2020?2021學年重慶市沙坪壩區青木關中學高二(上)第二次月

考英語試卷

A

AttractionsinWisconsin

WisconsinHistoricalMuseum

30N.CarrolIStreetonMadison'sCapitolSquare

DiscoverWisconsin'shistoryandcultureonfourfloorsofexhibits.Openforpublicprogram.Admissionis

free.

OpenTuesdaythroughSaturday,9：00am-4：00pm.

(608)264-6555www.wisconsinhistory.oro/niuseum

Swisshistoricalvillage

612SeventhAve.，NewGlarus

TheSwissHistoricalVillageoffersadelightfullookatpioneerlifeinAmerica'sheartland.14buildingsin

thevillagegiveafullpictureofeverydaylifeinthenineteenth-centuiyMidwest.

Tue.-Fri.,May1st-October31st?10：00am-4：00pm.Admissionis$20.

(608)527-2317

ArtisanGallery&CreameryCafe

6858PaoliRd.,Paoli,WI

Oneof(helargestcollectionsoffineartsandcrafts(手?工藝品)inWisconsin.Ovcr5000sp.ft.of

exhibitionspaceinahistoriccreamery.Whilevisiting,enjoyawonderfullypreparedlunchatourcafe

overlookingtheSugarRiver.JustminutesfromMadison!

GalleryopenTue.-Sun.,10：00am-5：00pm.

CafeopenWed.-Sat.?11：00am-3：(JOpm.

Sun.brunchwithwine,10：00-3：00pm.

(608)845-6600

ChristopherColumbusMuseum

239WhitneySt.?Columbus

World-classexhibit-200()qualitysouvenirs(紀念品)markingChicago's1893WorldColumbian

Exhibilion.Tourbusesarcalwayswelcome.

Opendaily,8：15am-4：00pm.

(920)623-1992

1.WhichofthefollowingisonCapitolSquare?

A.WisconsinHistoricalMuseum.B.SwissHistoricalVillage.

C.ArtisanGallery&CreameryCafe.D.ChristopherColumbusMuseum.

2.WherecanyougoforavisitonMonday?

A.WisconsinHistoricalMuseum.B.SwissHistoricalVillage.

C.ArtisanGallery&Creamerycaf6.D.ChristopherColumbusMuseum.

3.Wherecanvisitorshavelunch?

A.AtWisconsinHistoricalMuseum.

B.AtSwissHistoricalVillage.

C.AtArtisanGallery&CreameryCafe.

D.AtChristopherColumbusMuseum.

B

"WhomadeyourT-shirt?"AHanardUniversitystudentraisedthatquestion.PiertiaRivoli?aprofessor

ofbusiness,wantedtofindtheanswer.Afewweekslater,sheboughtaTshirtandbegantofollowitspath

fromTexascotton,toChinesefactoryandtocharitybin（慈善捐贈箱）.Theresultisaninterestingnew

book.TheTravelsofaT-shirtintheGlobalEconomy.

FollowingaT-shirtaroundtheworldisawaytomakeherpointmoreinteresting,butitalsofreesRivoli

fromtheusualargumentsoverglobaltrade.ShegoeswherevertheT-shirtgoes,andtherearesurprises

aroundeverycomer.InChina?Rivolishowswhyaclothingfactory,evenwithitspoorconditions,means

asteptowardsabettercareforthepeoplewhoworkthere.Inthecolorfuluscd-clothingmarketsof

Tanzania,sherealizesthat,"itisonlyinthisfinalstageoflifethattheT-shirtwillmeetarealmarket,

"wherethepriceofashirtchangesbythehourandisdifferentbyitssizeandevencolor.Rivoli'sbookis

fullofmemorablepeopleandscenes,likethenoise,thebadairandthe"muddysweetsmellofthecotton,

"shesays."Hereinthefactory,ShanghaismellslikeshallowwaterTexas."

Rivoliisatherbestwhenmakingthosesortsofunexpectedconnections.Sheevenfindsonebetweenthe

freetradersandthosewhoareagainstglobalization.Thechancesopenedupbytradearevast,sheargues,

butfreemarketsneedthecorrectingforceofpoliticstokeepthemincheck.Trueeconomicprogressneeds

both.

4.WhatdowelearnaboutProfessorRivoli?

A.Sheusedtoworkoncottorfarm.

B.Shewroteabookaboutworldtrade.

C.Shewantstogiveupherteachingjob.

D.ShewearsaT-shirtwherevershegoes.

5.BysayingT-shirt"meetarealmarket"?RivolimeansinTanzania.

A.cheaperT-shirtsareneeded

B.usedT-shirtsarchardtosell

C.pricesofT-shirtsriseandfallfrequently

D.pricesofT-shirtsarcusual.yreasonable

6.Whatdoestheword"them"underlinedinthelastparagraphreferto?

A.Freemarkets.B.Pricechanges.

C.Unexpectedconnections.D.Chancesopenedupbytrade.

7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.WhatT-shirtsCanDotoHelpCottonFanns

B.HowT-shirtsAreMadeinShanghai

C.HowT-shirtsAreSoldinTanzania

D.WhatT-shirtsCanTeachUs

c

Peoplewhoofteneatnutsappeartclivelonger,accordingtothelateststudyofitskindThefindings,

publishedintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine,suggestedthegreatestbenefitwasinthoseeatingthem

ontheirdailydiet.

Eatingnutswaslinkedtoahealthierlifestyleincludingbeinglesslikelytosmokeorbeoverweightand

morelikelytocxcrcise.ThcBritishHeartFoundationsaidmoreresearchwasneededtoprovethelink.

"Whilethisisaninterestinglink,weneedfurtherresearchtomakesureifit'sthenutsthatprotectheart

health,orothersidesofpeople'slifestyle

Thestudyfollowednearly120,00C1peoplefor30years.Themoreregularlypeopleatenuts,thelesslikely

theyweretodieduringthestudy.Peopleeatingnutsonceaweekwere11%lesslikelytohavediedduring

thestudythanthosewhoneveratenuts.LeadresearcherDr.CharlesFuchs,fromtheDana-FarberCancer

InstituteandBrighamandWomen'sHospital,said,"Themostobviousbenefitwasadecreaseof29%in

deathsfromheartdisease,butwealsosawasignificantreduction-11%-inthedangerofdyingfrom

cancer.',

Theysuggestnutsareloweringcholesterol（膽固醉）andinsulinresistance（胰島素抗性）.Nutscontain

unsaturatedfat（不飽和脂肪），protein（蛋白質）andseveralkindsofvitaminsandmineralsandthey

cantaketheplaceofsnackslikechocolatebars,cakesandbiscuits.

VictoriaTaylor,seniorexpertattheBritishHeartFoundation，said,"Thisstudyshowscloseconnection

betweenregularlyeatingasmallluuidfulofnutsandalowerriskofdeathfromheartdisease."Choosing

plain,unsaltedfoodsratherthansweet,salted,orchocolate-coveredwillkeepyoursaltandsugarintake

down.

8.Accordingtothepassage,whatkindofpeoplebenefitmostfromeatingnuts?

A.Thosewhoeatmostnutsatatime.

B.Thosewhocatmostnuts.

C.Thosewhoeatnutsonthei-dailydiet.

D.Thosewhocatlessnuts.

9.Whichkindofdiseasehadamostdecreaseforregularnutseatijr?

A.Cancer.B.Heartdisease.

C.Stomachdisease.D.Unknown.

10.Thewriterdeveloped(hearticlemainlyby.

A.providingfactsB.givingexamples

C.listingdataD.comparingthedifference

11.Whichsectionshouldthepassagebetakenfromthenewspaper?

A.Sciencesection.B.Healthsection.

C.Entertainmentsection.D.Techsection.

D

Afoodadditive(添加劑)isanysubstancethatisaddedtofood.Manypeoplearcputoffbytheideaof

"chemicalsinfood."Thetruthisthatallfo(xlismadeupofchemicals.Naturalsubstanceslikemilk,aswell

asman-madeoneslikedrinksonsaleinthemarket,canbedescribedbychemicalfbnnulas.Some

chemicalsubstancesareindeedharnifuhbutapersonwhorefusedtoconsumeanychemicalswouldfind

nothingtoeat.

