2021-2022學年上期期末考試高二英語試題卷本試卷分四部分，考試時間120分鐘，滿分150分。考生應首先閱讀答題卡上的文字信息，然后在答題卡上作答，在試題卷上作答無效。第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whereisthewomangoing?A.Thetrainstation.B.TheNationalMuseum.C.PekingUniversity.2.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Eattheapple.B.Throwtheappleaway.C.Planttheappleseeds.3.Whydoesn’tthemaneathiscake?A.Hewantstosaveit.B.Hehasatoothache.C.Hedislikeschocolate.4.What’stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Hostandguest.B.Waiterandcustomer.C.Salesmanandcustomer.5.Howmuchwillthewomanpayfortheheadphones?A.$70.B.$80.C.$100.第二節（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.HowwillthewomangototheMainStation?A.Bytrain.B.Bybike.C.Bycar.7.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.Atabookshop.B.Attheticketoffice.C.Atthewoman’shome.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Howisthewomantryingtoloseweightnow?A.Byeatingeveryotherday.B.Bydrinkingplentyofwater.C.Byeatingorange-coloredfoods.9.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’sdiets?A.Balanced.B.Ridiculous.C.Effective聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.What’stheproblemwiththewoman’swatch?A.Itneedscleaning.B.Itisruinedbywater.C.Itneedsanewbattery.11.Whatdoestheshopofferifthewomanchangesabatterythere?A.Afreebattery.B.One-yearguarantee.C.Freecleaningservice.12.Whycan’tthewomanhaveherwatchrepairedrightaway?A.Themancan’tfixitatthemoment.B.Thewomandoesn’thaveenoughmoneyonher.C.Thereisnorightbatteryintheshopnow.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplaceprobably?A.Inacompany.B.Inashoppingmall.C.Inacinema.14.HowdidPaulfeelwhenseeingDeborah?A.Puzzled.B.Embarrassed.C.Excited.15.WhyisDeborahinManchester?A.Sheisworkingthere.B.Sheistravellingthere.C.Sheisattendingameeting.16.WhatisDeborahgoingtodonext?A.Havedinner.B.Seeamovie.C.Buyanewskirt.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhereisStonehengelocated?A.InEgypt.B.InChina.C.InEngland.18.WhendidStonehengestarttobebuilt?AIn4000BC.B.Between3000and2000BC.C.In1600BC.19.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutStonehenge?A.Itwasbuiltinstages.B.It’stheoldestconstructionintheworld.C.Thesupportingstonesare2.29meterstall.20.WhatdomostscientiststhinkaboutStonehenge?A.It’saroyalpalace.B.It’sareligioussite.C.It’saburialground.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節，滿分40分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AMostFamousPaintingsintheWorldAmongthemillionsofpaintingsthatarecreatedandshowningalleriesandmuseumsallaroundtheworld,averysmallnumbergobeyondtimeandmakehistory.Belowaresomeexamples.ThePersistenceofMemory—SalvadorDali.Paintedin1931,ThePersistenceofMemoryisoneofthemostsplendidpiecesinarthistory.Thisworkisknowntomakepeoplereflectontheirwayoflifeandthewaytheyspendtheirtime,anditisalsothoughtthatAlbertEinstein’sfamousTheoryofRelativitygaveDalitheideaforthiswonderfulpainting.GirlwithaPearlEarring—JohannesVermeer.Consideredbymanytobe“theDutchMonaLisa”,thisbeautifulpaintingfeaturesanunnamedyoungwomanlookingoverhershouldertostaredirectlyattheviewer.Itwascompletedin1665andisexhibitedintheMauritshuisinTheHague,theNetherlands.Guernica—PabloPicasso.ThefamouspaintingbyPicassowascompletedin1937.ItwaspaintedinParisfollowingthebombingofGuernicaduringtheSpanishCivilWar.ThepaintingisonpermanentdisplayintheMuseoReinaSofia,Madrid,Spain.StarryNight—VincentvanGogh.Paintedin1889,StarryNightisoneofthemostfamouspaintingsinmodernculture,whichispartofthepermanentcollectionoftheMuseumofModernArtinNewYork.ItisbasedonvanGogh’sdirectobservationsaswellashisimagination,memories,andemotionsandwastheinspirationforthesongVincent(alsoknownasStarry,StarryNight).1.WhatdoweknowaboutThePersistenceofMemory?A.Itwasfinishedinthelate1930s.B.Itcentersonthepainter’slifestyle.C.Itisthemostbrilliantinarthistory.D.Itmaybeinspiredbyawell-knowntheory.2.Whichpaintingisbasedonatruestory?A.Guernica. B.StarryNight.C.GirlwithaPearlEarring. D.ThePersistenceofMemory.3.Whatdothefourpaintingshaveincommon?A.Theysharethesimilartheme.B.Theyenjoyagoodreputation.C.Theyareonpermanentdisplay.D.Theyarecreatedfromthepainter’spersonalexperience.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四幅世界名畫的相關信息。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據ThePersistenceofMemory中的“Thisworkisknowntomakepeoplereflectontheirwayoflifeandthewaytheyspendtheirtime,anditisalsothoughtthatAlbertEinstein’sfamousTheoryofRelativitygaveDalitheideaforthiswonderfulpainting.(這幅作品被認為是讓人們反思他們的生活方式和他們度過時間的方式，也被認為是阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦著名的“相對論”給了達利創作這幅美妙畫作的靈感。)”可知，有人認為這幅畫的靈感來自于愛因斯坦著名理論“相對論”的啟發。故選D。【2題詳解】細節理解題。對比四幅畫的相關介紹，尤其是Guernica中的“ItwaspaintedinParisfollowingthebombingofGuernicaduringtheSpanishCivilWar.(這幅畫是在西班牙內戰期間格爾尼卡爆炸后在巴黎畫的。)”可知，這幅畫是以真實事件為創作背景的。故選A。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段“Amongthemillionsofpaintingsthatarecreatedandshowningalleriesandmuseumsallaroundtheworld,averysmallnumbergobeyondtimeandmakehistory.Belowaresomeexamples.(在世界各地的畫廊和博物館創作和展出的數百萬幅畫作中，只有一小部分超越了時間，創造了歷史。下面是一些例子。)”和下文信息可知，這些畫都超越時間，創造了歷史。由此可推斷，這些畫享有良好的聲譽。故選B。BRobertLouisStevensonwasborninEdinburgh,Scotlandin1850.Stevensonlikedtoregardhischildhoodasagoldenage;inrealityitwasalso,ashelateradmitted,fullofunpleasantdreams,sleeplessnessandfeverishcolds,whichresultedfromalungcondition.InSeptember1857,StevensonwenttoMrHenderson’sSchool,butbecauseofphysicalweaknesshestayedonlyafewweeksanddidn’treturnuntilOctober1859.InOctober1864,hewassenttoRobertThomson’sprivateschool.StevensonbecameastudentattheUniversityofEdinburghfromNovember1867andunwillinglypreparedhimselffortheengineeringprofession.InApril1871,hetoldhisfatherhecaredfornothingbutliterature.Hisfatherwasnaturallydisappointed,andtheyfinallyreachedanagreementthathissonshouldreadlawfirst.Infact,Stevensonpublishedahistoricalessayin1866athisfather’sexpense.Allthroughhisuniversityyears,whenhewaslookeduponasalazystudentignoringhisformaleducation,Stevensonwasinfactreadingwidelyandconscientiously(勤勉認真地).Helearnedhowtowritebydescribingwhathesawand,aboveall,bylettinghimselfwriteinthesamewayasotherauthorsdid.Inthisway,helearnedfromawiderangeofauthors.AturningpointinStevenson’slifecameinthesummerof1873whenhemetProfessorSidneyColvinandhisfriendMrsFrancesSitwellwhorecognizedhispotentialanddidalltheycouldtosupporthim.ColvinbecameStevenson’sliteraryadviserandclosestfriend.In1875,hebecamealawyer,buthesoongaveuptheprofessionanddevotedhimselftoliterarywork.UnderColvin’sinfluence,Stevenson’sessaysbegantoappearinmagazines.From1876,hebegantowriteaseriesofessayscontaininglight-heartedobservationsonlife,andtheybecameverypopular.4.WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph1and2?A.Hewasinpoorhealthasachild.B.Heunfortunatelydevelopedlungcancer.C.Hequitschoolowingtohispoorgrades.D.Helearnedengineeringwithgreatenthusiasm.5.WhatdidStevenson’sfatherdoinresponsetohisloveforliterature?A.Hesimplyignoredit.B.Hefirmlyopposedit.C.Hedeeplydoubtedit.D.Heconditionallysupportedit.6.HowdidStevensonmainlyimprovehiswritingskills?A.Byreadingwidely.B.Bypracticingregularly.C.Bycopyingothers’styles.D.Bygivingdescriptionsofthings.7.WhichcontributedmosttoStevenson’ssuccessinliterature?A.Hisgreatpassionforliterature.B.ThehelpfromColvinandSitwell.C.Hiscarefulobservationsonlife.D.Hisconstantwritingformagazines.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了作家史蒂文森的成長經歷。【4題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段“inrealityitwasalso,ashelateradmitted,fullofunpleasantdreams,sleeplessnessandfeverishcolds,whichresultedfromalungcondition.(事實上，正如他后來承認的那樣，那里充滿了不愉快的夢、失眠和由肺部疾病引起的發燒感冒。)”和第二段“InSeptember1857,StevensonwenttoMrHenderson’sSchool,butbecauseofphysicalweaknesshestayedonlyafewweeksanddidn’treturnuntilOctober1859.(1857年9月，史蒂文森去了亨德森先生的學校，但由于身體虛弱，他只呆了幾個星期，直到1859年10月才回來。)”可知，史蒂文森小時候身體不好。故選A。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段“InApril1871,hetoldhisfatherhecaredfornothingbutliterature.Hisfatherwasnaturallydisappointed,andtheyfinallyreachedanagreementthathissonshouldreadlawfirst.(1871年4月，他告訴父親，他只喜歡文學。他的父親自然很失望，他們最終達成協議，兒子應該先讀法律。)”可推斷，史蒂文森的父親有條件地支持他對文學的熱愛。故選D。【6題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段“Allthroughhisuniversityyears,whenhewaslookeduponasalazystudentignoringhisformaleducation,Stevensonwasinfactreadingwidelyandconscientiously(勤勉認真地).Helearnedhowtowritebydescribingwhathesawand,aboveall,bylettinghimselfwriteinthesamewayasotherauthorsdid.Inthisway,helearnedfromawiderangeofauthors.(在整個大學時代，史蒂文森被認為是一個懶惰的學生，忽視了他的正規教育，事實上，他廣泛而認真地閱讀。他學會了如何通過描述他所看到的東西來寫作，最重要的是，他讓自己像其他作家那樣寫作。通過這種方式，他向許多作家學習。)”可知，史蒂文森通過模仿別人的風格來提高他的寫作技巧的。故選C。【7題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段“AturningpointinStevenson’slifecameinthesummerof1873whenhemetProfessorSidneyColvinandhisfriendMrsFrancesSitwell,whorecognizedhispotentialanddidalltheycouldtosupporthim.(1873年夏天，史蒂文森遇到了西德尼·科爾文教授和他的朋友弗朗西絲·西特韋爾夫人，兩人認識到他的潛力，并盡其所能支持他，這是史蒂文森人生的轉折點。)”可知，史蒂文森在文學上的成功主要歸功于科爾文和西特韋爾的幫助。故選B。