諸暨市2024年5月高三適應性考試試題英語第一部分：聽力(共兩節，滿分30分)第一節(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whattimeisitnow?A.9:00.B.9:10.C.10:00.2.Howdidthewomanfindherholiday?A.Adventurous.B.Aweinspiring.C.Disappointing.3.WhereisBennow?A.Inthebathroom.B.Inthestudy.C.Inthekitchen.4.Whenistheprojectdue?A.InJanuary.B.InFebruary.C.InMarch.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Themanisfaultfindingwithherreport.B.Shewillmakechangestothefiguressoon.C.Thereshouldbenoproblemwiththefigures.第二節(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀各個小題;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.What’shappenedtothecopies?A.Theyareleftbehindathome.B.Theyarenowheretobefound.C.Theyfailtomeetthedeadline.7.Whatwillthemanhavetodoconsequently?A.Tocancelthepresentation.B.Tosearchelsewhere.C.Togetnewcopies.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Hobbies.B.Shoes.C.Leisure.9.WhycannotthewomangototheSaturdaydanceparty?A.Shewillbusyherselfwithherparents’marriageparty.B.Shedoesn’tthinkthegreenshoesproperfortheparty.C.Shedoesn’tseefittohavethemanasadancingpartner.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Toreschedulehisplanetickets.B.Toconfirmhisflightinformation.C.Toinquireaboutdiscounttickets.11.Whatmakesitimpossibleforthemantoenjoythespecialrates?A.Hisfivedaymeeting.B.Hisdeparturetime.C.Therigidrules.12.Whatdoesthebadnewsmeantotheman?A.Askinganotherairline.B.Acceptingaregularticket.C.Givingupthemeeting.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Ahouseforrent.B.Anadvertisement.C.Thehouseowner.14.Whatdoesthewomancareaboutalot?A.Thegarage.B.Thelivingspace.C.Thegarden.15.Howdoesthemanlikethehouse?A.Justsoso.B.100%perfect.C.Satisfactory.16.Whatisthephonenumberofthehouseowner?A.01864445338.B.01764444328.C.01764445328.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.Howdoyouthinkthethreemembersfeltintheirsituations?A.Confused.B.Saddened.C.Panicstruck.18.Whatcausedtheirmisunderstanding?A.Theimproperwaytonod.B.Typicalmodesofthinking.C.Unfamiliarforeigncultures.19.WhatdoesanodmeaninAmerica?A.Itmeans“Yes”.B.Itmeans“No”.C.Itmeansnothing.20.Whatarethethreeexamplesmeanttotellus?A.Mismunicationshappenbetweencultures.B.Exposuretoaforeigncultureisexcitingindeed.C.Waystogreetcanbedifferentacrosstheglobe.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節，滿分50分)第一節(共15個小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該選項標號涂黑。ATheBestMaldivesIslandforYourTravelStyleEveryresort(度假地)inMaldivesisitsownprivateislandbutchoosingtherightoneforyoucanbedifficult.WanttokickoffyourIndianOceanholidayinstyle?Ourguidewillhelpyouknowwhattolookforinthehuntforyouridealisland.WaldorfAstoriaMaldivesIthaafushiYou’llnevergohungryattheWaldorfAstoriaMaldivesIthaafushi,whichhas11restaurants,includingonesspecializingingardentotablecuisine.Thereareregularfoodthemedevents,too—ourfavoritesincludeArabianNightandtheTwilightSeafoodBarbecue.FourSeasonsResortMaldivesConsideredoneofthebestspotsintheMaldivesforhoneymoons,theFourSeasonsResortMaldiveshasahugerangeofroomcategoriesandoffersabrilliantselectionofpackages,includingIslandRomancepackagesthatfeaturefantasticextrasdesignedwithcouplesinmind.FairmontMaldivesTherearenumerousreasonstovisittheFairmontMaldives,includingthefactthatit’sagreatplacetolearnaboutsustainability,whetherit’sattheSustainabilityLab,whereguestscanturndiscardedplasticbottlesintojewelryorduringexcursionswithmarinebiologistsfromacharitycreatedtoprotectseaturtles.HeritanceAarahHeritanceAarahrecentlyopeneditsLiveMaldivianVillageMuseum,whichfocuseson4,000yearsofMaldivianhistory.Guestscanlearnabouttheartofcoralstonecarvingandfindoutwhylocalsareknownassomeoftheworld’sbestboatbuilders.ToensureyouexperiencetheMaldives’bestbits,scheduleaholidayeverymonthwithoutfail.We’rejoking,butyougetthepoint:thinkwhatyouwanttoseeanddo,andbrushuponthedifferentareas’seasonalsellingpoints.1.Whoarethetargetreadersofthearticle?A.Sportslovers. B.Travelenthusiasts. C.Wildernessexplorers. D.Travelagents.2.Whatdoyouknowaboutthefourislandsremended?A.Theyarethefirstfourmostvisitedsites. B.Theyhavetheirownuniquecharacteristics.C.Theyarejusttailoredforyoungcouples. D.Theyfeatureabsolutepeaceandtranquility.3.Whydoestheauthormakesuggestionsinthelastparagraph?A.TopersuadeyoutojourneytoMaldives. B.Tourgeyoutostartaholidayearly.C.Toremindyounottomisssellingpoints. D.Tohelpyouchoosetheidealisland.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。本文主要介紹了在馬爾代夫島觀光時可以去的四個島嶼。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段“Everyresort(度假地)inMaldivesisitsownprivateislandbutchoosingtherightoneforyoucanbedifficult.(馬爾代夫的每個度假勝地都是自己的私人島嶼，但選擇一個適合你的可能很難)”和最后一句“Ourguidewillhelpyouknowwhattolookforinthehuntforyouridealisland.(我們的導游將幫助您了解在尋找理想島嶼的過程中應該尋找什么)”可知，文章主要介紹了在馬爾代夫島觀光時可以去的四個島嶼，其目標讀者是旅游愛好者。故選B項。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據WaldorfAstoriaMaldivesIthaafushi部分中“You’llnevergohungryattheWaldorfAstoriaMaldivesIthaafushi,whichhas11restaurants,includingonesspecializingingardentotablecuisine.Thereareregularfoodthemedevents,too–ourfavoritesincludeArabianNightandtheTwilightSeafoodBarbecue.(在馬爾代夫WaldorfAstoria酒店Ithaafushi，你永遠不會挨餓，這里有11家餐廳，包括專門從事花園到餐桌美食的餐廳。這里也有定期的美食主題活動——我們最喜歡的包括阿拉伯之夜和暮光海鮮燒烤)”；FourSeasonsResortMaldives部分中“ConsideredoneofthebestspotsintheMaldivesforhoneymoons,theFourSeasonsResortMaldiveshasahugerangeofroomcategoriesandoffersabrilliantselectionofpackages,includingIslandRomancepackagesthatfeaturefantasticextrasdesignedwithcouplesinmind.(馬爾代夫四季度假酒店被認為是馬爾代夫蜜月旅行的最佳地點之一，它有大量的房間類別，并提供了一系列精彩的套餐選擇，包括島嶼浪漫套餐，其中包括為情侶設計的夢幻般的額外服務)”；FairmontMaldives部分中“TherearenumerousreasonstovisittheFairmontMaldives,includingthefactthatit’sagreatplacetolearnaboutsustainability,whetherit’sattheSustainabilityLab,whereguestscanturndiscardedplasticbottlesintojewelryorduringexcursionswithmarinebiologistsfromacharitycreatedtoprotectseaturtles.