Thethingsweeatcanbedividedintonaturalandman-madesubstances.Somepeoplefeelthatonlynatural

foodsarehealthyandthatallman-madeingredientsaretobeavoided.Butmanynaturalchemicals,found

inplantsandanimals?archarmtulwheneaten,andsomelaboratory-madesubstancesincreasethe

nutritionalvalueoffood.Otherchemicalshavenaturalandman-madeformsthatareexactlyalike：vitamin

CisvitaminC,whetheritcomesfrematesttubeorfromanorangc.Likc"chemical","man-made"doesn't

necessarilymean"notfittocat".

Foodadditivesareusedformanyreasons.Weaddsugarandsailandotherthingstofoodsweprepareat

hometomakethemtastebetter.Foodproducershavedevelopedarangeofadditivesthatstabilize?thicken?

harden,keepwet,keepfirm,orimprovetheappearanceoftheirprodicts.Additivescanmakefoodmore

convenientornutritious,giveitalongershelflife,andmakeitmoreattractiveto(heconsumer?thus

increasingthesalesandprofitsoftheproducers.

Foodadditivesarcpresentlythecentreofastormofseriousargumcnt.Foodproducershavebeenknownto

useadditivesthathavenotbeenprovedsafe；somesubstancesincommonusehavebeenprovedunsafe

andhavebeentakenoffthemarket.Manypeoplefeelthere'sariskofeatingfoodtowhichanythinghas

beenadded.ButfoodadditivesarenowregulatedbytheFDAofthefeceralgovernment,andnew

additiveswillgothroughstricttestingbeforetheycanbeplacedonthemarket.Formostpeople,the

chancesofdevelopingserioussideeffects(副作用)fromthelong-termuseofpresentlyapproved(It匕

準)foodadditivesareverysmall.

12.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat.

A.naturalfoodsaremuchsaferthanman-madeones

B.itisrighttorefusechemicalsinfood

C.foodadditivesarehannful(oourhealth

D.allfoodshavechemicalsubstances

13.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Foodadditivescanimprovethequalityoffoodsinmanyways.

B.Toensurefoodsafety,(heFDAwillstopfoodadditives.

C.Foodsfreeofadditivescankeepamuchlongershelflife.

D.Foodswithmoreadditiveshavehighernutritionalvalue.

14.WecaninferfromtheregulationtothefoodadditivesbytheFDAthat.

A.newadditiveswillbeapprovedmoreeasilythanbefore

B.foodwithcommon-usedadditiveswillbetakenoffthemarket

C.foodadditiveswillbeusedinasaferandmorescientificway

D.foodproducerswon'tbeallowedtousenewfoodadditives

15.Accordingtothewriter,thefoodadditiveis.

A.worryingB.acceptableC.poisonousD.avoidable

Forgiveness

Toforgivei*nvirtue,hutnnonehaseversaidilKeasy.Whensomeonehasdeeplyhurlyon.itcanhe

extremelydifficulttoletgoofyourhate.However,forgivenessispossible,anditcanbesurprisingly

beneficialtoyourphysicalandmentalhealth.Peoplewhoforgiveshowlesssadness,angerandstressand

morehopefulness,accordingtoarecentresearch.

(1)Trythefollowingsteps：

Calmyourself.(2)Youcantakeacoupleofbreathsandthinkofsomething(hatgivesyoupleasure：a

beautifulsceneinnature,orsomeoneyoulove.

Don'twaitforanapology.Manytimesthepersonwhohurtyoudoesnotintendtoapologize/i'heymay

havewantedtohurtyouortheyjustdon'tseethingsthesamewav.(3)Keepinmindthatforgivenessdoes

notnecessarilymeanbecomingfriendsagainwiththepersonwhoupsetyou.

Takethecontrolawayfromyouroffender(冒犯者).Rethinkingaboutyouhurtgivespowertotheperson

whocausesyoupain.Insteadoffocusingonyourstrongfeelings,learntolookforthelove?beautyand

kindnessaroundyou.

(4)Ifyouunderstandyouroffender,youmayrealizethatheorshewasactingoutofunawareness,fear,

andevenlove.Youmaywanttowritealettertoyourselffromycuroffender'spointofview.

