選擇性必修一Unit1Peopleofachievement認知詞匯crucialvitalphysiologymalariapropertyextractwormwoodboilliquidobtaindefeatsubstancemostlyfleecircumstanceflowchartrelativityformulageniuspatentdoctorateextraordinaryphotoelectricmoustacheencountermourninstitutiondevicesumdraftapparentlynumerousgraduallyinstitute詞性轉換1.________________vt.承諾，保證--_________________n.承諾，投入--_______________adj.盡心盡力的2.________________n.研究院，學會--________________adj.學業的，學術的3.________________n.目標adj.客觀的--___________________n.物體4._________________adj.植物學的--________________n.植物學家--________________n.植物學5.________________vt.評價；評估--___________vt.珍視&n.價值--_______________adj.有價值的________________adj.極其寶貴的--________________adj.毫無價值的6.________________adj.清晰的；有區別的--________________n.區別，差別________________adj.獨特的，與眾不同的--________________vt.使有別于7.__________________vt.承認，感謝--_______________________n.承認；致謝8.__________________vt.分析--__________________n.分析--_________________adj.善于分析的__________________n.分析儀；分析者9._________________v.堅持，堅決要求--__________________adj.堅持的；再三的10.________________adj.科學的--______________n.科學--_______________n.科學家11._________________n.結論，推論--________________vt.下結論--___________________adj.結論性的__________________adj.結束的，結尾的12._________________n.小說家--_______________n.小說13._________________vt.創建--________________n.創建者--________________n.創辦；地基14._________________vt.推斷--________________n.推斷；結論15._________________n.理論--_________________adj.理論的16._________________adj.溫柔的，文靜的--_______________adv.溫柔地；輕柔地17._________________n.激情；酷愛--__________________adj.充滿激情的18._________________n.結果；后果--___________________adj.隨后的19._________________n.個性；特點--___________________adj.奇特的；怪異的20._________________n.教授--____________________adj.專業的--_________________n.職業，行業21._________________adj.非凡的，顯著的--_______________vt.評論，談論&n.言論，談論三、必備短語…的發現___________________死于______________________…的重要部分_____________________________一位堅定且有耐心的科學家___________________________帶著…的目標______________________________第一批被選中的研究人員_____________________________起初_______________________________________古代中國醫學文本____________________________________藥性________________________________________陷入困境___________________________承認失敗__________________________偶然地_____________________提取_________________在他們自己身上試藥_________________________________________________________抵抗________________________磨損_________________________得出結論_________________________________為…做出無數貢獻_______________________因為，由于_______________成功通過了考試_________________________處于對知識的熱愛________________________________________上臺執政________________________________因此，結果_______________________________________________擔任，任職_____________________________在…做出巨大成就_________________________________________豎立___________________受到電擊_____________________________總結，概括__________________________四、單句填詞1.Thankstoyourencouragement,Ihavebeenmaking__________________(顯著的)progressinmystudy.2.Moderncommunicationis_____________(至關重要的)topeople'slifestyleandbroadenspeople'shorizons.3._____________(創辦)morethanonehundredyearsago,PekingUniversityisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesinChina.4.Scientistshavemany______________(理論)abouthowtheuniversecameintobeing.5.Furtherreadingmademerealizethatitwashardworkanddeterminationaswellasher__________(溫柔的)naturethatgotherintomedicalschool.6.Thisiswhymostseniorhighschoolstudentssuffera_____________（失敗）everyday.7.Itissurprisingthatheshould(承認)____________________makingamistake,.8.Mosttourguidesdothejoboutof_________________(激情)fortravellingratherthanmoney.9.Ithoughtshemusthavemanydifficultiesto________________(遇到),soIvolunteeredtohelpher.10.