Unit2

Robots——機器人1/58本節目錄基礎盤點自測自評考點串講講練互動2/58基礎盤點自測自評[關鍵單詞]1．_________

n．渴望;欲望;渴求vt.希望得到;想要2．______________

vt.陪同;伴奏3．________n．事務;事情;曖昧關系4．________vt.忌妒;羨慕5．________adj.一定;親密相關6．________n．全體員工;手杖7．________adj.較年幼;資歷較淺;地位較低n.年少者;晚輩;等級較低者8．________

n．離婚;斷絕關系vt.與……離婚;與……脫離9．________

vt.&vi.服從;順從desireaccompanyaffair

envy

bound

staff

junior

divorceobey

3/5810．_____________adj.超重;體重超常11．_____________

adj.優雅;高雅;考究12．_____________n．滿意;滿足;令人滿意事物→satisfyvt.使滿足;使滿意→satisfying&satisfactoryadj.令人滿意→satisfiedadj.滿意13．_________

vt.使警覺;使驚慌;驚動n.警報;驚慌→alarmedadj.擔心;害怕14．_____________n．同情(心)→sympatheticadj.同情overweight

elegantsatisfaction

alarmsympathy

4/5815．_________

n．喜愛;恩惠vt.喜愛;偏袒→favourableadj.贊成;有利→favouriteadj.最喜愛16．__________

vt.宣告;申明;表明;宣稱→declarationn．宣言;公布17．__________

n．天才;特殊能力;才能→talentedadj.有才氣;有才能favourdeclaretalent5/58[高頻短語]1．____________試驗;考驗2．__________

給……打電話3．_____________

轉向;回轉4．______________

不論;別惹;讓……一個人待著;和……單獨在一起5．_________將……放在一邊;為……節約或保留(錢或時間)6．________

一共;總計7．____________

一定做……test

outring

upturn

around

leave...aloneset

asidein

allbe

bound

to6/588．____________

尋找9．_________________把……和……進行比較10．___________

更確切地說11．______________對……低聲說12．_________________

愛上……search

for

compare...with...or

ratherwhisperto...fall

in

love

with

7/58[經典句式]1．there引導全部倒裝結構Assheturnedaround,______________GladysClaffern.她一轉身,發覺格拉迪斯·克拉芬站在那里。2．“have＋賓語＋賓補”結構①ButeventhoughTonyhadbeensoclever,hewouldhavetoberebuilt—youcannothavewomen__________________machines.不過,盡管托尼很聰明,他還得經過一番改造——總不能讓女人與機器相愛吧！②Asimovbeganhaving_____________________insciencefictionmagazinesin1939.1939年,阿西莫夫開始在科幻雜志上發表文章。there

stood

falling

in

love

withstories

published8/583．what＋a/an＋adj.＋n.＋謂語,引導感嘆句_____________________tobeenviedbythosewomen!受到那些女士妒忌,這該是多么甜美勝利！4．more...than...“與其說……倒不如說……”HisnamewasTonyandheseemed______________________amachine.他名字叫托尼,與其說他看上去像一臺機器,倒不如說他更像一個人。What

a

sweet

victorymore

like

a

human

than9/58[單元語法]不定式被動語態1．(·河南省鄭州市高三第二次質量預測)ShanghaiDisneylandPark,________in,willattracttouristsfromalloverChinathen.A．tohavebeencompletedB．beingcompletedC．completedD．tobecompleted解析：選D。考查非謂語動詞。此處不定式被動式表示未來動作且是被動,相當于非限制性定語從句。10/582．(·南昌調研)Somuchworkneedsdoingthisyear,buttheone________immediatelyiscollectingmoneyfortheorphans.A．done

