書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津?yàn)I海職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Itwasclearthatthegardenwasnomoreamateuraffair;ithadbeen（）professionally.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.laidout

B.laiddown

C.laidoff

D.laidaside

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定詞組搭配。A選項(xiàng)laidout表示“安排，陳列，花費(fèi)”；B選項(xiàng)laiddown表示“放下，主張，鋪設(shè)”；C選項(xiàng)laidoff表示“下崗，解雇”；D選項(xiàng)laidaside表示“擱置，儲(chǔ)存，留存”。it指代前文中的thegarden，而空缺處需填入動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞形式構(gòu)成被動(dòng)，由句意可知“（按計(jì)劃）安排；布局；陳列”最合適，因此本題正確答案為A。【句意】很顯然，這個(gè)花園不再是業(yè)余者做的事情，而是經(jīng)過(guò)專業(yè)的布局。

2.單選題

Isentinvitationsto80people,（）havereplied.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ofwhomonly20ofthem

B.only20ofthemwho

C.ofwhomonly20

D.only20who

【答案】C

【解析】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。句意：我邀請(qǐng)了80人,

其中只有20人回復(fù)了。of表從屬關(guān)系,

在這里指80人中的20人,whom指代80

人。選項(xiàng)A重復(fù),

選項(xiàng)C表述正確。

3.單選題

Itwouldbe（

）toarriveataconclusionnow.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.premier

B.premature

C.preliminary

D.prior

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)premier“首要的”；B選項(xiàng)premature“不成熟的，早產(chǎn)的”；C選項(xiàng)preliminary“初步的，開(kāi)始的”；D選項(xiàng)prior“優(yōu)先的”。句意：現(xiàn)在下結(jié)論還為時(shí)過(guò)早。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

4.單選題

Ahealthylifeisfrequentlythoughttobe（）withtheopencountrysideandhomegrownfood.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tied

B.bound

C.involved

D.associated

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)tied“系”；B選項(xiàng)bound“彈回；限制”；C選項(xiàng)involved“涉及；包括”；D選項(xiàng)associated“聯(lián)系”。句意：健康的生活往往被認(rèn)為與空曠的野外和自家的食物有……。Ahealthylife“健康的生活”與theopencountrysideandhomegrownfood“空曠的野外和自家的食物”是有關(guān)聯(lián)的。A，B，C選項(xiàng)均不與with搭配使用，可排除。betiedto“束縛于；捆綁于”；beboundto“必定會(huì)”；beinvolvedin“涉及；陷入”；beassociatedwith“與……有關(guān)聯(lián)”；因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.單選題

Hewasproudofbeingchosentoparticipateinthegameandhe（

）usthathewouldtryashardaspossible.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.insured

B.guaranteed

C.assumed

D.assured

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。insure確保，投保；guarantee保證，擔(dān)保，一般指對(duì)事物的品質(zhì)或人的行為作出“擔(dān)保”；assume假定，設(shè)想；assure保證，擔(dān)保，使確信，一般指：使人對(duì)某事感到肯定或放心。

句意：被選中參加比賽讓他感到很自豪，并向我們保證他會(huì)盡他最大的努力。選項(xiàng)D更符合語(yǔ)境。

6.單選題

Thetraditionalbeliefthatbanksdonotlosecustomersoncetheyhavegotthemisnot（

）,thestudysuggests.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.well-prepared

B.well-meant

C.well-founded

D.well-adjusted

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。well-prepared“準(zhǔn)備就緒的，準(zhǔn)備充分的”；well-meant“沒(méi)有惡意的”；well-founded“有根據(jù)的，理由充分的”；well-adjusted“完全調(diào)試好的；完全適應(yīng)環(huán)境的”。句意：傳統(tǒng)觀念認(rèn)為銀行一旦贏得客戶就再也不會(huì)失去他們，研究表明這是沒(méi)有根據(jù)的。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

7.單選題

Whileitsuniqueeatinghabitsmakethemountaingorillaafascinatingsubjectforobservations,itssmallpopulationanditsshynessserveto______manypotentialstudies.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inspire

B.fortify

C.release

D.hinder

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)inspire“賦予靈感；鼓舞；激起”；B選項(xiàng)fortify“（在物質(zhì)或精神上）加強(qiáng)”；C選項(xiàng)release“（情感）發(fā)泄；放松”；D選項(xiàng)hinder“阻礙”。句意：雖然山地大猩猩獨(dú)特的飲食習(xí)慣吸引許多人的觀察，但它數(shù)量少和害羞的特點(diǎn)______許多研究的可能性。橫線處和studies構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，While表示轉(zhuǎn)折，大猩猩數(shù)量少且害羞，即使很多人想研究大猩猩也不能順利地進(jìn)行研究，會(huì)遇到一些困難，D選項(xiàng)hinder“阻礙”符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

8.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Scientistsarehopingtoeliminatemalaria（瘧疾）bydevelopingageneticallymodifiedmosquitothatcannottransmitthedisease.MalariahaslongtroubledthepopulationsofSouthAmerica,Africa,andAsia,wheremosquitobitesinfectupto500millionpeopleayearwiththisseriousandsometimesfatalparasiticblooddisease.Forgenerations,scientistshavebeentryingtoeliminatemalariabydevelopingnewdrugsandusingpesticide（殺蟲(chóng)劑）towipeoutlocalmosquitopopulations.Butthesemeasuresaren’tworking—andsomescientist,likeGregLanzaro,saythatbecauseofdrugresistanceandpopulationchanges,malariaisactuallymoreprevalentnowthanitwas20yearsago.Lanzarosayshehasabetterwaytostopthespreadofmalaria:geneticallymodifyingmosquitoessotheyareunabletocarrythedisease.

