廣東省惠州市龍江中學2022-2023學年高三英語上學期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Everyoneinthevillagehopedthathewould______afterafewdays’treatment.A.pickup

B.comeup

C.keepup

D.makeup參考答案：A略2.

Breadandbutter_____forbreakfastinmanyChinesehomesnowadaysbutthingsweredifferent20yearsago.

A.serve

B.isserved

C.hasserved

D.areserved

參考答案：B3.It’ssaidthattheywillsoon________agreencartocompetewithFord.

A.bringabout

B.bringdown

C.bringout

D.bringup參考答案：C4.I’dliketobuyahouse---modern,firm,comfortable,and________inaquietneighborhood.A.inall

B.aboveall

C.afterall

D.atall參考答案：B5.-Whydidn’tyouattendthemeetingyesterday?-Nobodytoldmeabout_______ameeting.

A.theretobe

B.therebeing

C.therebe

D.therewas參考答案：B6.______howcloseshewasstandingtotherailwaytracks,thegirlwashitbythetrainanddiedonthespot.A.Havingnotrealized

B.NothavingrealizedC.Notrealizing

D.Nottorealize參考答案：B試題分析：考查分詞做狀語。本句中動詞realize與主語thegirl構成主動關系，所以使用現在分詞在句中做狀語。且realize的動作發生在主句謂語動詞之前，所以使用完成式havingrealized的形式，其否定式是在前面直接加not。句意：沒有意識到她站得離鐵軌如此近，這個女孩被火車裝到，當場死亡。故B正確。【名師點睛】分詞作狀語是高考考查的熱點和重要考點，其熱點考查內容如下：一．確定分詞形式分詞作狀語時，通常放在句首，并且用逗號與主句隔開。同時，分詞作狀語時其邏輯主語與主句主語應保持一致，也就是說在確定選擇現在分詞還是過去分詞時，要判斷主句主語與分詞中心詞的關系。如果句子的主語是動詞-ing形式所表示的動作的發出者（即表主動或正在進行），分詞形式選用現在分詞；如果句子的主語是動詞-ed形式所表示的動作的承受者時（即表被動或完成），分詞形式選用過去分詞。例：1,_______,Istretchedmyhandoutforit.A.IsawthebookIwantedontheshellB.ThebookIwantedwasontheshellC.SeeingthebooklyingacrossthedeskD.Lyingonthedesk分析：分詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語應與句子的主語一致。根據這一原則，可知句子的主語I只能與see保持一致。如果選A,該句中沒有連詞，沒能構成并列句和主從復合句，此時要選用非謂語動詞形式。所以選C2,Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.分析：“Seenfromthehill”是過去分詞作狀語。分詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語應與句子的主語一致。根據這一原則，可知，“thepark”是“Seenfromthehill”的邏輯主語，它們之間表示被動關系，所以分詞形式用seen.二．確立句子主語可能是誰確立句子主語可能是誰時，仍然遵循分詞作狀語時其邏輯主語與主句主語應保持一致的原則。反過來要根據分詞形式確立句子主語。例：Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists,

_________.A.doctorscametotheirrescueB.thetallbuildingcollapsedC.anemergencymeasurewastakenD.warningweregiventotourists分析:本題仍考查非謂語動詞的用法。句中“Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists”是現在分詞作狀語。分詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語應與句子的主語一致。根據這一原則，可知“受攻擊”的應是“thetallbuilding”,即“Havingbeenattacked”的邏輯主語是“thetallbuilding”.句意為“大樓因為受到恐怖分子的襲擊而倒塌”.答案:B三．獨立主格結構分詞作狀語時其邏輯主語與主句主語應保持一致，但當分詞邏輯主語與主語不一致時，分詞要有自己獨立的邏輯主語，這種主語常常是名詞或代詞，置于動詞-ing形式或動詞-ed形式之前。這種名詞/代詞+動詞-ing/動詞-ed結構在語法上被稱為獨立主格結構。此時分詞形式的選擇取決于名詞/代詞與v-ing/v-ed形式所表示動作的邏輯關系，如果它們之間表示主動或分詞動作正在進行，選擇現在分詞，如果它們之間表示被動或完成，選擇過去分詞。1,名詞/代詞+動詞-ing