CThefutureofthecityishere.SidewalkLabs,acompanyownedbyAlphabet,wonacompetitiontodesignaneighborhoodbyLakeOntario.Thecompetitionwasheldasawaytoimprovethebuildings,publicspaces,andtransportation.Intotal,theplanningphaseshouldlastoneyear.ThecityofTorontohaspromised$1.25billionforroads,sidewalks,electricity,water,andsoon.SidewalkLabshasalreadyput$50millionintotheproject.Doctoroffsaysheisnotworriedaboutmoney—profitcanbemadefromthetechnologyanddevelopment.CanadianPrimeMinisterJustinTrudeaualsosaystheprojectwillbringwell-payingjobs.Theneighborhoodhasalreadybeengiventhename“Quayside”.Itwillincludevariousscientifictechnologiesconnectedwithenvironmentalimprovementsuchasheatedsidewalk,bikepathstomeltsnow,self-drivingbuses,shared-ridetaxirobotsandnarrowerstreetswithfewercarsandmoreroomforpublicspaceslikeparks.Therewillalsobeenergysystems,changeabletrafficlights,andcontinuousimprovementthroughcollectingandanalyzingdatafromsensors(傳感器)formonitoringtrafficflow,noiselevels,airquality,energyusage,travelpatterns,andwasteoutput.Asforconstruction,thebuildingswillbemadeofplasticinsteadofwoodorsteel,tomakethemmoreaffordableandeasiertochange.Undergroundpassageswillbeusedfortrashcollection,packagedelivery,andmaintenance(維護).Thereare,ofcourse,manyconcernsabouttheproject.Oneconcernisthatmakinganexpensive,hi-techneighborhoodwon’thelpwithahousingcrisisinToronto.ItisimportantforQuaysidetobeaccessibletotheelderly,thedisabled,andpeopleofdiverseracesandincomelevels.Anotherconcernisaboutdatacollectionandresidents’privacy.Inresponse,DoctoroffsaysthedatacollectionwillonlybeusedtoimprovethequalityoflifeinQuayside,privacytobebuiltintoeveryaspectoftheneighborhood.Newandunique,thefuturisticneighborhoodwillnodoubthavemanyissues.Inspiteofthese,itwillbeinterestingtoseeitsevolution.8.WhatdoesParagraph2talkabout?A.ThefaithinbuildingQuayside.B.TheconcernsofbuildingQuayside.C.ThedifficultyinbuildingQuayside.D.TheexpenseofbuildingQuayside.9.What’sthefeatureofthetechnologiesinQuayside?A.Old-fashioned. B.Environmentally-friendly.C.Energy-consuming. D.Cost-effective.10.Whydoestheauthormentionalltheconcerns?A.Toquestionthepossibilityoftheproject.B.Totrytofindasolutiontotheproblems.C.Toshowpeople’sdisapprovaloftheproject.D.Tomakepeopleawareofthepotentialshortcomings.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoQuayside?A.Skeptical. B.Neutral. C.Positive. D.Unfavorable.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹SidewalkLabs將在加拿大安大略湖旁建設一個叫作Quayside的地區。Quayside將包含高科技和環保設計，從而改善該區域的住房，公共區域和交通情況。【8題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第二段“ThecityofTorontohaspromised$1.25billionforroads,sidewalks,electricity,water,andsoon.SidewalkLabshasalreadyput$50millionintotheproject.Doctoroffsaysheisnotworriedaboutmoney—profitcanbemadefromthetechnologyanddevelopment.CanadianPrimeMinisterJustinTrudeaualsosaystheprojectwillbringwell-payingjobs.(多倫多市承諾為道路、人行道、電力、水等項目投入12.5億美元。SidewalkLabs已經為該項目投入了5000萬美元。多克托羅夫說，他不擔心錢——利潤可以從技術和開發中獲得。加拿大總理特魯多也表示，該項目將帶來高薪工作。)”可知，本段主要講建造Quayside的信念。故選A。