Lanzaroandhiscolleaguesareplanningamulti-yearprojecttoproducemalaria-resistantmosquitoesandhethinkstheycandoitwithinfiveyears.“Wecangetforeignintomosquitoesandtheygowherethey’resupposedtogo,”Lanzarosays,pointingoutthatscientistshavealreadysucceededingeneticallyengineeringmosquitoesthatcannottransmitmalariatobirdsandmice.Andhesays,scientistsarequicklymakingprogressongenesthatblocktransmissionofthediseasetohumansaswell.

Themostdifficultpartscientifically,Lanzarosays,isfiguringouthowtogetthelab-engineeredmosquitoestospreadtheirgenesintonaturalpopulations.Afterall,hepointsout;it’suselesstoengineermosquitoesinthelabthatcan’ttransmitmalariawhentherearemillionsoutinthewildthatcan.Tosolvethisproblem,LanzarowantstoloadupamobilepieceofDMAwiththemalaria-resistantgene,andtheninsertitintoagroupofmosquitoembryos.Themalaria-resistantgenewouldbeintegrateddirectlyintothemosquitoes’DNA,makingitimpossibleforthosemosquitoestotransmittheparasitethatcausesmalaria.Inthiswayasmallgroupoflab-raisedmosquitoescouldbereleasedintothewild,andbyinterbreedingwithwildmosquitoes,eventuallytransmitthebeneficialgenetotheentirepopulation.

61.Onereasonformalariatobemorewidespreadnowisthat（）.

A.morepeoplehavemovedtomalaria-infectedareas

B.mosquitoeshavebecomeresistanttopesticides

C.geneticallymodifiedmosquitoesstilltransmitthedisease

D.mosquitoesbiteasmanyas500millionpeopleayear

62.Lanzaroishopefulthatinafewyearmancan（）.

A.starttoeliminatemalaria

B.cureparasiticblooddiseases

C.preventmicefromtransmittingparasites

D.acquireimmunityagainstmalaria

63.Lanzaroisconfidentthatscientistcanblockthetransmissionsofmalariatohumansbecause（）.

A.naturalmosquitopopulationsdonotchange

B.scientistshavesucceededwithbirdsandmice

C.foreigngenesalwaysgowheretheyarerequired

D.lab-raisedmosquitoeswillnotberesistanttodrugs

64.WhatisthemostdifficultpartofLanzaro’sproject?

A.Spreadingmalaria-resistantgenesintonaturalmosquitopopulations.

B.Raisingmalaria-resistantmosquitoes.

C.Makinggenesthatblockthetransmissionofmalaria.

D.Identifyingmalaria-resistantgenes.

65.Accordingtothepassage,afundamentalwaytowipeoutmalariaisto（）.

A.developnewmalaria-resistantdrugs

B.produceeffectivepesticidestokillmosquitoes

C.changethegeneticmakeupofmosquitoes

D.removepeoplefrommalaria-infectedareas

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.morepeoplehavemovedtomalaria-infectedareas

B.mosquitoeshavebecomeresistanttopesticides

C.geneticallymodifiedmosquitoesstilltransmitthedisease

D.mosquitoesbiteasmanyas500millionpeopleayear

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.starttoeliminatemalaria

B.cureparasiticblooddiseases

C.preventmicefromtransmittingparasites

D.acquireimmunityagainstmalaria

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.naturalmosquitopopulationsdonotchange

B.scientistshavesucceededwithbirdsandmice

C.foreigngenesalwaysgowheretheyarerequired

D.lab-raisedmosquitoeswillnotberesistanttodrugs

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Spreadingmalaria-resistantgenesintonaturalmosquitopopulations.

B.Raisingmalaria-resistantmosquitoes.

C.Makinggenesthatblockthetransmissionofmalaria.

D.Identifyingmalaria-resistantgenes.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.developnewmalaria-resistantdrugs