例：Springcomingon,thetreesturnedgreen.2，名詞/代詞+動詞-ed

例：Thequestionsettled,theyfeltreleased.3，with/without+名詞/代詞+動詞-ing/-ed

例：Withthetreegrowntall,wegetmoreshade.Ourschoollooksbeautifulwiththeflowerscomingout.Thebattlewasoverwithoutashotbeingfired.四．分詞作狀語時，相當于一個狀語從句。例：______weight,thedoctorhaswarnedmetokeepoffsugar.A.I’mputtingon

B.HavingputonC.AsI’mgaining

D.Togain分析：在并列句和主從復合句中,逗號只起分隔作用,前后兩部分的邏輯關系必須使用連接詞來表達;否則要使用非謂語動詞.該題中B，C兩項是非謂語動詞作狀語,但其邏輯主語與主句主語不一致,所以只能使用連接詞來表達前后兩部分的邏輯關系.答案:C五．現在分詞和過去分詞作獨立成分英語中一些特殊的分詞可用作獨立成分，不需要邏輯主語。這種無依著動詞形式結構已經成為固定用法。常見的不需要邏輯主語的動詞-ing/-ed形式結構:Considering(that)…考慮到

supposing(that)…如果……

generallyspeaking

一般說來franklyspeaking

坦白說

Judgingfrom…從…判斷

talkingof…

說到……Concerning…

關于

settingaside...

除開……

Comingto…

談到……allowingfor...

考慮到……

Proving/provided(that)…假定supposing/suppose(that)…假如……Seeing(that)…既然……

given(that)…

假設；如果；考慮到

putfrankly

坦白地說takenasawhole

總的說來例：1.Putfrankly,Idon’tagreewithwhathesaid.坦白地說，我不同意他說的話。2.Giventhegeneralstateofhishealth,itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation.考慮到他的一般身體狀況，他手術后恢復過來可能需要一段時間。3.Supposingheisill,whowilldothework?假如他病了，誰來做這工作呢？7.Whengoingtowork，Isuggestusingthebike

thecar，becauseitismoreenvironmentallyfriendly．

A．orrather

B．orelse

C．ratherthan

D．otherthan參考答案：C8.Criticismandself-criticismisnecessary

ithelpsustocorrectourmistakes.A.so

B.however

C.therefore

D.inthat參考答案：D9.TheyhadplannedatripinHainan,butbecauseoftheheavyrain,theyhadtostayathome_____.A.instead

B.actually

C.however

D.though參考答案：A10.Writedownthekeywordsthatyou____yourstudentstofindinthepassage.A.make

B.expect

C.suggest

D.hope參考答案：B11.Mr.Whiteshouldhavearrivedat8：30forthemeeting，buthedidn't

.A.turnup

B.getup

C.holdup

D.keepup參考答案：A12.Theschoolsthemselvesadmitthatnotallchildrenwillbesuccessfulinthejobs__________theyarebeingtrained.A.inthat

B.forthat

C.inwhich

D.forwhich參考答案：D13.Hehappened____inthefieldwhentheearthquakebrokeout.A.tobeworking

B.towork

C.working

D.worked參考答案：A14.Theseriouslyillmanthinksitdoesn'tmatter_____hewilldie，butwhatmattersmuchishowhelives.A.how B.that C.why D.what參考答案：A15.IwanttothankmyfriendJohn,without____________help,Iwouldn’thavebeensaved.A.his

B.whose

C.whom

D.which參考答案：B16.—HowdidyoumanagedtofindthatI’mdishonest?

—Ihaveknownthat______.

A.allway

B.accidentally

C.bychance

D.alltheway參考答案：D解析：alltheway有“自始至終”之意。bychance,accidentally表示偶然,但不與現在完成時連用。17.Themedicalschoolplanstoprovidemoretrainingfornursesinlargehospitalsandmakenursingservices_______tohouseholdsandcommunities.

A.accessible

B.adaptable

C.preferable

D.flexible參考答案：A18.