【9題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段“Itwillincludevariousscientifictechnologiesconnectedwithenvironmentalimprovementsuchasheatedsidewalk,bikepathstomeltsnow,self-drivingbuses,shared-ridetaxirobotsandnarrowerstreetswithfewercarsandmoreroomforpublicspaceslikeparks.Therewillalsobeenergysystems,changeabletrafficlights,andcontinuousimprovementthroughcollectingandanalyzingdatafromsensors(傳感器)formonitoringtrafficflow,noiselevels,airquality,energyusage,travelpatterns,andwasteoutput.(它將包括各種與環境改善有關的科學技術，如加熱人行道、用于融雪的自行車道、自動駕駛公交車、共享出租車機器人，以及車輛減少、用于公園等公共空間的更窄街道。能源系統、多變的交通信號燈，以及通過收集和分析傳感器數據來監測交通流量、噪音水平、空氣質量、能源使用、出行模式和廢物輸出的持續改進。)”可知，Quayside的技術特點是環保。故選B。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第五段“Oneconcernisthatmakinganexpensive,hi-techneighborhoodwon’thelpwithahousingcrisisinToronto.(一個令人擔憂的問題是，建造一個昂貴的高科技社區無助于解決多倫多的住房危機。)”和第六段“Anotherconcernisaboutdatacollectionandresidents’privacy.(另一個問題是數據收集和居民隱私。)”可推斷，作者提到所有這些問題是讓人們意識到潛在的缺點。故選D。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第五段“ItisimportantforQuaysidetobeaccessibletotheelderly,thedisabled,andpeopleofdiverseracesandincomelevels.(對于老年人、殘疾人、不同種族和收入水平的人來說，Quayside是很重要的。)”和最后一段“Newandunique,thefuturisticneighborhoodwillnodoubthavemanyissues.Inspiteofthese,itwillbeinterestingtoseeitsevolution.(新而獨特的未來社區無疑會有很多問題。盡管如此，觀察它的演變還是很有趣的。)”可推斷，作者對Quayside的態度是積極的。故選C。DDuringtheannualpoliticalmeetings,environmentalprotectionwasdefinitelyamongthebiggestconcerns.Actually,itwasalsoanissuethatancientChinesepaidgreatattentionto.Infact,theworld’searliestenvironmentalprotectionconcept,ministryandlawswereallborninChina.So,whatdidtheancientChinesedotoprotecttheenvironment?InearlyancientChina,environmentalprotectionwaspromotedtothepoliticallevel.Xunzi,afamousthinkerinWarringStatesPeriod,broughtuptheconceptof“managingstateaffairsthroughenvironmentalprotection”.Hestatedinhisbookthatvegetations(植被)shouldnotbedamagedatwill.GuanZhong,anofficial400yearsaheadofXunzi,wasalsoanenvironmentalprotectionexpert.Duringhistermofoffice,heclaimedthat“aKingwhocannotprotecthisvegetationsisnotqualifiedtobeaking”.AccordingtoarecordinQingdynasty,theenvironmentalprotectionministryinearlyancientChinawascalled“Yu”,standingbothfortheinstitutionandtheofficialtitle.Althoughmostfunctionsweresimilartosuchministriestoday,theadministrationrangeofitwasmuchlarger,includingthemountains,forests,rivers,lakesandsoon.ThenineministriesestablishedbyShun,anancientChineseking,alreadyincluded“Yu”,theenvironmentalprotectionministry.Thefirst“Yu”officialwasamancalledBoyi,whowasindeedanenvironmentalprotectionexpert.HewasacapableassistanttoDayu,anancientChinesewater-controlexpert.Heinventedwells,protectingpeople’sdrinkingwaterfrompollution.Heknewalotaboutanimalsandalsocalledforanimalprotection.EnvironmentalprotectionlawsdatedbacktotherulingperiodofDayu,whichwasmorethan4,000yearsago.Duringhisrule,heissuedaban,forbiddingpeopletocutdownwoodinMarchorcatchfishinJune,thetimewhentheyweresupposedtoboom.InSpringandAutumnandWarringStatesPeriodalmost3,000yearsago,“environmentalprotectionlaws”appearedinitstruesenseinQin,whichwasrecordedinLawofFieldsandregardedasChina’searliest“environmentalprotectionlaws”.12.WhichstatementwouldXunziprobablyagreewith?A.Vegetationsshouldn’tbedamagedatall.B.Muchattentionshouldbepaidtopeople’sdrinkingwater.C.Thekingwhofailedtoprotecttheenvironmentshouldberemoved.D.Rulingacountryandenvironmentalprotectionshouldbecombined.