高中英語閱讀教學合肥八中向慧琴1/57四個方面1.高考考綱和真題對閱讀教學啟示。2.如何落實有效課堂閱讀教學。3.如何培養學生自主閱讀習慣。4.常見閱讀教學誤區。2/57高考考綱和真題對閱讀教學的啟示3/57從高考考綱看閱讀理解命題趨勢1.閱讀理解堅持把閱讀技能作為考查項目。知識性閱讀（語言知識，文學知識）技能性閱讀（高考六大類題型）趣味性閱讀（培養愛好：閱讀或背誦比賽等）4/572.試題設計簡潔明晰，選項表意清楚，關系合理5/5760.Whichofthefollowingismostlikelytoleadtolessgroundwater?A.Usingriverwater.B.Throwingbatteriesaway.C.pavingparkinglots.D.Throwingrubbishintolakes.61.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Allwatershortagesareduetohumanbehavior.B.Ittakesalotofefforttomeetourwaterneeds.C.Thereismuchwecandotoreducefamilysize.D.TheaveragefamilyinAmericamakesproperuseofwater.62.Thelastparagraphisintendedto

.A.showushowtofixleaksathomeB.tellushowtorunadishwasherC.provewhatdrinkingglassisbestforusD.suggestwhatwedotosavewaterathome63.Thetextismainlyabout

.A.WhypavingroadsreducesourwaterB.howmuchwedependonwatertoliveC.whydroughtsoccurmoreindryclimatesD.howhumanactivityaffectsourwatersupply6/573.閱讀理解試題考點在文中分布格局恰當7/57Usingtoomuchwaterorthrowingrubbishintoourriversareclearwaysthathumanscanputourwatersupplyindanger,butwealsoaffectourwatersupplyinlessobviousways.(63)Youmaywonderhowpaving(鋪砌)aroadcanleadtolessuseablefreshwater.Amajorpartofthewaterweuseeverydayisgroundwater.Groundwaterdoesnotcomefromlakesorrivers.Itcomefromunderground.Themoreroadsandparkinglotswepave,thelesswatercanflowintothegroundtobecomegroundwater.(60)

8/57

Humanactivityisnotresponsibleforallwatershortages(短缺).Driverclimatesareofcoursemorelikelytohavedroughts(干旱)thanareaswithmorerainfall,butinanycase,goodmanagementcanhelptomakesurethereisenoughwatertomeetourbasicneeds.Thinkingaboutthewayweusewatereverydaycanmakeabigdifference,tooIntheUnitedStates,afamilyoffourcanuse1.5tonsofwateraday!Thisshowshowmuchwedependonwatertolive,butthere’salotwecandotolowerthenumber.(61)

9/57

Youcantakestepstosavewaterinyourhome.(62)Tostartwith,usethesameglassforyourdrinkingwaterallday.Washitonlyonceaday.Runyourdishwasher(洗碗機)onlywhenitisfull。Helpyourparentsfixanyleaksinyourhome.Youcanevenhelptokeepourwatersupplycleanbyrecyclingbatteriesinsteadofthrowingthemaway.10/574.閱讀理解試題干擾項一定包括語篇，能起

到真正干擾作用

11/5761.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Allwatershortagesareduetohumanbehavior.B.Ittakesalotofefforttomeetourwaterneeds.C.Thereismuchwecandotoreducefamilysize.D.TheaveragefamilyinAmericamakesproperuseofwater.12/57

(61)

Humanactivityisnotresponsibleforallwatershortages(短缺).

(A)Drierclimatesareofcoursemorelikelytohavedroughts(干旱)thanareaswithmorerainfall,butinanycase,goodmanagementcanhelptomakesurethereisenoughwatertomeetourbasicneeds.(B)Thinkingaboutthewayweusewatereverydaycanmakeabigdifference,tooIntheUnitedStates,afamilyoffourcanuse1.5tonsofwateraday!(D)Thisshowshowmuchwedependonwatertolive,butthere’salotwecandotolowerthenumber.(C)