__________theCustomsOffice,hewillhavetoshowthethingstothecustomsofficer.

A.Nomatterwhowillcomethrough

B.Whocomesthrough

C.Nomatterwhomcomesthrough

D.Whoevercomesthrough

參考答案：D二、短文改錯19.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用(＼)劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意；1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。LastsummerIstayedataholidaycampwithsomeclassmate.Wewantedtogodownthemountainnearourcamp.ButourguidePetedidn’tallowmetogobecauseofthebadweather.Atfirstwewerereallydisappointing.Thenwedecidedtogowithouthimanyway.Twohourslater,wereachedthetopofamountain.Althoughtired,butwewerehappy.Suddenlyitrainedheavyandwelostourway.LuckilyIhadmymobilephoneonme.IphonePete.Hetoldustostaywhatwewere.Finallyhefoundus.Wesaidsorryhimandthankedhim.參考答案：LastsummerIstayedataholidaycampwithsomeclassmate.Wewantedtogodown

classmates

upthemountainnearourcamp.ButourguidePetedidn’tallowmetogobecauseofthe

usbadweather.Atfirstwewerereallydisappointing.Thenwedecidedtogowithoutdisappointedhimanyway.Twohourslater,wereachedthetopofamountain.Althoughtired,but

the

去掉wewerehappy.Suddenlyitrainedheavyandwelostourway.LuckilyIhadmymobile

heavilyphoneonme.IphonePete.Hetoldustostaywhatwewere.Finallyhefoundus.Wephoned

wheresaidsorry∧himandthankedhim.to【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了去年夏天野營時，作者和他的伙伴們不聽導游話，私自爬到山頂，被雨困住，又不得不給導游打電話求助的故事。【詳解】1.考查名詞的數。“some”可以修飾不可數名詞或可數名詞的復數形式，classmate（同學）是可數名詞。故把classmate改為classmates。2.考查動詞短語。由文章第六句“Twohourslater,wereachedthetopofamountain.”可知，他們后來到達了山頂。所以他們是想爬上山，而不是下山。故把down改為up。3.考查代詞。句意：但是我們的導游不允許我們去，因為天氣不好。故把me改為us。4.考查形容詞。句意：開始的時候我們真的很失望。主語是我們（指人），我們感到失望，而不是我們讓人失望，所以形容詞要用過去分詞形式。故把disappointing改為disappointed。5.考查定冠詞。文章第二句提到過一次mountain，這句話里的mountain與前邊所說的山是同一座山。故把a改為the。6.考查連詞Although與but不能連用，只能選其一。文章中將although與but連用，導致句子沒有了主句。故將but去掉。7.考查副詞。句意：突然雨下得很大，我們迷路了。句子中的heavy位于rained之后，修飾動詞，而動詞需要用副詞來修飾。故把heavy改為heavily。8.考查一般過去時。本文是在講述去年夏天的事情，全文使用的都是一般過去時。所以本句也需要使用一般過去時。故把phone改為phoned。9.考查狀語從句連詞。句意：他告訴我們呆在我們所在的地方。“……的地方”用連詞where。故把what改為where。10.考查介詞。“對某人說什么”使用詞組“saysthtosb.”，介詞to引出說話的對象。故在sorry后邊加to。

三、閱讀理解20.Theword“social”means:“relatingtosocietyoritsorganization.”Thespecialtypeofsciencethatstudieshowhumanbeingsinteract（互動）witheachotheriscalled“sociology.”Sociologistshavelookedcloselyatmankind’sdesiretobeapartofdifferentgroupsandcallthis“groupbehavior.”Sociologistsbelievethatgroupbehaviorbeganinmankindalongtimeagowhenmanwasmoreprimitive.Backthen,peopledidnothavebighomesmadeofconcreteorbricktoprotectthemfromdangerousanimals.Peoplesleptincavesandwereoutintheopenduringthedayalotmore.Theywouldlookallaroundforfoodsothatthespeciescouldcontinueliving.Astimewenton,peoplebegantoseethebenefitsofbeingapartofagroup.Theycouldfindmorefoodandwouldbeabletomoreeffectivelybattledangerousanimals.Biggerquantitiesoffoodandabettersenseofsafetyhelpedhumanssurviveandprosper.Groupbehavioralsoincludedthecreationof“norms”and“values.”Normsareexamplesofwhatagroupnormallydoesoveraperiodoftime.Membersofagroupmightallwakeupatthesametimeandbegintocarryouttheirvariousdutiesduringtheday,andrepeatthosesameactivitiesdayafterday.Valuesareasummaryofwhatthegroup’sgoalsmightbeorageneralideaofwhatisacceptablebehavior.Somegroupsmightstronglybelieveinhonestyanddisliketheft.Thereareactuallysomenegativethingsthatcancomealongwithgroupbehavior.Fromtimetotime,ifapersonisnotacceptedwithinagroup,theymightfeelrejectedandsaddened.Othertimes,agroupmightfinditselffightinga“commonenemy”,anothergroupthatisdislikedasawholebecauseitmayhavedifferentnormsorvalues.Groupbehavioralsomakesitmorelikelythatallofthemembersofagroupwillbelievesomethingjustbecauseonemembersaysso,evenifitisnottrueorfavorable.

