Book3Unit2WordsandExpressions導學案一、詞性轉換illustrate；vt.(舉例)說明；闡明；給(書或文章加插圖-illustrationn.例證；說明；(書籍、文章等中的)插圖，圖解一illustratorn.插圖畫家；說明者marryv.結婚,娶，嫁一marriagen.結婚；婚姻majoradj.主要的；重要的；大的n.主修課程；主修學生vi.主修；專門研究—majorityn.大部分；大多數respondvt.回答；回復vi做出反應；回應一responsen.回答scholarn.學者一scholarshipn.獎學金rejectvt.拒絕接受；不錄用一；rejectionn,拒絕接受；否決appointvt.任命；委派一appointedadj.指定的；約定的一叩pointmentn.約見，約會electvt.選舉；推選一electionn.選舉；推選；當選tendvt照顧;照料vi.傾向；趨于—tendencyn.趨勢；傾向retirevi.&vt.退休；退職；退出一retirementn.退休—retireen.退休人員；退休者scarevt.驚嚇；使害怕vi,受驚嚇一scaredadj.害怕的；對感到驚慌或恐懼的一scaryadj.恐怖的；嚇人的insurevt.給買保險,為投保一insurancen.保險；保險業replacevt.接替；取代；更換一；replacementn.代替(者)；替換(物)operatevi.運轉；運作vt.操作—operatorn.操作員；接線員—operationn.手術；企業；經營assistvt.幫助；援助一assistantn.助手；助理一assistancen.幫助；援助tenseadj.緊張的；拉緊的一tenselyadv.緊張地一tensionn.緊張關系；緊張；焦慮harmn.&vt.傷害；損害一harmfuladj.有害的一harmlessadj.無害的flexibleadj.靈活的；可變通的一flexiblyadv.靈活地；易適應地一flexibilityn.柔韌性；靈活性二、練習Thisgraph(illustrate)theresultoftheexperiment.Allherchildren's(marry)endedindivorce.Thepilotsaidtheplanedidnot(response)tothecontrols.Thoughthe(major)is/areagainsttheplan,thebossstillhopestocarryitoutnextyear.Mathewappliedfora(scholar)tostudyphilosophyatOxford.Hekeepsapplyingforjobsbutconstant(reject)havediscouragedhim.Linda(appoint)tothecommitteerecently.The(elect)campaignheatedupinthatstate.Ihavea(tend)totalktoomuchwhenFmnervous.Boscohasnoplansto(retire)aseditorofthemagazine.Thisisthe(scare)storyIhaveeverheardinmylife!Whenthewifegotkilled,herhusband,themurderer,wasexpectingtoreceive$50,000in(insure).Personally,Ithinkstoreshoppingwillexistalongwithonlineshoppingandwillnever(replace).Thedoctoradvisedanimmediate(operate).Despitehiscries,noonecametohis(assist).Shesatthere(tense),waitingforthetestresult.Thebullet(子彈)strucka(harm)oldmanFreshmenmustrespond(flexible)toawiderangeofchallengesoncampus.三、知識點Atage18,insteadoffollowingthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethemajorityofgirls,shechosetostudymedicine.(pl6L10)marriagen.結婚;婚姻e.g.Theyhadalongandhappymarriage.他們的婚姻長久而幸福。詞語積累：marrysb(和某人)結婚；娶；嫁marriedadj.已婚的；結婚的bemarried(tosb)(與結婚)【表狀態】getmarried(tosb)(與結婚)【表動作】練習：Thesurvey［調查］showsthattwo-thirdsof(marry)womeneamlessthantheirhusband.Atage18,insteadoffollowingthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethemajorityofgirls,shechosetostudymedicine.(pl6L10)majorityn.大部分；大多數themajorityof...大多數(謂語動詞的單復數取決于介詞of后的名詞)Themajorityofpeoplewholiveinthistownhaveprivatecars.居住在這個鎮上的大多數人都有私家車。majoradj.主要的，重要的，大的n.專業vi.主修majorin主修單句語法填空/完成句子.The(major)ofthecitizensinthatregionhavebeenaffectedbysocialmedia..Anagreement(協'議)seemstobeimpossiblebecausethemajorityofthecommitteemembers(be)againstit..One-thirdofthecountryiscoveredwithgrassand(大多數)thecitizensliveintents..IncollegeI(主修)NaturalScience.Whatwasyourmajor?“Whyshouldgirlslearnsomuch?Findingagoodhusbandshouldbetheirfinalgoal!,,herbrothercomplained,thinkingofthehightuitionfees.(pl6L12)complainvi.&vt.抱怨；發牢騷complaintosb.aboutsth.向某人抱怨某事complain(tosb.)that+句子(向某人)抱怨complaintn.抱怨makeacomplainttosb.aboutsth.向某人抱怨某事Shecomplainedtomeabouthisrudebehaviour.她向我抱怨他的粗魯行為。MrsJonescomplainedtothedoctorthatherbackalwayshurtsher.瓊斯太太向醫生訴說她總是背痛。