2022-2023年福建省漳州市大學英語6級大學英語六級真題(含答案)學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Wheneveryoucatchnegativesaying,youshould______.

A.avoidcreatingresistance

B.questionyourowntalk

C.trytothinkpositively

D.turnaroundandstopthinking

2.

Somecompaniesdon'tcareaboutwebsiteconstructionsinceconsumerscannotlearnmoreabouttheirproducts,theirbrandsandservices.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.

Traditionalradicalprostatectomy(前列腺切除術),whichwouldrequirean______andatleasttwodaysinthehospital.

4.

Asuccessfultaglineshouldnotfocusonthefeaturesofabrandname,butits______.

5.

ForEuropeangovernments,______inthehandsofthestrongestuniversitiesandallowingthemtogeneraterevenueareimportantwaystogrowvigorously.

6.

Deniedaspotontheswimmingteamisaseriousfailuretoakidbutitcanalsoberegardedas______.

7.

Theroomfortoday'sspecieswasmadeby______.

8.

WhenNancyWoods'parentsreachedtheirmid-80s,Nancy______.

A.cookedeverymealforthem

B.hadtheirmealsdelivered

C.letthemliveonoatmealporridge

D.hadanutritiousdietdesignedforthem

9.

Theexampleofkeepingadailygratitudejournalshowsthat______isveryimportant.

10.

ThedifferencebetweenyoungRichardandotherboyswasthatheusuallydidnotplaywiththeothersandneversmiled,andsoon.

A.YB.NC.NG

11.

Thereisnotmuchchangeintheweatherinthetropicalrainforestsalltheyearround.

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

AccordingtotheauthormanyoftheUFOreportsarebelievable.

A.YB.NC.NG

13.Bluetooth

Whenyouusecomputers,entertainmentsystemsortelephones,thevariouspiecesandpartsofthesystemsmakeupacommunityofelectronicdevices.Thesedevicescommunicatewitheachotherusingavarietyofwires,cables,radiosignalsandinfraredlight(紅外線)beams,andanevengreatervarietyofconnectorsandplugs.

Theartofconnectingthingsisbecomingmoreandmorecomplexeveryday.AndBluetoothhasnowbecomeanewpopularmethodofconnectingdevicesthatcanstreamlinetheprocess.ABluetoothconnectioniswirelessandautomatic,andittakessmall-areanetworkingtothenextlevelbyremovingtheneedforuserinterventionandkeepingtransmissionpowerextremelylowtosavebatterypower.

BluetoothOperation

Bluetoothnetworkingtransmitsdatavia10w-powerradiowaves.Itcommunicatesonafrequencyof2.45gigahertz(千兆赫)(actuallybetween2.402GHzand2.480GHz,tobeexact).Thisfrequencybandhasbeensetasidebyinternationalagreementfortheuseofindustrial,scientificandmedicaldevices(ISM).

Anumberofdevicesthatyoumayalreadyusefakeadvantageofthissameradio-frequencyband.Babymonitors(微型監視器),garage-dooropenersandthenewestgenerationofcordlessphonesallmakeuseoffrequenciesintheISMband.

OneofthewaysBluetoothdevicesavoidinterferingwithothersystemsisbysendingoutveryweaksignalsofabout1milliwatt.Bycomparison,themostpowerfulcellphonescantransmitasignalof3watts.ThelowpowerlimitstherangeofaBluetoothdevicetoabout10meters(32feet),cuttingthechancesofinterferencebetweenyourcomputersystemandyourportabletelephoneortelevision.Evenwiththelowpower,Bluetoothdoesn'trequirelineofsightbetweencommunicatingdevices.TheWallsinyourhousewon'tstopaBluetoothsignal,makingthestandardusefulforcontrollingseveraldevicesindifferentrooms.