27.Whatis“groupbehavior”?A.Mankind’sdesiretostudysociology.B.Mankind’sdesiretoformfriendshipwithothers.C.Mankind’sdesiretohuntforfoodsuccessfully.D.Mankind’sdesiretobeapartofdifferentgroups.28.Whatcausedpeopletobecomepartofagroupalongtimeago?A.Peoplewantedtomakemorefriendswithothers.B.Peoplewantedtobeabletobettersurviveandsucceed.C.Peoplewantedtohavebigconcreteorbrickhomes.D.Peoplewantedtokilllargeranimalsforfood.29.Basedonthepassage,whatmighttheidentityofagroupbebasedon?A.Thegroup’svalues. B.Thegroup’slocation.C.Thegroup’scommonenemy. D.Thegroup’ssize.30.Whichofthefollowingmaybeadisadvantagecausedbygroupbehavior?A.Certainpeoplemightenjoytheleadershipinagroup.B.Moreanimalswerekilledbythepeopleworkingingroups.C.Membersofagroupcarriedoutvariousdutiesoutofhabit.D.Thegroupwereguidedbyawrongbeliefandsufferedtheconsequences.參考答案：27-30.DBAD21.AgroupofforeignresidentsmarriedtoJapanesetalkedabouttheirchildren’snames.NicoleDespresStudentsservicesmanager,40(American)WehavenointentiontoliveoutsideJapansoitmadesenseforthekidstotakemyJapanesehusband’sfamilyname.However,wedidwanttohaveaWesternnametoo,soallthreeofthemnowhavebothaWesternandJapanesename.Weagreedtherewouldbenostrangenames,spellingorunusualkanji(ChinesecharactersintheJapaneselanguage).AllnameshadtobeeasytosayandfamiliarinbothJapaneseandEnglish.JohnMcCrackenCompanygeneralmanager,27(American)Myson’snameisAiden.InpartbecausemywifeandImetinuniversityandasshewasstudyingIrishhistoryandIhavesomelinkstoScotlandandIreland,IwantedauniqueGaelic(蓋爾族的)name.WesettledforAidenaswefoundkanjithatcanbeusedinJapanthatmeans“legendaryhero”PaulaMurakamiCollegewomen’sAssociationofJapan,53(American)Myhusbandwasveryexcitedaboutchoosingnames,soIdecidedtolethimchoose.HewantedtheirfirstnamestobeJapaneseandcampupwithnamesthatincludedthekanjicharacterinhisownname.Ourboys,HirokiandKenta,neverhadanyproblemswhilelivingontheU.S.WestCoastwithJapanesenames,andIthinkbothaschildrenandasadults,theylovetheirnames.JeffRuizRecordingengineer,42(Mexican)Myson’snameisLenny.Mywifechoseittogetherwithmeaswewerelookingforanamethatworksinbothworlds—mineinMexico,andhersinJapan—andthenameLennyiscommoneverywhere.InJapanesewewritethenameinkatakanaasthatiseasyforJapanesepeoplewhoseemtolikenamesintwoorthreecharacters.24.Whatdoweknowaboutthepeoplementionedinthepassage?A.Nicoleandherhusbandhadanagreementonhowtonamethechildren.B.JeffwillremaininJapanashiswifeisnotusedtoMexicanlife.C.ThefourcoupleshavedecidedtolivewiththechildreninJapanforever.D.PaulaandherfamilywouldlovetoliveontheU.S.WestCoast.25.Whichofthefollowingdoestheunderlinedword“katakana”mean?A.AJapanesesystemofgrammar.B.AwayofwritingtheJapaneselanguage.C.AJapanesewordwhichmeans“name”.D.AnamepopularwithJapanesepeople.26.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.NicoleandherJapanesehusbandhaveadaughtera