Unit1Art第一部分教學設計說明Aboutthetopicandthestructures單元話題和結構本單元的話題是Art/藝術，介紹了繪畫和西方繪畫史。單元句法項目是虛擬語氣（1）。藝術是人類以情感和想象為特性，來把握和反映世界，表示對世界及自身，對二者關系的看法的一種特殊方式。教學設計在單元課時劃分上與課本保持一致，即“閱讀課、知識課、運用課三課時/三課型劃分”。但在實際教學過程中，我們建議教師依據學生基礎、教學條件、學校安排的因素，對課本、對教學設計重新劃分課時、裁剪、拼接使用我們提供的材料，以便“物盡所用”，達到最佳教學效果。教師也可以參照我們提出的“實際教學過程課時劃分建議”進行教學。Period1Reading閱讀課WarmingUp引導學生Warmingupbydefiningartist，bytalkingaboutChinesepainting或者bylookingandsayingaboutChinese，激發背景、學生相關詞匯和句法結構，為閱讀作好準備。根據表現手段和方式的不同，藝術可分為：表演藝術（音樂、舞蹈等），造型藝術（繪畫、雕塑、建筑藝術等），視聽藝術（電影，電視等），語言藝術（文學等），綜合藝術（戲劇、攝影等）。比較新的分法，則根據時空性質將藝術分為：時間藝術，空間藝術，綜合藝術。Pre-reading要求學生回答有關“galleries”和“西方藝術家”方面的問題，呈現自己對“藝術”的認識和了解，為閱讀做心理的鋪墊和準備。下列是常見的藝術類別：建筑，文學，音樂，戲劇，舞蹈，魔術，戲曲曲藝，雜技，電影，電視，攝影，廣播，美術，繪畫，油畫，中國畫，水粉畫，水彩畫，素描，版畫，木刻，水印，絲網，銅版，石版，書法，雕塑，木雕，泥塑，石雕，金屬雕塑，篆刻，陶藝，裝置藝術，行為藝術。Reading“西方繪畫簡史”是篇說明文，簡要說明了西方繪畫的發展歷程和代表人物。教師可以參考我們提供的如下步驟：Readingandunderlining，Explainingdifficultpoints，Readingandtransferring，Readingtodecideonthetypeofwritingandsummaryoftheideas，Retellingthetext和Closingdownbytakingaquiz引導學生從形式和內容兩方面閱讀本文，提高對說明文文體的認識。同時了解：繪畫是一種在二維的平面上以手工方式臨摹自然的藝術，在中世紀的歐洲，常把繪畫稱作“猴子的藝術”，因為如同猴子喜歡模仿人類活動一樣，繪畫也是模仿場景。在20世紀以前，繪畫模仿的越真實技術越高超，但進入20世紀，隨著攝影技術的出現和發展，繪畫開始轉向表現畫家主觀自我的方向，看到一幅畫鑒賞家有時已經說不清畫的是什么，但一定能說出是誰畫的。每個畫家開始發展自己獨特的風格。Period2Learningaboutlanguage知識課Learningaboutlanguage第一、三部分是詞法訓練，強化學生對本單元重點詞匯、短語的掌握和實用；第二部分是句法訓練，進一步強化學生對英語“虛擬語氣（1）”的理解和運用。為了使學生對虛擬語氣用法有一個清晰完整的理解，建議有關語法講解全部放在本單元，第二單元主要注重通過練習鞏固強化。Period3Usinglanguage運用課Usinglanguage重點閱讀“Manhattan最佳藝術畫廊”，可以補充“名畫鑒賞”：達芬奇自畫像，天上的愛與世間的愛，巖間圣母，圣母升天，蒙娜麗莎，泉，最后的晚餐，土耳其浴場，創造亞當，美麗的女園丁。“聽、討論、寫”依然圍繞“畫廊”展開。實際教學過程課時劃分建議Period1將WarmingUp、Pre-reading、Reading和Comprehending整合在一起上一節“閱讀課”。Period2將Learningaboutlanguage和Workbook中的USINGWORDSANDEXPRESSIONS、USINGSTRUCTURES整合在一起上一節“語言知識課”。Period3將Usinglanguage設計為一節包括聽說讀寫單項技能或組合技能訓練的“綜合技能課（一）”。Period4將Workbook的READINGANDLISTENING和TALKING整合在一起上一節“聽說課”。Period5將Workbook的LISTENINGTASK、READINGANDWRITINGTASK和SPEAKINGTASK整合為一節“綜合技能課（二）”。第二部分教學資源說明Section1Background背景圍繞單元話題“藝術”我們提供了若干實用性背景材料。這些材料既可以作為教師教學參考材料為教師所用，也可以直接或改寫、重組后作為課堂內外的拓展性閱讀材料呈現給學生。Section2Explanation解析重點針對“閱讀課型”中的課文難句，我們提供了詳盡的，就句論句的解析和翻譯，并且以解析的焦點話題為線索，進行了一定的歸納、辨析和總結，以幫助教師更好地實施“語言形式”的教學。Section3Vocabulary詞匯按照課本單元詞匯表順序，我們重點提供動詞、短語搭配的講解。所提供的例句，經典、地道、實用、易懂，完全可以直接用于教學。第三部分教學測評說明圍繞單元詞法、句法項目，我們提供了長短不一的“單元教學測評”，并備有參考答案供教師使用。有些測評題目直接源于歷年高考試卷，更具有說服力和實用性。Part1TeachingDesign第一部分教學設計Period1Asamplelessonplanforreading(ASHORTHISTORYOFWESTERNPAINTING)IntroductionInthisperiod,afterthewarmingup,studentswillfirstbeguidedtotalkaboutgalleries。Thentheyshallreadanexpositorypiecebyreadingandunderlining,explainingdifficultpoints,readingandtransferring,readingtodecideonthetypeofwritingandsummaryoftheideas,retellingthetext.Theperiodwillbeendedbystudentstakingaquiz.ObjectivesTohelpstudentslearntomakereferenceTohelpstudentslearntoreadanexpositionaboutwesternpaintingTohelpstudentsbetterunderstand“art”TohelpstudentslearntousesomeimportantwordsandexpressionsTohelpstudentsidentifyexamplesof“SubjunctiveMood(1)IwishIcould/did/would…IfIdid…,Iwoulddo…”inthetextFocusWordsfocus,convince,attempt,predictExpressionsfocuson,agreatdeal,scoresofPatternsIftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscovered,peoplewouldnothavebeenabletopaintsuchrealisticpictures.Iftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscovered,peoplewouldnothavebeenabletopaintsuchrealisticpictures.DuringtheRenaissanceoilpaintswerealsodeveloped,whichmadecolourslookricheranddeeper.Butwithouttheimpressionistsmanyofthesepaintingstyleswouldnotexist.Thepainterdoesnotattempttopaintobjectsasweseethemwithoureyes…Whenyouwalkintothegalleryyoufeellikeyouareinsideahugewhiteseashell.AidsMultimediafacilities,tape-recorder,photos,diagramsProcedures1.Warmingup⑴WarmingupbytalkingaboutwhatpainingisHello,everyone.TodayweshallreadapassageentitledASHORTHISTORYOFWESTERNPAINTING.Butfirstwhatdoyouknowaboutpainting?Couldanyonestanduptotelltheclasssomethingaboutpainting?Paintinghasexistedasanartistictraditionforthousandofyears.FromthecavepaintingofLascauxtothegreat,masterpiecesofDaVinciithasplayedahistoricalandaestheticroleinthedifferentagesofexistence.Schoolsofpaintingweredevelopedaswellasmanyvarioustextsdiscussingtheartform.Severalstylesofpaintinghavecomeintobeing.Historical,allegorical,religious,portraiture,landscapeandstilllifearealldifferentformsofpaintingthathavedevelopedovertheyears.⑵WarmingupbytalkingaboutChinesepaintingBeforewereadaboutthewesternpaintinglet’stalkabitaboutChinesepainting.HowmuchdoyouknowaboutChinesepainting?HaveyoueverseenanyfamousChinesepaintings?YoumayusewordslikeChinesePaint,Wallpaintings,thehangingscroll,aestheticvaluesandtastestoexpressyourviews.ChinesePaintisveryfamousintheworld.WeknowfromtextualandarchaeologicalsourcesthatpaintingwaspracticedinChinafromveryearlytimesandinavarietyofmedia.WallpaintingswereproducedingreatnumbersintheearlyperiodofChina’shistory,butbecausesolittleearlyarchitectureinChinaremainedintactoverthecenturies,fewoftheselarge-scalepaintingshavesurvived.Paintingswerealsooftendoneonscreens,whichservedinasenseasportablewalls,butthesetoohavenotsurvived.FromtheSongdynastyonwards,paintingsinavarietyofothermoreportableformats,suchasthehangingscrollandthehandscroll,werecollectedandpassedontolatergenerationsinsignificantquantities.Intheirdetailsofeverydaylifeandsocialcustoms,thesepaintingsoftenprovideinformationunavailablefromwrittentexts.Manypaintingsareespeciallyinterestingtohistoriansbecausetheycanhelpusimaginewhatlifelookedlikeinearlierperiods.Furthermore,becausepaintingsofthisperiodhavecometobeviewedasoneofthehighestculturalachievementsinChina'shistory,theyprovidevaluableinsightintoaestheticvaluesandtastesthatwouldhavelastingimpactonlaterartistsandconnoisseurs.⑶WarmingupbylookingatandsayingaboutMonaLisaHello,class.Beforewereadaboutwesternpainting,weshalllookatoneofthemasterpiecesbyoneofthewesternpainters.MonaLisa,orLaGioconda(LaJoconde),isa16th-centuryoilpaintingonpoplarwoodbyLeonardodaVinci,andisarguablythemostfamouspaintingintheworld.Fewworksofarthavebeensubjecttoasmuchscrutiny,study,mythologizingandparody.ItisownedbytheFrenchgovernmentandhangsintheMuséeduLouvreinParis.Thepainting,ahalf-lengthportrait,depictsawomanwhosegazemeetstheviewer'swithanexpressionoftendescribedasenigmatic.2.Pre-readingbytalkingaboutgalleriesDoyouknowthewordgallery?Howmuchdoyouknowaboutagallery? aroomorseriesofroomswhereworksofartareexhibitedalongusuallynarrowroomusedforsomespecificpurpose;"shootinggallery"●aplacewhereartisshownorsold.3.Reading⑴Reading,underliningandwritingWearegoingtoreadthetextASHORTHISTORYOFWESTERNPAINTING.Butfirstlet’sreadittotherecordingandunderlinealltheusefulexpressionsatthesametime.ExpressionsfromASHORTHISTORYOFWESTERNPAINTINGbeinfluencedby…,followasimilarway,describe…inashorttext,representreligiousterms,show…asitis,createrespectandlovefor…,paintreligiousscenes,taketheplaceof…,becomefocusedon…,returnto…,paintpeopleastheyare,collectartfor…,paintpicturesof…,draw…inperspective,lookthroughaholeinthewall,paintrealisticpictures,make…lookricheranddeeper,changeagreatdeal,movefrom…to…,breakawayfrom…,fallon…,atdifferenttimesoftheday,becomeangryabout…,beacceptedas…,scoresof…,see…withone’seyes,concentrateon…,ontheotherhand⑵ExplainingdifficultpointsNowlet’shaveaquestionandanswerperiod.Arethereanypointsyoudonotunderstand？Putyourquestionstomeandlet’sdiscussthem.Lifeisshort;artislongGoodworktakesalongtimetoaccomplish.TheearliestversionofthisfamoussayingthatweknowofisbythegreatGreekmedicaldoctorHippocrates.ItwasrepeatedbymanyartistsandwritersincludingSeneca,GeoffreyChaucer,Goethe,Longfellow,andBrowning.⑶ReadingandtransferringWeshallgooverthetextonceagainbyskimmingittocompletethetablebelow.Whatweretheylike?ArtistsofTheMiddleAgesArtistsofTheRenaissanceArtistsofImpressionismArtistsofModernTime⑷ReadingtodecideonthetypeofwritingandsummaryofthetextTypeofwritingThisisapieceofdescriptivewriting.Topicsentenceof1stparagraphThestylesofWesternarthaschangedmanytimes,whileChinesearthaschangedlessoften.Topicsentenceof2ndparagraphDuringtheMiddleAges,themainaimofpainterwastorepresentreligiousthemes.Topicsentenceof3rdparagraphIntheRenaissance,painterstriedtopaintpeopleandnatureastheyreallywere.Topicsentenceof4thparagraphFromlate19thtoearly20thcentury,theimpressionistpainterswantedtoshowhowlightandshadowfellonobjects.Topicsentenceof5thparagraphFrom20thcenturytonow,therehaveappearedscoresofmodernartandstyles.(5)MakingadiagramofthetextWehavecometounderstandtheideasofthepassage.Nowit’stimetolookintoitsorganization.Goaheadtoreadthetextonceagaintomakeadiagramofit,ok?MainStylesofWesternPaintingMainStylesofWesternPaintingModernart(20thcenturytotoday)Impressionism(late19Modernart(20thcenturytotoday)Impressionism(late19thtoearly20thcentury)TheRenaissance(15thto16thcentury)TheMiddleAges(5thto15thcenturyADchangedmanytimesobjectqualitiesabstract;realisticoutdoorobjectschangedwithlighthumans;thingsdrawninperspectivereligiousthemeschangedmanytimesobjectqualitiesabstract;realisticoutdoorobjectschangedwithlighthumans;thingsdrawninperspectivereligiousthemes(6)RetellingthetextYouaregoingtoretellthetextinyourownwordswiththehelpofthediagramjustfinished.(7)WritingashortpassageofyourownNowyouaregoingtowriteashortpassagemakinguseoftheunderlinedexpressionsafterclass.4.ClosingdownbytakingaquizToendthisperiodyouaretotakeaquiz.Fillintheblankwithonewordtocompletethesummaryofthetext.ImpressionismThehistoryofmodernartstartedwith1_____.ItallbeganinParisasareactiontoaveryformalstyleofpainting-doneinsidestudios2_____setbytraditionalschoolsliketheAcademiedesBeaux-Artsin3_____.TheshowofEdouardManet'sfamouspainting,Dejeunersurl'herbe,4_____1863intheSalondesRefuses(organized