(參觀馬爾代夫費爾蒙酒店的原因有很多，其中包括它是一個了解可持續發展的好地方，無論是在可持續發展實驗室，客人可以把廢棄的塑料瓶變成珠寶，還是在與海洋生物學家一起遠足，這些生物學家來自一個為保護海龜而創建的慈善機構)”以及HeritanceAarah部分中“HeritanceAarahrecentlyopeneditsLiveMaldivianVillageMuseum,whichfocuseson4,000yearsofMaldivianhistory.(阿拉遺產最近開設了馬爾代夫鄉村博物館，重點介紹了馬爾代夫4000年的歷史)”可知，推薦的四個島嶼有自己獨特的特點。故選B項。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“ToensureyouexperiencetheMaldives’bestbits,scheduleaholidayeverymonthwithoutfail.We’rejoking,butyougetthepoint:thinkwhatyouwanttoseeanddo,andbrushuponthedifferentareas’seasonalsellingpoints.(為了確保你體驗馬爾代夫最好的地方，每個月都要安排一次假期。我們是在開玩笑，但你明白我的意思：想想你想看什么、想做什么，并復習一下不同地區的季節性賣點)”可知，作者以開玩笑的方式建議讀者每月安排一次去馬爾代夫的假期，其目的還是希望幫助游客選擇理想的島嶼以供其游玩。故選D項。BInHollywood,fewactorshaveexperiencedacareerasdiverseandprolificasHarrisonFord.FromthefearlessIndianaJonestothecharmingHanSoloandtheworldwearyRickDeckard,Ford’sportrayal(飾演)oficoniccharactershasleftapermanentmarkoncinemaandpopculture.Yet,theironyliesinhowmanyofhiscareerdefiningrolesfellintothis“latebloomer’s”lapbychance.BorninChicago,Harrisonwasdiscouragedfrompursuingacareeronthesilverscreenearlyon,havingfailedtolandanysignificantparts.Instead,heturnedtoprofessionalcarpentry(木工)asameanstokeephisfamilyfed.Butfatehadotherplans.WhileworkingasacarpenterinHollywood,FordcrossedpathswithnumerouscelebrityclientssuchasJoanDidionand,mostnotably,directorGeorgeLucas,whohiredhimtobuildcabinetsforhisoffice.LittledidFordknowthatthischanceencounterwouldleadtohisbreakthroughroleasthecharmingHanSoloinStarWars.LucaswasimpressedbyFord’spresenceandofferedhimtheiconicrole.Intime,Fordrosetoastar.Ford’snextluckymomentcamewhenhetriedoutfortheroleofIndianaJonesinamassiveprojectbyLucasandStevenSpielberg,RaidersoftheLostArk.SpielberginitiallywantedFordfortherole,butLucaswashesitantashehadalreadyworkedwithFordon?StarWarand1973’sAmericanGraffiti.Thentheproductionteamtriedmanyotherpossibilitiesbutwithoutluck.Eventually,therolewenttoFord,strengtheninghisstatusasaHollywoodlegend.Thefilmseriesbecameaworldwidesensation,stimulatingpeople’simaginationandinspiringagenerationoffuturearchaeologists.Over40yearsandfourfilmslater,Fordfoundhimselfpletingtheserieswiththefifthandfinalinstallment.Eightyoneyearold?Harrison?receivedafiveminutestandingovation(鼓掌)attheCannesFilmFestivalPremiereandpickedupanhonoraryPalmed’Orforhisachievements.Ford’smitmenttohiscareerisevidentashesaid,“Ilovethework!Myluckhasbeentoworkwithincrediblytalentedpeople,tofindmywayintothiscrowdofgeniuses.”DespitehislegendarystatusinHollywood,Ford’shumilityshinesthrough.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prolific”probablymeaninparagraph1?AProductive. B.Fruitless. C.Hardearned. D.Promising.5.WhatmadeHarrisondiscouragedinhisearlyfilmcareer?A.Hislackoftalent. B.Theuncertainprospect.C.Thedullindustry. D.Hisfamilyopposition.6.WhatisthefactorhighlightedinthepassageinFord’slandingtheimportantroles?A.Hisgoodfortune. B.Hisconvincingacting.C.Hisfinereputation. D.Hisbigcircleoffriends.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHarrison?A.Arisingfilmgenius. B.Ahumblecarpenter.C.AHollywoodlegend. D.Afearlesschallenger.