Don'tforgettoforgivevourser.(5)Butitcanrobyouofyourself-confidenceifyoudon'tdoit.

A.Whyshouldyouforgive?

B.Howshouldyoustarttoforgive?

C.Rccognizcthebenefitsofforgiveness.

D.Trytoseethingsfromyouoffender'sangle.

E.Forsomepeople,forgivingthemselvesis(hebiggestchallenge.

F.Tomakeyourangerdieaway?tryasimplestress-managementtechnique.

G.Ifyouwaitforpeopletoapologize,youcouldbewaitinganawfullylongtime.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

Thedaywheniwouldgoofftocollegewasaroundthecorner.Momstoodmeinherusualspotbehindthe

ironingboard(燙衣板)andsaid,"Payattention：I'mgoingtoteachyoutoiron."

Momclearlyexplainedher(21)forthislesson.Iwasgoingtobe(22)andneededtoIearnthis(23)skill.Also>

Iwouldbemeetingnewpeople,andproperlyironedclotheswouldhelpmemakeagood(24)."Leamto

ironashirt,°Momsaid,"andyoucaniron(25)."

Butironingshirtswasnot(26)work.Itdidn'tmakeuse(27)longmusclesweusedtothrowabaseball,and

itwasn'ta(28)operationlikeiceskating.Ironingwaslikedrivingacaronastreetthathasastop(29)every

10feet.What'smore,anironproducedsteamanditcarriedapossibilityof(30).Ifyoutouchedthewrong

panofinyou'dgeU3l).Ifyouforgoi(o(urniioffwhenvou(32),youmighiburndownihehouse.

Asfortechnique.Mom(33)metobeginit,(34)soundedeasybutskilful.Momsaiditlookedverysimple,

butyoumustdoitwithyour(35).Overtheyears,I'velearnedtoironshirtsskillfully*whichgivesmea

senseof(36).

(37)failuresIsufferinmylife,anironedshirttellsmeIamgoodatsomething.(38),throughironingI've

learnedhowtofindout(hc(39)tov/orkingouteventhemosttroublesomeproblems."(40)wrinkles(皺

褶)oneatatime,"asMommighthavesaid."andbeforelongeverylhingwillgetironedout."

21.A.emotionsB.rulesC.reasonsD.methods

22.A.helpfulB.confidentC.powerfulD.independent

23.A.patientB.necessaryC.energeticD.frightening

24.A.conclusionB.suggestionC.impressionD.observation

25.A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.none

26.A.usefulB.easyC.specialD.suitable

27.A.ofB.inC.forD.from

28.A.directB.singleC.smoothD.strange

29.A.advertisementB.signC.symbolD.mark

30.A.doubtB.pressureC.surpriseD.danger

31.A.burntB.warmC.excitedD.ill

32.A.jumpedoffB.felldownC.wentawayD.setsail

33.A.taughtB.choseC.forcedD.persuaded

34.A.whoB.itC.thatD.which

35.A.attractionB.designC.intelligenceD.strength

36.A.honestyB.freedomC.justiceD.pride

37.A.WhicheverB.WhceverC.WhereverD.Whatever

38.A.InsteadB.BesidesC.OthcnviseD.However

39.A.collectionB.lessonC.wayD.solution

40.A.MakeupB.DealwithC.AskforD.Relyon

41.Didyougrowupinoneculture,yourparentscamefromanother,andyouarcnowliving

ina(1)(total)differentcountrj,?Ifso,thenyouareathird-culturekid.

Theterm"third-cuiturekid',(2)(use)inthe1960sforthefirsttimebyDr.Ruth.Shefirst

cameacrossthisphenomenonwhile(3)(research)NorthAmericanchildrenlivinginIndia.In

general.third-cuiturekidsbenefitfrom(4)(they)interculturalexperienceandtheyoftenreach

excellentacademicresults.

Yetmany(5)(difficulty)mayarisefromthisphenomenon.Third-culturekidsmaynothe

abletoadaptthemselvescompletely(6)theiinewsunoundings.Also,theyoftenfindithaid(7)

(develop)newfriendship.Additionally,forathird-culturekid,itisofteneasiertomoveto

anewcountry(8)toreturn(ohishomeland.Forexample?afterlivinginAustraliaformanyyears.

