PAGE6-2014高考英語單項選擇精英練習題（9）及答案單項填空是多年來高考試題中一直采用的一種題型。縱觀歷屆高考試題，我們不難發現，單項填空按所考查的知識內容大致可以分為六類題型，即：語法結構類、固定搭配類、詞語辨析類、上下文語境類、情景交際類和邏輯推理類。單項填空考查的知識點主要包括名詞、代詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞、動詞短語、動詞時態及語態、非謂語動詞、情態動詞、虛擬語氣、定語從句、名詞性從句、狀語從句、強調句型、倒裝句、省略句和情景交際等。近年來單項填空的題干設計越來越貼近生活。語言更加靈活。它既要求考生對英語語法知識、詞語知識的記憶、理解、掌握和運用，又要求考生能夠根據題干所給的語境條件進行分析、對比，靈活地運用各項英語基礎知識。因此要做好單項填空題，考生除了在平時的學習中做好基礎知識的積累外，還需要掌握一定的答題技巧，提高答題的準確率。112—2解題策略1．利用“有效信息”解題單項填空題題干中某些句子或短語會為選擇答案提供必要信息，它對選擇正確答案起著決定性的作用，我們稱這些句子或短語為“有效信息”。2．利用“英漢語言差異”解題近年來，日常交際用語仍然是單項填空題考查的重點之一。而且，這種題在許多情況下是以英漢兩種語言表達習慣的不同來命題的。解答這類題時，切記要摒棄中文思維。3．利用“語法分析法”解題單項填空題常考的語法項目有：時態和語態、非謂語動詞、句式結構等。這類題許多情況下是放在一定的語言環境中來進行考查的。如果我們能結合試題的語言環境，并運用語法分析法，就會使很多難題迎刃而解。4．利用“標點提示”解題標點符號雖小，但可以提供很多信息。例如：疑問句之后要用問號；感嘆句之后要用感嘆號；句中有逗號，可提示此處有可能為非限制性定語從句，也有可能為非謂語動詞作狀語等等。所以，由標點符號人手，我們可以確定做單項填空題的解題思路，從而既快捷又準確地獲得答案。112—3考點知識精講（一）語境分析法做這類題時，應注意充分了解上下文的句子結構；結合選項，分析句子的主干部分，采用此法，要注意語法和語境兩個方面。例：Wefirstmetonatrainin2000.Webothfeltimmediatelythatweeachotherforyears.A.knew B.haveknownC.hadknown D.know【答案與解析】Ｃ此題考查動詞的時態。根據題干所提供的信息，首先弄清說話談論過去的事情，因此用過去時，排除Ｂ、Ｄ兩項，然后考慮動詞know發生在felt之前，即過去完成時。（二）語境交際法情景交際類試題，一定會有具體的語境。只要把語境分析清楚，就不難選出正確答案。此類題型一是要注意中西方文化的差異，二是要注意對話的語境與相應的作答，三是要注意對話所處的場合、環境及所屬類型，四是注意相關句式在交際中的作用及上下文的內在聯系。例：－Sorry,Imadeamistakeagain.－.Practicemoreandyou'llsucceed.[2008全國Ⅰ]A.Nevermind B.CertainlynotC.Notatall D.Don'tmentionit【答案與解析】ＡCertainlynot常用來回答別人問是否介意的問題；Notatall和Don'tmentionit用于別從致謝時的答語。只有Nevermind符合語境。句意“對不起，我又出錯了。”“沒關系，多練習，你就會成功的。”這里考查別人致歉時如何安慰對方。（三）關鍵詞語法顧名思義，這種方法就是找出題干中的關鍵詞語和句子成分，聯系選項的意思，從而做出正確的選擇。例：－DidyoureturnFred'scall?－Ididn'tneedtoI'llseehimtomorrow.A.though B.unlessC.when D.because【答案與解析】Ｄ本題考查連詞的用法。題干中答語意為“我不需要回電話，因為我明天就會見到他”，這里的關鍵詞是didn'tneed,可以推斷應該選擇一個表示原因的連詞。（四）分析比較法對所給試題的語法知識和語境進行比較分析，弄清楚題干的真正意思，然后聯系上下文，進行結構分析并作出正確的判斷。例：EinsteinlikedBose'spapersomuchthathehisownworkandtranslateditintoGerman.文章的標題實際上是對文章大意最簡潔的慨括，標題與文章大意息息相關。給文章加一個適當的標題，首先要把握好文章的大意。不能把文章某一段的大意看作是整篇文章的大意，更不能把文章的細節看成是文章的大意，從而給文章加上一個觀點片面的標題。其次，給文章加一個合適的標題還應抓住文章的主題句。因為文章的大意和文章的主題句總是一脈相承的。主題句通常在文章的開頭，也有的在中間或結尾。抓住了主題句就抓住了文章的靈魂。再次，給文章加標題應注意文章的體裁及寫作目的。敘事類的文章是為了記敘～件事，一個人物，表達作者的某種感情，所加標題應體現敘事類文章的特點；說明文是為了說明一個事物或過程，標題應體現說明文的特點。另外．對于一些幽默類的文章．應挖掘其深層含義，給文章加一個合適的標題．體現出文章幽默的特點。考題1ItwasverydifficulttofindjobsinthenortheastofEngland,andwhenJohnlosthisjob,hefounditimpossibletogetanewone.Hehadsoonspentallhismoney,"sohedecidedtogodowntothesouthofthecountry,wherehehadheardthatthingswerebetterandthatitwaseasiertofindajob.Thebestwaytogotherewasbytrain,sohewenttotherail-waystationandgotintoatrainwhichwasgoingtoLondon.Hewastheonlypassengerinhiscompartment(車廂)whenanothermancameincarryingagunandsaidtohim,"Yourmoneyoryourlife!""Ihaven'tapenny."Johnansweredinfear."Whyareyoutremblingsomuch?"themanwithgunaskedangrily."BecauseIthoughtyouweretheticketcollectorandIhaven'tevengotaticket,"answeredJohn.ThebesttitleisA.JohnwasRobbedB.Robberwith'GunC.PoorJohnD.MoneyandLife考題2NewYorkcanbeaverydangerouscityespeciallyatnight.Manypeopledonotgooutaloneintothestreetsafterdark.Thisproblemisevenworseforwomen.OneNewYorkerfoundanunusualanswertotheprob-lem,Asasinger,shehastodrivealonetotheclublateatnight.Thenshehastodrivehomeaftertheshow.Thesingerneedsa"friend",soshehasgotherselfBob--aballoonthatlookslikeaman.Itsitsinthepassengerseatofhercarwhileshedrivesatnight.Peopleinthestreetthinkthewomandriverhasamanwithherandshefeelssafe.ThebesttitleisA.ADangerousCityB.AWomanSingerC.AWomanDriverD.ABalloonBoyfriend考題1點撥：答案為c。