【答案】4.A5.B6.A7.C【解析】【導語】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了好萊塢著名演員哈里森·福特個人事跡和演藝經歷。【4題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據文章第一段“InHollywood,fewactorshaveexperiencedacareerasdiverse(在好萊塢，很少有演員經歷過如此多樣化的職業生涯)”以及“FromthefearlessIndianaJonestothecharmingHanSoloandtheworldwearyRickDeckard,Ford’sportrayaloficoniccharactershasleftapermanentmarkoncinemaandpopculture.(從無畏的印第安納·瓊斯到迷人的漢·索羅，再到厭世的瑞克·迪卡德，福特塑造的標志性人物在電影和流行文化中留下了永久的印記。)”畫線詞前說明的是多樣化的職業生涯以及畫線詞后的各種角色，所以此處指的是“多產的”。故選A。【5題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第二段“BorninChicago,Harrisonwasdiscouragedfrompursuingacareeronthesilverscreenearlyon,havingfailedtolandanysignificantparts.Instead,heturnedtoprofessionalcarpentry(木工)asameanstokeephisfamilyfed.(哈里森出生在芝加哥，早年就被勸阻不要在銀幕上發展事業，因為他沒能得到任何重要的角色。相反，他轉而從事專業木工工作，以此來養家糊口。)”可知，由于未能出演任何重要角色，職業前景的不確定性讓哈里森在早期的工作中氣餒。故選B。【6題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第三段“Butfatehadotherplans.WhileworkingasacarpenterinHollywood,FordcrossedpathswithnumerouscelebrityclientssuchasJoanDidionand,mostnotably,directorGeorgeLucas,whohiredhimtobuildcabinetsforhisoffice.LittledidFordknowthatthischanceencounterwouldleadtohisbreakthroughroleasthecharmingHanSoloinStarWars.(但命運另有安排。在好萊塢當木匠時，福特結識了許多名人客戶，比如瓊·迪迪安，最著名的是導演喬治·盧卡斯，后者雇他為自己的辦公室建造櫥柜。福特一點也不知道，這次偶然的相遇會讓他在《星球大戰》中飾演迷人的漢·索羅。)”以及第四段中“Ford’snextluckymomentcamewhenhetriedoutfortheroleofIndianaJonesinamassiveprojectbyLucasandStevenSpielberg,RaidersoftheLostArk.(福特的下一個幸運時刻是在盧卡斯和史蒂文·斯皮爾伯格聯合制作的《奪寶奇兵》中出演印第安納·瓊斯一角。)”可知，福特的好運是他獲得重要角色的突出因素。故選A。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第一段“InHollywood,fewactorshaveexperiencedacareerasdiverseandprolificasHarrisonFord.(在好萊塢，很少有演員像哈里森·福特那樣經歷了如此多樣化和多產的職業生涯。)”以及最后一段“DespitehislegendarystatusinHollywood,Ford’shumilityshinesthrough.(盡管福特在好萊塢有著傳奇的地位，但他的謙遜依然閃耀著光芒。)”可知，哈里森是好萊塢的傳奇人物。故選C。CWhalesarecelebratedforbeingthelargestandmostintelligentcreaturesintheocean.Now,biologistshavediscoveredthattheyalsocapture(捕獲)tonsofcarbonfromtheatmosphere,aservicewithaneconomicvalueofUS$1trillionforallthegreatwhales,accordingtoanewstudypublishedbytheInternationalMonetaryFund.Thestudypointsoutthatprotectingwhales,normallyviewedasahumangood,alsohasamonetarymotivation.“Thecarboncapturepotentialofwhalesistrulyincredible,”saidthereport.“OurconservativeestimatesputthevalueoftheaveragegreatwhaleatmorethanUS$2million,andeasilyoverUS$1trillionforthecurrentstockofgreatwhales.”Whalesabsorbcarbonintheirbodiesduringtheirlonglives,someofwhichstretchto200years.Whentheydie,theysinktothebottomoftheocean,takingthecarbonwiththem.Accordingtothestudy,eachgreatwhaletrapsaround33tonsofcarbondioxideonaverage.Atreeduringthesameperiodonlycontributesto3percentofthecarbonabsorptionofthewhale.Whalepopulationsaretodayasmidgenofwhattheyoncewere.Itisestimatedthatthereareslightlymorethan1.3millionwhalesintheocean,aquarteroftheirprewhalingnumberof4to5million.Somespeciesinparticular,likethebluewhale,areonly3percentofwhattheyusedtobe.