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?A.TheQingdynasty. B.TheministryofYu.C.Theofficialtitle. D.Themodernministry.14.Whycouldn’tfishbecaughtinJuneduringDayu’srule?A.Fishdidn’ttastedeliciousinJune.B.ItwastoohottocatchfishinJune.C.FishhadaperiodofrapidgrowthinJune.D.Fish-catchingtimehadalreadypassedinJune.15.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowtheChineseProtecttheEnvironmentB.FamousEnvironmentalProtectionExpertsinAncientChinaC.ThreeAspectsofEnvironmentalProtectioninAncientChinaD.MeasuresoftheWorld’sEarliestEnvironmentalProtection【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國古代對環保的重視以及各朝代政府設立環境保護部門來保護環境。【12題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Xunzi,afamousthinkerinWarringStatesPeriod,broughtuptheconceptofmanagingstateaffairsthroughenvironmentalprotection.Hestatedinhisbookthatvegetation(植被)shouldnotbedamagedatwill.(荀子是戰國時期著名的思想家，他提出了通過環境保護來管理國家事務的概念。他在書中指出，植被不應被隨意破壞。)”可知，荀子認為治國應與環保相結合，植被不應被隨意破壞。故選D。【13題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據第三段“AccordingtoarecordinQingdynasty,theenvironmentalprotectionministryinearlyancientChinawascalled“Yu”,standingbothfortheinstitutionandtheofficialtitle.Althoughmostfunctionsweresimilartosuchministriestoday,theadministrationrangeofitwasmuchlarger,includingthemountains,forests,rivers,lakesandsoon.(據清代記載，中國古代早期的環保部稱為“虞”，既代表機構，也代表官銜。雖然大多數職能類似于今天的部門，但其管理范圍要大得多，包括山區、森林、河流、湖泊等。)”可知，it指代上文被稱為“虞”的環保部（TheministryofYu）。故選B。【14題詳解】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“Duringhisrule,heissuedaban,forbiddingpeopletocutdownwoodinMarchorcatchfishinJune,thetimewhentheyweresupposedtoboom.(在他執政期間，他頒布了一項禁令，禁止人們在3月份砍伐樹木，或在6月份捕魚，6月份正是魚類要發育的時候)”可知，大禹規定六月不能捕魚是因為六月是魚類快速生長的一段時期。故選C。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第一段中的“Infact,theworld’searliestenvironmentalprotectionconcept,ministryandlawswereallborninChina.So,whatdidtheancientChinesedotoprotecttheenvironment?(事實上，世界上最早的環保理念、部門和法律都誕生于中國。那么，古代中國人是如何保護環境的呢？)”和下文內容可知，文章介紹了中國古代對環保理念的重視以及各朝代政府設立環境保護部門和法律來保護環境。所以C項“ThreeAspectsofEnvironmentalProtectioninAncientChina(中國古代環境保護的三個方面)”符合文意。故選C。第二節（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Readingpoetrycanbechallenging,butlearninghowtocarefullymovethroughapoemisalsoveryrewarding.____16____However,byfollowingthetipsbelow,anyonecanhavethedeeplyrewardingexperienceofconnectingtoagreatpoem.Feelvarioussounds.Poetryismadetobeheard.You’reprobablyfamiliarwithrhymingpoemsbuttherearemanysoundelementsthatpoetsusenotonlytomakethepoemsoundbeautiful,buttoenhancethemeaningorintentionofapoem.____17____Whatdoyounoticeabouthowitsounds?Howdoesthesoundenhanceanoveralltheme,mood,ormessage?