書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-吉林城市職業技術學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.翻譯題

五年前，如果一個中國大學生打算入伍當兵的話，那可是需要很多勇氣的。可今天，越來越多的大學生選擇入伍當兵，這可要歸功于部隊對高級人才的要求，以及鼓勵大學生入伍當兵的新政策。

24歲的小周是金融專業的畢業生，也是一個將目光轉向部隊以求發展的年輕人。這個月初，他剛剛通過了征召入伍的體檢。“我希望通過部隊的嚴格訓練強身健體，鍛煉心志。我不擔心入伍后我的事業發展，相反，我倒認為入伍參軍本身就對事業發展很有好處。”

隨著現代戰爭和軍事計劃越來越需要復雜的技術和操縱能力，現代化部隊急需受過良好教育的人才來完全掌握復雜的裝備。據北京征兵辦公室消息，和2001年北京首次征召大學生入伍相比，大學生入伍比率從0.1%提升到60%。學士以上的學位有助申請入伍的成功率，如果你具有某些特別領域的知識，就更有優勢。譬如，各國之間軍事交流中需要語言能力，語言專業的人就很有優勢，電子通訊或電子學是未來軍事競爭的關鍵領域，對這類人才的需求也很高。

為了吸引更多的高素質人才入伍，有關大學畢業生征召的宣傳和獎勵計劃一直在進行。事實上，這種入伍的經歷很有意義，可以開闊視野，也可以讓你有更多時間思考自己未來的事業，以及是否愿意投身部隊。

【答案】IfaChinesecollegestudentintendedtoenlistasasoldierinthearmy,ittookalotofcouragefiveyearsago.Buttoday,moreandmorecollegestudentschoosetobecomeanarmysoldierduetotheneedsofthearmiesforseniortalents,aswellasthenewpoliciesencouragingstudentstojointhearmy.

24-year-oldZhou,asfinancemajor,isalsoturninghisattentiontotheforceinordertoseekhisowndevelopment.Earlierthismonth,hejustpassedthephysicalexaminationofthecalltoarmy.“Ihopeastockybodyandastrongmindcanbegainedbythethoroughtrainingoftheforce.I’mnotbotheredaboutmycareerdevelopmentafterjoiningthearmy;onthecontrary,Ithinkitbenefitstomycareerdevelopment.”

Modernarmiesbadlyneedthewell-educatedpeopletocompletethecomplicatedequipment,asthemodernwarfareandthemilitaryplansincreasinglyneedcomplextechniqueandoperationalcapability.Itistheconscriptionofficestatedthatcomparingwithfirstlyenlistingrecruitsfromcollegestudentsin2001,theenrolleesfromuniversitygraduatesincreasefrom0.1%to60%inBeijing.Bachelororabovewillbeusefulforthesuccessfulapplicationoftherecruitment.Youwillhavemoreadvantagesifyoumaintaintheknowledgeinsomespecificfield.Forexample,thepersonoflanguagemajorhasabigadvantageduetotheneedofthelanguagecompetenceforthemilitaryexchanges.Thequalifiedpersonfromelectroniccommunicationsorelectronicswhichrepresentakeyfieldofthefuturemilitarycompetitionhasahighdemand.

Inordertoattractmorehigh-qualitytalentstojointhearmy,publicityandrewardsprogramhavebeenengaginginthecollegegraduatesbeingcalledup.Infact,thisismeaningful,whichbroadensyourhorizons,leavesmoretimeformappingoutyourwholefuturecareeraswellaswhetherornottobewillingtoengageintheforces.

2.單選題

Asuitcasewithshirts,trousers,andshoes（

）stolenfromthecar.

問題1選項

A.havebeen

B.hasbeen

C.are

D.was

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞時態與主謂一致。本句的主語asuitcase為單數，withshirts,trousers,andshoes作句子的伴隨狀語，故謂語動詞用單數形式，排除A、C選項，此處表示被動且沒有完成時態標志詞，因此選D。句意：一個裝有襯衫、褲子和鞋子的手提箱在車上被偷了。

3.單選題

Hedevelopeda（）attitudeafteryearsoffrustrationinhiscareer.