“Wecancreatefinancialmethodstopromotetherestorationoftheworld’swhalepopulations,”saidthereport’sauthors.“Rewardscouldhelpthosewhopaysignificantcostsasaresultofwhaleprotection.”WiththeParisAgreementingintoforcenextyearandtheeffectsofclimatechangeevermorewidespread,wemustpreventtheharmtowhales.Researchersanalyzedthatunlessnewmethodsareputforward,itwouldtakeover30yearstodoublethenumberofcurrentwhales,andseveralgenerationstoreturnthemtotheirprewhalingnumbers.“Societyandourownsurvivalcan’taffordtowaitthislong,”theysaid.8.Whatdoesthenewstudyrevealaboutwhales?A.Theyaremoneymakersforgood. B.Theirintelligenceisunquestionable.C.Theyareanaturalclimatesolution. D.Theirsurvivalisthreatenedbycarbon.9.Whyisawhaleparedwithatreeinparagraph2?A.Toindicateallmatterregardinggreenefforts.B.Toillustratewhalesarefriendlytotheoceans.C.Tohighlightwhales’carboncapturepotential.D.Toemphasizetheimportanceoftreeplanting.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromwhatresearcherssaidinparagraph4?A.Climatechangeintensifies. B.Whalepopulationsstaylow.C.Oursurvivalisendangered. D.Whaleprotectionisapriority.11.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthearticle?A.Protectwhalestoprotecttheplanet B.HowtorestorewhalepopulationsC.Liveinharmonywithoceangiants D.Whalescanguaranteeoursurvival【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.A【解析】【導語】本文屬于說明文，主要介紹了關于鯨魚的一項新研究發現及其對碳捕獲的經濟價值，同時也討論了鯨魚保護的緊迫性和現狀。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段“Now,biologistshavediscoveredthattheyalsocapture(捕獲)tonsofcarbonfromtheatmosphere,aservicewithaneconomicvalueofUS$1trillionforallthegreatwhales,accordingtoanewstudypublishedbytheInternationalMonetaryFund.Thestudypointsoutthatprotectingwhales,normallyviewedasahumangood,alsohasamonetarymotivation.(根據國際貨幣基金組織發表的一項新研究，生物學家發現它們還從大氣中捕獲了數噸的碳，這一服務對所有大型鯨魚來說都具有1萬億美元的經濟價值。該研究指出，保護鯨魚通常被視為人類的一件好事，但也有金錢動機)”可知，新的研究發現，鯨魚能從大氣中捕獲碳，它們是一種自然的氣候解決方案。故選C。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段“Accordingtothestudy,eachgreatwhaletrapsaround33tonsofcarbondioxideonaverage.Atreeduringthesameperiodonlycontributesto3percentofthecarbonabsorptionofthewhale.(根據這項研究，每頭鯨魚平均能捕獲33噸二氧化碳。在同一時期，一棵樹只貢獻了鯨魚碳吸收的3%)”可知，第二段中把鯨魚和樹比較是為了強調鯨魚的碳捕獲潛力。故選C。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段“WiththeParisAgreementingintoforcenextyearandtheeffectsofclimatechangeevermorewidespread,wemustpreventtheharmtowhales.Researchersanalyzedthatunlessnewmethodsareputforward,itwouldtakeover30yearstodoublethenumberofcurrentwhales,andseveralgenerationstoreturnthemtotheirprewhalingnumbers.“Societyandourownsurvivalcan’taffordtowaitthislong,”theysaid.(隨著《巴黎協定》明年生效，氣候變化的影響越來越廣泛，我們必須防止對鯨魚的傷害。研究人員分析說，除非提出新的方法，否則將需要30多年的時間才能使目前的鯨魚數量增加一倍，并需要幾代人的時間才能使它們恢復到捕鯨前的數量。他們說：“社會和我們自己的生存等不起這么久。”)”可知，研究人員表示，需要使用新的方法使鯨魚的數量盡快恢復，否則回威脅我們自身的生存，因此保護鯨魚是當務之急。故選D。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據根據第一段“Now,biologistshavediscoveredthattheyalsocapture(捕獲)tonsofcarbonfromtheatmosphere,aservicewithaneconomicvalueofUS$1trillionforallthegreatwhales,accordingtoanewstudypublishedbytheInternationalMonetaryFund.