-區域化解 四級閱讀整體解題策略：區域解 2007.12textTheauthorwasdisappointedtofindthat Whatdoestheauthorintendtosaybytheexampleinthesecondparagraph?Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenwaitingtablesatof19?Whatdoestheauthorimplybysaying“...manyofmycustomersdidn’tgetthedifferencebetweenserverandservant”(Lines3-4,Para.7)?Theauthorsayss onedaytakeherclientstodinnerinorderto 2007.12textTheauthorwasdisappointedtofindthat Whatdoestheauthorintendtosaybytheexampleinthesecondparagraph?Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenwaitingtablesatof19?Whatdoestheauthorimplybysaying“...manyofmycustomersdidn’tgetthedifferencebetweenserverandservant”(Lines3-4,Para.7)?Theauthorsayss onedaytakeherclientstodinnerinorderto ①Likemost TheauthorwasdisappointedtofindI’velong thatIwillbejudgedbymyoccupation.ThatmyprofessionisagaugepeopleusetoseehowsmartortalentedIam.Recently,however,IwasdisappointedtoseethatitalsodecideshowI’mtreatedas.

one’spositionisusedasagaugetoone’s talentedpeoplelikehershouldfailtogetarespectablejobone’soccupationaffectsthewayonetreatedasprofessionalstendtolookdownuponmanual small-townreporterandtook someonepaidtoservefood people, sayanddothingstomeIthey’dneversayordototheirmostcasualacquaintances.Onenightamantalkingonhiswavedmeaway,thenbeckoned（示意）mebackwithhisfingeraminuater,complaininghewasreadytoorderandaskingwhereI’d

Whatdoestheauthorintendtosaybytheexampleinthesecondparagraph?Somecustomerssimplyshownorespecttothosewhoservethem.Peopleabsorbedinaphoneconversationtendtobeabsent-minded.WaitressesareoftentreatedcustomersascasualSomecustomersliketomakeloudcomplaintsfornoreasonatall.19④OnceIgraduatedItooka newspaper.Frommyfirstday,Iheardarespectfultonefromeveryonewhocalledme.Iassumedthiswasthewaytheprofessionalworldworked—⑤Isoonfoundoutdifferently.Isatseveralfeetawayfromanadvertisingsalesrepresentativewithasimilarname.OurcallswouldoftengetmixedupandsomeoneaskingforKristenwouldbetransferredtoChristie.Themistakewasimmediayevident.Perhapsitwasbecausemoneywasinvolved,butpeopleusedatonewithKristenthattheyneverusedwithme....manyofmycustomersdidn’tgetthedifferencebetweenserverandservantmycustomersdidn’tgetthedifferencebetweenserverandservant.⑦I’mnowapplyingtograduateschool,whichmeanssomedayI’llreturntoaprofessionwherepeopleneedtobenicetomeinordertogetwhattheywant.IthinkI’lltakethemtodinnerfirst,andseehowtheytreatsomeonewhoseonlyjobistoservethem.

Theauthorsayss onedaytakeherclientstodinnerinorderto A)seewhatkind they B)experiencethefeelingofbeing showhergenerositytowardspeopleinferiortoher arousetheirsympathypeoplelivingahumble Toidentifythetypesofthe（確定題型Tounderline

+題型：猜詞題②題型：態度題③mainidea題型：主旨題 WecanlearnfromthepassageAccordingtothepassage,wecanknowWecanconcludefromthepassage題型：推論題 實義動詞（動賓結構 （強對比but/however/still/yet/ y/onthecontrarybycontrast/incontrasttoontheonehand…ontheotherForonething…foranother

Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“Teenagersatriskofdepression,anxietyandsuicideoftenweartheirtroubleslikeaneonsign”(Line1-2,Para.1)?WhatisthefindingofthenewWhydotheresearchersrefertoteenswhousetonsofmedia,don’tgetenoughsleepandhaveasedentarylifestyleasthe“invisiblerisk”group?WhatdoesthenewstudyfindabouttheinvisibleWhatisthesignificanceofVladimirCarli’s Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“Teenagersatriskofdepression,anxietyandsuicideoftenweartheirtroubleslikeaneonsign”(Line1-2,Para.1)?WhatisthefindingofthenewWhydotheresearchersrefertoteenswhousetonsofmedia,don’tgetenoughsleepandhaveasedentarylifestyleasthe“invisiblerisk”WhatdoesthenewstudyfindabouttheinvisibleWhatisthesignificanceofVladimirCarli’s 1Teenagersatriskofdepressionanxietyandsuicideoftenweartheirtroubleslikeaneon(霓虹燈)signTheirriskybehaviors--drinkingmuchalcohol,usingillegaldrugs,smokingcigarettesand ertparentsandteachersthatseriousproblemsare2Butanewstudyfindsthatthere'sanothergroupofadolescentswhoareinnearlyasmuchdangerofexperiencingthesamesymptomsteenswhousetonsofmedia,don'tgetenoughsleepandhaveasedentary不愛活動的3Ofcourse,thatmaysoundlikeadescriptionofeveryteenagerontheplanet.Butthestudywarnsthatitisteenagerswhoengageinallthreeofthesepracticesintheextremewhoaretrulyinjeopardy.Becausetheirbehaviorsarenotusuallyseenasaredflag,theseyoungpeoplehavebeendubbedtheinvisibleriskgroupbythestudy'sauthors.4Insomewaysthey'reatgreaterriskoffallingthroughthecracks,saysresearcherVladimirCarli.Whilemostparents,teachersandclinicianswouldreacttoanadolescentusingdrugsorgettingdrunk,theymayeasilyoverlookteenagerswhoareengagingininconspicuousbehaviors.5Thestudy'sauthorssurveyed12,395studentsandyzednineriskbehaviorsincludingexcessivealcoholuseillegaldruguseheavysmokinghighmediauseandtruancy逃學Theiraimwastodeterminetherelationshipbetweentheseriskbehaviorsandmentalhealthissuesinteenagers.6About58%ofthestudentsdemonstratednoneorfewoftheriskbehaviors.Some13%scoredhighonallnineoftheriskbehaviors.And29%,theinvisibleriskgroup,scoredhighonthreeinparticular:Theyspentfivehoursadayormoreonelectronicdevices.Theysleptsixhoursanightorless.Andtheyneglectedotherhealthyactivities.7Thegroupthatscoredhighonallnineoftheriskbehaviorswasmostlikelytoshowsymptomsofdepression;inall,nearly15%ofthisgroupreportedbeingdepressed,comparedwithjust4%ofthelow-riskgroup.Buttheinvisiblegroupwasn'tfarbehindthehigh-riskset,withmorethan13%ofthemexhibitingdepression.8ThefindingscaughtCarlioffguard.Wewereverysurprised,hesays.Thehigh-riskgroupandlow-riskgroupareobvious.Butthisthirdgroupwasnotonlyunexpected,itwassodistinctandsolarge--nearlyonethirdofoursample--thatitbecameakeyfindingofthestudy.9Carlisaysthatoneofthemostsignificantthingsabouthisstudyisthatitprovidesnewearly-warningsignsforparents,teachersandmentalhealth-careproviders.Andearlyidentification,supportandtreatmentformentalhealthissues,hesays,arethebestwaystokeepthemfromturningintofull-blowndisorders. 1Teenagersatriskofdepressionanxietyandsuicideoftenweartheirtroubleslikeaneon(霓虹燈)signTheirriskybehaviors--drinkingmuchalcohol,usingillegaldrugs,smokingcigarettesand ertparentsandteachersthatseriousproblemsare2Butanewstudyfindsthatthere'sanothergroupofadolescentswhoareinnearlyasmuchdangerofexperiencingthesamesymptomsteenswhousetonsofmedia,don'tgetenoughsleepandhaveasedentary不愛活動的3Ofcourse,thatmaysoundlikeadescriptionofeveryteenagerontheplanet.Butthestudywarnsthatitisteenagerswhoengageinallthreeofthesepracticesintheextremewhoaretrulyinjeopardy.Becausetheirbehaviorsarenotusuallyseenasaredflag,theseyoungpeoplehavebeendubbedtheinvisibleriskgroupbythestudy'sauthors.4Insomewaysthey'reatgreaterriskoffallingthroughthecracks,saysresearcherVladimirCarli.Whilemostparents,teachersandclinicianswouldreacttoanadolescentusingdrugsorgettingdrunk,theymayeasilyoverlookteenagerswhoareengagingininconspicuousbehaviors.5Thestudy'sauthorssurveyed12,395studentsandyzednineriskbehaviorsincludingexcessivealcoholuseillegaldruguseheavysmokinghighmediauseandtruancy逃學Theiraimwastodeterminetherelationshipbetweentheseriskbehaviorsandmentalhealthissuesinteenagers.6About58%ofthestudentsdemonstratednoneorfewoftheriskbehaviors.Some13%scoredhighonallnineoftheriskbehaviors.And29%,theinvisibleriskgroup,scoredhighonthreeinparticular:Theyspentfivehoursadayormoreonelectronicdevices.Theysleptsixhoursanightorless.Andtheyneglectedotherhealthyactivities.7Thegroupthatscoredhighonallnineoftheriskbehaviorswasmostlikelytoshowsymptomsofdepression;inall,nearly15%ofthisgroupreportedbeingdepressed,comparedwithjust4%ofthelow-riskgroup.Buttheinvisiblegroupwasn'tfarbehindthehigh-riskset,withmorethan13%ofthemexhibitingdepression.8ThefindingscaughtCarlioffguard.Wewereverysurprised,hesays.Thehigh-riskgroupandlow-riskgroupareobvious.Butthisthirdgroupwasnotonlyunexpected,itwassodistinctandsolarge--nearlyonethirdofoursample--thatitbecameakeyfindingofthestudy.9Carlisaysthatoneofthemostsignificantthingsabouthisstudyisthatitprovidesnewearly-warningsignsforparents,teachersandmentalhealth-careproviders.Andearlyidentification,supportandtreatmentformentalhealthissues,hesays,arethebestwaystokeepthemfromturningintofull-blowndisorders.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“Teenagersatriskofdepression,anxietyandsuicideoftenweretheirtroubleslikeaneonsign”(Line1-2,Para.1)?Mentalproblemscannowbefoundinlargenumberofteenagers.Teenagers’mentalproblemsaregettingmoreandmoreattention.Teenagers’mentalproblemsareoftentooconspicuousnottobeobserved.Depressionandanxietyarethemostcommonsymptomsofmental