問題1選項

A.encouraged

B.disgusted

C.drastic

D.cynical

【答案】D

【解析】encouraged鼓舞人心的；disgusted厭煩的；drastic激烈的；cynical憤世嫉俗的。句意：在經歷了多年的事業挫折之后，他變得憤世嫉俗。選項D符合語境。

4.單選題

Gender-basedviolenceencompassesawiderangeofhumanrightsviolations,includingsexualabuseofchildren,rape,domesticviolence,sexualassaultandharassment,traffickingofwomenandgirlsandseveralharmfultraditionalpractices.

問題1選項

A.battering

B.trading

C.venerating

D.craving

【答案】B

【解析】句意：基于性別的暴力包括廣泛的侵犯人權行為，包括對兒童的性虐待、強奸、家庭暴力、性侵犯和騷擾、……婦女和女童以及若干有害的傳統做法。A選項battering“重創；連續打擊”；B選項trading“交易；貿易”；C選項venerating“崇敬；尊敬”；D選項craving“渴望；熱望”。因為句中所列問題都屬于侵犯人權行為，因此B選項“販賣婦女”符合句意。

5.單選題

SnowbegantofallatroundaboutthebeginningoftheNewYearandcontinuedonandofffor______tendays.

問題1選項

A.appropriately

B.exceedingly

C.approximately

D.apprehensively

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A項appropriately“適當地，合適地，相稱地”，B項exceedingly“非常，極其，極度地”，C項approximately“大約，近似地，近于”，D項apprehensively“擔心地”。由tendays“10天”可知，“大約地”符合語境。句意：大約在新年伊始就下起了雪，斷斷續續下了大約十天。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

6.單選題

Televisionhasbecomequiteavigorousactivity.Sittingupisexhaustingsomostpeople（）downwhilewatchingtelevision.

問題1選項

A.lay

B.lie

C.lying

D.lied

【答案】B

【解析】形近詞辨析。根據句意可知這里應填入動詞且意為“躺”,首先排除選項A和C；句子時態為一般現在時,所以選項B正確。

7.單選題

Occasionalself-medicationhasalwaysbeenpartofnormalliving.Themakingandsellingofdrugshasalonghistoryandiscloselylinked,likemedicalpracticeitself,withthebeliefinmagic.Onlyduringthelasthundredyearsorsohasthedevelopmentofscientifictechniquesmadeitpossibleforsomeofthecausesofsymptomstobeunderstood,sothatmoreaccuratediagnosishasbecomepossible.Thedoctorisnowabletofollowupthecorrectdiagnosisofmanyillnesseswithspecifictreatmentoftheircauses.Inmanyotherillnesses,ofwhichthecausesremainunknown,itisstilllimited,liketheunqualifiedprescribes,tothetreatmentofsymptoms.Thedoctoristrainedtodecidewhentotreatsymptomsonlyandwhentoattackthecause:thisistheessentialdifferencebetweenmedicalprescribingandself-medication.

Theadvanceoftechnologyhasbroughtaboutmuchprogressinsomefieldsofmedicine,includingthedevelopmentofscientificdrugtherapy.Inmanycountriespublichealthorganizationisimprovingandpeople’snutritionalstandardshavearisen.Parallelwithsuchbeneficialtrendsaretwowhichhaveanadverseeffect.Oneistheuseofhigh-pressureadvertisingbythepharmaceuticalindustry,whichhastendedtoinfluencebothpatientsanddoctorsandhasledtotheoveruseofdrugsgenerally.Theotheristheemergenceofthesedentarysocietywithitsfaultywaysoflife:lackofexercise,over-eating,unsuitableeating,insufficientsleep,excessivesmokinganddrinking.Peoplewithdisordersarisingfromfaultyhabitssuchasthese,aswellasfromunhappyhumanrelationships,oftenresorttoself-medicationandsoaddthetakingofpharmaceuticalstothelist.Advertisersgotogreatlengthstocatchthismarket.

Cleveradvertising,aimedatchronicsuffererswhowilltryanythingbecausedoctorshavenotbeenabletocurethem,caninducesuchfaithinapreparation,particularlyifsteeplypriced,thatitwillproduce-bysuggestion-averyrealeffectinsomepeople.Advertisementsarealsoaimedatpeoplesufferingfrommildcomplaintssuchassimplecoldsandcoughs,whichclearupbythemselveswithinashorttime.