Louisfinallyreturnedtothecountry(9)shewasborn.Shedidn'tknowanythingaboutcurrentTV

shows(10)fashiontrends.Andshedidn'tsharethesamevaluesasotherteensofherage.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

⑻

⑼

(10)

42.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改稀同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有

10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(八)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

WchadaschooltriponlastSunday.Hundredsofustookpartini:excited.

At8：00am,wesetoutforthetopofJiuhuangMoutaininhighspirits.Allthewaywewere

chatting,singingandlaughing,enjoyedthefreshairandthebeautifulsceneries.Whensomeonefall

behind.otherswouldcomeorofferhelp.About2hourslater,weallreachedthetop.Seeingfromthere,

theriverbelowlookedlikeathinbelt.Wewereveryhappy(hatwcjumpedandcheeredwithjoy.

Theactivitybenefitedusalot.Notonlydidwcgetclosetonature,butalsowerelaxedmyself.What

wonderfullime!

43.假設你是某國際學校的學生李華，最近在學校里總看到有浪費飯菜的現象。請你給全校同

學寫一封英文信，倡議大家節約糧食。要點包括：

1.必要性：

2.具體措施：

3.發出倡議。

注意：1.詞數100字左右：

2.可適當增加細節以使行文連貫：

3.開頭和結尾已經為你寫好，不計入詞數。

Dearfellowstudents.

Yours,

LiHua

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、D、C

［解析］（1）A.細節理解題。根據第一段WisconsinHistoricalMuseum30N.CarrollStreetonMadison's

CapitolSquare.（威斯康星州歷史博物館30號，麥迪遜國會廣場的卡羅爾街。）可知，

選項"A.WisconsinHistoricalMuseum.威斯康星歷史博物館。"在Capi⑹Square上。符合語境。

故選A。

（2）D.細節理解題。根據ChrislopherColumbusMuseum中Opendaily,8：15am-4：00pm.（每

天開放，上午8：15-下午4：00。）可知，因為ChristopherColumbus博物館每天都對外開放，

所以周一你可以去參觀ChristopherColumbus博物館。故選D。

（3）C.細節理解題。根據ArtisanGallery&CreameryCaf6.部分Whilevisiting,enjoyawonderfully

preparedlunchatourcafeoverlookingtheSugarRiver.（在參觀期間，您可以

在我們俯瞰糖河的咖啡館享用精心準備的午餐。）可知，選項"C.AlArtisanGallery&CreameryCaf6.

這個地方中午向游客提供午餐。"符合語境。故選C。

本文屬于廣告布告類閱讀，作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了威斯康星的四個景點：瑞士歷史

村、工匠的畫廊和牛奶咖啡屋、威斯康星歷史博物館和克里斯托弗哥倫布博物館的旅游信息，吸

引讀者的興趣。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀?遍，做題時結合原乂和題目有針對性的找出相關語

句進行仔細分析，結合選項選出正確答案。切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據。

4~7.【答案】B、C、A、D

［解析］（1）B.細節理解題。根據文章第一段Theresultisaninterestingnewbook,Thetravelsofa

T-shirtintheGlobalEconomy.（研究結果是一本有趣的新書《T恤在全球經濟中的旅行》）和第二

段FollowingaT-shirtaroundtheworldinawaytomakeherpointmoreinteresting,butitalsofrees

Rivolifromtheusualargumentsoverglobalirade.（在世界各地追隨一件T恤是為了讓她的觀點更有

趣，但這也讓里沃利從關于全球貿易的常見爭論中解脫出來。）可知，Rivoli教授寫了一?本關于

世界貿易的書。故選B。

（2）C.細節理解題。根據文章第二段Inthecolorfulused-clothingmarketsofTanzania,sherealizes

that,"itisonlyinthisfinalstageoflifethattheT-shirtwillmeetarealmarket."wlierethepriceofashirt