(根據國際貨幣基金組織發表的一項新研究，生物學家發現它們還從大氣中捕獲了數噸的碳，這一服務對所有大型鯨魚來說都具有1萬億美元的經濟價值)”和最后一段“WiththeParisAgreementingintoforcenextyearandtheeffectsofclimatechangeevermorewidespread,wemustpreventtheharmtowhales.(隨著《巴黎協定》明年生效，氣候變化的影響越來越廣泛，我們必須防止對鯨魚的傷害)”結合文章主要介紹了關于鯨魚的一項新研究發現及其對碳捕獲的經濟價值，同時也討論了鯨魚保護的緊迫性和現狀可知，A選項“保護鯨魚就是保護地球”符合文章標題。故選A。DVitaminDwasrecognizedacenturyagoasthecureforrickets,achildhooddiseasethatcausesweakbones.Then,intheearly2000s,apileofstudiessuggestedthatlowvitaminDlevelscouldbeafactorincancer,cardiovascular(心血管)disease,Parkinson’sdiseaseandsoon.Thissimplevitaminseemedtobeacureforwhatevertroubledus.However,alltheseobservationalstudieshaveafundamentalweakness:theycanidentifyacooccurrencebetweenvitaminDandadisease,buttheycan’tprovethereisacauseandeffectrelation.TolookatwhethertakingvitaminDhadcurativeeffects,Mansonandherteamstartedtheworld’slargestandmostfarreachingrandomizedvitaminDtrial.Thestudyfollowednearly26,000healthyadults,randomizedtoreceiveeither2,000internationalunits(IU)ofvitaminDoraplacebo(安慰劑),foranaverageof5.3years.Thevolunteerswerealmostevenlysplitbetweenmenandwomen,and20percentoftheparticipantswereblack.Theresultscameasashock.NotonlydidvitaminDnotreduceratesofcancerorheartdisease,butthetrialalsofoundthatvitaminDdidnotpreventorimprovecognitivefunction,orreducetheriskofbonefractures(骨折).Thefindingaboutfractures“wasarealsurprisetomanypeople,”Mansonsays.In2011,theInstituteofMedicineestablishedanexpertmitteetoconductathoroughanalysisofallexistingstudiesonvitaminDandhealth.ThemitteeconcludedthatthebonestrengtheningbenefitsofvitaminDremainsteadywhenbloodlevelsreach12to16nanogramspermilliliter.Theyalsofoundthattherewerenobenefitstohavinglevelsabove20ng/ml.AccordingtomeasurementsofvitaminDlevelsinthegeneralU.S.population,mosthadlevelsof20ng/mlormorein2011.Levelshaveactuallyrisensincethen,meaningthatmostpeopledon’tneedtotakeextravitaminD.TheupsanddownsofvitaminDofferalessoninhumility.Therelationbetweenthevitaminanddiseaseisfarmoreplicatedthanitfirstseemedandareminderthatscientificunderstandingisalwaysdevelopingovertime.12.WhatistheproblemwiththeearlystudiesregardingvitaminD?ANorelatedcaseswereinvolved. B.Theylackconvincingevidence.C.Noobservationwasconducted. D.Theyfailtoaccountforanything.13.Whywere20percentoftheparticipantsblackinManson’strial?A.ToidentifyvitaminDrelateddisease. B.Tohelpsolvetheproblemstheyfaced.C.Tomaketheirfindingsmorereliable. D.Toshowtheirrespectfortheminority.14.Whatdoyouknowaboutthefindingsinparagraph3and4?A.TheyprovedvitaminDwasthecurefordisease.B.TheyrevealedthatvitaminDmadenodifference.C.TheycameasnosurprisetoMansonandherteam.D.Theyupdatedpeople’sknowledgeaboutvitaminD.15.WhatshouldwerealizefromtheupsanddownsofvitaminD?A.Scientificunderstandingisdynamic. B.Weshouldnotbelievetheoldtheories.C.Researchintovitaminsisworthwhile. D.Somediseasesarepracticallyincurable.