B.produceeffectivepesticidestokillmosquitoes

C.changethegeneticmakeupofmosquitoes

D.removepeoplefrommalaria-infectedareas

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由malariatobemorewidespread定位到文章第一段倒數(shù)第二句“…becauseofdrugresistanceandpopulationchanges,malariaisactuallymoreprevalentnowthanitwas20yearsago”，由于耐藥性和人口變化，瘧疾現(xiàn)在實(shí)際上比20年前更流行。由此可知，瘧疾的流行與其耐藥性有關(guān)。A選項(xiàng)“morepeoplehavemovedtomalaria-infectedareas”，意為“更多的人搬到瘧疾感染地區(qū)”，這是瘧疾變得更流行后的結(jié)果，它導(dǎo)致了更多的人住在瘧疾感染地區(qū)；B選項(xiàng)“mosquitoeshavebecomeresistanttopesticides”意為“蚊子已對(duì)殺蟲(chóng)劑產(chǎn)生了抗藥性”，蚊子就是瘧疾的傳播者，蚊子對(duì)殺蟲(chóng)劑產(chǎn)生耐藥性，所以瘧疾傳播得更廣；C選項(xiàng)“geneticallymodifiedmosquitoesstilltransmitthedisease”意為“轉(zhuǎn)基因蚊子仍然傳播這種疾病”，原文中科學(xué)家們?cè)噲D通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)基因的蚊子來(lái)消滅瘧疾，這些轉(zhuǎn)基因蚊子是不能傳播疾病的；D選項(xiàng)“mosquitoesbiteasmanyas500millionpeopleayear”意為“蚊子每年叮咬多達(dá)5億人”，這是現(xiàn)狀不是導(dǎo)致的原因。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第2題:判斷推理題。由Lanzaro定位到文章第二段第一句“Lanzaroandhiscolleaguesareplanningamulti-yearprojecttoproducemalaria-resistantmosquitoesandhethinkstheycandoitwithinfiveyears”，蘭薩羅和他的同事們正在計(jì)劃一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的項(xiàng)目來(lái)制造抗瘧疾的蚊子，他認(rèn)為他們可以在5年內(nèi)做到。由此可知，蘭薩羅正計(jì)劃消滅瘧疾。A選項(xiàng)“starttoeliminatemalaria”，意為“開(kāi)始消滅瘧疾”，與原文相符；B選項(xiàng)“cureparasiticblooddiseases”意為“治療寄生蟲(chóng)性血液病”，與原文不符，蘭薩羅不是治療疾病而是尋找消滅瘧疾的辦法；C選項(xiàng)“preventmicefromtransmittingparasites”意為“防止老鼠傳播寄生蟲(chóng)”，與原文不符，原文中是蚊子不會(huì)傳播寄生蟲(chóng)給老鼠；D選項(xiàng)“acquireimmunityagainstmalaria”意為“獲得抗瘧疾免疫力”，原文并未提及抗瘧疾免疫力。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第3題:判斷推理題。由Lanzaro定位到文章第二段第二句“…pointingoutthatscientistshavealreadysucceededingeneticallyengineeringmosquitoesthatcannottransmitmalariatobirdsandmice”，他指出，科學(xué)家已經(jīng)成功地對(duì)蚊子進(jìn)行了基因改造，使它們不會(huì)將瘧疾傳播給鳥(niǎo)類和老鼠。由此可知，科學(xué)家在鳥(niǎo)類和老鼠身上已經(jīng)取得了成功，蚊子不會(huì)傳播寄生蟲(chóng)到它們身上。A選項(xiàng)“naturalmosquitopopulationsdonotchange”，意為“蚊子的自然數(shù)量不會(huì)改變”，原文未提及蚊子數(shù)量的變化；B選項(xiàng)“scientistshavesucceededwithbirdsandmice”意為“科學(xué)家已經(jīng)在鳥(niǎo)類和老鼠身上取得了成功”，與原文相符；C選項(xiàng)“foreigngenesalwaysgowheretheyarerequired”意為“外來(lái)基因總是去需要它們的地方”，與原文不符，原文是讓外來(lái)基因進(jìn)入蚊子體內(nèi)；D選項(xiàng)“l(fā)ab-raisedmosquitoeswillnotberesistanttodrugs”意為“實(shí)驗(yàn)室飼養(yǎng)的蚊子不會(huì)對(duì)藥物產(chǎn)生抗藥性”，原文并未提及實(shí)驗(yàn)室蚊子的抗藥性。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第4題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由mostdifficultpart定位到文章第三段第一句“Themostdifficultpartscientifically,Lanzarosays,isfiguringouthowtogetthelab-engineeredmosquitoestospreadtheirgenesintonaturalpopulations”，蘭薩羅說(shuō)，科學(xué)上最困難的部分是弄清楚如何讓實(shí)驗(yàn)室改造的蚊子將它們的基因傳播到自然種群中。由此可知，將抗瘧疾基因傳播到蚊子的自然種群中是蘭薩羅面對(duì)的難題。A選項(xiàng)“Spreadingmalaria-resistantgenesintonaturalmosquitopopulations”，意為“將抗瘧疾基因傳播到天然蚊子種群中”，與原文相符；B選項(xiàng)“Raisingmalaria-resistantmosquitoes”意為“培育抗瘧疾的蚊子”，原文中實(shí)驗(yàn)室已經(jīng)培育出抗瘧疾的蚊子；C選項(xiàng)“Makinggenesthatblockthetransmissionofmalaria”意為“制造阻止瘧疾傳播的基因”，與原文不符，原文中實(shí)驗(yàn)室已經(jīng)能制造抗瘧疾的基因；D選項(xiàng)“Identifyingmalaria-resistantgenes”意為“識(shí)別抗瘧疾基因”，原文中實(shí)驗(yàn)室可以將抗瘧疾基因插入蚊子胚胎，說(shuō)明識(shí)別抗瘧疾基因不是難題。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第5題:判斷推理題。由afundamentalwaytowipeoutmalaria定位到文章第一段最后一句“Lanzarosayshehasabetterwaytostopthespreadofmalaria:geneticallymodifyingmosquitoessotheyareunabletocarrythedisease”，蘭薩羅說(shuō)，他有一個(gè)更好的方法來(lái)阻止瘧疾的傳播：對(duì)蚊子進(jìn)行基因改造，使它們無(wú)法攜帶這種疾病。由此可知，改變蚊子的基因，使它們攜帶抗瘧疾基因是阻止瘧疾傳播的有效辦法。C選項(xiàng)“changethegeneticmakeupofmosquitoes”意為“改變蚊子的基因組成”與原文相符。A選項(xiàng)“developnewmalaria-resistantdrugs”，意為“開(kāi)發(fā)新的抗瘧疾藥物”，B選項(xiàng)“produceeffectivepesticidestokillmosquitoes”意為“生產(chǎn)有效的殺蟲(chóng)劑殺死蚊子”和D選項(xiàng)“removepeoplefrommalaria-infectedareas”意為“將人移出瘧疾感染地區(qū)”，這三種辦法原文均沒(méi)有提及。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.單選題

