HeritageindangerWelcome,everybody.It'swonderfultobehere.Beforewebegin,Iwanttoaskyou:haveyoueverbeenawedbynaturalwonders?Haveyoueverbeenfascinatedbyhumancivilization?Ifso,youmightalreadyunderstandwhyUNESCOisfighting1.________(preserve)sitesofculturalandnaturalimportancetomankind.IhavethebeliefthatsomeofyouhaveheardaboutUNESSCOheritagesitesormaybeevenvisitedone!Therearecurrentlyaround1,100sitesinmorethan160countriesworldwide.2.________(unfortunate),theyfaceavarietyofdangersandmanyofthemareinurgentneedofprotection.Let'slookatsomespecificissues.Heritagesitesareatriskfromnaturalforces.Thelong-termnaturalforces,suchaswind,waterandtemperature,cangraduallyweardownheritagesites.Forinstance,theGreatPyramidofGizaisnowseveralmetresshorterthanitwasoriginally.Naturaldisasters,thesuddenand3.________(power)naturalforces,canleadtothedestructionofheritagesites:in2003,aterribleearthquakeshooksouth-easternIranandruinedlargepartsofthecityofBam,4.________incredibleUNESCOculturalheritagesite.Anotherbigdangerishumanactivities.Warscancauseagreatdealofdamagetobothculturalandnaturalheritagesites.Sometimes,amazingancientclaysculpturesandbuildingsareaccidentallydestroyedbymissileattacksduringperiodsof5.________(violent).Insomeconflictareaswherecivilwarsoftenbreakout,fightershaveevendestroyedheritagesitesonpurpose.Meanwhile,WorldHeritagestatusmaygiverisetoaseriesofproblems.Oneoftheproblemsisthefloodof6.________(tourist).MillionsoftouriststraveltoUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteseveryyear,soitisonlynaturalthatthesitessufferabitofwearandtear.ThetemplesofAngkorinCambodiaaretypicalexamplesofuniquearchitecture.Everyday,thousandsoftouristsclimbingupthenarrowstonestepsarewearingdowntheseancientbuildingsandthelong-termconsequencescouldleadtoirreparabledestructionoftheinternalstructure.Duetohumanpopulationgrowth,thedemandforproductionand7.________(consume)ofgoodsincreases.Widespreaddevelopmentputsourculturalandnaturalheritagesitesindanger.Manyheritagesitesareevenatriskof8.________(lose)forever.TaketheHistoricCentreofViennainAustriaasanexample.ThecityhasbeenrecognizedasthemusicalcapitalofEuropesincethe16thcentury,hometothelikesofMozartandBeethoven.ItisnowontheListofWorldHeritageinDangerduetohigh-riseconstructionprojectsincentralVienna.Suchdangerscanhavedisastrousoutcomesnotonlyforthesitesthemselves,butalsoforpeople.Forinstance,theGreatBarrierReefoffthenorth-eastcoastofAustraliaisanaturalheritagesiteindanger.Duetohighseawatertemperatures9.________(cause)byglobalwarming,alargeamountofcoraliskilledandpartsofthereefareseriouslyaffected,whichharmsitsfragilenaturalecology.Aswellasbeinghometoawidediversityofoceanspecies,thereefcanboosttourismandfishinginthelocalarea,providingmanyjobopportunities.Italsohelpsprotectthecoastlineagainstwavesandfloods.Ifthereefdisappears,manypeople'slivesandpossiblyeventheirhomeswillsuffergreatly.Heritageprotectionis10.________thetopoftheagendaforthebenefitofallmankind.Themoreweacknowledgetheoutstandinguniversalvalueofourheritagesites,themorelikelywearetotreatthemwithrespect.Thesesitesarethegreatwondersofourworldandtellthestoryofhumancivilization.Weallshareajointresponsibilitytoprotectandpreservethem,notjustforourselves,butforfuturegenerations.Ifyourheartbreakslikemineatthethoughtofourirreplaceableheritagebeinglostforever,pleasetakeaction.Ifyou'reinterested,pleaselookatourwebsiteandparticipateinanywayyoucan!Thankyou.【答案】1.topreserve;2.Unfortunately;3.powerful;4.an;5.violence;6.tourists;7.consumption;8.beinglost;9.caused;10.atFollowingthesilkroad1.________(cover)vastdistancesandanastonishingvarietyoflandscapes,theSilkRoadwasanetworkofancienttraderoutesthatextendedfromEastAsiaallthewaytotheMediterranean.AkeysectionoftheextensiveSilkRoadnetworkistheChang'an-TianshanCorridor,2.________stretchesoveradistanceofaround5,000kilometresthroughChina,KazakhstanandKyrgyzstan,coveringatotalof8,700kilometresoftraderoutes.ThethreecountriesjointlypursuedanapplicationforUNESCOWorldHeritagestatus.Theysubmittedtheproposalwhichcontaineddetailedresearchonthe33sitesalongthecorridor.ThismadehistoryinitsownwayasthefirstsuccessfulmultinationalWorldHeritageapplication—anditseemstobeonlythebeginningoftheroadfortheSilkRoad,asothercountriesarealsoplanningWorldHeritageapplicationsforothersectionsofthenetwork.ThestartingpointofthecorridorandtheentireSilkRoadnetworkisChang'an(present-dayXi'an),inShaanxiProvinceofnorth-westChina.ItwasfamousasthecapitaloftheHanandTangDynasties.FurtherwestontheSilkRoad,thegeography3.________(gradual)changesfromwilddesertstohigh,snow-cappedmountainstovastgrasslandsastheroutespassthroughthesplendidTianshanMountainsandemergeintherollingvalleysofCentralAsia.AlthoughtheChang'an-TianshanCorridorendshere,thenetworkcontinueswestwardsuntilitreachestheMediterranean.TheSilkRoadbegantodevelopinthe2ndcenturyBCE.4.________(assign)bytheemperor,theambassadorZhangQianjourneyedfromChang'antoCentralAsia,seekingtobuildbridgesbetweentheHanDynastyandtheWesternRegions.FollowingZhang'sefforts,traderoutestookshapeandrelationships5.________(strengthen)betweenthemajorpowersofthetime,withtheroutesnetworkreachingasfarastheRomanEmpire.Thenetworkexpandedgradually,playinganimportantroleinworldhistorybetweenthe6thand14thcenturies,andremainedinuseuntilthe16thcentury.AttheinitialstageoftheSilkRoaddevelopment,silkwasthemainiteminthetradelistthanksto6.________(it)lightweightandhighvalue.Atitspeak,manyotheritemswerecontributedtothemarketplaceofgoods.Therouteswerealivewithstringsofcamelscarryingloadsofgoodsandtraderssellingeverythingimaginable.China'sexportsincludedsilk,chinaandtea,whilehorses,wool,cottonandgrapeswereallimportedovervastdistancesalongthenetwork.Inaddition7.________tradeexchange,thenetworkservedasabridgeforculturalexchangewhichshapedtheevolutionofscience,art,technologyandmanyotherareasinsocietiesalongthenetwork.AstronomyandmathematicswereintroducedtoChinafromIndiaandArabia;inGansuProvince,theMogaoCaves,hometosomeofthefinestexamplesofBuddhistart,reflectedtheeastwardspreadofBuddhismfromIndia;importantChinese8.________(invent)suchaspapermakingandprintingwerefirstbroughttotheWestthroughthenetwork.A