Thesearethemainreasonswhylaxatives,indigestionremedies,painkillers,tonics,vitaminandirontabletsandmanyotherpreparationsarefoundinquantityinmanyhouseholds.Itisdoubtfulwhethertakingthesethingseverimprovesaperson’shealth;itmayevenmakeitworse.Worsebecausethepreparationmaycontainunsuitableingredients;worsebecausethetakermaybecomedependentonthem;worsebecausetheymightbetakeninexcess;worsebecausetheymaycausepoisoning,andworseofallbecausesymptomsofsomeseriousunderlyingcausemaybemaskedandthereforemedicalhelpmaynotbesought.

1.Thefirstparagraphisintendedto（

）.

2.Advertisementsareaimedatpeoplesufferingfrommildcomplaintsbecause

（

）.

3.Paragraphs2and3explain

（

）.

4.InParagraph4theauthorillustrates

（

）.

5.Thebesttitleforthetextwouldbe（

）.

問題1選項

A.suggestthatself-medicationhasalonghistory

B.distinguishbetweenmedicalprescribingandself-medication

C.praisedoctorsfortheirexpertise

D.tellthesymptomsfromthecauses

問題2選項

A.theyoftenwatchadsonTV

B.theyaremorelikelytobuythedrugsadvertised

C.theygenerallyleadasedentarylife

D.theydon’ttaketosportsandeasilycatchcolds

問題3選項

A.thatgoodthingsarenotwithoutsideeffects

B.whycleveradvertisingissopowerful

C.whyinmodemtimesself-medicationisstillpracticed

D.whypeopledevelopfaultywaysoflife

問題4選項

A.thereasonsforkeepingmedicinesathome

B.people’sdoubtabouttakingdrugs

C.whyitmaybeworsetotakedrugsbyoneself

D.thepossibleharmsself-medicationmaydotopeople

問題5選項

A.MedicalPractice

B.CleverAdvertising

C.Self-medication

D.Self-treatment

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.考察推理判斷。文章第一段第一句occasionalself-medicationhasalwaysbeenpartofnormalliving提到偶爾的自我治療已經成了人們正常生活中的一部分，接下來又提到了由于近百年來科學技術的發展，使得制藥跟買藥的現象越來越普遍，這些都是說明自我治療已經有一段很長的歷史了。選項A符合題意。

2.考察推理判斷。文章第三段倒數第二句Advertisementsarealsoaimedatpeoplesufferingfrommildcomplaintssuchassimplecoldsandcoughs,whichclearupbythemselveswithinashorttime提到廣告人將目標定在那些得感冒或者咳嗽的人身上，因為得這些小毛病的人都愿意在短時間內自行買藥治療，選項B符合題意。

3.考察細節事實。文章第二段提到科技進步帶動了醫學的進步，但是醫學進步又產生了兩個不利的影響，一是各種醫藥廣告盛行甚至導致過度服用藥物，二是久坐不動的現象越發嚴重，人們不愛運動、過度飲食、抽煙等各種不好的生活習慣。文章第三段主要講述了聰明的廣告人針對有需要的人打廣告。這兩段講述了由于生活習慣，由于廣告的影響，人們愿意去買藥物自行治療。選項C符合題意。

4.考察細節事實。文章第四段主要講述了自我治療是否會導致情況更遭：Worsebecausethepreparationmaycontainunsuitableingredients;worsebecausethetakermaybecomedependentonthem;worsebecausetheymightbetakeninexcess;worsebecausetheymaycausepoisoning,andworseofallbecausesymptomsofsomeseriousunderlyingcausemaybemaskedandthereforemedicalhelpmaynotbesought，列舉出了很多情況，比如購買的藥物可能有不恰當的成分、使用者會依賴這些藥物、使用者可能過去食用等等。選項D符合題意。

5.考察主旨大意。文章第一段講述了自我治療的歷史；第二段講述了自我治療出現的原因；第三段講述了廣告商對自我治療產生的影響；第四段講述了自我治療有可能會引發的問題。由此可知，全文都是在講述自我治療。選項C符合題意。

8.單選題

Atthedrugstore,thepharmacistrefusedtogivemeanymedicinebecauseshecouldnotread（）.