Bluetoothcanconnectuptoeightdevicessimultaneously.Withallofthosedevicesinthesame10-meter(32-foot)radius;youmightthinkthey'dinterferewithoneanother,butit'sunlikely.Bluetoothusesatechniquecalledspread-spectrum.(擴展頻譜)frequencythatmakesitrareformorethanonedevicetobetransmittingonthesamefrequencyatthesametime.Inthistechnique,adevicewilluse.79individual,randomlychosenfrequencieswithinadesignatedrange,changingfromone-toanotheronaregularbasis.InthecaseofBluetooth.thetransmitterschangefrequencies1,600timeseverysecond,meaningthatmoredevicescanmakefulluseofalimitedsliceoftheradiospectrum.SinceeveryBluetoothtransmitterusesspread-spectrumtransmittingautomatically,it'sunlikelythattwotransmitterswillbeonthesamefrequencyatthesametime.ThissametechniqueminimizestheriskthatportablephonesorbabymonitorswilldisruptBluetoothdevices,sinceanyinterferenceonaparticularfrequencywilllastonlyatinyfractionofasecond.

Piconets(個人域網絡)

Let'ssayyouhaveatypicalmodernlivingroomwiththetypicalmodernStuffinside.There'sanentertainmentsystemwithastereo,aDVDplayer,asatelliteTVreceiverandatelevision;there'salsoacordlesstelephoneanda-personalcomputer.EachofthesesystemsusesBluetooth,andeachformsitsownpiconettotalkbetweenthemainunitandperipheral(外圍設備).

ThecordlesstelephonehasoneBluetoothtransmitterinthebaseandanotherinthehandset.Themanufacturerhasprogrammedeachunitwithanaddressthatfallsintoarangeofaddressesithasestablishedforaparticulartypeofdevice.Whenthebaseisfirstturnedon,itsendsradiosignalsaskingforaresponsefromanyunitswithanaddressinaparticularrange.Sincethehandsethasanaddressintherange,itresponds,andatinynetworkisformed.Now,evenifoneofthesedevice

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

Womenduringreproductivelifeshould______.

15.

Whatdomostliarsfeelwhentheyareabletogetawaywithlying?

A.Fortunate.B.Ashamed.C.Proud.D.Fun

16.

Nanotechnologyhasresultedinawiderangeofamazing,practicaldiscoveriessuchasstain-resistanttrousersandself-cleaningtoilets.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.

It'sadvisedtoextendyourprofessionalintereststofieldsthatcomplementandleveragethework______.

18.

Cheatinghasbecomeeasierforstudentsbecauseof______.

19.Merck'sstockplummeted40%insixweeksbecausesomeVioxx"victims"died.

20.

Thedisruptednaturalecosystemhasledto______ofsomespeciesandputalotofspeciesindanger.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.聽力原文：We'vebeenlookingatfearfromabiologicalperspective,andsomeoneaskedwhetherthetendencytobefearfulisgenetic.Well,somestudiesdonewithmiceindicatethatmammalsdoinheritfearfulnesstosomedegree.Inonestudy,forinstance,agroupofmicewasplacedinabrightly-litopenboxwithnohidingplaces.Someofthemicewanderedaroundtheboxanddidn'tappeartobebotheredofbeingsoexposed.Butothermicedidn'tmove.Theystayedupagainstonewall,whichindicatedthattheywereafraid.Well,whenfearfulmice,oryoumightsayanxiousmiceliketheoneswhostayedinoneplace.Whenmicelikethesewerebredwithoneanotherrepeatedly,afterabout12orsogenerations,thenalloftheoffspringshowedsimilarsignsoffearfulness.Andevenwhenanew-bornmousefromthisgenerationwasraisedbyamotherandwithothermicewhowerenotfearful,thatmousestilltendedtobefearfulasanadult.Nowwhyisthis?Wellit'sthoughtthatspecificgenesinananimal'sbodyhaveaninfluenceonanxiousbehavior.Thesearegenesthatareassociatedwithparticularnerve-cellreceptorsinthebrain.Andthedegreeofoveralloffearfulnessinthemammalseemstodependinlargepartonthepresenceorabsenceofthesenerve-cellreceptors.Andthisappearstoapplytohumansaswellbytheway.Butwhileatendencytowardsanxietyandfearmaywellbeaninheritedtrait,thespecificform.thatthefeartakeshasmoretodowiththeindividual'senvironment.Soaparticularfear,likethefearofsnakesorthefearofspiders,say,isnotgenetic,buttheoveralltendencytohavefearfulresponsesis.