Theshowculminatedinthepresentationofthedairyprincesscrown.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.began

B.included

C.ended

D.cultivated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。題目中culminate表示“使結(jié)束，達(dá)到極點(diǎn)，達(dá)到高潮”；A選項(xiàng)為“開(kāi)始”；B選項(xiàng)為“包括，包含”；C選項(xiàng)為“結(jié)束；終止”；D選項(xiàng)為“培養(yǎng)；栽培”。根據(jù)句意可知，表演因乳品公主皇冠的介紹而達(dá)到高潮，因此C項(xiàng)為正確答案。

10.單選題

Manyyearsagopeoplethoughttheearthwasflat.Theybelievedthatthesky（）abigup-side-downbowlandthatthesun,moon,andstarswerelampshangingfromthetopofthebowl.Later,people（）better.Theyfoundoutthattheearth（）round.

Wecallthestudyoftheskiesandtheplanetsastronomy,（）wecallthewatchersoftheskiesastronomer.EarlyastronomersthoughttheearthwasthecenterofTheythoughttheheavensspun（）theearth.Later,theychangedtheir（）Theyknewtheearthwasnotthecenter.Theybelievedthattheearthandthe（）planetsspinaroundthesun.Todayweknowthisistrue.

Ancientscientistsstudiedtheskies（）simpleinstruments.Thefirstperson（）atele-scopewasnamedGalileo.In1610（）fourmoonsaroundtheplanetJupiter.Today（）usemorecomplexequipment.Someofthesemeasurethebrightnessoflight.（）breaklightsupintodifferentcolors.Radiotelescopesmakestarsandplanets（）farcloserthanGalileo’stelescopecould.Earlyastronomers（）fiveplanetsinthesky.BesidesEarth,theyknewaboutmercury,Ve-nus,Mars,Jupiter,andSaturn.In1781aseventhonewasdiscoveredandnamedUranus.Yearslat-er,astronomersfoundanotherplanetandcalleditNeptune.TheninthplanettobefoundiscalledPluto.Itwasnot（）until1930.

Todayscientistscan（）almostanywhere.Theyhavereachedtheheavenswiththeirspace-craft.In1959,aspacecraft（）tookpicturesofthedarksideofthemoon.TheyearslateraspacecraftlandedtwoAmericansonthemoon.Otherimportantjourneysintospace（）.Whoknows?Maybe（）humanbeingswillliveonanotherplanet.Maybeyouwillbeoneofthem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.is

B.was

C.hadbeen

D.were

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.spoke

B.told

C.knew

D.swore

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.was

B.hadbeen

C.is

D.were

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.and

B.but

C.yet

D.still

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.anything

B.nothing

C.something

D.everything

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.around

B.round

C.about

D.along

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.jobs

B.minds

C.suggestion

D.advice

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.other

B.another

C.rest

D.remained

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.by

B.on

C.with

D.within

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.touse

B.used

C.uses

D.ofusing

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.invented

B.created

C.saw

D.discovered

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.musicians

B.carpenters

C.astronomers

D.scholars

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.Theothers

B.Others

C.Another

D.Theother

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.look

B.looking

C.tolook

D.looks

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.couldhaveseen

B.couldsee

C.hadseen

D.saw

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.trapped

B.served

C.discovered

D.settled

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.run

B.explore

C.play

D.relax

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.first

B.firstly

C.forthefirst

D.firstofall

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.followed

B.hadfollowed

C.werefollowing

D.follow

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.someday

B.someday

C.somedays

D.somedays

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:A

第10題:A

第11題:D

第12題:C

第13題:A

第14題:A

第15題:A

第16題:C

第17題:B

第18題:A

第19題:A

第20題:A

【解析】1.語(yǔ)法分析。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞believed為一般過(guò)去式，主語(yǔ)thesky為第三人稱單數(shù)，因此選B。

2.詞義辨析。句意：人們得更多。knew知道、了解，符合句意。

3.語(yǔ)法分析。句意：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)地球是圓的。屬于客觀事實(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故選C。

4.邏輯關(guān)系。句意：我們將對(duì)天空和星球的研究稱為天文學(xué)，我們將星空觀察者稱為天文學(xué)家。前后兩句為并列關(guān)系，故選A。

5.詞義辨析。句意：早期的天文學(xué)家認(rèn)為地球是宇宙萬(wàn)物的中心。D項(xiàng)everything意為“所有事物”,符合句意。

6.固定搭配。此處句意為：他們認(rèn)為天堂圍繞地球轉(zhuǎn)。spinaround為固定搭配意為“圍繞……旋轉(zhuǎn)”。

7.詞義辨析。此處句意應(yīng)為：他們改變了想法/認(rèn)知。jobs工作；minds想法；suggestion建議；advice建議。

8.詞義辨析。句意：他們認(rèn)為地球和行星圍繞太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。other其他的；another另外一個(gè)；rest剩余的；remain剩下的。故選A。