問題1選項

A.description

B.prescription

C.inscription

D.subscription

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A:description“描繪，描述”；B:prescription“處方（醫生開出的）”；C:inscription“鑄幣上的刻印文字，銘文，碑文”；D:subscription“統一，贊成，訂閱”。句意：在藥房，醫師拒絕賣給我任何的藥物，因為她無法辨認醫生的處方。由句意可知B為正確答案。

9.單選題

Becausethemonkeysunderstudyarehabituatedtothepresenceofhumanbeings,theytypicallydisregardhumanobserversandgoabouttheirbusiness.

問題1選項

A.welcome

B.ignore

C.disrespect

D.avoid

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。句意：因為被研究的猴子已經習慣了人類的存在，它們通常不理會人類的觀察，只顧自己的事。A選項welcome“歡迎”；B選項ignore“忽視，不理睬”；C選項disrespect“失禮，不敬”；D選項avoid“避免”。disregard意為“忽視，無視”，選項B與之意思相近，代入符合語境。

10.單選題

Whendepartmentstoreshaveanoversupplyofgoods,theyfrequently（）pricestoencouragesales.

問題1選項

A.conceal

B.review

C.damage

D.reduce

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項conceal“隱藏；隱瞞”；B選項review“回顧；檢查；復審”；C選項damage“損害，毀壞”D選項reduce“減少；降低”。句意：當百貨公司的商品供過于求時，他們經常降價以促進銷量?？崭裉巹釉~的賓語是“價格”，根據后面的“以促進銷量”可知D項符合句意。

11.單選題

Thepost-WorldWarIIbaby___resultedina43%increaseinthenumberofteenagersinthe1960sand1970s.

問題1選項

A.boost

B.boom

C.production

D.prosperity

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項boost“推動；幫助；宣揚”；B選項boom“繁榮；（某種體育運動、音樂等）突然風靡的時期；吊桿；隆隆聲；水柵；帆桁”；C選項production“成果；產品；生產；作品”；D選項prosperity“繁榮，成功”。結合空格前baby，組成固定搭配babyboom“嬰兒潮；生育高峰”。句意：二戰后的嬰兒潮導致60年代和70年代的青少年人數增加了43%。B選項正確。

12.單選題

We’veseena(n)

(

)

trendofconsumerssayingtheywillspendmore,fromholidayshoppingto2012travelplans,andspendingplansforFeb.14arenoexception.

問題1選項

A.consistent

B.persistent

C.insistent

D.resistant

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近形容詞辨析。consistent“前后一致的；堅持的“；persistent”固執的；堅持的“；insistent”堅持的；迫切的；顯著的“；resistant”反抗的；頑固的“。句意：從假日購物到2012年的旅游計劃，我們已經看到消費者將增加消費的……傾向，2月14日的消費計劃也不例外。按照句意，A選項符合，指這種消費傾向保持一致。

13.單選題

Sometimes,themessagesareconveyedthroughdeliberate,consciousgestures;othertimes,ourbodiestalkwithoutourevenknowing.

問題1選項

A.definite

B.intentional

C.delicate

D.interactive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。deliberate“故意的；深思熟慮的；從容的”；A選項definite“一定的；確切的”；B選項intentional“故意的；蓄意的；策劃的”；C選項delicate“微妙的；精美的；柔和的；易碎的”；D選項interactive“交互式的；相互作用的”。句意：有時，信息是通過故意的、有意識的手勢來傳達的；其他時候，我們的身體在不知不覺中說話。根據句中“withoutourevenknowing在我們甚至不知曉的情況下”可知deliberate在這里的意思應為“故意的”，因此B選項正確。

14.單選題

Sherefusedtolettheinjurykeepherfrom（

）hergoalofbeingintheOlympics.

問題1選項

A.detaining

B.attaining

C.screwing

D.sifting

【答案】B

【解析】考察動詞詞義辨析。detain“拘留；耽擱”；attain“達到，實現”；screw“轉動，擰”；sift“篩選”。句意：她不會讓受傷阻止她實現參加奧運會的目標。選項B符合題意。

15.單選題

Accordingtothereport,threesuspectsescapedfromthelocalpolicestationandarestill______.

問題1選項

A.inlarge

B.atlarge

C.byandlarge

D.largely

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項inlarge“大規模的”，B項atlarge“詳盡的，未被捕的”，C項byandlarge“大體地”，D項largely“主要地，大部分”。根據關鍵詞suspects（嫌疑人）和policestation（派出所）可推斷，空格處應該表示“未被捕”的意思，四個選項中只有B選項能表達出句子的意思。句意：據報道，三名嫌疑人從當地派出所逃跑，目前仍在逃。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

16.單選題

Theprimeminister’sproposalfornewtaxescreatedsucha(an)（

）thathisgovernmentfell.