(30)

A.Howanimalsreacttofrighteningsituations.

B.Whymiceareparticularlyfearfulanimals.

C.Whetherfearfulnessisagenetictrait.

D.Whycertainanimalsarefearedbyhumans.

22.(24)

A.Hercarisbeingrepaired.

B.Shewantstohelpreducepollution.

C.Parkingisdifficultinthecity.

D.Thecostoffuelhasincreased.

23.(28)

A.Moneypaidtoabankbeforethemortgageisgiven.

B.Moneyborrowedfromabankasamortgage.

C.Monthlypaymentstobankasthemortgage.

D.Interestchargedbyabankonthemortgage.

24.

【B6】

25.聽力原文：W:I'msorry,sir.Wouldyoupleasespellyourlastname?

M:Yes.It'sJensen.J-E-N-S-E-N.

Q:Whatistheman'slastname?

(19)

A.Gensen.B.Jensen.C.Jinsin.D.Ginsin.

26.(34)

A.Byitsthicklayeroffatunderitsskin.

B.Bymovingfrequentlyinthewater.

C.Byadjustingitsbloodtemperature.

D.Bytakinginhotair.

27.聽力原文：W:You'llhavetoapologizeabitmoresincerelyifyouexpectyourfriendtoactuallymastyouagain.

M:Idon'tknowwhatelseIcouldsay.Besides,Idon'tthinkit'sanapologyhewants.

Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?

(15)

A.Heshouldn'thaveapologized.

B.Hewillfindabetterwayofapologizing.

C.Hecouldn'tfindarightwordtomakeanapology.

D.Hisfriendisaskingformorethanjustanapology.

28.(21)

A.He'llplayforthematchinhonourofhim.

B.He'lltakehiswifeandhischildrenoutfordinner.

C.He'llcelebrateitwithhisfriends.

D.He'llwintheLeagueCupthatdayforcelebration.

29.(29)

A.Ignoringthegeneralmeaningofthetext.

B.Payinglittleattentiontotheprintingmistakes.

C.Pursuingathoroughunderstandingofthetext.

D.Caringmuchaboutthespellingofwords.

30.

【B7】

31.

【B10】

32.(32)

A.Whenthechildrengrowup.

B.Whenthefamilylifeisgettingbetter.

C.Whenthemanisangrybecausehiswifeisnothisservant.

D.Whenthewifebringsinmoremoney.

33.

【B8】

34.(31)

A.Itcanbebuiltupbyeducation.

B.Itstaysthesamethroughoutone'slife.

C.Itcanbepredictedatbirth.

D.Itisfully-developedduringone'schildhood.

35.

【B3】

36.聽力原文：M：Couldyougivemealittlehelponthesebiologicalproblems?I'vebeenbeatingmybrainsoutallweekendtryingtofigurethemout,butI'mstillnotsureIunderstandthem.

W：IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotaskapersonwhoneverpassesbiologicalexams.

Q：Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(14)

A.Heshouldturntosomebodyelse.

B.Heshouldworkthemoutonweekend.

C.She'dliketohelpifhestopsboxing.

D.She'dhelphimafterthealgebraexam.

37.聽力原文：Underthemedia'sspotlight,Iran'sforeignMinisterKamalKharrazimetBritishPrimeMinisterTonyBlaironMondayatBlair'sofficialresidenceonDowningStreet.

Kharrazi'svisit,thefirstbyanIranianministersincethe1979Islamicrevolution,washailedbytheinternationalcommunityasacrucialstepcementingarapprochementwithBritainafterdecadesofsuspicionandmistrust.

Relationsbetweenthetwocountriessouredandcametoastandstillwhen(30)thelateIranianleaderAyatollahRuhollahKhomeiniissuedadeathordertwoyearsagoagainstSalmanRushdie,theBritishwriterwhoauthored"thesatanicverses"forso-calleddisrespectingIslam.

