AC交流電

Alternatingcurrent

Amorphoussiliconsolarcell非晶硅太陽能電池

Thin-filmsolarcellsareusuallyproducedbyevaporatingseveralsemi-conductorfilmsontoaso-called"substrate"

Ampère安培

Unitindicatingthestrengthofelectriccurrent

Assemblingsystem集成系統(tǒng)

Systemtoinstallsolarmodulesonroofs,fa?adesorinthefield.

Azimuthangle方位角

DescribesthedeviationfromtheSouthtowardsEast-westerndirection

Building-integratedPV(BIPV)

UsedtodescribeastructurewherePVreplacesconventionalmaterialsandisintegratedintothebuilding.Typically,aphotovoltaicarrayisincorporatedintotherooforwallsofabuilding.RooftileswithintegratedPVcellscannowbepurchased.Arrayscanalsoberetrofittedintoexistingbuildings;inthiscasetheyareusuallyfittedontopoftheexistingroofstructure.Alternatively,anarraycanbelocatedseparatelyfromthebuildingbutconnectedbycabletosupplypowerforthebuilding.

By-passdiode旁路二極管

Conductstheelectricityautomaticallypastamoduleincaseitisshadowedinoneseries.Thisissupposedtopreventanydestructionduetooverheating.

Circuit電路

Asystemofconductorsthatconveyelectricity.

CdTesolarcell碲化鎘太陽能電池

Thin-filmsolarcellmadeofverythinCdTesemi-conductorfilms(<3microns)

CISsolarcell

Thin-filmsolarcellmadeofseveralfilmsofdifferentlydopedcopper-indium-diselenide

Circuitbreaker斷路開關(guān)

Asafetydevicethatshutsoffpowerwhenitsensestoomuchcurrent.

Combinerbox和路箱

WheretheelectricalwiringfromthePVmodulesisjoinedtogetherinparalleltocombineelectricalcurrents.

Conductor導(dǎo)體

Amaterialthatisusedtoconveyelectricity,i.e.wires.

Conversionefficiency轉(zhuǎn)換效率

Thepercentageofelectricitythatiscreatedbyasolarcellascomparedtotheamountofenergyneededtogeneratethatelectricity.

Current電流

Theflowofelectricitybetweentwopoints.Measuredinamps.

DC直流電

Directcurrent

Energeticamortizationperiod能量償還期

Periodoftimeaphotovoltaicsystemrequirestoproducetheenergyrequiredforproduction.

Efficiency功率

Theratioofoutputenergytoinputenergy.

Electricalgrid電網(wǎng)

Alargedistributionnetworkthatdeliverselectricityoverawidearea.

Electrode電極

Aconductorusedtoleadcurrentintooroutofanonmetallicpartofacircuit.

Energy能量

Usablepower.MeasuredinkWh.

Energyaudit能量審核

Aprocessthatdetermineshowmuchenergyyouuseinyourhouseorapartment.

Energyyield能量輸出

ElectricenergyindicatedinkWhyieldedbyaphotovoltaicsystem

ENS

Equipmenttocontrolthegridwithattributedall-polecontrolelementinseries.TheENSincludesaredundantvoltageandfrequencycontroloftheelectricitygridandevaluatesanyleapsascertainedinthegridimpedance.Ifthesetlimitsareexceeded,theENSwillswitchofftheinverter.Whenthelinevoltageisre-established,theinverterwillrestartoperationautomatically.

Europeanefficiencyrate

Weightedefficiencyrateiscalculatedbyweightingdifferentpartialloadefficiencyratesandthefull-loadefficiencyrateinlinewiththefrequencyoftheirappearance.

Facadesystem正面系統(tǒng)

Photovoltaicsysteminstalledonthefacadeofabuildingoranintegralpartofafacade.

Feed-inmeter輸入計(jì)

Measuringinstrumentforthesupplyofelectricenergyintothepublicpowergrid(unitinkWh)Mismatchinginterconnectionofbetterandworsemodulesinonestringasaconsequenceofwhichtheworstmoduleofoneseriesdeterminestheelectricity.

Fieldsystem野外系統(tǒng)

Photovoltaicsysteminstalledinafield

Flat-roofsystem平臺屋頂系統(tǒng)

Photovoltaicsysteminstalledonaflatroof.

Fossilfuels礦物燃料

Fuelsthatareformedundergroundfromtheremainsofdeadplantsandanimals.i.e.oil,naturalgas,andcoalarefossilfuels.

Globalradiation總輻射

Sumofdiffuse,directandreflectedsolarradiationontoahorizontalsurface.

Greenhouseeffect溫室效應(yīng)

WhenheatfromthesunbecomestrappedintheEarth'satmosphereduetocertaingases.

Greenhousegases溫室氣體

ThegasesresponsiblefortrappingheatfromthesunwithintheEarth'satmosphere.i.e.watervapor,carbondioxide,methane,ozone,chlorofluorocarbons,andnitrogenoxides.

Grid電網(wǎng)

Adistributionnetwork,includingtowers,poles,andwiresthatautilityusestodeliverelectricity.

Grid-connectedPVsystem并網(wǎng)光伏系統(tǒng)

Whentheelectricitygridisavailablebutelectricityfromacleansource(solar)isdesired,solarpanelscanbeconnectedtothegrid.Providedthatsufficientpanelsareplaced,theappliancesinthehouse/buildingwillthenrunonsolarelectricity.Agrid-connectedsolarelectricitysystembasicallyconsistsofoneormoresolarpanels,aninverter,cables,theelectricloadandasupportstructuretomountthesolarpanels.

