotivegradeLiDARperceptionsolution.Asofnow,thecompanyhas

receivedpreordersoftheFT120with1millionunitsfromtopautomotiveOEMsandwillbegindeliveriesinthe

secondhalfof2023.

8.WhatcanwelearnaboutLiDARfromthepassage?

A.Itcanbeusedtocreatemapsabouttheworld.

B.Itcanavoidobjectsandmaptheroadenvironment.

C.Itguaranteesthesafetyofcar—makingprocess.

D.Themassproductionmaybearoundthecorner.

9Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inparagraph2referto?

A.Automateddriving.B.LiDARtechnologies.

C.Globalmarketdomination.D.TheoptionofdifferentLevels.

10.Whydoestheauthormentioncamerasinthelastparagraph?

A.Toprovidebackgroundinformation.

B.Tointroducetheworkingprincipleofcameras.

C.TohighlighttheadvantagesofLiDAR.

D.TostresshispreferenceforLiDAR.

11.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.LiDARMakesFullyAutomatedDrivingaPossibility

B.HesaiDominatestheGlobalMarket

C.ThePromisingFutureofFullyAutomatedDrivingIsSeenNow

D.MoreCompaniesAreDevelopingLiDARTechnologies

【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一種名為激光雷達(dá)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的進(jìn)步有可能會(huì)使全自動(dòng)駕駛汽車不

再那么遙遠(yuǎn)。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)第?段”Thetechnologypromisestomakedrivingsaferandsmarter,andmassproduction

maystartinthenearfuturc.（這項(xiàng)技術(shù)有望使駕駛變得更安全、更智能，并可能在不久的將來(lái)開始大規(guī)模生

產(chǎn)）”可知，LiDAR的大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)可能指日可待，故選D項(xiàng)。

【9題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文“Level5isfullyautomateddriving.LiDARmakesthatpossible,andChineseLi-DAR

technologiesdominatetheglobalmarkct.（第5級(jí)是全自動(dòng)駕駛。激光雷達(dá)使這成為可能，而中國(guó)的激光雷達(dá)

技術(shù)主導(dǎo)著全球市場(chǎng)）”可知，第二段中劃線同that指代的是全自動(dòng)駕駛，即激光雷達(dá)使全自動(dòng)駕駛成為可

能。故選A項(xiàng)。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段ComparedwithcamerasLiDARprovidesbetterperceptioncapabilitiesand

thereforemoresafetytodrivers,saidSuYu,Hesai'smarketingdirector."Forinstance,camerasareaffectedby

lightanddonotworkwellatnight,butLiDARdoesdependonlight."（和賽的市場(chǎng)總監(jiān)蘇宇說(shuō),與攝像頭相

比，激光雷達(dá)提供了更好的感知能力，因此對(duì)駕駛員來(lái)說(shuō)更安全。“例如，相機(jī)會(huì)受到光線的影響，在晚

上不能很好地工作，但激光雷達(dá)確實(shí)依賴光線）”推知，最后一段提到攝像頭的目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)激光雷達(dá)的優(yōu)

勢(shì)，故選C項(xiàng)。

[11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Thetechnologypromisestomakedrivingsaferandsmarter,andmassproduction

maystartinthenearfulure.（這項(xiàng)技術(shù)有望使駕駛變得更安全、更智能，并可能在不久的將來(lái)開始大規(guī)模生

產(chǎn)）”、第二段“Level5isfullyautomateddriving.LiDARmakesihatpossible（第5級(jí)是全自動(dòng)駕駛。激光雷

達(dá)使這成為可能）”以及最后一段“Asofnow,thecompanyhasreceivedpreordersoftheFT120with1million

unitsfromtopautomotiveOEMsandwillbegindeliveriesinthesecondhalfof2023.（截至目前,該公司已收到

來(lái)自頂級(jí)汽車原始設(shè)備制造商的100萬(wàn)輛FT120的預(yù)購(gòu)，并將于2023年下半年開始交付）”可知，文章介

紹了一種名為激光雷達(dá)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的進(jìn)步有可能會(huì)使全自動(dòng)駕駛汽車不再那么遙遠(yuǎn)。A項(xiàng)"LiDARMakes

FullyAutomatedDrivingaPossibility（激光雷達(dá)使全自動(dòng)駕駛成為可能）”可以作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選A

項(xiàng)。

D

Newresearchsuggeststhatonenightofsleepwithjustasmallamountoflightmayhavenegativeeffectson

health.