單句語法填空/完成句子Lotsofpeoplehavecomplainedthenoise.Iftheservicewassobadwhydidn'tyoucomplainthemanager?Pvemadea(complain)tothepoliceaboutthenoise.She(向我抱怨說)noonecouldtellherthefeatureofthehouse.Sheresponded,"Tdratherstaysingletostudyallmylife!?,(pl6L15)respond近.回答；回復行.做出反應；回應respondtosb/sth回答，回復；對做出反應Theteacherrespondedyestothequestionthatstudentputforward.老師對那個學生提出的問題作了肯定的回答。Thepolicerespondtoemergenciesinjustafewminutes.緊急事件發生時，警察在短短幾分鐘內就會作出反應。詞語積累：responsen.反應；回答；回復inresponseto作為對的答復/反應makearesponse(to...)(對)做出回應/反應單句語法填空/完成句子Afterall,knowingbasicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklyemergencies.Hemadeno(respond)tomyquestion,andwentonwithhismovie.DrLin,however,rejectedtheoffer.Shewantedtoservethewomenandchildrenathome.(pl6L24)reject以拒絕接受；不錄用rejectionn.拒絕接受；否決Hewantedtojointhearmybutwasrejectedbecauseofhispoorhealth.他想參軍，但因身體欠佳未被錄用。Theprimeminister(首相)rejectedthesuggestionthatpeopleshouldspendmoremoneyonthedevelopmentofeconomy.首相拒絕接受人們應該花更多錢在發展經濟的這條建議。單句語法填空/完成句子/辨析填空(reject/refiise)□He(reject)fromthefactorybecauseoflaziness.□Althoughwritinga(reject)lettercanbedifficult,therearesituationswhereit'sabsolutelynecessary.□Iabsolutely(refuse/reject)totakepartinanythingthafsillegal.Shewasmoreinterestedintendingpatients,publishingmedicalresearchoncareforwomenandchildren,andtrainingthenextgenerationofdoctors.(pl7L3)6.tend證照顧;照料應?傾向；趨于tend(to)sb./sth.照料/護理某人；照管某物tendtodosth.易于做某事，往往會發生某事Shetendedherhusbandcarefullyduringhisillness.她丈夫生病期間，她無微不至地照顧他。Peopletendtogetfatwhentheygrowolder.人們年紀大時往往會發胖。單句語法填空/完成句子□Typically,peopletend(make)mistakeswhentired.□Ihaveatendency(talk)toomuchwhennervous.□People(往往需要)lesssleepastheygetolder.□Thedoctorsandnursesinthishospital(照顧病人)patiently.DrLindidnotretireuntilthedayshedied,22April1983.(pl7Lll)retirevi.&vt.退休；退職；(因傷)退出(比賽等)retirefrom…從退休retireas…從職位上退休retirefromoffice/service退職/退役Sinceretiringfromthecompany,shehasdonevoluntaryworkforacharity.從公司退休后，她就一直在為一家慈善機構做志愿工作。Hewantstoretireasthegreatestbasketballplayerwhoeverlived.他想有一天退休，成為有史以來最偉大的籃球運動員。詞語積累：retiredadj.退休的，退職的aretiredteacher一位退休教師retirementn.退休，退職takeearlyretirement提前退休單句語法填空/完成句子□Hehasagreedtostruggleon,thoughhehopestoretirehisposition.□Theywillholdapartyincelebrationofher(retire).□Theotherdaya(retire)couplecametomyoffice.WhatisthemainprincipleguidingDr.Linthroughthechoicesinherlife?(pl7Act.3QI)principle〃?道德原則；法則；原則inprinciple原則上；大體上sticktotheprinciples堅持原則□Inprinciple,weusuallydon!tallowanydiscount.原則上，我們一般是不給折扣的。Shewassoscaredduringtheinterviewthatshecompletelyforgothowsheshouldrespondtothequestions.(pl7Act.4Q2)scared時.害怕的;對??????感到驚慌或恐懼的bescaredof(doing)sth.害怕(做)某物bescaredtodosth.害怕去做某事bescaredthat…害怕He'sscaredofspiders.他害怕蜘蛛。Pmscaredoftellingherwhatreallyhappened.我害怕告訴她事情的真相。Pmscaredtogooutatnightalone.我害怕晚上一個人單獨出去。詞語積累：(l)scarevt.驚嚇；使害怕vi.受驚嚇n.驚嚇scaresb.todeath把某人嚇得要死(2)scaryadj.恐怖的，嚇人的ascarymovie恐怖電影□Whenwearegettingexcited,angryor(scare),ourbodiesalsogothroughmanyphysicalchanges.□Theatmospherewasandwefeltstayingintheroom,(scare)ManyAmericanscomplainedaboutthesharpincreaseinthecostofhealthcareandhealthinsurancerecently,(pl7Act.4Q3)sharp4的.(增長、下跌等)急劇的；鋒利的；明顯的asharpdropintheprices價格asharpknife——把刀asharpcontrast對比sharpeyes視力詞語積累：sharplyadv.