Afterthemeeting,Blair'sspokesmansaidKharrazi'svisitwas"animportantlandmarkinIran'sreintegrationintotheinternationalcommunity."(29)ItshowsthatthetenserelationshipbetweenWesterncountriesandIranbegantoease.(31)Peacefulmeansagainturnedouttobethebestsolutioninsettlingdifferences.

Thevisit,alongwiththenormalizationofdiplomaticrelationsbetweentheDemocraticPeople'sRepublicofKoreaandItaly,gotacrossamessagethatideologicalorculturaldifferencesshouldnotconstituteanobstacletothedevelopmentofbilateralrelations.

EconomicsanctionsimposedbyWesterncountriesagainstIrancandonothingbutonlyleadtofurtherconfrontationandhostility.

Accordingtothecurrentsituation,BritishPrimeMinisterTonyBlairhaschangedthenation'sstrategy,andhedecidedtodecreasethecollapseofrelationsbetweenBritainandIran.Alsoheadvisedthewholewesternnationsshouldalsomakeachangetoimprovethepeacefulnessofthewholeworld."Wewantpeaceandnotwar."Hesaid.

(30)

A.BecauseIranianleadershasnotvisitedtheUKformanyyears.

B.BecausethehostilitybetweenWesterncountriesandIranbeganthawing.

C.BecausethevisitshowsthenormalizationbetweenKoreaandItaly.

D.BecauseKharraziisthefirstIranianministertovisitUK.

38.

【B2】

39.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：Wehumanshavefoundcountlessmysteriesoftheuniversewithwhichtooccupyourmindsoverthecenturies.Wenotonlyaskquestionsaboutwhatsomethingisbutwealsowanttoknowwhyitis.(26)Ancientpeopleinventedelaboratemythologicalexplanationstoaccountforthemysteriousthingstheysaw.Boththeskywithitsheavenlybodiesandseeminglynever-endingvastnessandtheseaswiththeirgreatdepthsandpowerwere,andstillare,capableoffillingpeoplewithfeelingsoffearandwonder.Asancienthumanslookedattheskyabovethem,onesightthatintriguedthemmostwastheMilkyWay.They,ofcourse,didn'tknowthatthestrange,broad,luminousbandoflightacrosstheskyisinrealitycomposedofcountlessstarsandplanetslocatedsofarfromtheEarththattheycannotbeenseenindividuallybythenakedeyes.(27)TotheancientChineseitappearedasaluminousriver,whichtheyreferredtoastheRiverofHeavenortheSilverStream.EventhoughtodayweknowwhattheMilkyWayis,(28)itremainsequallymysteriousinmanywaysbecauseitissoremotefromus.ItisnowonderthatforthoseindividualswhobelieveinUFOs,itseemsalikelyplacefromwhichtheycouldhavearisen.Afterall,weknowsolittleaboutheavenlybodies.Thepoweroftheoceanisawesome.Wehearoftidalwavesthatcrashontoland,destroyingeverythingintheirpath;wereadaccountsoflostshipsoverthecenturies.Now,inthe21stcenturyasweflyacrossthePacific,wecan'thelpbutfeelabitlonelyandconcernedaswethinkofthatvastbodyofwaterbelowus.

(27)

A.Theydidn'tnoticethem.

B.Theygavemythologicalexplanations.

C.Theyignoredthem.

D.Theychosetoavoidseeingthem.

40.(39)

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Underitschapter,theU.N.guarantees______.

A.nevertousearms

B.toemployinternationalmachines

C.tobetterstandardsoflife

D.topromoteeconomicandsocialadvancement

42.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Someoftheoldworriesaboutartificialintelligencewerecloselylinkedtothequestionofwhethercomputerscouldthink.Thefirstmassiveelectroniccomputers,capableofrapidcomputationandlittleornocreativeactivity,weresoondubbed"electronicbrains.'Areactiontothisterminologyquicklyfollowed.Toputthemintheirplace,computerswerecalled"highspeedidiots",anefforttoprotecthumanvanity.Butnoteveryonerealizedtheimplicationsofthehigh-speedidiottag.Ithasnotbeenpointedoutoftenenoughthateventhehumanidiotisoneofthemostintelligentlifeformsonearth.Iftheearlycomputerswereeventhatintelligent,itwasalreadyaremarkablestateofaffairs.