changesby（hehourandisdifferentbyitssizeandevencolor.（在坦桑尼亞五顏六色的二手服裝市場

上，她意識到，”只有在生命的最后階段，t恤才會進入真正的市場，"一件t恤的價格每小時都在

變化，而且會因為其大小甚至顏色不同而變化價格。）可知，T恤衫價格經常會上漲和下跌。故

選C。

（3）A.詞義猜測題。根據文章域后一段Thechancesopenedupbytradearehuge,sheargues,butfree

marketsneedthecorrectingforceofpoliticstokeep___incheck.（她認為，貿易帶來的機會是巨大

的，但自由市場需要政治的糾正力量來控制它們。）可知，這里的them代指前面的freemarker

（自由市場）。故選A。

（4）D.標題歸納題。根據文章內容可知，本文介紹的是T恤衫價格的變動以及變動的原因，最終

得出結論”自由市場需要政治力量來約束它們"。所以木文寫的是“T恤可以教給我們什么"。故選IX

本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹T恤衫價格的變動以及變動的原因。一位教授通過研究發現，一件

襯衫的價格會隨著時■間的變化而變化,所以自由市場也需要政治刀量來約束他們.

閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關語句進行仔細

分析，結合選項選出正確答案。推理判斷題也是要在抓住關鍵句子的基礎上合理的分析才能得出

正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據。

8~11.【答案】C、B、C、B

【解析】（1）C.細節理解題。根據原文第一段中Thefindings?publishedintheNewEnglandJournal

ofMedicine,suggestedthegreatestbenefitwasinthoseeatingthemontheirdailydiet.（發表在《新英

格蘭醫學雜志》上的研究結果表明，最大的好處是那些在日常飲食中食用它們的人。）可知，在

日常飲食中吃堅果的人最受益。牧選C。

（2）B.細節現解題。根據原文第二段中Themostobviousbenefitwasadecreaseof29%indeathsfrom

heartdisease?butwealsosawasignificantreduction-11%-inthedangerofdyingfromcancer.CHF

究所和BrighamandWomen'sHospital的首席研究員CharlesFuchs博士說："最明顯的好處是心臟病

死亡率降低了29%,但我們也看到了死于癌癥的危險顯著降低了II%。）可知，吃堅果最明顯的

好處是心臟病死亡率降低29%。故選B.

（3）C.推理判斷題。根據原義第三段Peopleeatingnutsonceaweekwere11%lesslikelytohavedied

duringthestudythanthosewhoneveratenuts.LeadresearcherDr.CharlesFuchs,fromiheDana-Farber

CancerInstituteandBrighamandWomen'sHospital,said,"Themostobviousbenefitwasadecreaseof

29%indeathsfromheartdisease,butwealsosawasignificantreduction-11%-inthedangerofdyingfrom

cancer."（在研究期間，每周吃一次堅果的人的死亡率比從不吃堅果的人低II%。Dana-Farber癌癥

研究所和BrighamandWomen'sHospital的首席研究員CharlesFuchs博士說："最明顯的好處是心臟

病死亡率降低了29%,但我們也看到了死于癌癥的危險顯著降低了II%。"）可知，文章舉了大量

的數據來證實自己的觀點。故選C。

（4）B.文章出處題。根據文章內容可知，文章主要講述經常吃堅果與健康的關系，故可以推斷出

此文應當發表在報紙的健康專欄，A.Sciencesection.科學專欄；B.Healthsection.健康專欄；

C.Enlertainmenlseclion.娛樂專欄：D.Techseclion.技術專欄。故選B。

本文是一篇說明文閱讀。最新的講究結果發現，日常飲食中常吃堅果的人可以減少患心臟病及癌

癥的概率。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨天意，因為閱讀理解題一般沒有

標題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中.應盡可能多地捕獲信息材料；

其次細讀題材，各個擊破，掌握全文的大意之后，細細閱讀每篇材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，

帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關信息，要善于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時，要有較強

的針對性，對于捕獲到的信息，要做認真分析，仔細推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對題目要求，

才能做到穩、準。

12?15.【答案】D、A、C、B

【解析】（1）D.細節理解題o根據第一*段第三句Thetruthisthatallfoodismadeupofchemicals.