這篇文章選PoorJohn這一標題恰如其分。PoorJohn這個標題有兩個方面的含義。一是John失業了．身無分文，經濟拮據，實在很窮；二是就是這么一個身無分文的John競遭遇搶劫。讓人感到可憐。考題2點撥：答案為D。“氣球男友”這一標題突出了文章主題，又有幽默感。總結提示：給文章加標題應注意文章標題本身的句法特征：一是簡練，多數文章的標題言簡意賅，而且引人注目；二是多用省略后的非句子形式。單項選擇1. IadviseyoutostayawayfromMaria.Althoughsheisusuallyeasy-going,she________quiteannoyingsometimes. A.can B.may C.must D.should2. Recognizedas________worldculturalheritagebytheUnitedNationsin2002,papercuttingis________practicewhichoriginatedinancientChina. A.the;a B.a;a C.the;the D.a;the3. Althoughchattingonlinehasexplodedinpopularityinrecentyears,thereisno________foraface-to-faceconversation. A.privilege B.affection C.substitute D.adjustment4. Howoldyougrowisafactorthatyoucaninfluence,________thatisdeterminedbyyourlifestyle.A.what B.one C.something D.anything5. TheNobelPrizesaretobegiventothepeopleorinstitutionswhohaveachievedthemost,________whichcountrytheyarefrom. A.inspiteof B.intermsof C.intheformof D.regardlessof6. Astudyofancientwritingsandevidence________thatforthepast5,000years,catshavebeenkeptaspets. A.show B.shows C.showed D.hadshowed7. Aftergraduation,Hawkingwentontodosomeofthemostimportantscientificresearchever________. A.carryingout B.carriedout C.tobecarriedout D.wascarriedout8. The________possibilityofeveryonehavingahomecomputerwhichwilldoeverythingforyouisunderdiscussion. A.absolute B.permanent C.practical D.adequate9. Someoftheoldbeliefspasseddownfromonegenerationtoanother________thepresentthinking. A.agreewith B.dealwith C.putupwith D.comeupwith10. Hefoundit_____difficulttoread,forhiseyesightwasbeginningtofail. A.frequently B.merely C.eventually D.increasingly11. Thenationwideemergencealertsystemwillbe________inthenearfuture. A.onpurpose B.inplace C.onsale D.incharge12. Atfirstherefusedtoadmithisguilt,butwhenhewasshowntheevidencehe________andconfessed. A.brokedown B.brokeout C.brokein D.brokeup13. Oneadvantageoflivinginahighriseisthatyoucangetagood________ofthecity. A.sight B.scene C.view D.look14. Inourdailylife,weoftencomeacrossoccasions________wehavetotellwhiteliestoavoidhurtingothers. A.that B.which C.when D.where15. Thoughshesaidshewasnotlonely,shewantedtofindafriend________herhappinessandsorrow. A.withwhomtoshare B.whomtoshare C.tosharewith D.whotosharewith參考答案15ABCBD610BBCAD1115BACCA16．Goodevening,Mr.Green.I’msorrytobotheryou.Butit’sfourthofDecember.Oh,MrsBaxter,rent!I’msorryit’slate.I’llwriteyoucheckrightnow. A．the,the B．the,the,a C．the,a,a D．a,the,a17．theproblemoflanderosiongettingmoreserious,thelocalgovernmentissearchingforawaytodealwithit. A．As B．With C．When D．If18．Thewayhediditwasdifferentwewereusedto. A．inwhich B．inwhat C．fromwhat D．fromwhich19．MummysuggestionwhileDadspokemyidea. A．turnedoff,infavorof B．turneddown,infavorof C．turneddown,inneedof D．turnedon,inhopeof20．thegreenvalley,wethoughtwehadreachedtheland. A．Seeing,promised B．Seeing,promising C．Seen,promising D．Seen,promised21．Hekeptalittlenotebook,inwhichthenamesandaddressesofhisfriends. A．wrote B．writing C．waswritten D．werewritten22．Flight321.I’dbetterbeonmyway.Bye.Bye,Happylanding! A．wasannounced B．isbeingannounced C．hadannounced D．isannounced23．Sometimeswejustbelievewhatwesee,therealitymaybedifferent. A．eventhough B．asif C．since D．unless24．Theywereprettypoorbutmostoftheirfriendswereeven. A．richer B．badlyoff C．worseoff D．welloff25．Whatdoyouthinkofteaching,Bob?Ifinditandchallenging.Itisajobyouaredoingsomethingseriousb