B．tobedoneC．doing D．beingdone解析：選B。句意：今年有很多工作要做,而需要馬上做一件事就是為這些孤兒們籌款。表示將要做事情,要用動詞不定式短語作定語。done表示已經做完,beingdone表示正在被做。11/583．(·西城模擬)__________people’slivingstandards,thecentralgovernmentwilltakemoremeasuresinthecomingyears.A．Toraise B．RaiseC．Raising D．Toberaised解析：選A。考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了提升人民生活水平,中央政府將在隨即幾年采取更多辦法。此處是不定式短語作目標狀語。12/584．(·江西南昌調研)Mostofushavealreadyknowntheproblems________atthemeetingwhichwillbeheldtomorrowafternoon.A．todiscuss B．beingdiscussedC．discussed D．tobediscussed解析：選D。考查非謂語動詞。題干中定語從句whichwillbeheldtomorrowafternoon表明這些問題即將在明天會議上被討論,所以空處應用動詞不定式被動式。動詞不定式被動式作后置定語,表示未來和被動,故選D。13/585．Ihavetoturntomyteacherforhelp,becausethismathproblemisratherdifficult________.A．toworkout B．tobeworkedoutC．toworkingout D．tobeworkingout解析：選A。在“形容詞＋不定式”作表語結構中,句子主語又是動詞不定式邏輯賓語時,慣用不定式主動形式表示被動意義。14/58考點串講講練互動[單詞精研]1.desire

n．渴望;欲望;渴求vt.希望得到;想要(·高考重慶卷·閱讀了解E)However,thedesireforhigherqualityhasnonaturallimits.然而,對于更高質量要求沒有自然極限。15/5816/58①However,Idon’tbelieveyoushouldforcepeopletohelpothers—thedesiretohelpmustcomefromtheheart.不過,我認為你不應該強迫人們去幫助他人——想要幫助他人愿望必須來自于內心深處。②(朗文P547)Onewomanhadexpressedastrongdesiretolearntoread.一位婦女表示了學識字強烈愿望。

③Asisknowntous,everyonedesireshealthandhappiness.眾所周知,人人都渴望幸福、健康。④Wedesirethatimmediatehelpbegiventothelocalvillagerswhohavebeentrappedbytheflood.我們渴望給予那些被洪水圍困當地村民們馬上救援。17/582.favour

n．喜愛;恩惠,幫忙;優惠

vt.喜愛;偏袒(＝favor)(·高考湖北卷·多項選擇)Whenaskedabouttheiropinionsabouttheschoolmaster,manyteacherswouldprefertoseehimstepasideinfavorofyoungermen.當被問及他們對校長意見時,許多老師都希望看到他讓位給年輕人。18/58歸納拓展(1)asksb.afavour＝askafavourofsb.請某人幫忙dosb.afavour＝doafavourforsb.幫某人一個忙owesb.afavour欠……人情(2)dosth.asafavour為了幫忙而做某事(3)infavourof同意;支持;優先選擇inone’sfavour有利于某人19/58①(牛津P734)Couldyoudomeafavourandwatchthebabyforhalfanhour？您能幫我照看嬰兒半個小時嗎？②(牛津P735)I’llaskStevetotakeit.Heowesmeafavour.我要請史蒂夫接收。他欠我一個人情。③Hespokeinatemperatemanner,notfavoringeithersideespecially.他說話態度中庸,并不尤其偏袒任何一方。20/583.sympathy

n．同情,同情(心);贊同,支持(教材P11)Clairethoughtitwasridiculoustobeofferedsympathybyarobot.克萊爾以為,機器人向她表示同情,這有點荒謬可笑。21/58①Itisinbadtimesthatwevaluemosthighlythesupportandsympathyofourfriends.艱難時刻我們更會珍惜朋友們支持與同情。②Outofsympathyforthehomelesschildren,hegavethemshelterforthenight.出于對無家可歸孩子同情,他給他們提供了住宿。③Iamsurehewillbeinsympathywithyourproposal.我確信他一定贊成你提議。22/584.accompany