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了不同時期對于維生素D對人體健康的研究最新的研究發現。【12題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段中“However,alltheseobservationalstudieshaveafundamentalweakness:theycanidentifyacooccurrencebetweenvitaminDandadisease,buttheycan'tprovethereisacauseandeffectrelation.”（然而，所有這些觀察性研究都有一個根本的弱點：它們可以確定維生素D和疾病之間的共同發生，但它們不能證明兩者之間存在因果關系。）可知，先前的研究無法證明缺少維生素D會導致疾病的發生，缺乏有力的實驗證據。故選B項。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段中“TolookatwhethertakingvitaminDhadcurativeeffects,Mansonandherteamstartedtheworld'slargestandmostfarreachingrandomizedvitaminDtrial.”（為了研究服用維生素D是否有療效，曼森和她的團隊開始了世界上規模最大、影響最深遠的隨機維生素D試驗。）以及本段最后一句“Thevolunteerswerealmostevenlysplitbetweenmenandwomen,and20percentoftheparticipantswereblack.”（志愿者中男女幾乎各占一半，20%的參與者是黑人。）可推知，曼森的實驗中有20%的黑人參與者是為了使實驗數據更廣泛，從而使得結果更可靠。故選C項。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段中“Theresultscameasashock.NotonlydidvitaminDnotreduceratesofcancerorheartdisease,butthetrialalsofoundthatvitaminDdidnotpreventorimprovecognitivefunction,orreducetheriskofbonefractures(骨折).”（結果令人震驚。維生素D不僅不能降低患癌癥或心臟病的幾率，而且試驗還發現，維生素D不能預防或改善認知功能，也不能降低骨折的風險。）以及第四段中“ Theyalsofoundthattherewerenobenefitstohavinglevelsabove20ng/ml.AccordingtomeasurementsofvitaminDlevelsinthegeneralU.S.population,mosthadlevelsof20ng/mlormorein2011.Levelshaveactuallyrisensincethen,meaningthatmostpeopledon’tneedtotakeextravitaminD.”（該委員會得出結論，當血液中維生素D的含量達到每毫升12至16毫微克時，維生素D對骨骼的增強作用保持穩定。他們還發現，濃度超過20納克/毫升沒有任何好處。根據對美國普通人群維生素D水平的測量，2011年大多數人的維生素D水平為20納克/毫升或更高。從那以后，維生素D的含量實際上有所上升，這意味著大多數人不需要額外服用維生素D。）可推知，第三、四段的發現更新了人們對維生素D的認識。故選D項。【15題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段“TheupsanddownsofvitaminDofferalessoninhumility.Therelationbetweenthevitaminanddiseaseisfarmoreplicatedthanitfirstseemedandareminderthatscientificunderstandingisalwaysdevelopingovertime.”（維生素D的起起落落給我們上了一堂謙卑的課。維生素和疾病之間的關系比最初看起來要復雜得多，它提醒我們，科學認識總是隨著時間的推移而發展的。）可知，從對于維生素D認識的起起落落這件事上，我們應該意識到科學理解是動態的，不斷發展的。故選A項。第二節(共5個小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TeamworkDoublestheStrengthAdmittedly,teamworkisliterallyimportantforanyclassorteamtoachieveitsgoalsandobjectives.Letmegivethreereasonswhyitisadvantageous.Asindividuals,wepossessdiversetalents,strengths,weaknessesandexperiences.Ateamisjustlikeatapestry(織錦)thatweaveswhateachofuspossesses,resultinginanendproductthatisdiverseyethomogenous(同種類的).Asteammembersexchangethoughtsandexperiences,therecanbemoreefficiencyandeffectivenessatproblemsolving.Thispoolingoftalentscanalsoleadtogreaterinnovationandsuccess.____16____.ItwonthePremierLeaguein2016,totheutterdisbeliefofmanysoccerfans.LeicesterCity,previouslyregardedastheunderdogoftheLeague,displayedextremelyimpressiveteamwork,whichledtoitsunbelievablevictoryinsoccerhistory.Next,teamworkmeansmemberssharetheworkload.Whenworkisdistributedandeachofusinateamspecializesinspecifictasks,thestressoneachofusisreducedandthepletionoftasksbeforedeadlineisensured.____17____.