Unit1PeopleofAchievementLearningaboutLanguage學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1.掌握本節(jié)生詞、短語及句型的表達(dá)與運(yùn)用。2.掌握非限制定語從句的用法。知識(shí)運(yùn)用 1.obtain詞性：____________意思：_____________toobtainsthbydoingsth通過做某事獲得某事物abletoobtain能獲得的difficulttoobtain難得到的easytoobtain容易得到的obtainget取得，獲得obtainapproval得到認(rèn)可obtaindirectly直接獲得練習(xí)：Arrietawasaccusedofillegally______(obtain)informationfromtheintelligenceservices.2.objective詞性：____________意思：_____________toachieveanobjective實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)importantobjective重要目標(biāo)mainobjective主要目標(biāo)練習(xí)：Youmustsetrealisticaimsand______(objective)foryourself.3.apparently詞性：____________意思：_____________apparentadj.明顯的;顯而易見的beapparenttosb.對(duì)某人來講是明顯的It'sapparent/clear/obvious/evident(tosb.)that...(對(duì)某人來說)很明是……練習(xí)：Thenews________(apparent)cameasapletesurprise.4.crucial詞性：____________意思：_____________toplayacrucialpartinsth.在…中起重要作用tobecrucialtosth.對(duì)…至關(guān)重要crucialdecision重要決策crucialdevelopment重要發(fā)展crucialrole關(guān)鍵作用tobecrucialtosth.對(duì)…至關(guān)重要itiscrucial(that)...…是至關(guān)重要的練習(xí)：我們要確保人們清楚地意識(shí)到有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這非常重要。__________________________________________________句型梳理1.（教材P4）ItstruckhimthattheotherChinesemeninthephotoapparentlydidnotcareaboutwhatwashappeningtotheirfellowcountrymen.他突然意識(shí)到照片中其他的中國人顯然并不在乎他們的同胞的遭遇。Itstrikessb.+that…某人突然意識(shí)到結(jié)構(gòu)拓展1.ithits/occurstosb.that...某人突然想到……Itsuddenlyhit/occurredtomethattraditionalcultureliketeaculturewasofgreatcharmandhugevalue.我突然想到傳統(tǒng)文化如茶文化,具有巨大的魅力和極大的價(jià)值。2.sth.strikes/hits/occurstosb.某人突然想到某事HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface,somethingstruck/hit/occurredtome.他昏迷了,當(dāng)我看著他的臉的時(shí)候,我突然想到了什么。語法解析非限制性定語從句1.非限制性定語從句的作用非限制性定語從句只是對(duì)先行詞的補(bǔ)充、解釋或附加說明,即使去掉主句的意思仍然完整。它與主句之間一般用逗號(hào)分開,常常翻譯成與主句并列的句子。Wang,whoisoftenindangeroussituations,isalsoajudo(柔道)master.王也是一位柔道大師,他經(jīng)常處于危險(xiǎn)的境地。Peter,whosemotherisinhospital,willtakeafewdaysofftolookafterher.彼得的母親住院了,他要請(qǐng)幾天假來照顧她。YesterdayJimmyleftforCanada,wherehewouldstayfortwoyears.昨天吉米出發(fā)去加拿大了,他將在那里待兩年。Wewillputoffthemeetinguntilnextweek,whenwewon'tbesobusy.我們將把會(huì)議推遲到下周,那時(shí)我們就不這么忙了。限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別：區(qū)別限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句作用不同說明的是先行詞必不可少的情況對(duì)先行詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明形式不同關(guān)系詞和先行詞不用逗號(hào)分開關(guān)系詞和先行詞用逗號(hào)分開先行詞不同只能是名詞或代詞可以是名詞或代詞,也可以是整個(gè)主句或主句的一部分關(guān)系詞不同可用that;關(guān)系代詞作賓語可省略不用that;關(guān)系代詞作賓語不可省略翻譯不同譯作定語，翻譯為“......的......”主句與從句分開翻譯,從句可譯作與主句并列的句子2.使用非限制性定語從句應(yīng)注意的問題(1)非限制性定語從句不能用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)。(2)非限制性定語從句不能用關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo),要用forwhich代替why。(3)非限制性定語從句的先行詞可以是整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容,這時(shí)從句謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。Heisveryoutgoing,whichisknowntousallinourpany.他非常外向,這是我們公司的人都知道的。Ihavetoldhimthereason,why(×)/forwhich(√)Imissedtheearlybus.我沒能趕上早班車,我已經(jīng)告訴了他原因。ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50kilometerracewalk,that(×)/which(√)isaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)上最長的田徑項(xiàng)目是50公里競走,它比馬拉松長約5英里。3.as、which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)的區(qū)別(1)在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，as常譯為“正如”；which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,修飾整個(gè)主句時(shí),which常譯為“這，那”。(2)as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句可位于主句之前、之中或之后,而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句不能位于主句之前。(3)which在定語從句中可以作定語或介詞的賓語，而as不能。友情提醒：as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí),常用于下列一些固定結(jié)構(gòu)中：asisexpected不出所料asismentionedabove正如上面所提到的asweallknow/asisknowntoall眾所周知asisreported正如所報(bào)道的asisoftenthecase這是常有的事ashasbeensaidbefore如上所述Asyoucansee,hediditmuchbetterthanI.如你所見,他做得比我好得多。Light,asweknow,travelsfasterthansound.正如我們所知,光的傳播速度比聲音的傳播速度快。Heinvitedmetodinner,whichmademeveryhappy.他請(qǐng)我吃飯,這使我很高興。Imayhavetoworklate,inwhichcaseI'lltelephone.我可能得工作到很晚,那樣的話我會(huì)打的。HegraduatedfromalocalhighschoolafterwhichhewenttoPekingUniversity.他畢業(yè)于當(dāng)?shù)氐囊凰咧?之后他去了北京大學(xué)。4.“代詞/數(shù)詞+of+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句一些數(shù)詞或代詞如allsome,one,both,neither,none,any,either等可與of起修飾關(guān)系代詞.常用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)用whom，指物時(shí)用which，不可以用that。Hehasthreesons,twoofwhomaredoctors.他有三個(gè)兒子,其中兩個(gè)是醫(yī)生。Herearethequestions,someofwhichIthinkaredifficultforyou.問題都在這兒,我認(rèn)為其中一些對(duì)你來說太難了。鞏固練習(xí)1.______isexpected，hewonthegame.Wewereallhappyforhim.2.Hewrotemanychildren'sbooks,nearlyhalfof______werepublishedinthe1990s.3.Weattendedthemeetingintheschoollecturehalllastnight,______seatsmorethan300students.4.Anurse,______hadworkedinthefrontlineforaweek,couldonlygiveanairhugtohervisitingdaughterfromasafedistance.5.Hisintereststartedafewyearsago,______hewasincollegeandwasstudyingwildlifescience.6.Iclimbedtothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,______wehadagoodviewofthelake.7.Thescientistsdesignedexperiments,______goalwastoprovewhethe