________________toeducation,he____________everyminutetostudyingandteaching,sohis________________finallypaidoff.(commit)11.I’vecometothe________________(conclude)thathe’snottherightpersonforthejob.12.Theconcertbeganwithapieceofrelaxingmusicand____________(conclude)withapieceofsoftmusic.13.Oneoftheworst___________________(consequence)ofsmokingforalongtimeisthatyoumaysufferfromlungcancer.14.Theseactivitiesareinterestingandeducational.________________(consequence),studentswilltakeanactivepartinthem.15.Asformyfavourite______________(novel),itmustbeMarkTwain,oneofthebest-knownAmericanwritersinthenineteenthcentury.16.In1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66__________________(novel)publishedinBritain.17.Likehisfather,Martinearnedhislivingasafarmer,buthegrewcropswith_____________(science)methods.18.Asisknowntousall,ChenWeiisanoutstandingChinesewoman__________________(science)inthefieldofmedicine.19.Istronglysuggestthatyou(should)commitonehourtoreading/readEnglisheveryday,whichwill__________(gradual)improveyourspokenEnglish.20.Asis_______________(apparent)showninthechartabove,thereareabout10%studentssupportingtheidea.非限制性定語從句定義非限制性定語從句對所修飾的先行詞沒有限制詞義的作用，通常只起補充說明的作用，由逗號把它和主句隔開，在譯成中文時，這個從句一般譯成一個并列句。that和why不能引導非限制性定語從句。關系詞非限制性定語從句可以用which,who,whom,whose,when,where等引導，也可以用“介詞+關系代詞which/whom”引導。關系代詞which引導非限制性定語從句時，既可以指代名詞或代詞，也可以指代整個主句。限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的區別區別限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句作用說明的是先行詞必不可少的情況對先行詞進行補充解釋形式關系詞和先行詞不用逗號隔開關系詞和先行詞用逗號分開先行詞只能是名詞或代詞可以是名詞或代詞，也可以是整個主句或主句中的一部分關系詞可用that；關系代詞在主句中做賓語時可省略不用that和why；關系代詞不能省略譯法譯成“…的…”主句和從句分開翻譯，從句通常可譯作并列句as和which引導非限制性定語從句，其先行詞是整個主句時的區別as引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞是整個主句時，as具有“正如，像”的意思。as引導的非限制性定語從句中常含有這些動詞：see,know,hear,watch,report,remember,say,tell,show,expect,guess等，這類動詞與as連用幾乎成了一種固定搭配。as引導的定語從句可以置于句首，句中或句尾。asweallknow眾所周知asweallcansee正如我們都能看到的那樣asIcanremember正如我所記得的asyoucansee如你所見aseverybodycando正如人人都能做到的那樣asoftenhappens正如經常發生的那樣asweexpect正如我們預料的那樣aswasexpeceted正如預料的那樣ashasbeensaidabove如上所述ascanbeseen看得出來asmaybeimagined正如可以想象的那樣asisoftenthecase這是常見的情況which引導的非限制性定語從句指前面主句所提到的整件事時，常譯為“這一點；這件事”。這時它所引導的從句與主句之間常含有語義上的并列、因果關系。which引導的定語從句只能位于主句的后面。MoYanwasawardedtheNobelPrizeinLiteraturein2012,whichmadeoneoftheChinesepeople’slong-helddreamscometrue.莫言在2012年獲得了諾貝爾文學獎，這使得中國人長久以來的一個夢想成真了。Which在定語從句中可以作定語或介詞的賓語，而as則不能。Shegraduatedfromalocalhighschool,afterwhichshewenttoPekingUniversity.她畢業于當地的一所高中，之后她去了北京大學。當從句的謂語動詞是否定形式或從句中的賓語補足語時，一般用which而不用as。Headmireseveryoneinhisclass,whichIfindquitestrange.他羨慕班里的每個學生，我認為這太奇怪了。Ⅰ.用適當的關系詞填空1.Hisbestmovie,________wonseveralawards,wasaboutthelifeofGandhi.2.Kae,________sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkinAustralia.3.DuringtheSpringFestivalGalaof2020,didyouseeWangYuan,________isnowafamousyouthactor.4.Thefamousactor,GuoDonglin,________namewasknown,becamealittledepressedrecently.5.ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,________IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermittedtofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.6.Whenitcomestothemajorityofthelatesttechnologiesinthenext20years,nonehasgreaterpotentialthanthetechnologybeingdevelopedintheseyoungpeople’scompany,________inmyeyeswillleadtoarevolution.7.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,________isnotgoodforthehealth.8.EveryoneknowsthatZhongNanshan________servesasamedicalscientist,hasdevotedhimselftohardworkagain.9．Thisisthesamedictionary________Ilostlastweek.10．