____18____.Teammemberslearnfrommoreexperiencedmemberswhomayofferdeeperinsightsandperspectives.Newermembersmayalsocontributenewideas.Besidesencouragingthesharingofknowledgeandexperiences,teamworkalsodevelopssoftskillslikemunicationandinterpersonalskills.____19____.Somemaythinkthatworkinginisolation(單獨)ismoreefficientsincemoretimeistakenwhencooperatingwithothers.Formoretalentedindividuals,workingalonemeansbeingthestarofaproject.____20____.But,thelossofsynergy(協同作用)thatonlyteameffortcangeneratemayalsopreventtheteamfromreachingitsfullpotential.A.TakeLeicesterCityforexampleB.ThuswecanexpectgreaterjobsatisfactionC.TeammemberscanalsobedividedinopinionsD.Theydon’tneedtosharethesuccesswithothersE.Let’snotwaveawaythechancetoworkinteamsF.AndfinallyworkinginateammultiplieslearningopportunitiesG.Welearntorespectdifferencesinworkingstylesandopinions,anddeveloptrust【答案】16.A17.B18.F19.G20.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了團隊合作之所以對團隊達成目標重要的三個原因。【16題詳解】下文“ItwonthePremierLeaguein2016,totheutterdisbeliefofmanysoccerfans.LeicesterCity,previouslyregardedastheunderdogoftheLeague,displayedextremelyimpressiveteamwork,whichledtoitsunbelievablevictoryinsoccerhistory.(令許多球迷完全難以置信的是，它在2016年贏得了英超聯賽冠軍。萊斯特城曾經被認為是聯賽的失敗者，但他們表現出了令人印象深刻的團隊合作，從而取得了足球史上令人難以置信的勝利)”可知，萊斯特城在英超聯賽上的勝利是對上文觀點的舉例，A項“以萊斯特城為例”引出下文，符合題意。故選A項。【17題詳解】上文“Next,teamworkmeansmemberssharetheworkload.Whenworkisdistributedandeachofusinateamspecializesinspecifictasks,thestressoneachofusisreducedandthepletionoftasksbeforedeadlineisensured.(其次，團隊合作意味著成員分擔工作量。當工作被分配，我們每個人都在一個團隊中專門從事特定的任務時，我們每個人的壓力就會減少，并確保在截止日期前完成任務)”說明了團隊合作的諸多益處，可以按時完成任務，和B項“因此，我們可以期待更高的工作滿意度”，與上文構成因果關系，進一步指明了因為團隊成員分擔工作量之后，我們可以期待更高的工作滿意程度。故選B項。【18題詳解】下文“Teammemberslearnfrommoreexperiencedmemberswhomayofferdeeperinsightsandperspectives.(團隊成員向更有經驗的成員學習，這些成員可能會提供更深入的見解和觀點)”及“Besidesencouragingthesharingofknowledgeandexperiences,teamworkalsodevelopssoftskillslikemunicationandinterpersonalskills.(除了鼓勵知識和經驗的分享，團隊合作還培養了溝通和人際交往能力等軟技能)”可知，本段想要介紹的是在團隊工作中會學到很多東西，F項“最后，在團隊中工作可以增加學習機會”

起到了對本段的總結概括作用，作為本段的主題句，符合題意。故選F項。【19題詳解】上文“Besidesencouragingthesharingofknowledgeandexperiences,teamworkalsodevelopssoftskillslikemunicationandinterpersonalskills.

(除了鼓勵知識和經驗的分享，團隊合作還培養了溝通和人際交往能力等軟技能)”和G項“我們學會尊重不同的工作方式和意見，并建立信任”構成內容上的承接關系，指明了團隊合作除了可以培養了溝通和人際交往能力等軟技能之外，還可以讓我學會學會尊重不同的工作方式和意見，并建立信任。故選G項。【20題詳解】上文“Formoretalentedindividuals,workingalonemeansbeingthestarofaproject.(對于更有才華的人來說，獨自工作意味著成為項目的明星)”中的moretalentedindividuals和D項“他們不需要與他人分享成功”中的they指代一致，解釋了獨自工作意味著成為項目的明星的原因就是不需要與他人分享成功。故選D項。第三部分：語言運用(共兩節，滿分30分)第一節：完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卷上將該選項標號涂黑。Haveyoueverfelttheneedtograbapenandstartwritingyourthoughtsonpaper?Words—beautifulandfascinating.Butyouknowwhatisbetterthanputtingyourimaginationsomewhere?Inmycase,towinthepetitionforthebestnovelist.Thatwasasmalltournamentorganizedbymyschoolannuallyto___21___ourcreativewritingandvividimagination.SinceIhadaburningpassionfor___22___,Idecidedtoshowmypower.Ithoughtnoonecould___23___me.If