ⅠTeenagersatriskofdepression,anxietyandsuicideoftenweartheirtroubleslikeaneon(霓虹燈）sign.Theirriskybehaviors-drinkingtoomuchalcohol,usingillegaldrugs,smokingcigarettesand school-canalertparentsandteachersthatseriousproblemsarebrewing.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“Teenagersatriskofdepression,anxietyandsuicideoftenweretheirtroubleslikeaneonsign”(Line1-2,Para.1)?Mentalproblemscannowbefoundinlargenumberofteenagers.Teenagers’mentalproblemsaregettingmoreandmoreattention.Teenagers’mentalproblemsareoftentooconspicuousnottobeobserved.Depressionandanxietyarethemostcommonsymptomsofmental

ⅠTeenagersatriskofdepression,anxietyandsuicideoftenweartheirtroubleslikeaneon(霓虹燈）sign.Theirriskybehaviors-drinkingtoomuchalcohol,usingillegaldrugs,smokingcigarettesand school-canalertparentsandteachersthatseriousproblemsarebrewing.new

findingof

new

findingof

anewstudythere’sanothergroupofadolescentswhoareinnearlyasmuchdangerofexperiencingthesamepsychiatricsymptoms:teenswhousetonsofmedia,don’tgetenoughsleepandhaveasedentary（不愛活動的）invisible invisibleB)Theirbehaviorsdonotconstituteawarningsignal.