13/57選項：A.Allwatershortagesareduetohumanbehavior.原文：Humanactivityisnotresponsibleforallwatershortages(短缺).14/57選項：B.Ittakesalotofefforttomeetourwaterneeds.原文：goodmanagementcanhelptomakesurethereisenoughwatertomeetourbasicneeds.15/57選項：C.Thereismuchwecandotoreducefamilysize.原文：Thisshowshowmuchwedependonwatertolive,butthere’salotwecandotolowerthenumber.（1.5tonsofwater)16/57選項：D.TheaveragefamilyinAmericamakesproperuseofwater.原文：IntheUnitedStates,afamilyoffourcanuse1.5tonsofwateraday!…..there’salotwecandotolowerthenumber.17/575.高考考查六大類題型細節理解推理判斷主旨大意意圖態度猜想詞義篇章構造18/57國家級研究課題《課堂教學與英語高考完形填空和閱讀理解有關性研究》課題研究單位：合肥市教研室合肥外國語學校合肥六中合肥八中合肥十中19/572009-2023年高考閱讀理解題型統計猜想詞義細節理解主旨大意推理判斷意圖態度篇章構造合計2023年2214132137114347題2023年1913832132105336題2023年2013625141136341題合計61（6%）415（41%）89（9%）410（40%）34（3%）15（1%）1024題20/57對教學啟示1.閱讀教學時設置問題要要多樣化。2.根據百分比，設置問題要有層次。3.加強對多種題型解題技巧指導。21/57不一樣題型解題策略細節理解：尋讀法，注意答案和原文正確選項意思相同但體現方式不一樣主旨大意題：關注各段主題句，避免答案以偏概全或過于寬泛推理判斷和意圖態度題：忠實原文，切忌摻雜個人觀點篇章構造題：關注段落之間關系及首段末段猜想詞義題：關注所在段落大意及該詞前后一兩句22/57安徽高考閱讀材料選用遵循標準:一、閱讀量達到2000～2200個詞（包括題目字數），篇數為5篇2023年安徽高考題：A:366(157)B:437(174)C:483(166)D:395(119)E:400(104)共計2081個詞

23/57對教學啟示1.課堂閱讀：閱讀按每分鐘80-90個詞速度給學生設定期間。2.課外閱讀：課外訓練靈活把握語篇材料長度，但要根據長度、難度限時閱讀3.正規考試：命題語篇長度要規范，避免錯誤引導或造成負面心理壓力。24/57二、題材多樣化，涵蓋于新課標24個功能話題之內。25/57高考考試大綱（閱讀方面）2023年：要求考生讀懂熟悉有關日常生活話題簡短文字材料。2023年：要求考生讀懂有關日常生活話題簡短文字材料。26/57KobeBryantNumber:24Byname:PeterPanHeight:2.01mWeight:98kgMajorAwards:NBAregularseasonMVP(2023)NBAFinalsMVP(2023)ThreeNBAAll-StarGameMVPFiveNBAchampionship27/57NBAcareerfrom1996KobeBrant,nowplayingforNBALosAngelesLakersshootingguardpostoftheSecretary,isconsideredthebestperformanceinrecentyears,theNBAstarplayers.BryantisthebestactiveNBAscorer,breaking,shooting,freethrows,threeballs,almostnooffensiveblind,single-gamerecord81pointsonastrongpersonalproofofthis.28/57新課程標準中話題項目：1.個人情況2.家庭、朋友與周圍人3.周圍環境4.日常活動5.學校生活6.愛好與愛好7.個人情感8.人際關系9.計劃與愿望10.節假日活動11.購物12.飲食29/5713.健康14.天氣15.文娛與體育16.旅游與交通17.語言學習18.自然19.世界與環境20.科普知識與當代技術21.熱點話題22.歷史與地理23.社會24.文學與藝術30/57

高考語篇話題百分比和教材語篇話題百分比是否一致？31/572009-2023年高考語篇話題統計話題項目所占篇數話題項目所占篇數1.個人情況12（4.8%）13.健康21（8.5%）2.家庭、朋友與周圍人4（1.6%）14.天氣3（1.2%）3.周圍環境2（0.8%）15.文娛與體育3（1.2%）4.日常活動9（3.6%）16.旅游與交通11（4.4%）5.學校生活10（4%）17.語言學習8（3.2%）6.愛好與愛好4（1.6%）18.自然16（6.5%）7.個人情感8（3.2%）19.世界與環境8（3.2%）8.人際關系26（10.4%）20.科普知識當代技術37（14.9%）9.計劃與愿望16（6.5%）21.熱點話題12（4.8%）10.節假日活動5（2.0%）22.歷史與地理7（2.8%）11.購物5（2.0%）23.社會10（4%）12.飲食8（3.2%）24.文學與藝術3（1.2%）32/57北師大版高中英語模塊（1-8）語篇話題統計