LastSundaytheyreachedNanjing,________aconferencewastobeheld.11.SomepeoplethinkthatConfucius,____________livedfromroughly551to479BCE,influencedthedevelopmentofchopsticks12.IcanintroduceChinesepaintingskillstovisitors,__________canhelpthemknowmoreaboutChineseculture.13.Thosewithoutoutsidespacecanrentsmallpiecesofland_________theycangrowthings,whichisreallyagreatidea.14.TheNationalHalfMarathon,___________popularityisgrowingmuchstronger,hasbecomeourannualsportsgala.15.Thesushibar,thewallsof__________arepaintednavyblue,isindeedanidealplaceforusofficeworkers,especiallyafterwork.16.Thefirehasalsoleftmanypeopleinjured,5of____________areinacriticalcondition.17.Thistermourschooloffersmanyoptionalcoursestothestudents,____________eachofthemappealstomanystudents.18.Ourschooloffersavarietyofafter-schoolactivities,__________whichweallbenefitalot.19.____________itsuggests,inbaseballthismeansthatabatterisoutaftermakingthreeunsuccessfulattemptstohittheball.20.I'drathervisitEuropeinsummer,_____________theweatherisatitsbest.選擇性必修一Unit1Peopleofachievement一、認知詞匯crucialvitalphysiologymalariapropertyextractwormwood至關重要的必不可少的生理學瘧疾性質，特征提取蒿；洋艾boilliquidobtaindefeatsubstancemostlyflee沸騰液體獲得，贏得失敗，挫敗物質主要地逃跑circumstanceflowchartrelativityformulageniuspatent條件，環境流動圖表相對論公式天才專利doctorateextraordinaryphotoelectricmoustacheencountermourninstitution博士學位不一般的光電的上唇的胡子偶然碰到哀悼社會公共機構devicesumdraftapparentlynumerousgraduallyinstitute方法；裝置總結，概括草稿明顯地眾多的逐漸地機構二、詞性轉換1.__commit__vt.承諾，保證--___commitment____n.承諾，投入--__committed____adj.盡心盡力的2.__academy____n.研究院，學會--___academic___adj.學業的，學術的3.__objective__n.目標adj.客觀的--____object_____n.物體4.__botanical____adj.植物學的--___botanist___n.植物學家--__botany___n.植物學5._evaluate__vt.評價；評估--__value_vt.珍視&n.價值--__valuable__adj.有價值的_invaluable__adj.極其寶貴的--__valueless____adj.毫無價值的6.__distinct___adj.清晰的；有區別的--__distinction___n.區別，差別__distinctive___adj.獨特的，與眾不同的--distinguish__vt.使有別于7._acknowledge__vt.承認，感謝--____acknowledgement______n.承認；致謝8._analyse____vt.分析--___analysis___n.分析--____analytical___adj.善于分析的____analyser_____n.分析儀；分析者9.__insist____v.堅持，堅決要求--___insistent___adj.堅持的；再三的10.__scientific___adj.科學的--__science___n.科學--____scientist__n.科學家11._conclusion_n.結論，推論--____conclude__vt.下結論--___conclusive______adj.結論性的__concluding_____adj.結束的，結尾的12.___novelist____n.小說家--___novel_____n.小說13.___found_____vt.創建--___founder_____n.創建者--____foundation____n.創辦；地基14.___infer_____vt.推斷--____inference____n.推斷；結論15.__theory_____n.理論--___theoretical_____adj.理論的16.___gentle_____adj.溫柔的，文靜的--______gently__adv.溫柔地；輕柔地17.___passion_____n.激情；酷愛--___passionate______adj.充滿激情的18.__consequence____n.結果；后果--___consequent____adj.隨后的19.__peculiarity______n.個性；特點--___peculiar_____adj.奇特的；怪異的20.___professor_____n.教授--___professional______adj.專業的--__profession____n.職業，行業21.____remarkable_____adj.非凡的，顯著的--__remark__vt.評論，談論&n.言論，談論三、必備短語…的發現_thediscoveryof____死于__diefrom_______…的重要部分_avitalpartof__________一位堅定且有耐心的科學家_acommittedandpatientscientist___帶著…的目標____withtheobjectiveof_第一批被選中的研究人員_thefirstresearcherschosen___起初__inthebeginning_______________古代中國醫學文本___ancientChinesemecialtexts_____藥性___medicalproperties______________陷入困境__getstuck_________承認失敗___acknowledgedefeat_____偶然地_bychance______提取_drawout___在他們自己身上試藥__testthemedicineonthemselves______抵抗__standupto______磨損__wearandtear______得出結論_cometoanyconclusions______為…做出無數貢獻_makenumerouscontributionsto_因為，由于_dueto___成功通過了考試_managetopasstheexam___出于對知識的熱愛_outotastrongpassionforknowledge上臺執政_cometopower______因此，結果____asaconsequence______________擔任，任職__takeupapositionas_______在…做出巨大成就__makegreatachievementsin______豎立___standonend___受到電擊__receieveanelectricshock____總結，概括___sumup_______四、單句填詞1.Thankstoyourencouragement,Ihavebeenmaking___remarkable_(顯著的)progressinmystudy.2.Moderncommunicationis___crucial__(至關重要的)topeople'slifestyleandbroadenspeople'shorizons.3.