9.介詞辨析。句意：古代科學(xué)家通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)易工具研究天空。by憑借……工具或手段；on在……上面；with伴隨；within在……里面。故選A。

10.語(yǔ)法分析。空格處應(yīng)為定語(yǔ)修飾主語(yǔ)。而動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞形式可以做定語(yǔ)。故A項(xiàng)為動(dòng)詞不定式做定語(yǔ)正確。

11.詞義辨析。句意：1610年，在木星周?chē)怂念w衛(wèi)星。invented發(fā)明；created創(chuàng)造；saw看見(jiàn)；discover發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選D。

12.詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)如今使用更精密的設(shè)備。C項(xiàng)astronomers（天文學(xué)家）正確。

13.關(guān)聯(lián)。根據(jù)前半句someof（有些）推斷空格處應(yīng)為T(mén)heothers（其他的）。

14.語(yǔ)法分析。Make為使役動(dòng)詞，后面跟動(dòng)詞原形。故選A。

15.語(yǔ)法分析。空格處是對(duì)過(guò)去的一種推測(cè)：早期的天文學(xué)家可能已經(jīng)看到了天空中的五顆行星。因此用could表示推測(cè)。

16.詞義辨析。句意：直到1930年科學(xué)家才它。trapped誘捕、陷入困境；served招待、服務(wù)；discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；settled定居、解決。故C項(xiàng)符合句意。

17.詞義辨析。句意：科學(xué)家?guī)缀跄軌蛴钪娴娜魏蔚胤健un運(yùn)行、跑；explore探索；play玩耍；relax放松。故B項(xiàng)符合句意。

18.詞義辨析。句意：在1959年，一艘宇宙飛船首次拍到黑暗的月球上的照片。A項(xiàng)first意為“第一次”,而其他選項(xiàng)都表示“首先”，故選A。

19.語(yǔ)法分析。此句講述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，因此用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

20.詞義辨析。句意：或許總有一天，人們會(huì)居住到另外一個(gè)星球。因此A項(xiàng)someday（有一天）正確。

11.單選題

Lindawas（

）theexperimentamonthago,butshechangedhermindatthelastminute.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tostart

B.tohavestarted

C.tobestarting

D.tohavebeenstarting

【答案】B

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。wasto表示將來(lái)過(guò)去時(shí)，havedone表示本來(lái)要做而沒(méi)有做，根據(jù)句意選B。

句意：Linda本來(lái)在一個(gè)月前要做實(shí)驗(yàn)的，但她最后改變了主意。

12.單選題

Itwastheworsttragedyinmaritimehistory,sixtimesmoredeadlythantheTitanic.

WhentheGermancruiseshipWilhelmGustoffwashitbytorpedoesfiredfromaRussiansubmarineinthefinalwinterofWorldWarII,morethan10,000people-mostlywomen,childrenandoldpeoplefleeingthefinalRedArmypushintoNaziGermany-werepackedaboard.Anicestormhadturnedthedecksintofrozensheetsthatsenthundredsoffamiliesslidingintotheseaastheshiptiltedandbegantogodown.Othersdesperatelytriedtoputlifeboatsdown.Somewhosucceededfoughtoffthoseinthewaterwhohadthestrengthtotrytoclawtheirwayaboard.Mostpeoplefrozeimmediately.I’llneverforgetthescreams,saysChristaNtitzmann,87,oneofthe1,200survivors.Sherecallswatchingtheship,brightlylit,slippingintoitsdarkgrave-andintoseemingnothingness,rarelymentionedformorethanhalfacentury.

NowGermany’sNobelPrize-winningauthorGunterGrasshasrevivedthememoryofthe9,000dead,includingmorethan4,000children-withhislatestnovelCrabWalk,publishedlastmonth.Thebook,whichwillbeoutinEnglishnextyear,doesn’tdwellonthesinking;itsheroineisapregnantyoungwomanwhosurvivesthecatastropheonlytosaylater:“Nobodywantedtohearaboutit,nothereintheWest(ofGermany)andnotatallintheEast.”Thereasonwasobvious.AsGrassputitinarecentinterviewwiththeweeklyDieWoche:“BecausethecrimesweGermansareresponsibleforwereandaresodominant,wedidn’thavetheenergylefttotellofourownsufferings.”

ThelongsilenceaboutthesinkingoftheWilhelmGustoffwasprobablyunavoidable-andnecessary.Byunreservedlyowninguptotheircountry’smonstrouscrimesintheSecondWorld

War,Germanshavemanagedtowinacceptanceabroad,marginalizetheneo-Nazisathomeandmakepeacewiththeirneighbors.Today’sunifiedGermanyismoreprosperousandstablethanatanytimeinitslong,troubledhistory.Forthat,ahalfcenturyofwillfulforgettingaboutpainfulmemoriesliketheGermanTitanicwasperhapsareasonablepricetopay.ButeventhemostpoliticallycorrectGermansbelievethatthey’venowearnedtherighttodiscussthefullhistoricalrecord.NottoequateGermansufferingwiththatofitsvictims,butsimplytoacknowledgeaterribletragedy.