Oneconsequenceofspeculationaboutthepossibilityofcomputerthoughtwasthatwewereforcedtoexaminewithnewcaretheideaofthoughtingeneral.Itsoonbecameclearthatwewerenotsurewhatwemeantbysuchtermsasthoughtandthinking.Wetendtoassumethathumanbeingsthink,somemorethanothers,thoughweoftencallpeoplethoughtlessorunthinking.Dreamscauseaproblem,partlybecausetheyusuallyhappenoutsideourcontrol.Theyareobviouslysometypeofmentalexperience,butaretheyatypeofthinking?Andthequestionofnonhumanlifeformsaddsfurtherproblems.Manyofuswouldmaintainthatsomeofthehigheranimals—dogs,cats,apes,andsoon—arecapableofatleastbasicthought,butwhataboutfishandinsects?Itiscertainlytruethatthehighermammalsshowcomplexbrainactivitywhentestedwiththeappropriateequipment.Ifthinkingisdemonstratedbyevidentelectricalactivityinthebrain,thenmanyspeciesarecapableofthought.Oncewehaveformulatedclearideasonwhatthoughtisinbiologicalcreatures,itwillbeeasiertodiscussthequestionofthoughtinartifacts.Andwhatistrueofthoughtisalsotrueofthemanyothermentalprocesses.Oneoftheimmensebenefitsofaresearchisthatwearebeingforcedtoscrutinize,withnewrigor,theworkingofthehumanmind.

Itisalreadyclearthatmachineshavesuperiormentalabilitiestomanylifeforms.Nofernoroaktreecanplaychessaswellaseventhesimplestdigitalcomputer;norcanfrogsweldcarbodiesaswellasrobots.Itseemsthat,viewedintermsofintellect,thecomputershouldbesetwellaboveplantsandmostanimals.Onlythehigheranimalscancompetewithcomputerswithregardtointellectandeventhenwithdiminishingsuccess.

Accordingtothefirstparagraph,humanbeings'attitudetowardstheearlycomputerscanbestbedescribedas______.

A.indifferentB.ambiguousC.contemptuousD.hostile

43.

Thetitlethatcanbestexpresstheideaofthepassageis

A.TheEPAproposescurbonindustrialgreenhousegases

B.Thegreatbenefitofthenewproposalforgreenhousegases

C.TheEPAproposalsucceedsinprohibitinggreenhousegases

D.TheEPArulesencounterlegalchallengeforgreenhousegases

44.Whatdoestheauthorimplybysaying"rewardscardscanbeausefuloptionforthesavvyconsumer"?

A.Rewardcardsarehelpfulwhenpeopleknowthemtotallywell.

B.Rewardcardsareusefulonlywhenpeoplepurchasewiththem.

C.Thevalueofthecardwillvanishfrommonthtomonthinshorttime.

D.Rewardscardswillservepeoplewithcomfortandconvenience.

45.

【C10】

46.

TheauthormentionedthecaseoftheUnitedStatestojustifythepolicyof______.

47.Today,deep-oceanminingisdoneonlybytheoilandgasindustry.Yetthedreamofminingthemineralwealthofthedeephasnevergoneaway.Nowtwofirmshopetosucceedwhereothershavefailed.

NautilusMinerals,basedinVancouver,isthemoreadvancedofthepair.IthasanexploratorylicencefromPapuaNewGuineaandhasalreadybegundrillingoperations1,600metresbelowsealevelofftheeastcoastofthecountry.Anothercompany,NeptuneMinerals,basedinLondonandSydney,hascompletedtestdrillinginthedeepwatersnearNewZealand.