Thesmall,20—personstudyconductedbyDr.PhyllisZee,directoroftheCenterforCircadian（生理節(jié)奏的）

andSleepMedicine,wasdesignedtomeasurethephysiologicaleffectsof100lux（照度）ofartificiallighton

healthyadultswhiletheyweresleeping.Forthestudy,alltheparticipantsspenttheirfirstnightsleepinginamostly

darkroom.Thenextnight,halfofthemsleptinabetterlitroom.Meanwhile,theresearchersrantestsonthe

sleepers:brainwaves,heartratesandblood.Inthemorning,they,dgivebothgroupsalargeamountofsugartosee

howwelltheirsystemsrespondedtoit.

Thegroupexposedtothelighthadraisedheartratesthroughoutthenight,andalsohadtroublegettingtheir

bloodsugarintoanormalrange.

Thesechangessuggestasmallamountoflightwasenoughtoshiftthenervoussystemtoamoreexcitedand

alertstate."It'salmostlikethebrainandtheheartknewthatthelightswereon,althoughtheindividualwas

sleeping.,,saysZee.

Whilethefindingsofthisstudyalonecan't,predictwhatwouldhappeninthelongterm,Dr.Colwellsuspects

thehannfiileffectswouldbecumulative.t4Thiswasonlyonenight,soimagineifyouarclivingthatway

constantIy?^^

"That'sgoingtoincreasetheriskoflong——termdiseases/'saysDr.CharlesCzcislcrwhoseresearchhas

lookedattheconsequencesofcircadianrhythmsleepdisorderforlongerthanjustonenight.Heconcludedthatthe

unpleasanteffectswereprimarybecauseofthe''internalclock''beingdisturbed—notnecessarilybecauseofthe

lackofsleep.

Thisisnottosaythatthelackofsleepdoesn'talsohavenegativeeffectsonhealth'itdoes——buthesaysit

simplystressesthelastingconsequencesofbeingexposedtolightatnighttime.''Peoplethinkthataslongasthey

fallasleepandareunconscious,it'snothavingphysiologicaleffects,butthat'ssimplynottrue,“Czeislersays.

12.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?

A.Thebackgroundofthestudy.B.Theresultofthestudy.

C.Theprocessofthestudy.D.Theevaluationofthestudy.

13.Whatcanweinferfromthenewresearch?

A.Lightplaysacriticalroleinregulatingcircadianrhythm.

B.Asmallamountoflightatnightislinkedwithsleepdepth.

C.Thelackofsleepleadstolong-termsleepdisorder.

D.Sleepingwithalittlebitoflightisn'tgoodfbryourhealth.

14.WhatisthesimilaritybetweenZee'sandCzeisler^viewsonthestudy?

A.Themoreyousleep,thehealthieryouwillbe.

B.Physiologicaleffectsexisteventhoughpeoplearesleepingwithlighton.

C.Sleepqualityliesinhowyoufeciaboutthesleepinspiteoflight.

D.Itisthecircadianrhythmsleepdisorderthatmatters.

15.Wheredoesthepassageprobablycomefrom?

A.Ahealthquestionnaire.B.Asciencejournal.

C.Ahealthstory.D.Asciencefiction.

【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。新的研究表明，晚上伴著少量的光睡覺(jué)可能會(huì)對(duì)健康產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。

【12題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段笫一句"Thesmall,20-personstudyconductedbyDr.PhyllisZee,directorofthe

CenterforCircadian（生理節(jié)奏的）andSleepMedicine,wasdesignedtomeasurethephysiologicaleffectsof100

lux（照度）ofartificiallightonhealthyadultswhiletheyweresleeping.（這項(xiàng)由晝夜節(jié)律和睡眠醫(yī)學(xué)中心主任菲