1.WhydoestheauthorsaythesinkingoftheWilhelmGustoffwastheworsttragedyinmaritimehistory?

2.Hundredsoffamiliesdroppedintotheseawhen（

）.

3.TheWilhelmGustofftragedywaslittletalkedaboutformorethanhalfacenturybecauseGermans

（

）.

4.HowdoesGunterGrassrevivethememoryoftheWilhelmGustofftragedy?

5.ItcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatGermansnolongerthinktha

（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ItwasattackedbyRussiantorpedoes

B.Itcausedthelargestnumberofcausalities

C.Mostofitspassengerswerefrozentodeath

D.Itsvictimsweremostlywomenandchildren

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thebadlydamagedshipleanedtowardoneside

B.astrongicestormtiltedtheship

C.thecruiseshipsankallofasudden

D.thefrightenedpassengersfoughtdesperatelyforlifeboats

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.wereeagertowininternationalacceptance

B.hadbeenpressuredtokeepsilentaboutit

C.wereafraidofoffendingtheirneighbors

D.feltguiltyfortheircrimesinWorldWarII

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Bydescribingtheship’ssinkingingreatdetail

B.BygivinganinterviewtotheweeklyDieWoche

C.Bypresentingthehorriblesceneofthetorpedoattack

D.Bydepictingthesurvivalofayoungpregnantwoman

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theWilhelmGustofftragedyisareasonablepricetopayforthenationspastmisdeeds

B.GermanyisresponsibleforthehorriblecrimesitcommittedinWorldWarII

C.theywillbemisunderstoodiftheytalkabouttheWilhelmGustoffWarII

D.itiswrongtoequatetheirsufferingwiththoseofothercountries

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)為什么威廉?古斯特洛夫號(hào)的沉沒(méi)被認(rèn)為是航海史上最大的慘劇。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞worsttragedyinmaritimehistory定位至第一段:itwastheworsttragedyinmaritimehistory,sixtimesmoredeadlythantheTitanic(這是航海史上最大的慘劇,它的死亡人數(shù)為泰坦尼克號(hào)沉沒(méi)時(shí)的死亡人數(shù)的六倍)。故選B“造成的死亡人數(shù)最多”。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:Anicestormhadturnedthedecksintofrozensheetsthatsenthundredsoffamiliesslidingintotheseaastheshiptiltedandbegantogodown(一場(chǎng)冰暴把甲板凍成了冰蓋，船傾斜并開(kāi)始下沉?xí)r，數(shù)百個(gè)家庭掉入大海)。因此選A“嚴(yán)重破損的船傾向一邊”。

3.判斷推理題。第三段表明了原文:BecausethecrimesweGermansareresponsibleforwereandaresodominant(我們德國(guó)人負(fù)主要責(zé)任),由此看出德國(guó)人是內(nèi)疚的,故選D“為自己二戰(zhàn)中的罪行感到內(nèi)疚”。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段指出:doesn'tdwellonthesinking;itsheroineisapregnantyoungwomanwhosurvivesthecatastrophe...(并不是把他作品的重點(diǎn)放在船的沉沒(méi)細(xì)節(jié)中，而是從側(cè)而描述了一個(gè)年輕孕婦如何在這個(gè)災(zāi)難中生存下來(lái)),故選D。

5.判斷推理題。文中倒數(shù)第二句指出:…Germansbelievethatthey'renowearnedrighttodiscussthefullhistoricalrecord(德國(guó)人認(rèn)為他們現(xiàn)在有權(quán)討論完整的歷史記錄),由此可知,德國(guó)人并沒(méi)有認(rèn)為逃脫責(zé)任,題干問(wèn)的是德國(guó)人不再認(rèn)為…？排除A“威廉?古斯特的悲劇是為國(guó)家過(guò)去的錯(cuò)誤行為付出的合理代價(jià)”和B“德國(guó)對(duì)其在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中犯下的可怕罪行負(fù)責(zé)”,D項(xiàng)文中并未提及,C指出如果德國(guó)人談到威廉?古斯特洛夫號(hào)的沉沒(méi)時(shí),他們不再被人們誤解,因?yàn)樗麄儸F(xiàn)在有權(quán)利來(lái)正對(duì)歷史了。C正確。

13.單選題

You’llhavetochangeyour（

）oflifenowthatyouhavegotababy.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.form

B.mold

C.mood

D.mode

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。form意為“形狀，形式”；mold意為“模型，壓模”；mood意為“心情”；mode意為“方式，風(fēng)格，樣式”。由changeyour____oflife（改變你的生活____）可知D選項(xiàng)最符合邏輯，modeoflife表示“生活方式”。

句意：既然你有了孩子，你就必須改變你的生活方式。

14.單選題

Officialencouragementofthesolar-energyindustryinChinahasledtofiercecompetitionforgovernmentsubsidiesamongdozensofnewcompanies,butitisfarfromclearhowmanyofthewinningfirmsactuallymakemoney.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasledtofierce

B.forgovernmentsubsidiesamongdozens

C.itisfarfromclear

D.actuallymakemoney

E.沒(méi)有錯(cuò)誤

【答案】D

【解析】時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤。動(dòng)詞make改為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)havemade。句子談?wù)摰氖沁^(guò)去的事情,此處時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)與前面時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。