Hertz(HZ)赫茲

Thefrequencyofelectricalcurrentdescribedincyclespersecond,i.e.AppliancesintheUnitedStatesuse60HZ.

Inverter逆變器

ConvertstheDCoutputofthePVsystemintousableACoutputthatcanbefeddirectlyintothebuildingload.

Irradiance輻照度

theamountofsolarenergythatstrikesasurfaceduringaspecifictimeperiod.Measuredinkilowatts.

I-VcurveIV曲線

Agraphthatplotsthecurrentversusthevoltagefromthesolarcellastheelectricalload(orresistance)isincreasedfromshortcircuit(noload)toopencircuit(maximumvoltage).Theshapeofthecurvecharacterizingcellperformance.ThreeimportantpointsontheIVcurvearetheopen-circuitvoltage,short-circuitcurrent,andpeakormaximumpower(operating)point.JunctionboxThepointonasolarmodulewhereitconnects,orisstrung,toothersolarmodules.

In-roofinstallation鑲嵌屋頂系統(tǒng)

Photovoltaicsystemwhichisintegratedintotheroofcladding

Islandsystem獨(dú)立系統(tǒng)

Grid-independentpowersupplysystem

kWh–kilowatthour

Unitindicatingenergy/workandcorrespondingwiththeperformanceofonekilowattduringaperiodofonehour

kWp-Kilowattpeak

Unitindicatingthemaximumperformanceunderstandardtestconcitions(STC)

Load負(fù)載

Theamountofelectricaldemandusedinthebuildingatanygiventime.

Mono-crystallinesiliconsolarcell單晶硅太陽能系統(tǒng)

Basicrawmaterialisamonocrystaldrawnfrommeltedsilicon.

Multi-crystallinesiliconsolarcell多晶硅太陽能電池

Basicrawmaterialissolarsiliconcastinblocks.

NationalElectricalCode(NEC)國家電氣代碼

TheU.S.minimuminspectionrequirementsforalltypesofelectricalinstallations,includingsolarsystems.

NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(NEMA)國家電力生產(chǎn)商協(xié)會(huì)

TheU.S.tradeassociationthatdevelopsstandardsfortheelectricalmanufacturingindustry.

NRELTheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory國家可再生能源實(shí)驗(yàn)室

Anationallabthatconcentratesonstudyinganddevelopingrenewableenergysources.

Opencircuitvoltage開路電壓

MaximumvoltageinanelectriccircuitwhichisgeneratedwhentheelectricityIequalszero(dependingontermperature).

Performanceguarantee性能質(zhì)保

Extendedguaranteeofthemoduleproducerfortheperformanceofthesolarmodules.

Performancetolerance性能公差

Tolerancestatedbytheproducerwithregardstothenominalpower.

Poly-cristallinesolarcell多晶硅太陽能電池

Seemulti-crystallinesiliconsolarcell.

PSC電力供應(yīng)公司

Powersupplycompanies.

Peakload最大負(fù)荷

Thelargestamountofelectricitybeingusedatanyonepointduringtheday.

Photovoltaic(PV)光伏

theconversionoflightintoelectricity.Theterm"photo"comesfromtheGreek"phos,"meaninglight."Voltaic"isnamedforAlessandroVolta(1745-1827),apioneerinthestudyofelectricityforwhomtheterm"volt"wasnamed.Photovoltaics,then,means"lightelectricity."

Photovoltaic(PV)module光伏組件

Anumberofphotovoltaiccellselectricallyinterconnectedandmountedtogether,usuallyinasealedunitofconvenientsizeforshipping,handlingandassemblingintoarrays.Theterm"module"isoftenusedinterchangeablywiththeterm"panel.

Photovoltaicarray光伏陣列

Aninterconnectedsystemofsolarmodulesthatfunctionasasingleelectricity-producingunit.

Photovoltaiccell光伏電池（格）

Thisisthebasicunitofasolarmodulethatcollectsthesun'senergy.

Photovoltaicsystem光伏系統(tǒng)

Acompletesetofcomponentsthatconvertssunlightintousableelectricity.

Rectifier整流器

Transformsalternatingcurrentintodirectcurrent

Roofinclination屋頂傾斜度

Angleofarooftowardsthehorizontal

Ratedpower額定功率

Nominalpoweroutputofaninverter;someunitscannotproduceratedpowercontinuously.SemiconductorAmaterialthathasanelectricalconductivityinbetweenthatofametalandaninsulator.TypicalsemiconductorsforPVcellsincludesilicon,galliumarsenide,copperindiumdiselenide,andcadmiumelluride.

Short-circuitelectricity短路電流

Maximumelectricityinanelectriccircuit,whichisgeneratedwhenthevoltageUattheterminalsequalszero(proportionaltosolarradiation).

Solargenerator

Sumofsolarmodules.

Specificenergyyield能量生產(chǎn)率（比能率）

ElectricenergyindicatedinkWhandyieldedbyaphotovoltaicsystemdividedbytheinstalledperformance(kWp).

StandardTestConditions–STC標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測試條件

Generalconditionsunderwhichtheperfomanceofasolarmoduleismeasuredinalaboratory.Constantfactorsformeasuringare:Irradianceof1,000W/m25f;lightspectrumafterpenetrationof1.5folddensityoftheatmosphere(AM1,5);temperatureofthesolarcell25°C.

Supplymeter電源表

Measuringinstrumentforthesupplyofelectricenergyfromthepublicpowergrid(unitinkWh)

Termperaturecoefficient溫度系數(shù)