（事實是，所有的食物都是由化學物質組成的。）和最后一句Somechemicalsubstancesareindeed

harmful,butapersonwhorefusedtoconsumeanychemicalswouldfindnothingtoeat.（有些化學物質

確實有害，但拒絕食用任何化學物質的人會發現什么也吃不下。）可知所有食物都有化學添加劑

的成分。故選D。

（2）A.細節理解題。根據第三段后三句Weaddsugarandsaltandotherthingstofoodsweprepareat

hometomakethemtastebetter.Foodproducershavedevelopedarangeofadditivesthatstabilize（使穩

定）＞thicken,harden,keepwet,keepfirm,orimprovetheappearanceoftheirproducts.Additivescan

makefoodmoreconvenientornutritious,giveitalongershelflife,andmakeitmoreattractivetothe

consumer,thusincreasingthesalesandprofitsoftheproducers.（我們在家里準備的食物中添加糖、

鹽和其他東西，使它們味道更好，食品生產商開發了一系列添加劑，可以穩定、增稠、硬化、保

濕、保持硬度或改善產品外觀。添加劑可以使食品更方便或更有營養，延長保質期，并使其對消

費者更有吸引力，從而增加生產者的銷售額和利潤。）可知說明添加劑可以在很多方面提高食物

的品質。故選A。

（3）C.推理判斷題。根據文章最后兩句ButfoodadditivesarcnowregulatedbytheFD/Xofthefederal

government,andnewadditiveswillgothroughstricttestingbeforetheycanbeplacedonthemarket.For

mostpeople*thechancesofdevelopingserioussideeffects（副作用）fromthelong-termuseofpresently

approved（批準）foodadditivesareverysmall.（但是食品添加劑現在由聯邦政府的FDA監管，新

的添加劑在投放市場之前將經過嚴格的測試。對大多數人來說，長期使用目前批準的食品添加劑

產生嚴重副作用的機會很小。）說明食物添加劑受到聯邦政府的嚴格控制并經過嚴格的測試，將

以更安全、更科學的方式使用。故選C。

（4）B.觀點態度題。根據文章最后一段前兩句可知人們對食品添加劑有很多擔心，但是根據最后

兩句ButfoodadditivesarenowregulatedbytheFDA...??,.foodadditivesareverysmall.（食物添加劑

受到聯邦政府的嚴格控制并經過,亞格的測試，對人的副作用會很個。）也就是說作者認為食物添

加劑還是可以接受的。A.worryMg令人擔心的；B.acceptable可以接受的；C.poisonous有毒的；

□.avoidable可以避免的。故選B,

本文為說明文。介紹了食物添加劑的種類作用，人們對食物添加劑的擔憂以及聯邦政府為保證食

物添加劑的安全所做的努力。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結合原義和題目有針對性的找出相關語

句進行仔細分析，結合選項選出正確答案。做題時要在抓住關鍵句子的基礎上合理的分析才能得

出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據。

16?20.【答案】B、F、G、D、E

［解析】（1）B.推理判斷題。根據前句Peoplewhoforgiveshowlesssadness,angerand

stressandmorehopefulness,accordingtoarecentresearch（根據最近的一項研

究，原諒別人的人表現出更少的悲傷、憤怒和壓力，更有希望）；以及后句Trythefollowingsteps

（嘗試以下步驟），可知表示“你應該如何開始原諒（他人）”的選項B可以起到承上啟下的作用，

故選B。

（2）F.推理判斷題。根據前句Calmyourself冷靜點：以及后句Youcantakeacoupleofbreathsand

thinkofsomethingthatgivesyoupleasure：abeautifulscenein

nature,orsomeoneyoulove（你可以做幾次深呼吸，想一些能給你帶來快樂的事

情：大自然中的美麗景色，或者你愛的人），可知表示"為了讓你的憤怒消失，嘗試一種簡單的壓

力管理技巧”的選項F可以起到承上啟下的作用，故選F。

（3）G.細節理解題o根據前句Manytimesthepersonwhohurtyoudoesnotintendtoapologize.They

mayhavewantedtohurtyouortheyjustdon'tseethingsthesameway

（很多時候，傷害你的人并不打齊道歉。他們可能想傷害你，或者只是看事情的方式不同），可

知表示“如果你等別人道歉，你可能要等很長時間”的選項G符