15.單選題

Dr.Hawkinghasmademuchcontributiontothetheoriesofmodemphysicsatthe________ofhishealth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cost

B.disposal

C.mercy

D.expenditure

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。這道題考查關(guān)于atthe…of的詞組。A選項(xiàng)atthecostof“以……為代價(jià)”；B選項(xiàng)atthedisposalof“任憑使用”；C選項(xiàng)atthemercyof“受……的支配”；D選項(xiàng)，干擾項(xiàng)，因?yàn)闆](méi)有attheexpenditureof這種搭配，所以首先就可以排除D。句意：霍金博士對(duì)當(dāng)代物理學(xué)作出了很大的貢獻(xiàn)，這一切都是（）他的健康。顯然霍金的成就是以他的健康為代價(jià)的，所以答案選A。

16.單選題

RichardSatava,programmanagerforadvancedmedicaltechnologies,hasbeenadrivingforceinbringingvirtualrealitytomedicine,wherecomputerscreatea“virtual”orsimulatedenvironmentforsurgeonsandothermedicalpractitioners.

“Withvirtualrealitywewillbeabletoputasurgeonineverytrench,”saidSatava.Heenvisagedatimewhensoldierswhoarewoundedfightingoverseasareputinmobilesurgicalunitsequippedwithcomputers.

ThecomputerswouldtransmitimagesofthesoldierstosurgeonsbackintheU.S.Thesurgeonswouldlookatthesoldierthroughvirtualrealityhelmets(頭盔)thatcontainasmallscreendisplayingtheimageofthewound.Thedoctorswouldguideroboticinstrumentsinthebattlefieldmobilesurgicalunitthatoperateonthesoldier.

AlthoughSatava’svisionmaybeyearsawayfromstandardoperatingprocedure,scientistsareprogressingtowardvirtualrealitysurgery.EngineersataninternationalorganizationinCaliforniaaredevelopingatele-operatingdevice.Assurgeonswatchathree-dimensionalimageofthesurgery,theymoveinstrumentsthatareconnectedtoacomputer,whichpassestheirmovementstoroboticinstrumentsthatperformthesurgery.Thecomputerprovidesfeedbacktothesurgeononforce,textures,andsound.

Thesetechnologicalwondersmaynotyetbepartofthecommunityhospitalsettingbutincreasinglysomeofthemachineryisfindingitswayintocivilianmedicine.AtWayneStateUniversityMedicalSchool,surgeonLuciaZamoranotakesimagesofthebrainfromcomputerizedscansandusesacomputerprogramtoproducea3-Dimage.Shecanthenmaneuverthe3-Dimageonthecomputerscreentomaptheshortest,leastinvasivesurgicalpathtothetumor.Zamoranoisalsousingtechnologythatattachesaprobetosurgicalinstrumentssothatshecantracktheirpositions.Whilecuttingawayatumordeepinthebrain,shewatchesthemovementofhersurgicaltoolsinacomputergraphicsimageofthepatient’sbraintakenbeforesurgery.

Duringtheseprocedures-operationsthataredonethroughsmallcutsinthebodyinwhichaminiaturecameraandsurgicaltoolsaremaneuvered-surgeonsarewearing3-Dglassesforabetterview.Andtheyarecommandingrobotsurgeonstocutawaytissuemoreaccuratelythanhumansurgeonscan.

Satavasays,“Weareinthemidstofafundamentalchangeinthefieldofmedicine.”

1.AccordingtoRichardSatava,theapplicationofvirtualrealitytomedicine（）.

2.Howisvirtualrealitysurgeryperformed?

3.RichardSatavahasvisionsof（）.

4.Duringvirtualrealityoperations,thesurgeoncanhaveabetterviewofthecutsinthebodybecause（）.

5.Virtualrealityoperationsareanimprovementonconventionalsurgeryinthatthey____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.willenablesurgeonstobephysicallypresentoneverybattlefieldt

B.canraisethespiritsofsoldierswoundedonthebattlefieldt

C.willgreatlyimprovemedicalconditionsonthebattlefieldt

D.canshortenthetimeforoperationsonsoldierswoundedonthebattlefieldt

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itisperformedbyacomputer-designedhighprecisiondevice.t

B.Surgeonswearvirtualrealityhelmetstoreceivefeedbackprovidedbyacomputer.t

C.Surgeonsmoveroboticinstrumentsbymeansofacomputerlinedtothem.t

D.A3-Dimagerecordsthemovementsofthesurgeonsduringtheoperation.t

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.usingaremote-controltechniquetotreatwoundedsoldiersfightingoverseast

B.woundedsoldiersbeingsavedbydoctorswearingvirtualrealityhelmetsonthebattlefieldt

C.woundedsoldiersbeingoperatedonbyspeciallytrainedsurgeonst

D.settingupmobilesurgicalunitsoverseast

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.heislookingatthecutsonacomputerscreent