Becausetheirbehaviorsarenotusuallyseenasaredflag,theseyoungpeoplehavebeendubbedthe“invisiblerisk”groupbythestudy’sauthors.thenewstudyfindabouttheinvisiblegroupthenewstudyfindabouttheinvisiblegrouptheinvisiblethenewstudyfindabouttheinvisiblegroupTheyarealmostasliabletodepressionasthehigh-riskgroup.

nearly15%ofthisgroupreportedbeingdepressedthelow-riskgroup.Buttheinvisiblegroupwasn’tfarbehindthehigh-risksetwithmorethan13%ofthemexhibitingdepression.VladimirCarli’sVladimirCarli’sstudy

VladimirCarli’sstudyItprovidesnewearly-warningsignalsforidentifyingteensintrouble.

itprovidesnewearlywarningsignsforparents,teachers TheauthoriscriticaloftheParisclimateagreement WhydoestheauthorcallsomedevelopedcountriesclimateWhydoestheauthorcomparethe“forcedriders”tosecond-handWhatdoestheauthorsayaboutthe$100billionWhaturgentactionmustbetakentorealisetheParis TheauthoriscriticaloftheParisclimateagreement Whydoestheauthorcallsomedevelopedcountriesclimate“free-Whydoestheauthorcomparethe“forcedriders”tosecond-Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthe$100billionWhaturgentactionmustbetakentorealisetheParisclimate TheParisclimateagreementfinalisedinDecemberlastyearheraldedaneweraforclimateaction.Forthefirsttime,theworld'snationsagreedtoglobalwarmingwellbelowThisisvitalforclimate-vulnerablenations.Fewerthan4%ofcountriesareresponsibleformorethanhalfoftheworld'sgreenhousegasemissions.InastudypublishedinNatureScientificReports,werevealjusthowdeepthisinjusticeruns.DevelopednationssuchasAustralia,theUnitedStates,Canada,andEuropeancountriesareessentiallyclimatefree-riders:causingthemajorityoftheproblemsthroughhighgreenhousegasemissions,whileincurringfewofthecostssuchasclimatechange'simpactonfoodandwater.Inotherwords,afewcountriesarebenefitingenormouslyfromtheconsumptionoffossilfuels,whileatthesametimecontributingdisproportionaytotheglobalburdenofclimatechange.Ontheflipside,therearemanyforcedriders,whoaresufferingfromtheclimatechangeimpactsdespitehavingscarcelycontributedtotheproblem.Manyoftheworld'smostclimatevulnerablecountries,themajorityofwhichareAfricanorsmallislandstates,produceaverysmall Thisismuchlikeanon-smokergettingcancerfromsecond-handsmoke,whiletheheavysmokerisfortunateenoughtosmokeingoodhealth.TheParisagreementhasbeenwidelyhailedasapositivestepforwardinaddressingclimatechangeforall,althoughthedetailsonaddressingclimatejusticecanbebestdescribedassketchy.Thegoalofkee globaltemperaturerisewellbelow2~Ciscommendablebuttheemissions-reductionpledgessubmittedbycountriesleadinguptotheParistalksareveryunlikelytodeliveronthis.Morethan$100billioninfundinghasbeenputonthetableforsupportingdevelo nationstoreduceemissions.However,theagreementspecifiesthatthereisnoformaldistinctionbetweendevelopedanddevelo nationsintheirresponsibilitytocutemissions,effectivelyignoringhistoricalemissions.Thereisalsoverylittledetailonwhowillprovidethefundsor,importantly,whoisresponsiblefortheirprovision.Securingthesefunds,andestablishingwhoisresponsibleforraisingthemwillalsobevitalforthefutureofclimate-vulnerablecountries.Themostclimate-vulnerablecountriesintheworldhavecontributedverylittletocreatingtheglobaldiseasefromwhichtheynowsufferthemost.Theremusturgentlybeameaningfulmobilisationofthepoliciesoutlinedintheagreementifwearetoachievenationalemissionsreductionswhilehel