利斯.澤伊博士進(jìn)行的2。人小型研究旨在測(cè)量100勒克斯的人造光對(duì)健康成年人睡眠時(shí)的生埋影響。）”和

最后三句"Thenextnight,halfofthemsleptinabetterlitroom.Meanwhile,theresearchersrantestsonthe

sleepers:brainwaves,heartratesandblood.Inthemorning,they,dgivebothgroupsalargeamountofsugartosee

howwelldieirsystemsrespondedtoil.（第二天晚上，他們中的一拉睡在光線更好的房間里。與此同時(shí)，研究

人員對(duì)睡眠者進(jìn)行了測(cè)試：腦波、心率和血液。早上，他們會(huì)紿兩組人大量糖，看看他們的系統(tǒng)對(duì)糖的反

應(yīng)如何。）”可知，第二段主要是講研究是怎么進(jìn)行的。故選C。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Newresearchsuggeststhatonenightofsleepwithjustasmallamountoflightmay

havenegaliveeffectsonhealth.（新的研究表明，晚上伴著少量的光睡覺(jué)可能會(huì)對(duì)健康產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。）”可

知，新的研究表明晚上伴著少量的光睡覺(jué)對(duì)健康沒(méi)有好處。故選D。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段""It'salmostlikethebrainandtheheartknewthatthelightswereon,although

theindividualwassleeping“saysZee.（“這幾乎就像大腦和心臟知道燈亮著，盡管這個(gè)人正在睡覺(jué)。”Zee

說(shuō)。）”和文章最后一段""Peoplethinkthataslongastheyfallasleepandarcunconscious,it'snothaving

physiologicaleffects,butthat'ssimplynottrue,“Czeislersays.（"人們認(rèn)為只要他們睡著了,沒(méi)有意識(shí),就不

會(huì)有生理上的影響，但這根本不是真的，”切斯勒說(shuō)。）”可推知，Zee和Czeisler觀點(diǎn)相似之處在于他們

認(rèn)為即使人們開著燈睡覺(jué)，生理效應(yīng)仍然存在。故選B。

15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第?段"Newresearchsuggeststhatonenighlofsleepwilhjuslasmallamountoflight

mayhavenegativeeffectsonhealth.（新的研究表明，晚上伴著少量的光睡覺(jué)可能會(huì)對(duì)健康產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影

響。）”可知，文章屬于科普類的說(shuō)明文，講述了伴著燈光睡眠對(duì)健康的影響，由此可推知，文章有可能

出自一本科學(xué)雜志。故選B。

第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

Beinghappycanmeanmanydifferentthings.16Othertimes,it'smoreaboutbalance,calm,and

quietude.

17Theycanhelpyoubridgethegapbetweenthetimesyouare,say,havingfunwhilebeing

physicallyactiveoratasocialhourwithagroupoffriends.

Passivehappinessisanaturalcomplementtoactivehappiness.Bothstatesarefleeting,sowhenonefades,try

yourbesttoinvoketheother.Herearcafewwaysyoucantapintoyourpassivehappiness:

18Focusonthepresentmoment,actpurposefully,andallowyourinternalthoughtstoaccordwith

yourexternalenvironment.AccordingtoarecentstudypublishedinAdaPsychologicalmindfu1nesscanhelpease

emotionaldysregulation.

Begrateful.Taketimethroughoutthecourseofyourdaytoreflectonthethingsthataremostimportantto

you.Spendtimeinnature.19

Forgive.Letgoofthepast.Don'tharborresentmentorholdgrudges.OnestudypublishedintheJournalof

PersonalityandSocialPsychologyfoundthatforgivenessasopposedtorevenge,helpedrestorepeopledsenseof

humanityandbelongingness.20askyourselfwhatyourpersonalbarrierstoforgivenessareandtaketime

toreflectonhowremaininginanunforgivingstateisaffectingyouremotionalwell-being.

A.Practicemindfulness

B.Followyourinnerthought

C.Don'toverlookthese"passive“statesofhappiness

D.Whenyouloseyourtemperandcan'tcontrolyourself

E.Sometimes,it'saboutlaughter,love,movement,andpassion

F.Ifyoufindyourselfbeingreluctanttoforgivesomeonewhohashurtyou

G.Showappreciationforothersandbetrulythankfulwhenyoureceiveitback

【答案】16.E17.C18.A19.G20.F

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文,文章主要介紹了你獲得被動(dòng)幸福的一些方法。