Nautilus'sdeep-waterexplorationreliesonamodifieddeep-searemotelyoperatedvehicle(ROV)ofthekindnormallyusedintheoilantitelecomindustries.Ithasamanipulatorhandcontainingdrillingandcuttingtoolsthatallowtherobottoretrievesamplesofrockfromtheoceanbed.Sofarthedrillinghasonlybeenexploratory,buttheprospectslookgood.

Thepresenceoftheserichdepositshasbeenknownaboutforyears,saysStevenScott,ageologistattheUniversityofToronto.Hehasbeenresearchingunderwatergeologysincethe1980s,andinthe1990sheco-discoveredthedepositthatNautilusisexploring.Sowhyhasittakensolongtomovetowardsthecommercialexploitationofdeepseamassivesulphidedeposits?Mr.Heydon(thebossofNautilus)saysitisbecausetheROVtechnologyhasonlyrecentlybecomecapableenough.Heeventuallyhopestouserock-cuttingROVsthatwilldriveacrosstheseafloor,grindingoreastheygoandsendingittothesurfaceviaatubeatarateof400tonnesperhour.Itmightalsobepossibletoliftlargedepositsusingcompressedair.

Allofthiscanbedone,Mr.Heydonbelieves,forabouthalfasmuchasopeninganewlandbasedmine.Nautilushasspentabout$12minthepastyearonexploration,andDrScottsaysonetestdrillingfounddeposits19metresdeep.Unlikemanganese(錳)mines,whicharelikegolfballsscatteredacrosstheseabed,thesedeep-oceandepositsoccurinsmallareasaroundextincthydrothermalvents.Suchconcentrateddepositsoughttomakeunderwatermininghighlyefficient.

Eveniftheeconomiesstackup.however,NautilusandNeptunemustovercomeconcernsoverenvironmentaldamage.DrScottarguesthatunderwaterminingwillbefarlessdisruptivetotheenvironmentthanterrestrialmining:therewillhenopilesofwasterock,sincethedepositsarcdirectlyontheseafloor.Andwhereastheoilindustrylayspipelinesunderwater,miningwouldnotleaveanypermanentstructuresbehind.Butgovernmentswillneedtobeconvincedofthemeritoftheseargumentsbeforeminingcanbegin.

Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Nomineralcompanieshavesucceededindeep-seamining.

B.Oilandgashavebeenregardedasthemostusefuldeep-seawealth.

C.Onlyoilandgasindustryhasbeeninterestedindeep-seamining.

D.Thedeep-seamineralwealthhasrecentlybecomethedreamofminers.

48.

Whysomepeoplearefortheminimumwage?

49.Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesisthat______.

A.theyarelikelytolosetheirjobs

B.theyhavenogenuinesatisfactionorinterestinlife

C.theyarefacedwiththefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistence

D.theyaredeprivedoftheirindividualityandindependence

50.

Partialdecentralizationmay______.

A.eventuallysolvetheproblemofcitycongestion

B.relievethestrainonthecityfacilities

C.decreasethelandvalueinthetowncenter

D.bringthesameproblemofcongestiontothesuburbanareas

51.

LauraMcHughpromisedtogetthebulliedboytestedfordiseasesbecause______.

A.hersonconfessedtobeingwrong

B.shewasafraidtoannoytheboy'sparents

C.hewaslikelytobeaffectedbythesediseases

D.shewantedtoteachherownsonalesson

52.

Whataretherelativemeritsofcars?

53.Intelligenceusedtobeseenasafixedentity,somefacultyofthemindthatweallpossessandwhichdeterminesinsomewaystheextentofourachievements.SincetheIntelligenceQuotientwasrelativelyunaffectedbybadteachingoradullhomeenvironment,itremainedconstant.Itsvalue,therefore,wasapredictorofchildren'sfuturelearning.Iftheydifferedmarkedlyintheirabilitytolearncomplextasks,thenitwasclearlynecessarytoeducatethemdifferently—andtheneedfordifferenttypesofschoolandevendifferentabilitygroupswithinschoolswasobvious.