話題項目所占篇數所占百分比話題項目所占篇數所占百分比1.個人情況78.3%13.健康22.4%2.家庭、朋友與周圍人014.天氣03.周圍環境11.2%15.文娛與體育22.4%4.日常活動11.2%16.旅游與交通44.8%5.學校生活11.2%17.語言學習44.8%6.愛好與愛好44.8%18.自然22.4%7.個人情感22.4%19.世界與環境22.4%8.人際關系44.8%20.科普知識與當代技術56%9.計劃與愿望44.8%21.熱點話題78.3%10.節假日活動33.6%22.歷史與地理89.5%11.購物22.4%23.社會1417%12.飲食11.2%24.文學與藝術44.8%33/57統計成果高考語篇話題排名前幾位：當代技術與科普知識，人際關系，健康，自然，計劃與愿望，熱點話題，個人情況

北師大版教材語篇排名前幾位：社會，歷史與地理，熱點話題，個人情況，科普知識與當代技術34/57給教學啟示1.根據話題百分比科學地增減教材內容2.課外選用閱讀語篇要根據高考題材百分比1）21世紀報學生偏重閱讀哪些話題2）校本作業編寫體現話題百分比3）課題組按話題分類編閱寫讀理解專項35/57三、體裁避免單一化，包括記敘文、說明文、應用文、議論文等,有時也是夾敘夾議。36/57多種文體教學策略不一樣記敘文：時間、地點、人物、事件、時間引發思考或啟示（寫作意圖）說明文：理解說明中心，弄清說明辦法（舉例、比較、下定義、引用、列數據）議論文：分析文章構造，明確文章論點（分總、總分、總分總）→不一樣文體命題類型側重點不一樣37/57TheHealthyHabitsSurvey（調查）showsthatonlyaboutonethirdofAmericanseniorshavecorrecthabits.Herearesomefindingsandexpertadvice.1.Howmanytimesdidyoubrushyourteethyesterday?·Finding：Afull33%ofseniorsbrushtheirteethonlyonceaday.·Step：Removethe300typesofbacteriainyourmoutheachmorningwithabattery-operatedtoothbrush.Brushgentlyfor2minutes,atleasttwiceaday.2.Howmanytimesdidyouwashyourhandsorbatheyesterday?·Finding：Seniors,onaverage,bathefewerthan3daysaweek.Andnearly30%washtheirhandsonly4timesaday-halfofthenumberdoctorsrecommend.·Step：Wetouchourfacesaround3,000timesaday-ofteninvitinggerms（病菌）toenterourmouth,nose,andeyes.Usetoiletpapertoavoidtouchingthedoorhandle.And,mostimportant,washyourhandsoftenwithhotrunningwaterandsoapfor20seconds.3.Howoftendoyouthinkaboutfightinggerms?·Finding：Seniorsarenotfightinggermsaswellastheyshould.·Step：Beawareofgerms.Doyouknowitisnotyourtoiletbutyourkitchensponge（海綿）thatcancarrymoregermsthananythingelse?Tokillthesegerms,keepyourspongeinthemicrowavefor10seconds.38/5756.WhatisfoundoutAmericanseniors?A.Mostofthenhavegoodhabits.B.Nearly30%ofthenbathethreedaysaweek.C.Allofthenarefightinggermsbetterthanexpected.D.Aboutonethirdofthembrushtheirteethonlyonceaday57.Doctorssuggestthatpeopleshouldwashtheirhands

.A.twiceadayB.threetimesadayC.fourtimesadayD.eighttimesaday58.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?A.Weshouldkeepfromtouchingourfaces.B.Therearelessthan300typesofbacteriainthemouth.C．Akitchenspongecancarrymoregermsthanatoilet.D.Weshouldwashourhandsbeforetouchingadoorhandle.59.Thetextprobablycomesfrom

.A.aguidebookB.apopularmagazineC.abookreviewD.anofficialdocument39/57北師大版高中英語模塊（1-8）語篇文體統計模塊總篇數記敘文說明文議論文詩歌一1174二1138三1165四1248五11263六103511七972八9252總計84274881百分比32.14%57.14%9.52%1.2%4