【16題詳解】

上文“Beinghappycanmeanmanydifferentthings.（快樂(lè)意味著許多不同的東西。）”指出快樂(lè)意味著許多不

同的東西。空處承接上文，具體描述這些東西是什么，E項(xiàng)“有時(shí)，它是關(guān)于笑聲，愛，運(yùn)動(dòng)和激情”符

合,其中“Sometimes”和下文“Othertimes,”相呼應(yīng),E項(xiàng)和下文uOthertimes,it,smoreaboutbalance,

calm,andquietude.（其他時(shí)候，它更多的是關(guān)于平衡、平靜和安解。）”構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，故選E。

【17題詳解】

下文“Theycanhelpyoubridgethegapbetweenthetimesyouare,say,havingfunwhilebeingphysicallyactive

oratasocialhourwithagroupoffriends.（它們可以幫助你縮小時(shí)間差距，比如說(shuō)，在身體活動(dòng)的同時(shí)享受樂(lè)

趣，或者在社交時(shí)間和一群朋友在一起。）”和第三段講的被動(dòng)幸福可知，此處在介紹“它們”的好處，結(jié)

合上文第一段提出了不同的幸福狀態(tài)可知，“它們”指的是不同的幸福狀態(tài)，C項(xiàng)“不要忽視這些“被

動(dòng)”的幸福狀態(tài)”符合，下文具體解釋了為什么不要忽視這些幸福狀態(tài)，故選C。

【18題詳解】

此處是本段中心句，即讓你獲得被動(dòng)幸福的一個(gè)方法，由下文4iFocusonthepresentmoment,act

purposefully,andallowyourinternalthoughtstoaccordwithyourexternalenvironment.Accordingtoarecent

studypublishedinActaPsychologicalmindfulnesscanhelpeaseemotionaldysregulation.（專注于當(dāng)下，有目的

地行動(dòng)，讓你的內(nèi)在思想與你的外部環(huán)境相一致。根據(jù)最近發(fā)表在《學(xué)報(bào)》上的一項(xiàng)研究，心理正念可以

幫助緩解情緒失調(diào)。）”可知，本段主要介紹要練習(xí)正念，A項(xiàng)“練習(xí)正念”能概括本段內(nèi)容，故選A。

【19題詳解】

本段中心句“Begrateful.（要感恩）”可知，本段介紹獲得被動(dòng)幸福的一個(gè)辦法是要感恩，G項(xiàng)“對(duì)他人表示

感激，當(dāng)你收到回報(bào)時(shí)，要真心感激”符合本段中心，故選G。

【20題詳解】

上文“OnestudypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychologyfoundthatforgiveness,as

opposedtorevenge,helpedrestorepeopledsenseofhumanityandbelongingness（發(fā)表在《人格與社會(huì)心理學(xué)雜

志》上的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與復(fù)仇相反，寬恕有助于恢復(fù)人們的人性和歸屬感。）”指出研究表明寬恕他人有

好處，下文“askyourselfwhatyourpersonalbarrierstoforgivenessareandtake（imetoreflectonhow

remaininginanunforgivingstateisaffectingyouremotionalwell-being.（H問(wèn)自己，你個(gè)人的寬恕障礙是什

么，花點(diǎn)時(shí)間反思一下，保持一種不寬容的狀態(tài)是如何影響你的情緒健康的。）”指需在不愿意寬恕別人的

情況下，我們應(yīng)該如何做，空處是下文的條件，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不愿意原諒傷害過(guò)你的人”符合，

故詵Fo

第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最

佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

WhenMrs.Kleintoldherfirstgraderstodrawapictureofsomethingforwhichtheywerethankful,she

thoughthow21thesechildren,wholivedinadeteriorating（正在惡化的）neighborhood,actuallyhadto

bethankfulfor.SinceitwasThanksgivingDay,she22thatmostoftheclasswoulddrawpicturesof

turkeysorofThanksgivingtableswithlotsoffood.Thatwaswhattheybelievedwasexpectedofthem.

WhattookMrs.KleinabackwasDouglas's23.Douglaswassolonelyandlikelytobefoundclose

inher24astheywentoutsideforbreak.Douglas'sdrawingwassimplythis:Ahand.25but

whosehand?Theclasswas26byhisimage.

“IthinkitmustbethehandofGodthatbringsusfood/7saidonestudent.

“Afarmer,Msaidanother,4tbec