___Founded_(創辦)morethanonehundredyearsago,PekingUniversityisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesinChina.4.Scientistshavemany_theories___(理論)abouthowtheuniversecameintobeing.5.Furtherreadingmademerealizethatitwashardworkanddeterminationaswellasher_gentle_(溫柔的)naturethatgotherintomedicalschool.6.Thisiswhymostseniorhighschoolstudentssuffera__defeat__（失敗）everyday.7.Itissurprisingthatheshould(承認)_acknowledge_____makingamistake,.8.Mosttourguidesdothejoboutof__passion______(激情)fortravellingratherthanmoney.9.Ithoughtshemusthavemanydifficultiesto__encounter_(遇到),soIvolunteeredtohelpher.10.__Committed__toeducation,he_committed__everyminutetostudyingandteaching,sohis__commitment__finallypaidoff.(commit)11.I’vecometothe__conclusion__(conclude)thathe’snottherightpersonforthejob.12.Theconcertbeganwithapieceofrelaxingmusicand_concluded__(conclude)withapieceofsoftmusic.13.Oneoftheworst_consequences_(consequence)ofsmokingforalongtimeisthatyoumaysufferfromlungcancer.14.Theseactivitiesareinterestingandeducational.__Consequently___(consequence),studentswilltakeanactivepartinthem.15.Asformyfavourite__novelist__(novel),itmustbeMarkTwain,oneofthebest-knownAmericanwritersinthenineteenthcentury.16.In1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66__novels(novel)publishedinBritain.17.Likehisfather,Martinearnedhislivingasafarmer,buthegrewcropswith__scientific__(science)methods.18.Asisknowntousall,ChenWeiisanoutstandingChinesewoman_scientists___(science)inthefieldofmedicine.19.Istronglysuggestthatyou(should)commitonehourtoreading/readEnglisheveryday,whichwill__gradually___(gradual)improveyourspokenEnglish.20.Asis__apparently___(apparent)showninthechartabove,thereareabout10%studentssupportingtheidea.非限制性定語從句定義非限制性定語從句對所修飾的先行詞沒有限制詞義的作用，通常只起補充說明的作用，由逗號把它和主句隔開，在譯成中文時，這個從句一般譯成一個并列句。that和why不能引導非限制性定語從句。關系詞非限制性定語從句可以用which,who,whom,whose,when,where等引導，也可以用“介詞+關系代詞which/whom”引導。關系代詞which引導非限制性定語從句時，既可以指代名詞或代詞，也可以指代整個主句。限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的區別區別限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句作用說明的是先行詞必不可少的情況對先行詞進行補充解釋形式關系詞和先行詞不用逗號隔開關系詞和先行詞用逗號分開先行詞只能是名詞或代詞可以是名詞或代詞，也可以是整個主句或主句中的一部分關系詞可用that；關系代詞在主句中做賓語時可省略不用that和why；關系代詞不能省略譯法譯成“…的…”主句和從句分開翻譯，從句通常可譯作并列句as和which引導非限制性定語從句，其先行詞是整個主句時的區別as引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞是整個主句時，as具有“正如，像”的意思。as引導的非限制性定語從句中常含有這些動詞：see,know,hear,watch,report,remember,say,tell,show,expect,guess等，這類動詞與as連用幾乎成了一種固定搭配。as引導的定語從句可以置于句首，句中或句尾。asweallknow眾所周知asweallcansee正如我們都能看到的那樣asIcanremember正如我所記得的asyoucansee如你所見aseverybodycando正如人人都能做到的那樣asoftenhappens正如經常發生的那樣asweexpect正如我們預料的那樣aswasexpeceted正如預料的那樣ashasbeensaidabove如上所述ascanbeseen看得出來asmaybeimagined正如可以想象的那樣asisoftenthecase這是常見的情況which引導的非限制性定語從句指前面主句所提到的整件事時，常譯為“這一點；這件事”。這時它所引導的從句與主句之間常含有語義上的并列、因果關系。which引導的定語從句只能位于主句的后面。MoYanwasawardedtheNobelPrizeinLiteraturein2012,whichmadeoneoftheChinesepeople’slong-helddreamscometrue.莫言在2012年獲得了諾貝爾文學獎，這使得中國人長久以來的一個夢想成真了。Which在定語從句中可以作定語或介詞的賓語，而as則不能。Shegraduatedfromalocalhighschool,afterwhichshewenttoPekingUniversity.她畢業于當地的一所高中，之后她去了北京大學。當從句的謂語動詞是否定形式或從句中的賓語補足語時，一般用which而不用as。Headmireseveryoneinhisclass,whichIfindquitestrange.他羨慕班里的每個學生，我認為這太奇怪了。Ⅰ.用適當的關系詞填空1.Hisbestmovie,_who__wonseveralawards,wasaboutthelifeofGandhi.2.Kae,_whose__sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkinAustralia.3.DuringtheSpringFestivalGalaof2020,didyouseeWangYuan,_who_isnowafamousyouthactor.4.Thefamousactor,GuoDonglin,_whose_namewasknown,becamealittledepressedrecently.5.ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-