____18____Manypoemsmayusewordsorreferenceplacesortimesinhistorythatmaybeunfamiliartoyou.Becuriousenoughtolookupallthewordsandreferencesbyvariousmeans.Youshouldalsogatherinformationaboutthepoetandhislifebackground.Allofthesecanofferessentialcontexttobringthepoemtolife.Analyzethefigurative(比喻的)languageinthepoem.Figurativelanguagecouldbewordsthatarerepeatedofteninthepoemorwordsthatrhymeineachstanza(節).Togetmoreintothefigurativemeaningofthepoem,youshouldlookathowthepoetusesliterarymethodslikemetaphor(隱喻),simile,andimagery.____19____Finally,youdon’thavetofullyunderstandit.Ifyoulikethewayapoemsoundswhenyoureaditaloud,butdon’tknowwhatit“means”,that’sOK!____20____Thegreatthingaboutartisthatitcanhavelotsofdifferentmeaningsorseeminglynomeaningatallandcansillbeenjoyed.Thesamegoesforpoetry.A.Consultthedictionary.B.Curiositykillstheconfusion.C.Theyareoftenusedtoadddeepermeaningtothepoem.D.Maybeitmakessenseinawaythatyoucan’tnecessarilyexpress.E.Onceyoufindapoemthatinterestsyou,readitoutloudseveraltimes.F.Youshouldalsopayattentiontohowthepoetopensandclosesthepoem.G.Unlikepaintingandmusic,poetryrequiresmuchextraefforttoharvestitsfulleffects.【答案】16.G17.E18.B19.C20.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要講述了如何體驗閱讀詩歌帶來的好處。【16題詳解】上文“Readingpoetrycanbechallenging,butlearninghowtocarefullymovethroughapoemisalsoveryrewarding.(閱讀詩歌是一種挑戰，但學習如何仔細閱讀詩歌也是非常有益的。)”以及下文“However,byfollowingthetipsbelow,anyonecanhavethedeeplyrewardingexperienceofconnectingtoagreatpoem.(然而，按照下面的提示，任何人都可以擁有與一首偉大詩歌聯系在一起的深刻體驗。)”說明閱讀詩歌是一種挑戰，要體會到詩歌的益處是需要一些技巧的，由However可知，空處和下文是轉折關系，G項“與繪畫和音樂不同，詩歌需要額外的努力才能獲得它的全部效果。”符合，承接上文，也和下文構成轉折關系，雖然需要努力才能獲得詩歌的益處，但是也有一些技巧幫你閱讀詩歌，讓你獲得詩歌的益處。故選G。【17題詳解】上文“Poetryismadetobeheard.(詩歌就是為了被人聽見而創作的。)”以及下文“Whatdoyounoticeabouthowitsounds?Howdoesthesoundenhanceanoveralltheme,mood,ormessage?(你注意到它聽起來怎么樣了嗎?聲音是如何增強整個主題、情緒或信息的？)”說明朗讀詩歌的聲音會使人注意到它聽起來怎么樣，E項“一旦你發現一首你感興趣的詩，大聲讀幾遍。”承上啟下，符合題意。故選E。【18題詳解】下文“Becuriousenoughtolookupallthewordsandreferencesthatyou’reunfamiliarwith.(有足夠的好奇心去查閱所有你不熟悉的單詞和參考資料。)”說明在閱讀詩歌時，要有足夠的好奇心，去查閱不熟悉的單詞和參考資料，B項“好奇心消除困惑。”可以作為本段中心句，符合題意。故選B。19題詳解】上文“Togetmoreintothefigurativemeaningofthepoem,youshouldlookathowthepoetuseliterarydeviceslikemetaphor,simile,andimagery.(為了進一步了解這首詩的比喻意義，你應該看看詩人如何運用文學手法，比如隱喻，明喻和意象。)”說明詩人運用文學手法，進一步增加詩歌的比喻意義，C項中they指代上文中的文學手法，C項“它們經常被用來為詩歌增添更深層的意義。”承接上文，符合題意。故選C。【20題詳解】上文“Ifyoulikethewayapoemsoundswhenyoureaditaloud,butdon’tknowwhatit“means”,that’sOK!(如果你喜歡大聲朗讀一首詩的聲音，但不知道它的“意思”是什么，那沒關系！)”指出，即使你不知道詩歌的意思也是沒關系的，空處應該承接上文，對上文作出解釋，D項“也許它在一種你不能表達的方式上是有意義的。”符合，承接上文。故選D。第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節，滿分45分）第一節（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ThoughArmeniaisn’texactlyreadyforgroupsofforeignhikers(遠足者),thecountryrewardsthosewhomaketheeffort.Whenmysonrecentlyfinishedgraduateschool,Iseizedthe____21____tospendaweek____22____withhiminmyownfather’shomeland.Notlongago,nooutsiderwouldhaveconsideredsucha____23____throughtheSovietRepublic.Butwe____24____thepathswithhikersfromAustralia,Canada,EnglandandFrance,____25____welefthopingtoreturn.Armeniaisn’tforevery____26____.Youoftenwillnotfindmarkedtrailheads,andifyoufindamap,itwill____27____bewritteninArmenian—whichdoesn’t____28____