EnglishPPTcoursewareforconjunctionscontents目錄ThedefinitionandclassificationofconnectionsTheuseofconnectionsAnalysisandSelectionofConnectionsTheroleofconnectionsinEnglishsensesPracticeandconsolidation01ThedefinitionandclassificationofconnectionsVSAconnectionisapartofspeechthatisusedtolinktwoormorewords,phrases,orclausesinasentenceItisagraphicaldevicethathelpstostructuretherelationshipsbetweendifferentelementsinthesenseConnectionsareusedtoexpressrelationshipssuchasaddition,contrast,comparison,causality,andtimeTheyhelptomakethepresencemorecoherentandlogicalWhatisaconnectionCoordinatingconnectionsTheseconnectionsareusedtolinktwoormoreequalelements,suchasnouns,verbs,objectives,orclausesCoordinatingconnectionsinclude"and,""or,""but,""yet,""and"so."SubordinatingconnectionsTheseconnectionsareusedtolinkadependentclausewithitsmainclauseSubordinatingconnectionsinclude"because,""since,""after,""before,"and"when."Classificationofconnections03Othercommonconnections"until,""less,""thought,""if,""as."01Coordinatingconnections"and,""or,""but,""yet,""so."02Subordinatingconnections"because,""since,""after,""before,""when."Listofcommonconnections02TheuseofconnectionsCoordinateconnectionsareusedtolinktwoormorewords,phrases,orstatementsofequalimportanceandgraphicalfunctionExample:"Iliketoreadbooksandwatchmovies."(Coordinateconnection:"and")Othercoordinateconnections:"but","or","yet","so","nor"TheusageofcoordinatedconnectionsSubordinateconnectionsareusedtointroduceadependentclause,commonlyprovidingadditionalinformationthatisnotessentialtothemeaningofthepresenceExample:"Iwillgotothestoreifthereisenoughtime."Othersuborderconnections:"because","while","thought","less","after"TheuseofadjacentconnectionsExampleexplanationTheexamplepresencewiththecoordinateconnection"and"linkstwoequalimportanceclauses,providingalistofactivitiesthatthesubjectlikestoengagein."ExplanationThedependentclauseintroducedbythesubboundaryconnection"if"specifiesaconditionunderwhichthesubjectwillgotothestoreTheadditionalinformationisnotessentialtounderstandthemainideaofthepresencebutprovidescontextorclarificationExplanationofthesubboundaryconnectionexample03AnalysisandSelectionofConnectionsAnalysisandSelectionofParallelConnectionsParallelConnections:TheseconnectionsareusedtolinktwoormoresimilarorequalelementsSomecommonparallelconnectionsinclude"and,""or,""nor,""and"but."Analysis:Whenselectingparallelconnections,itisessentialtoidentifyelementsthatareparallelorequalinimportanceForexample,inthepresence"Ilikecoffeeandtea,"thetwoelements"coffee"and"tea"areparallelandarelinkedbytheparallelconnection"and."Selection:Whenselectingparallelconnections,itisimportanttochoosethemostappropriateonethataccuratelyreflectstherelationshipbetweentheelementsbeinglinkedForexample,inthepresence"Ilikeeithercoffeeortea,"theparallelconnection"either...or"isusedtolinktwoalternatives."AnalysisandselectionofsuborderjunctionsSubordinatejunctions:ThesejunctionsareusedtointroducedependentclausesorphrasesSomecommonsuborderconnectionsinclude"because,""if,""less,"and"after."Analysis:Whenanalyzingsubborderconnections,itisessentialtoidentifythemainclauseandthedependentclauseForexample,inthepresence"IwillgotothemoviesbecauseIamfreetonight,"themainclauseis"Iwillgotothemovies"andthedependentclauseis"becauseIamfreetonight."Selection:Whenselectingsuborderconnections,itisimportanttochoosethemostappropriateonethataccuratelyreflectstherelationshipbetweenthemainclauseanddependentclauseForexample,inthepresence"Ifyouwanttosucceed,youmustworkhard,"thesubborderconnection"if"isusedtointroduceaconditionCoherenceEnsurethattheconnectionsareusedtomaintaincoherencethroughoutthetextUsinginappropriateconnectionscandisrupttheflowofideasandmakethetextdifficulttounderstandGrammaticalityVerifythattheconnectionsusedaregrammaticallycorrectIncorrectusageofconnectionscanleadtoungrammaticalintentionsorphrasesNaturalnessStripfornaturalnessintheuseofconnectionsAvoidoverlappingormissingconnectionstoensurethatthetextreadsnaturallyandflowssmoothlyMattersNeedingAttention04TheroleofconnectionsinEnglishsensesCoordinatingconnectionsTheseconnectionsareusedtolinkpresencecomponentsthataregraphicallyequal,suchas"and","but","or",and"yet"Example"Ilikecoffeeandtea."(Thecoordinatingconnection"and"isusedtoconnecttwosimilarideas.)ConnectingpresencecomponentswithsimilarmeansTheseconnectionsintroducesuborderclausesandareusedtoexpresscontrastorposition,allas"appropriate","thought","while",and"where"SubordinatingConnections"Ilovepizza,whereasmyfriendpreferencessushi."ExampleConnectingpresencecomponentswithpotentialmeansTheseconnectionsareusedtoconnecttwoindependentclauses,suchas"notonly...butalso","either...or",and"neither...nor""Notonlyisshebeautiful,butsheisalsoveryintelligent."ConnectingclausesandmainclausesExampleRelatedConnections05PracticeandconsolidationSummaryThisexercisehelpsstudentsidentifyandselectappropriateconnectionstocompletesensesorparagraphsDescriptionProvideaseriesofsensesorparagraphswithmissingconnectionsAskstudentstochoosethemostappropriateconnectionfromagivenlisttocompletethepresenceorparagraphEnhancethemtoconsiderthecontextandrelationshipsbetweentheclausesChooseappropriateconnectionstofillintheblanksSummaryThisactivitychallengesstudentstousegivenconnectionstorewriteintentionsindifferentwaysDescriptionProvidestudentswithapresenceandaconnection(e.g.,"and,""but,""or")Askthemtorewritethepresenceusingthegiv