Today,wearebeginningtothinkdifferently.Inthelastfewyears,researchhasthrowndoubtontheviewthatinnateintelligencecaneverbemeasuredandontheverynatureofintelligenceitself.Perhapsmostimportant,thereisconsiderableevidencenowwhichshowsthegreatinfluenceoftheenvironmentbothonachievementandintelligence.Childrenwithpoorhomebackgroundsnotonlydolesswellintheirschoolworkandinintelligencetests—afactwhichcouldbeexplainedongeneticgrounds—buttheirperformancetendstodeteriorategraduallycomparedwiththatoftheirmorefortunateclassmates.Evidencelikethislendssupporttotheviewthatwehavetodistinguishbetweengeneticintelligenceandobservedintelligence.Anydeficiencyintheappropriategeneswillobviouslyrestrictdevelopment,nomatterhowstimulatingtheenvironment.Butwecannotobserveormeasureinnateintelligence;whereaswecanobserveandmeasuretheeffectsoftheinteractionofwhateverisinheritedwithwhateverstimulationhasbeenreceivedfromtheenvironment.Changesmayoccurinourobservationsormeasurements,iftheenvironmentischanged.Inotherwords,theIntelligenceQuotientisnotconstant.

Researchesoverthepastdecadehavebeeninvestigatingwhathappensinthisinteraction.Workinthiscountryhasshownthatparentalinterestandencouragementaremoreimportantthanthematerialcircumstancesofthehome.

Twomajorfindingshaveemergedfromthesestudies.Firstly,thatthegreaterpartofthedevelopmentofobservedintelligenceoccursintheearliestyearsoflife.50percentofmeasurableintelligenceatage17isalreadypredictablebytheageoffour.Inotherwords,deprivationinthefirstfourorfiveyearsoflifecanhavegreaterconsequencesthananyofthefollowingtwelveorsoyears.

Secondly,themostimportantfactorsintheenvironmentarelanguageandpsychologicalaspectsoftheparent-childrelationship.Muchofthedifferenceinmeasuredintelligencebetween"privileged"and"disadvantaged"childrenmaybeduetothelatter'slackofappropriateverbalstimulationandthepovertyoftheirperceptionalexperiences.

Theseresearchfindingshaveledtoarevisioninourunderstandingofthenatureofintelligence.Insteadofitbeingsomelargelyinheritedfixedpowerofthemind,wenowsecitasasetofdevelopedskillswithwhichapersoncopeswithanyenvironment.Theseskillshavetobelearnedand,indeed,thefundamentaloneislearninghowtolearn.

Whichofthefollowingmightserveasasuitabletitleforthepassage?

A.Intelligence:AChangedView

B.IntelligenceandIntelligenceQuotient

C.GeneticIntelligencevsObservedIntelligence

D.InnateIntelligenceandDevelopedSkills

54.

Ahappypersontendstospeakinthe______voice.

55.

【C5】

56.

Whatdoestheword"computers"originallymeanaccordingtothepassage?

57.

Bysaying"itspresenceshouldbefeltratherthanseen",theauthormeans______.

58.

Thefactthatparentscheckthecontentsofthebookorthefilmfortheirchildrentoreadorsecshows______.

A.thenecessityofcensorship

B.manybooksandfilmsarebad

C.childrenneedtheirparentstohelpthemunderstandmore

D.theparentsarepermissive

59.

Accordingtothepassage,testingteamattheUniversityofIowaisthefirstto______.

A.developamethodtotesthearingbywayofthebrain

B.determinetheextentofbraindamageinhearing-impairedpersons

C.observethereactionofthebraintoalaboratory-controllednoise

D.studyallthepartsofbrain-waveresponsesatthesametime

60.

FromthepassagewecanconcludethattheUShascometorealize______.

A.theweakeningoftheUSdollarcanresultintradedeficits

B.thelowertheretailprices,thegreaterinprofits

C.tourismcanmakegreatcontributionstoitseconomy

D.visitorstotheUSarewealthierthanUStouristsabroad

四、5.ErrorCorrection(5題)61.

【S8】

62.

【S4】

63.

【S6】

64.

【S9】

65.Protestsattheuseofanimalsinresearchhavetaken

anewandfearfulc