theLatinalphabet.Wecouldn’tfindaguideuntilwearrivedinthecountry,andthenwehadto____29____.AfterspendingadayinArmenia’scapital,Yerevan,wevisitedtheDilijanNationalPark.Intheforestednationalpark,we____30____theruinsofa1,000-year-oldmonastery(修道院)____31____inamountaintopclearing.That____32____meofthepeoplewhohikedtothesiteto____33____whenitwasbuilt.Itseemedsuchaverydifferent____34____fromdrivingtoachurchparkinglotthesedays.MarcandIneverdidreachthepeakofAragats,Armenia’s____35____mountain.Thatwouldhave____36____theclimberstocover6,000feetinoneday.Andwhenastorm____37____，wesettledonthemountain’ssecondarypeak.____38____so,weweren’tdisappointed.Amountaindoesn’talways____39____toaclimber’sfirstattempt,andacountrydoesn’treveal(展示)allitstreasuresinaweek.Ouradventure,weknow,had“onlyscratchedthe____40____”21.A.control B.power C.opportunity D.initiative22.A.attempting B.arranging C.guiding D.hiking23.A.chance B.trip C.job D.moment24.A.crossed B.made C.blocked D.searched25.A.so B.or C.but D.and26.A.cyclist B.adventurer C.climber D.foreigner27.A.strictly B.hardly C.probably D.mainly28.A.use B.take C.adapt D.master29.A.assess B.analyse C.investigate D.enquire30.A.cameup B.cameacross C.cameover D.cameabout31.A.waiting B.sleeping C.sitting D.waving32.A.cured B.convinced C.warned D.reminded33.A.pray B.live C.study D.investigate34.A.life B.experience C.account D.custom35.A.steepest B.highest C.shortest D.largest36.A.forced B.enabled C.caused D.required37.A.threatened B.promised C.passed D.signaled38.A.Quite B.Yet C.Even D.Still39.A.giveup B.giveaway C.givein D.giveout40.A.surface B.line C.site D.spot【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.A25.D26.B27.C28.A29.D30.B31.C32.D33.A34.B35.B36.D37.A38.C39.C40.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要記敘了作者和兒子去亞美尼亞徒步旅行的經歷和感悟。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當我的兒子剛從研究生院畢業時，我抓住機會和他一起在我父親的家鄉徒步旅行了一個星期。A.control控制；B.power力量；C.opportunity機會；D.initiative主動權。根據上文“Iseizedthe”可知，此處指抓住“機會（opportunity）”，seizetheopportunity“抓住機會”。故選C。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我的兒子剛從研究生院畢業時，我抓住機會和他一起在我父親的家鄉徒步旅行了一個星期。A.attempting努力；嘗試；B.arranging安排；C.guiding指導；引導；D.hiking徒步。前文提到“ThoughArmeniaisn’texactlyreadyforgroupsofforeignhikers”，由此判斷作者和兒子是一起去作者父親的故鄉遠足。此處指作者和兒子一起徒步旅行。故選D。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在不久以前，沒有一個局外人會考慮這樣的一次穿越前蘇聯共和國的旅行。A.chance機會；B.trip旅行；C.job工作；D.moment時刻。結合上文“spendaweekhiking…himinmyownfather’shomeland”可知，此處指作者和兒子的這次徒步旅行。故選B。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但我們和來自澳大利亞、加拿大、英國和法國的徒步旅行者穿過了小路，我們離開后，希望能再回來。A.crossed穿過，越過；B.made制作；C.blocked阻塞；D.searched搜索。根據后文“thepaths”可知，此處指橫穿小路應用cross。故選A。【25題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：但我們和來自澳大利亞、加拿大、英國和法國的徒步旅行者穿過了小路，我們離開后，希望能再回來。A.so所以；B.or或者；C.but但是；D.and并且。后文提到“welefthopingtoreturn”并結合前后文語境可知，作者和兒子在亞美尼亞徒步之后希望能再次在亞美尼亞徒步旅行。此處為并列關系，應用連詞and。故選D。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：亞美尼亞并不適合每一個冒險家。A.adventurer冒險家；B.cyclist騎自行車的人；C.climber登山者；D.foreigner外國人。根據最后一段中