問題1選項

A.sensation

B.upheaval

C.withdrawal

D.outbreak

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項sensation“轟動”；B選項upheaval“動亂，劇變”；C選項withdrawal“撤退”；D選項outbreak“爆發”。

句意：首相的新稅提案造成了如此大的動蕩，以至于他的政府垮臺了。根據下文的內容可知，選項B更符合語境。

17.翻譯題

B:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

ThisnewnormaloftheChineseeconomywillcontinuetobringmoreopportunitiesoftrade,growth,investmentandcooperationforothercountriesinAsiaandbeyond.Inthecomingfiveyears,ChinawillimportmorethanUS$10trillionofgoods,ChineseinvestmentabroadwillexceedUS$500billion,andmorethan500millionoutboundvisitswillbemadebyChinesetourists.Chinawillsticktoitsbasicstatepolicyofopeningup,improveitsinvestmentclimate,andprotectthelawfulrightsandinterestsofinvestors.Ibelievethattogether,thepeopleofAsiancountriescoulddrivethistrainofAsia’sdevelopmenttotakeAsiatoanevenbrighterfuture.

【答案】中國經濟發展進入新常態，將繼續給包括亞洲國家在內的世界各國提供更多市場、增長、投資、合作機遇。未來5年，中國進口商品將超過10萬億美元，對外投資將超過5000億美元，出境旅游人數將超過5億人次。中國將堅持對外開放的基本國策，不斷完善國內投資環境，保護投資者合法權益。我相信，亞洲各國人民能夠共同推動亞洲發展的這一列車，把亞洲帶向更加光明的未來。

18.單選題

Aboutacenturyago,theSwedishphysicalscientistArrheniusproposedalawofclassicalchemistrythatrelateschemicalreactionratetotemperature.AccordingtotheArrheniusequation,chemicalreactionsareincreasinglyunlikelytooccurastemperaturesapproachabsolutezero,andatabsolutezero(zerodegreesKelvin,orminus273degreesCelsius)reactionsstop.However,recentexperimentalevidencerevealsthatalthoughtheArrheniusequationisgenerallyaccurateindescribingthekindofchemicalreactionthatoccursatrelativelyhightemperatures,attemperaturesclosertozeroaquantum-mechanicaleffectknownastunnelingcomesintoplay;thiseffectaccountsforchemicalreactionsthatareforbiddenbytheprinciplesofclassicalchemistry.Specifically,entiremoleculescan‘"tunnel”throughthebarriersofrepulsiveforcesfromothermoleculesandchemicallyreacteventhoughthesemoleculesdonothavesufficientenergy,accordingtoclassicalchemistry,toovercometherepulsivebarrier.

Therateofanychemicalreaction,regardlessofthetemperatureatwhichittakesplace,usuallydependsonaveryimportantcharacteristicknownasitsactivationenergy.Anymoleculecanbeimaginedtoresideatthebottomofaso-calledpotentialwellofenergy.Achemicalreactioncorrespondstothetransitionofamoleculefromthebottomofonepotentialwelltothebottomofanother.Inclassicalchemistry,suchatransitioncanbeaccomplishedonlybygoingoverthepotentialbarrierbetweenthewells,theheightofwhichremainconstantandarecalledtheactivationenergyofthereaction.Intunneling,thereactingmoleculestunnelfromthebottomofonetothebottomofanotherwellwithouthavingtoriseoverthebarrierbetweenthetwowells.Recentlyresearchershavedevelopedtheconceptoftunnelingtemperature:thetemperaturebelowwhichtunnelingtransitionsgreatlyoutnumberArrheniustransitions,andclassicalmechanicsgiveswaytoitsquantumcounterpart.