vt.陪同;伴奏;附有;配有(·高考天津卷·完形填空)WhenIwasalittlegirl,Iwouldoftenaccompanyyouasyoumodeledforfashionphotographers.小時候,你當初尚畫報模特時我經常陪同你23/58①Ourtrainedleaderswillaccompanyyouandtellyoueverythingyouneedtoknow.我們受過培訓帶隊人員會陪同著你,告訴你需要知道一切。②Iwouldhaveaccompaniedyoutothehospital,butIwastoobusythen.我原來打算陪你去醫院,不過我當初太忙了。③Herfatheraccompaniedhertotheconcertandwhenshesang,herfatheraccompaniedheronthepiano.Hersongsoundedwonderfulaccompaniedbythemusic.她父親陪她去音樂會,當她唱歌時,她父親為她鋼琴伴奏。在音樂伴奏下,她歌聲聽起來優美極了。④I’llstayhereandkeepyoucompany,whileyourparentsareaway.當你父母不在時,我留下來陪你。24/585.declare

vt.宣告;申明;表明;宣稱(朗文P523)TheUnitedStatesdeclareditsindependencefromBritainin1776.美國于1776年正式宣告脫離英國而獨立。歸納拓展declaresb./sth.tobe

宣告某人或某事declarefor/against表示贊成/反對declarewar(on/against)(向……)宣戰declaresth.open宣告……開始declaresth.closed宣告……結束25/58①(外研⑥－6)InSeptember1939,BritaindeclaredwaronGermanyafterGermanyinvadedPoland.1939年9月,在德國入侵波蘭后,英國向德國宣戰。②Whentheyaskedhimforhisopinion,hedeclaredstronglyagainstthepolicy.他們向他征求意見時,他申明強烈反對這項政策。③Themomentthe30thLondonOlympicGameswasdeclaredopen,thewholeworldcheered.第三十屆倫敦奧運會一宣告開幕,全世界都沸騰了。26/58[易混辨析]announce,declareannounce指正式地“公開;發表;宣告”,側重“預告”人們所關心或感興趣事情,尤指新聞之類消息。declare指正式地、明確地向公眾“宣告;宣告;申明”,側重“當眾”發表,多用于宣戰、議和、宣判等。27/58[巧思妙解]用announce,declare填空(1)Wehavetimeandtimeagain____________thatwewillneverbethefirsttousenuclearweapons.(2)Itwas____________thattherewouldbeacelebrationonSunday.declaredannounced28/58[跟蹤訓練]Ⅰ.完成句子1．Tobehonest,I________________________(不一樣情她),it’sallherownfault.2．Mostofthemwere_______________________(支持我觀點)whileDavid________________(反對)．3．Willyou__________________(幫我個忙)andtakethistothepostofficeforme?4．AsfarasIknow,thelittleboy________________________________(有強烈求知欲)．5．Theoldwomandesiredhersonsanddaughters____________________________________________________(不時地來探望她)．havenosympathyforheinfavourofmyopinionwasagainstitdomeafavourhasastrongdesireforknowledgetocome/shouldcomeandseeherfromtimetotime29/58Ⅱ.單項填空1．HuJintaometPutininBeijingto________viewsonthedevelopmentofthestrategicrelationsofcooperationandpartnershipbetweenChinaandRussia.A．exchange

B．declareC．change D．express解析：選A。考查動詞辨析。exchange交流,交換;declare宣稱,申明;change改變;express表示,表示。句意：胡錦濤與普京在北京會晤,雙方就發展中國與俄羅斯之間戰略合作搭檔關系方面交換了意見。依據句意選A。30/582．Shehadacomputerathome,andherparentsdesiredthatshe________allherworkathome.A．do B．doesC．mustdo D．woulddo解析：選A。考查虛擬語氣。desire后賓語從句中謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣,組成should＋動詞原形,should能夠省略。31/583．Inourcity,almosteveryoneis________bringingdownthehousingpricebecauseitistoohighforthemtobuyone.A．inhonourof B．insearchofC．inneedof D．infavourof解析：選D。inhonourof紀念;insearchof尋找;inneedof需要;infavourof贊同,支持。句意：在我們城市中,幾乎每一個人都贊同降低房價,因為對他們來說一套房子價格太高了,他們買不起。32/584．It’sbeen________ontheradiothattheschoolsportsmeetingistobeputoffduetothebadweather.A．approved B．desiredC．announced D．abolished解析：選C。考查動詞辨析。approve同意;desire想要,希望得到;announce宣告,通知;abolish廢除;廢止。句意：廣播已宣告,校運會因天氣惡劣推遲。依據句意選C。33/585．I’msureyouwillmakeyourselfunderstoodbetterifyou________yourwordswithgestures.A．advocate B．refreshC．accompany D．transform解析：選C。accompany意為“陪同,伴奏”。句意：假如你說話時伴之以手勢,那么他人必定就能更清楚地明白你意思.advocate擁護,提倡,主張;refresh使恢復,使振作;transform轉化,轉換,改造,變換。34/586．Itissaidthatdogswillkeepyou________foraslongasyouwantwhenyouarefeelinglonely.A．safety B．companyC．house D．friend解析：選B。keeppany為習語,表示“陪同某人;與某人同時

