醫學英語課程Firstaid國家級臨床醫學專業教學資源庫語

法

篇定語從句語法講解

Non-finite1.Themanisaworker.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.合并句子:Themanwho

isspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.主句從句定語從句概念:在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子.(Attributiveclause)Maryisabeautiful

girl.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.形容詞作定語句子作定語,修飾girl,叫做定語從句Maryisagirl.(主句)Maryhaslonghair.(從句)合并為一個句子Maryisagirl

whohaslonghair.主句定語從句先行詞關系詞定語從句Maryisagirl

who

haslonghair.關系代詞關系副詞which,thatwho,whom,whoseWhere,when,why

定語從句的用法:1.當先行詞是物時,用which

或that引導.Thesearethe

treeswhich

/that

wereplantedlastyear.2.當先行詞是人時,用who,

whom,whose,that引導.Thesearethe

studentswho/that

wonthefirstplacelastyear.Thegirl(whom)ImetisLucy.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.3.who,whom,whose,that用法區別.⑴who作定語從句的主語或賓語.Themanwho

isspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.(主句)Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.(從句)分解作主語⑵Whom

作定語從句的賓語Thewomanwhom

theywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.(主句)Theywantedtovisitthewoman.(定語從句)分解作賓語⑶whose

作定語從句的定語.Iknowthegirlwhose

motherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.(主句)Thegirl’smotherisateacher.

定語從句作定語⑷that可以作定語從句的主語和賓語.注意:

關系代詞作動詞賓語時可省略.Thewoman(whom/that)

theywantedtovisitisateacher.分解Thewomanisateacher.(主句)Theywantedtovisit

thewoman.(定語從句)作賓語Haveatry指出關系代詞（副詞）在定語從句中的成份：1.Themanwho

cametoourschoolisMr.Wang.()2.Thegirl(whom)

ImetisLucy.()3.Achildwhose

parentsaredeadiscalledTom.()4.Ilikethebook(which)

youboughtyesterday.()

主語賓語定語賓語4.只能用that的情況①序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾先行詞時Tomisthecleverest

boy

thatIhaveeverknown.Thisisthefirst

playthatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.③everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等不定代詞作先行詞時

Everything

thatwesawinthisfilmwastrue.②先行詞被every,some,no,all,any,little,much等修飾時。I’vereadallthebooksthatyoulendme.④先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時。Thisistheverybook

that

belongstohim.⑤主句已有who或which時Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree?WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday.⑥

當先行詞同時指人和物時I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.5.關系代詞前有介詞時(介詞提前).指人只用whom,指物只用whichThisistheboywith

whomhetalked.Thisistheringon

whichshespent1000dollars.6.關系副詞關系副詞是引導定語從句的，在從句中作狀語。

where:在從句中作地點狀語,指代地點.

The

hotelwasn’tclean.(主句)

Westayedatthehotel.(定語從句)Thehotel

wherewestayedwasn’tclean.Thehotel

atwhichwestayedwasn’tclean.The

hotel

(which)

westayedatwasn’tclean.地點狀語分解

I’llneverforgettheday.(主句)

IjoinedthePartyonthatday.

(定語從句)I’llneverforgettheday

when

IjoinedtheParty.I’llneverforgettheday

onwhich

IjoinedtheParty.時間狀語分解when:

在從句中作時間狀語,指代時間。Exercise1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.4.Myparentsliveinahouse__________ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrother.6.Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.7.Isthereanything________youwanttobuyinthetown.8.All______wecandoistostudyhard.9.Thefirstone_____standsupisalittleboy.10.Thisistheschool_____Mr.Smithoncetaught.Exercise1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.4.Myparentsliveinahouse__________ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrother.which/thatwhom6.Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.which/that7.Isthereanything________youwanttobuyinthetown.8.All______wecandoistostudyhard.9.Thefirstone_____standsupisalittleboy.10.Thisistheschool_____Mr.Smithoncetaught.thatthatthatwhereExercise由Who引導的定語從句，在句中做主語\賓語1、Doyouknowtheman___istalkingwithyourfather?A.whoseB.whoC.which2、Theboys___theteachertalkedtoarefromClassOne.A.whenB.whichC.who3、Those___wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.A.whoB.whichC.whom選擇題4.Thegentleman___youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whom5.Thedoctor___youarelookingforisintheroom.A.whomB.whatC.which6.

Theteacherfor____youarewaitinghascome.A.whoB.whomC.that由Whom引導的定語從句，在句中做賓語介詞提前時只能用whom7.Achild___parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whichB.hisC.whose8.Thisbookisforthestudents___native(本國的)languageisnotEnglish.A.thatB.ofwhomC.whose9.Theboy___compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.that由Whose引導的定語從句,在句中做定語10、Hepreferstoeattherice___inthesouth.A.whoisgrownB.

which