Thistunnelingphenomenonatverylowtemperaturessuggestedmyhypothesisaboutacoldprehistoryoflife:theformationofrathercomplexorganicmoleculesinthedeepcoldofouterspace,wheretemperaturesusuallyreachonlyafewdegreesKelvin.Cosmicrays(high-energyprotonsandotherparticles)mighttriggerthesynthesisofsimplemolecules,suchasinterstellarformaldehyde,indarkcloudsofinterstellardust.Afterwardcomplexorganicmoleculeswouldbeformed,slowlybutsurely,bymeansoftunneling.AfterIofferedmyhypothesis,HoyleandWickramasinghearguedthatmoleculesofinterstellarformaldehydehaveindeedevolvedintostablepolysaccharidessuchascelluloseandstarch.Theirconclusions,althoughstronglydisputed,havegeneratedexcitementamonginvestigatorssuchasmyselfwhoareproposingthatthegalacticcloudsaretheplaceswherethepre-biologicalevolutionofcompoundsnecessarytolifeoccurred.

1.Theauthorofthepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,classicalchemicalreactionsandtunnelingreactionsarealikeinwhichofthefollowingways?

3.Theauthor’sattitudetowardthetheoryofacoldpre-historyoflifecanbestbedescribedat（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthehypothesisofHoyleandWickramasingheasitispresentedinthepassage?

5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthefirsttwoparagraphsofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.initiatingadebateaboutthekindsofchemicalreactionsrequiredforthedevelopmentoflife

B.explaininghowcurrentresearchinchemistrymayberelatedtobroaderbiologicalconcerns

C.reconcilingopposingtheoriesaboutchemicalreactions

D.clarifyinginherentambiguitiesinthelawofclassicalchemistry

問題2選項

A.Inbothtypesofreactions,reactingmoleculeshavetoriseoverthebarrierbetweenthewells.

B.Inneithertypeofreactiondoestherateofachemicalreactiondependonitsactivitiesenergy.

C.Inneithertypeofreactiondoestheheightofthebarrierbetweenthewellsremainconstant

D.Inbothtypesofreaction,atransitionismadefromthebottomofonepotentialwelltothebottomofanother.

問題3選項

A.skeptical

B.mildlypositive

C.verysupportive

D.pointedlycritical

問題4選項

A.Cosmicrayscandirectlysynthesizecomplexorganicmolecules.

B.Moleculesofinterstellarformaldehydecanevolveintocomplexorganicmolecules.

C.Thegalacticcloudsaretheplaceswherepre-biologicalevolutionofcompoundsnecessarytolifeoccurred.

D.Complexorganicmoleculescanbesynthesizedfromstablepolysaccharidessuchascelluloseandstarch.

問題5選項

A.Theauthorpresentsalawofclassicalchemistryinordertointroduceakindofchemicalreactionthatdiffersfromitandthenexplainstheessentialdifferencebetweenthetwo.

B.Theauthorcitesanapparentcontradictiontotheprinciplesofclassicalchemistryandthenexplainstheprocessofachemicalreactiontoshowthereisinfactnocontradiction.

C.Theauthorcitesabasicprincipleofclassicalchemistryandthendescribestheresearchfromwhichthatprinciplewasdeveloped.

D.Theauthorpresentsthefundamentalrulesofclassicalchemistryinordertointroduceanexplanationofaspecificchemicalreaction.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據最后一段內容及第一句Thistunnelingphenomenonatverylowtemperaturessuggestedmyhypothesisaboutacoldprehistoryoflife:theformationofrathercomplexorganicmoleculesinthedeepcoldofouterspace,wheretemperaturesusuallyreachonlyafewdegreesKelvin.這種極低溫隧道效應表明了的關于史前生命的理論：在外太空能夠極度寒冷的條件下，在這里通常溫度只有幾K的情況下的相當復雜的有機分子的形成。作者第一段講了超低溫下的化學反應，第二段承接第一段，講了外太空溫度與生命有機體形成的相關問題討論，所以A選項“發起一個關于生命形成所需的各種化學反應種類的討論”正確。B項意為“解釋當前的化學研究是如何與更廣泛的生物學問題相關聯”；C項意為“協調關于化學反應的反對理論”；D項意為“澄清經典化學在法律上的含糊不清”不符合，排除。

2.題目問道經典化學反應和隧道效應在哪方面相似。由文章第二段的內容及第三句Achemicalreactioncorrespondstothetransitionofamoleculefromthebottomofonepotentialwelltothebottomofanother.—個化學反應與化學分子從一個勢阱的底部到另一個勢阱的底部所產生的轉變有關，可知應選D選項“在兩種反應種類中，從一個勢阱的底部到另一個勢阱的底部所產生的轉換”正確。