B.thecutscanbeexaminedfromdifferentanglest

C.thecutshavebeenhighlymagnifiedt

D.heiswearing3-Dglassest

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.causelesspaintothewoundedt

B.allowthepatienttorecovermorequicklyt

C.willmakehumansurgeons’worklesstedioust

D.aredonebyrobotsurgeonswithgreaterprecision

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“根據(jù)薩塔瓦，虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)在醫(yī)學(xué)上的應(yīng)用……”。第二段提到“Withvirtualrealitywewillbeabletoputasurgeonineverytrench,”saidSatava.Heenvisagedatimewhensoldierswhoarewoundedfightingoverseasareputinmobilesurgicalunitsequippedwithcomputers.（薩塔瓦說(shuō)：“有了虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù)，我們將能夠在每條戰(zhàn)壕里都安置一名外科醫(yī)生。”他設(shè)想有一天，在海外戰(zhàn)斗中受傷的士兵可以被安置在配備電腦的移動(dòng)手術(shù)室），由此可以推理，虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)在醫(yī)學(xué)上的應(yīng)用可以改善戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上的醫(yī)療條件，故C項(xiàng)“將大大改善戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上的醫(yī)療條件”正確。A項(xiàng)“將使外科醫(yī)生能夠親臨每一個(gè)戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)”，表述與原文不符；B項(xiàng)“可以鼓舞在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上受傷的士兵的精神”和D項(xiàng)“可以縮短在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上受傷的士兵的行動(dòng)時(shí)間”文章沒(méi)有提到。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“如何進(jìn)行虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)手術(shù)？”。根據(jù)文章第四段第三句Assurgeonswatchathree-dimensionalimageofthesurgery,theymoveinstrumentsthatareconnectedtoacomputer,whichpassestheirmovementstoroboticinstrumentsthatperformthesurgery.（當(dāng)外科醫(yī)生觀察手術(shù)的三維圖像時(shí)，他們移動(dòng)與計(jì)算機(jī)相連的儀器，計(jì)算機(jī)將他們的動(dòng)作傳遞給實(shí)施手術(shù)的機(jī)器人儀器）可知，C項(xiàng)“外科醫(yī)生通過(guò)排列在機(jī)器上的計(jì)算機(jī)移動(dòng)機(jī)器器械”正確。A項(xiàng)“它是由計(jì)算機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)的高精度設(shè)備執(zhí)行的”沒(méi)有提到；B項(xiàng)“外科醫(yī)生戴著虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)頭盔接受電腦提供的反饋”，第三段提到Thesurgeonswouldlookatthesoldierthroughvirtualrealityhelmetsthatcontainasmallscreendisplayingtheimageofthewound.（外科醫(yī)生將通過(guò)虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)頭盔觀察士兵，頭盔上有一個(gè)顯示傷口圖像的小屏幕），可知醫(yī)生是通過(guò)頭盔親自觀察士兵的傷情，而不是通過(guò)接收機(jī)器人的反饋；D項(xiàng)“一幅3d圖像記錄了外科醫(yī)生在手術(shù)過(guò)程中的動(dòng)作”，第五段最后一句提到Whilecuttingawayatumordeepinthebrain,shewatchesthemovementofhersurgicaltoolsinacomputergraphicsimageofthepatient’sbraintakenbeforesurgery.（在切除大腦深處的腫瘤時(shí)，她在術(shù)前拍攝的病人大腦計(jì)算機(jī)圖形圖像中觀察手術(shù)工具的動(dòng)作）可知，3d圖像是醫(yī)生用來(lái)觀察手術(shù)工具的動(dòng)作，而不是記錄外科醫(yī)生的動(dòng)作，D項(xiàng)表述不正確。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“薩塔瓦幻想……”。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句Heenvisagedatimewhensoldierswhoarewoundedfightingoverseasareputinmobilesurgicalunitsequippedwithcomputers.（他設(shè)想有一天，在海外戰(zhàn)斗中受傷的士兵可以被安置在配備電腦的移動(dòng)手術(shù)室）可推理，理查德?薩塔瓦設(shè)想受傷的戰(zhàn)士可以在移動(dòng)的手術(shù)室通過(guò)遠(yuǎn)程控制電腦實(shí)現(xiàn)被遠(yuǎn)程救治，故A項(xiàng)“用遙控技術(shù)治療海外作戰(zhàn)的受傷士兵”符合題意。B項(xiàng)“傷兵在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上被醫(yī)生戴著虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)頭盔拯救”，表述不準(zhǔn)確，頭盔是醫(yī)生用來(lái)觀察傷情而非實(shí)行救治的；C項(xiàng)“受過(guò)專門(mén)訓(xùn)練的外科醫(yī)生對(duì)受傷士兵進(jìn)行手術(shù)”，第三段最后一句提到Thedoctorswouldguideroboticinstrumentsinthebattlefieldmobilesurgicalunitthatoperateonthesoldier.（醫(yī)生們將指導(dǎo)戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上的移動(dòng)手術(shù)室內(nèi)的機(jī)器人設(shè)備為士兵進(jìn)行手術(shù)），可知是通過(guò)機(jī)器人為士兵進(jìn)行手術(shù)，C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)“在海外設(shè)立流動(dòng)手術(shù)室”是以偏概全。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“在虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)手術(shù)中，外科醫(yī)生可以更好地看到身體的切口，因?yàn)椤薄５箶?shù)第二段第一句提到Duringtheseprocedures-operationsthataredonethroughsmallcutsinthebodyinwhichaminiaturecameraandsurgicaltoolsaremaneuvered-surgeonsarewearing3-Dglassesforabetterview.（在這些手術(shù)過(guò)程中，通過(guò)身體的小切口進(jìn)行的手術(shù)中，操作微型相機(jī)和手術(shù)工具的外科醫(yī)生戴著3D眼鏡，以便更好地觀察），由此