”。35/58[短語精釋]1.leave...alone不論;別惹;讓……一個人待著;和……單獨在一起(·高考江蘇卷·閱讀了解A)Thismonth’ssurveyshowspeopleworldwidehaveanaturalunderstandingofwhattheywouldneedmostifleftaloneonadesertisland.這個月調查顯示,全世界人都很自然有一個想法：假如獨自流落在荒島,他們最想要什么作伴。36/58歸納拓展

leavebehind遺留;把……拋在后面;超出leaveaside擱置一邊leavefor...動身到……leaveout省略;遺漏leaveover留下;剩下37/58①He’sinabadmoodrightnow.We’dbetterleavehimalone.他現在情緒很壞。我們最好不要打攪他。②Don’tleaveoutanynecessaryinformationonyourapplication.你在申請單上不要遺漏任何須要資訊。③Giventhecompany’spoorachievementinthefirsthalfoftheyear,wedecidedthattheinvestmentwouldbeleftaside/over.考慮到企業上六個月業績不佳,我們決定暫緩這次投資。38/582.ringup給……打電話(教材P11)Whentheclerkatthecounterwasrudetoher,sherangTonyupandtoldtheclerktospeaktohim.當站柜臺售貨員對她粗魯時,她就打電話給托尼,讓售貨員同托尼說話。39/58①Herangupthepolicestationforhelp.他給警察局打電話求援。②Ihavesomethingimportanttosay.Pleaseholdonforamoment.我有要事要說,請不要掛斷電話。③Iwasabouttoanswerthephonewhenitwasrungofflastnight.昨天晚上我正要接電話,就在這時電話掛斷了。40/58[跟蹤訓練]Ⅰ.選詞填空1．用leavealone,leaveout,leavebehind,leavefor填空(1)Youwillhavetoputinsomeextraworkifyoudon’twanttoget____________.(2)____________him____________—heobviouslydoesn’twanttotalkaboutit.(3)Wewill____________theairportataquarterpastfive.(4)Theteacherstressedagainthatthestudentsshouldnot____________anyimportantdetailswhileretellingthestory.leftbehindLeavealoneleaveforleaveout41/582．用ring短語填空(1)I’llhaveto____________now;Ihaveatraintocatch.(2)LasteveningIwas____________byanoldfriendwhomIhadnotheardofforyears.(3)Sorry,she’sjustgoneout.Wouldyouliketo____________later?ringoffrungupringback42/58Ⅱ.單項填空1．We’dbetter________whenheisthinking,ashepreferstosolveproblemsonhisown.A．wakehimup B．keephimawayC．leavehimalone D．callhimup解析：選C。由后半句說“他喜歡獨自處理問題”可知前半句是說“當他思索問題時候不要去打攪他”。leavesb.alone意為“不打攪某人;讓某人獨自呆著”。而A項意為“把某人叫醒”;B項慣用作keepsb.awayfrom...,意為“使某人遠離……”;D項意為“給某人打電話”。43/582．ManyforeignfriendswereveryexcitedwhenTianGong-1liftedoffattheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterinGansuProvinceonSept.29,,________weChinesepeople.A．leavealone B．letaloneC．leaveout D．leaveoff解析：選B。考查動詞短語辨析。