3.根據文章最后一段第一句Thistunnelingphenomenonatverylowtemperaturessuggestedmyhypothesisaboutacoldprehistoryoflife:theformationofrathercomplexorganicmoleculesinthedeepcoldofouterspace,wheretemperaturesusuallyreachonlyafewdegreesKelvin.這種極低溫隧道效應表明了我的關于史前生命的假設：在外太空能夠極度寒冷的條件下，在這里通常溫度只有幾K的情況下的相當復雜的有機分子的形成。說明作者對于這個寒冷的史前生命的理論是有積極態度的，但并沒有完全支持，B選項意為“適當積極的”正確，C選項表達太絕對。

4.題目問道下列哪項能最好地描述霍伊爾和Wickramasinghe的猜想。通過最后一段的闡述，尤其是Cosmicrays（high-energyprotonsandotherparticles）mighttriggerthesynthesisofsimplemolecules,suchasinterstellarformaldehyde,indarkcloudsofinterstellardust.宇宙射線（高能質子和其他粒子）可能引發合成簡單的分子，如星際甲醛，在烏云的星際塵埃。以及moleculesofinterstellarformaldehydehaveindeedevolvedintostablepolysaccharidessuchascelluloseandstarch星際分子甲酸確實演變成穩定的纖維素和淀粉等多糖確定B選項“星際分子甲醛可以進化成復雜的有機分子”正確。

5.下列哪一項最能描述文章前兩段的結構?A項意為“作者提出了一種經典化學法以介紹一種不同于它的化學反應，然后解釋了兩者之間的本質區別”；B項意為“作者引用了一個明顯矛盾的經典化學原則，，然后解釋化學反應的過程實際上是沒有矛盾”；C項意為“作者引用了經典的化學基本原理，然后描述了研究開發了這一原則”；D項意為“作者介紹了經典化學的基本規則是為了介紹特定化學反應的一個解釋?！备鶕膬热荽_定A選項符合題意。

19.單選題

Beinginnogreathurry,（

）.

問題1選項

A.wewentthelongrouteandscenery

B.thelong,scenicroutewasourpreference

C.wetookthelong,scenicroute

D.ourpreferencewastakingthelong,scenicroute.

【答案】C

【解析】考查非謂語前半句為現在分詞作狀語，其邏輯主語應為we.采取……路線通常用take…route.故C項正確。句意：由于我們不趕時間，所以選了一條長的，風景好的路線。

20.單選題

Thecompanyisonthevergeofbankruptcy,andthousandsofjobsareat（）.

問題1選項

A.danger

B.loss

C.threat

D.stake

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。atloss困惑不解；atstake兇吉難卜；選項A和C通常不和at搭配。句意：這家公司瀕臨破產，成千上萬的工作崗位岌岌可危。選項D符合句意。

21.單選題

Althoughthereareoccasionaloutbreaksofgunfire,wecanreportthattherebellionhasinthemainbeen（）.

問題1選項

A.canceled

B.destroyed

C.suppressed

D.restrained

【答案】C

【解析】句意:雖然偶爾會爆發槍聲，但我們可以報道，叛亂基本上已被鎮壓。

考查動詞辨析。選項均為對應動詞的過去分詞形式。cancel取消;刪去；destroy破壞;消滅;毀壞;suppress抑制；鎮壓；restrain抑制；約束。該動詞的主語是therebellion(這場叛亂)，因此C項符合句意。

22.單選題

Plato’sRepublichasbeenthesourceofgreatconsternation,especiallyinliterarycircles,foritsattackonthepoets.Socratesinfactassertsthattheyshouldhavenoplaceintheidealstate.EricHavelocksuggeststhatthereareseveralmisunderstandingsinthisregard,andinhisPrefacetoPlatoheidentifiestheissues,andexplainsthehistoricalcontext.

HavelockopenshisdiscussionbysuggestingthattheverytitleoftheRepublicisthesourceofmuchconfusion.Thebookiscommonlyunderstoodtobeatreatiseontheidealpoliticalentity,butevenacasualanalysiswillshowthatonlyone-thirdofthetextisconcernedwithstatecraft.Theothertwo-thirdscoveravarietyofsubjects,butthethrustofPlato’sargumentamountstoanattackonthetraditionalGreekapproachtoeducation.