vulnerablecountriesadapttoclimatechange.Anditisclearlyuptothecurrentgenerationofleadersfromhigh-emittingnationstodecidewhethertheywanttoberememberedasclimatetyrantsor TheParisclimateagreementfinalisedinDecemberlastyearheraldedaneweraforclimateaction.Forthefirsttime,theworld'snationsagreedtoglobalwarmingwellbelowThisisvitalforclimate-vulnerablenations.Fewerthan4%ofcountriesareresponsibleformorethanhalfoftheworld'sgreenhousegasemissions.InastudypublishedinNatureScientificReports,werevealjusthowdeepthisinjusticeruns.DevelopednationssuchasAustralia,theUnitedStates,Canada,andEuropeancountriesareessentiallyclimatefree-riders:causingthemajorityoftheproblemsthroughhighgreenhousegasemissions,whileincurringfewofthecostssuchasclimatechange'simpactonfoodandwater.Inotherwords,afewcountriesarebenefitingenormouslyfromtheconsumptionoffossilfuels,whileatthesametimecontributingdisproportionaytotheglobalburdenofclimatechange.Ontheflipside,therearemanyforcedriders,whoaresufferingfromtheclimatechangeimpactsdespitehavingscarcelycontributedtotheproblem.Manyoftheworld'smostclimatevulnerablecountries,themajorityofwhichareAfricanorsmallislandstates,produceaverysmall Thisismuchlikeanon-smokergettingcancerfromsecond-handsmoke,whiletheheavysmokerisfortunateenoughtosmokeingoodhealth.TheParisagreementhasbeenwidelyhailedasapositivestepforwardinaddressingclimatechangeforall,althoughthedetailsonaddressingclimatejusticecanbebestdescribedassketchy.Thegoalofkee globaltemperaturerisewellbelow2~Ciscommendablebuttheemissions-reductionpledgessubmittedbycountriesleadinguptotheParistalksareveryunlikelytodeliveronthis.Morethan$100billioninfundinghasbeenputonthetableforsupportingdevelo nationstoreduceemissions.However,theagreementspecifiesthatthereisnoformaldistinctionbetweendevelopedanddevelo nationsintheirresponsibilitytocutemissions,effectivelyignoringhistoricalemissions.Thereisalsoverylittledetailonwhowillprovidethefundsor,importantly,whoisresponsiblefortheirprovision.Securingthesefunds,andestablishingwhoisresponsibleforraisingthemwillalsobevitalforthefutureofclimate-vulnerablecountries.Themostclimate-vulnerablecountriesintheworldhavecontributedverylittletocreatingtheglobaldiseasefromwhichtheynowsufferthemost.Theremusturgentlybeameaningfulmobilisationofthepoliciesoutlinedintheagreementifwearetoachievenationalemissionsreductionswhilehel vulnerablecountriesadapttoclimatechange.Anditisclearlyuptothecurrentgenerationofleadersfromhigh-emittingnationstodecidewhethertheywanttoberememberedasclimatetyrantsoriscriticalofParisclimateagreement

ParisclimateParisclimate itisunfairtothose

vulnerablenations. howdeepthisinjusticeruns

free-

free-riders”:causingthemajorityoftheproblemsthroughhighgreenhouse.gasemissions,whileincurringfewofthecostssuchasclimatechange’simpactonfoodandwater.Theyhardlypayanythingfortheproblemstheyhavecaused.