leavealone不論,別惹,讓一個人待著;letalone更不用說;leaveout遺漏,省略,忽略;leaveoff停頓,中止。句意：年9月29日,當日宮一號在甘肅省酒泉衛星發射中心離地升空時候,許多外國朋友都感到非常興奮,更不用說我們中國人了。44/583．Whenyougetoutofthetaxi,makesurethatnoneofyourpossessionsare________.A．leftoff B．leftaloneC．leftbehind D．leftaside解析：選C。考查動詞短語辨析。leaveoff停頓,不包含;leavealone不論,放任;leavebehind落下,忘帶;leaveaside擱置。句意：離開出租車時要確認不要忘帶你全部財物。依據句意可知答案選C。45/584．—Dorememberto________meupat7o’clockinthemorningonthatday,orIwillforgetallabouttheparty.—Noproblem.A．lift B．bringC．ring D．take解析：選C。句意：“那天早上七點鐘一定要記得給我打電話,不然我會把聚會事兒全忘了。”“沒問題。”ringup“給……打電話”,符合句意。liftup“提起;鼓舞”;bringup“培養;提出”;takeup“占據;從事”。46/585．EinsteinlikedBose’spapersomuchthathe__________hisownworkandtranslateditintoGerman.A．gaveoff B．turneddownC．tookover D．setaside解析：選D。考查動詞短語在詳細語境中含義。giveoff發出;放出(光、熱、氣體等);turndown拒絕;調低(聲音);takeover接管,接任;setaside置……于一邊;留作……用;對某事置之不理。由句意“愛因斯坦如此喜歡Bose文章以至于把自己工作擱置一邊而把那篇文章譯成了德文”可知,應選D。47/58[句型精析]1.(教材P12)ItwasthenthatClairerealizedthatTonyhadopenedthecurtainsofthefrontwindow.也就在這時候,克萊爾才意識到托尼早就把前邊窗戶窗簾拉開了。[句法分析]強調句使用方法：(1)Itwas/is＋被強調部分＋that...組成強調句陳說句形式.(2)強調句疑問句形式。強調句變為普通疑問句時,直接將is/was置于句首。簡略答語為：“Yes,itis/was.”或“No,itisn’t/wasn’t.”(3)強調句特殊疑問句式是：特殊疑問詞＋is/was＋it＋that...。48/58(4)強調“not...until”引導時間狀語時,要用“Itis/wasnotuntil...that...”結構,that后面句子要用必定式,且須用陳說句語序。①ItwasinthebeautifulparkthatwaslocatedbytheseathatwefirstmetournewChineseteacher.是在位于海邊漂亮公園我們第一次遇見我們新漢語老師。②(·高考上海卷)—Wasitbycuttingdownstaffthatshesavedthefirm?—No,itwasbyimprovingworkefficiency.——是經過裁員她才挽救了企業嗎？——不,是經過提升工作效率。49/58③Idon’tknowwhatitwasinthenovelthatmadehimburstintotears.我不知道是小說中什么東西使他突然淚如泉涌。④(·高考湖南卷)ItwasnotuntilIcameherethatIrealizedthisplacewasfamousfornotonlyitsbeautybutalsoitsweather.直到我到這里我才意識到此地不但因其漂亮,更因其天氣而聞名。50/582.(教材P16)Asimovbeganhavingstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazinesin1939.在1939年艾西莫夫開始在科幻雜志上發表小說。[句法分析]havesth.done中過去分詞作賓語補足語,表示被動含義,有時也能夠用getsth.done來替換,該結構意思是“使某事被做”。有時可翻譯為“請人做某事”。(1)havesb.dosth.讓某人干某事(2)havesb./sth.doing讓某人一直做某事(某事處于某種狀態).用于否定句時,have表示“容忍、允許”之意。51/58(3)havesth.todo/tobedone有事要做,have表示“擁有”。①(·高考四川卷)Beforedrivingintothecity,youare