急劇地，大幅度地；嚴厲地，毫不客氣地(2)sharpenvt(使)變得鋒利Oneoftheadvantagesofhiringenergeticandpositiveyoungpeopleisthattheytendtoshowinterestintheirworkandtheyareeagertolearn,(pl7Act.4Q4)11.energetic。力?.精力充沛的；充滿活力的詞語積累：energyn.活力，精力；能源befullofenergy精力充沛havetheenergytodosth.有精力做某事Youarealways(精力充沛的).Canyoutellmethesecret?ThestudentunionwillholdaspecialmeetinginJanuarytoretiresomeonetoreplacethesecretary.(p17Act.4Q5)12.replace”接替；取代；更換replaceAwith/byB用B代替A□Thefactoryreplacedmostofitsworkerswithrobots.這家工廠用機器人取代了大多數工人。單句語法填空/同義句轉換□Hereplacedthepuddingmashedpotatoes.□Itisstillunderdiscussionwhethertheoldbusstationshould(replace)withamodemhotelornot.Thereissomethingwrongwithmybike,soIdecidetoreplaceitwithanewone.—Thereissomethingwrongwithmybike,soIdecidetouseanewoneit.Hearingthathiswifehadbeeninjuredinanaccident,MrJohnsonhurriedtothehospital.(pl8Act.2QI)13.accidentn.事故；車禍；失事高頻詞塊acar/roadaccident車禍/交通事故byaccident偶然地；意外地Ideletedthefilebyaccident.(口頭翻譯)Duringtheoperation,shesatinthewaitingroomfbroveranhourworryingabouthim.(pl8Act.2Q2)operationn.手術；企業；經營常用詞塊：do/perfonnanoperation(onsb.)(給某人)做手術inoperation工作中；有效ooperation實施詞語積累：operatevi.運轉；動手術vt.操作operatorn.操作員，經營者單句語法填空□Thenursetendedtheboysocarefullythatherecoveredfromhisheart(operate)soon.□Thenewruleswillbeoperationsoon.Toourgreatjoy9thenewmachineisreallyeasy(operate).

AfterDr.Bethune'sdeath,ChairmanMaoZedongwroteanarticleinmemoryofhim,inwhichhepraisedDrBethuneasaherotorememberedinChina.(pl8Act.3L16)15.memory記憶力；回憶高頻詞塊inmemoryof作為對的紀念haveagood/badmemory(for)記憶力好/差Hefoundedthecharityinmemoryofhislatewife.他興辦那個慈善機構以紀念他已故的妻子。Hehasabadmemoryfordates.他對日期的記憶力很差。單句語法填空/完成句子Shehasexcellentmemoryfornames,whichhelpsheralotinhercommercialwork.HuangJiajumadeupasongGloriousYearsmemoryofNelsonMandela.Thelibraiywasbuilt(為了Z己念)thosewhocarriedourcountrythroughthehardship.Shepickedherselfupandlimpedawayintears.(p20L12)tearn.眼淚；淚水v.撕掉/te^r/高頻詞塊earsofregret/happiness/joy/laughter惋惜/高興/喜悅/歡笑的淚水burstintotears突然哭了起來intears=流著淚；含著淚Istherenooneinthisvillagewhofeelsanyresponsibilitytokeeptheirneighboursfromharm?(p20L16)harmn.&vt.傷害；損害高頻詞塊:beofgreatharm危害極大的doharmtosb./sth.(=dosb./sth.harm)對某人/某物有害Thereisnoharmin(one's)doingsth.=Thereisnoharm(fbrsb.)todosth.(某人)做某事無妨/無害詞語積累：harmfuladj.有害的beharmfulto...對有害/harmlessadj.無害的beharmlessto...對...無害Trytochooseproductsthatdotheleastharmtheenvironment.Stayinguptoooftenwillbegreathanntopeople'shealth.Thereisnoharmeatingmorefish,whichisbeneficialtoourhealth.Mostchildrenarefondofsweetsbuttheymaybe(harm)totheirteeth.Afteragreatdealofeffort,shefinallysucceededinmovingittothesideofthestreet.(p20L22)18.agreatdeal(of)大量修飾不可數名詞后接可數名詞：后接不可數名詞：后接可數或不可數：.四、重點短語hearofhearofbeeagertodosth.allthetimepayattentiontodisagreewith8.要求得到beconfusedabouthearofbeeagertodosth.allthetimepayattentiontodisagreewith8.要求得到hearofbeeagertodosth.allthetimepayattentiontodisagreewith8.要求得到beconfusedabout.總是，一直.注意，專注于.不贊同.對困惑、疑惑7,對.……確信、肯定

besureabout□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□過去；曾經□□□□□□□□□□disguiseoneselfcrashintopickoneselfupafterawhilecomealongtripoverlimpawayinplainaboutmakeanattempttodoindespairfeelresponsibilitytodokeepsb./sth.fromharmjustthensaytooneselfbeadangertosb.afterdarkoutofthewaywithallone*smightagreatdealofsucceedindoingstepoutbelongtosb.五、短語填空askforaskforcar