Theeducationalmethodsstillinuseinthe4thcenturyBChadtheiroriginsinwhathasbeencalledtheGreekDarkAgebeginningaround1200BCwhentheMycenaeaneracollapsed.Verylittleisknownaboutthewhysandwhereforesofthiscollapse,butitwasn’tuntilaround700BCthatthePhoenicianalphabetbegantobeadoptedandusedintheGreek-speakingworld.Duringtheinterveningcenturies,allknowledgeconcerningGreekhistory,culture,moresandlawswereorallytransmitteddownthroughthegenerations.Themosteffectivedeviceinaidofmemorizingvastamountsofinformationwasrhyme.TheepicformweseeinHomer’sIliadgrewoutoftheneedtopreservetheGreekculturalmemory.HavelocktakesthereaderthroughBook1ofTheIliadanddissectsitin

detailtoshowhowthiscultural,historicalandethicalheritagewasconveyed.TheIliadtakesonnewandsignificantmeaningtothereaderofthisminuteexamination.

TheIliadandpresumablyotherpoeticvehiclesweretaughttochildrenfromanearlyage.ThewholeoftheGreek-speakingworldwasimmersedintheprojectofmemorizing,andoutofthemassesarosethoseindividualswithsuperiormemoriesandtheatricalskillswhobecamethenextgenerationofminstrelsandteachers.Educationwasthuscomprisedofmemorizationandrotelearning,andthepeopleenjoyedconstantremindersthroughpublicreadingsandfestivals.

Plato’sfocusintheRepublicandelsewhereisonHomerandHesiodandtosomeextentthedramatistswhichatthetimewerethecenterpiecesoftheeducationalregime.Theirworkspresentedgodsandheroesasfundamentallyimmoralandthusbadexamplesforyouth.TheoverallresultisthattheGreekadolescentiscontinuallyconditionedtoanattitudewhichatbottomiscynical.Itismoreimportanttokeepupappearancesthantopracticethereality.Decorumanddecentbehaviorarenotobviouslyviolated,buttheinnerprincipleofmoralityis.OncetheRepublicisviewedasacritiqueoftheeducationalregime,Havelocksaysthatthelogicofitstotalorganizationbecomesclear.

WhatPlatowasrailingagainstwasan“oralstateofmind”whichseemstohavepersistedeventhoughthealphabetandwrittendocumentationhadbeeninuseforthreecenturies.IlliteracywasthusstillawidespreadprobleminPlato’stime,andthepoeticstateofmindwasthemainobstacletoscientificrationalismandanalysis.ThisiswhyPlatoregardedthepoeticororalstateofmindasthearch-enemy.Inhisteachingshedidtheopposite.Heaskedhisstudentsto“thinkaboutwhattheyweresayinginsteadofjustsayingit.’’Theepichadbecome,inPlato’sview,not“anactofcreationbutanactofreminderandrecall”andcontributedtowhatHavelockterms“theHomericstateofmind.”ItwasSocrates’project(andbyextensionPlato’s)toreformGreekeducationtoencouragethinkingandanalysis.Thusalltherantingandrailingaboutthe“poets”inPlato’sRepublicwaslimitedbasicallytoHomerandHesiodbecauseofwhatheviewedasawhollyinadequateapproachtoeducationofwhichtheseparticularpoetswereanintegralpart.

Unfortunately,WesternculturehasmisconstruedwhatPlatoandSocratesmeantby“thepoets”.Andbecauseweviewpoetryasahighlycreativeandelevatedformofexpression,ourcriticshavefailedtorecognizethatPlato’sdiatribehadaveryspecificandlimitedtargetwhichhadnothingtodowithhigh-mindedcreativity,ofwhichthereisplenty,bytheway,intheproscribedpoets.Itwasn’treallythepoetswhoweretheproblem;itwastheuseofthemthatwasdeemedunacceptable.

Post-Havelock，wecannowreadtheRepublicwiththescalesliftedfromoureyesandseeitforwhatitreallywas:anindictmentofanantiquatededucationalregimewhichhadnoplaceinademocraticsociety.

1.ThemistakenunderstandingofPlato’sRepublicconsistsinthewidespreadbeliefthatitconsistsof（

）.

2.AccordingtoHavelock,Plato’sangerwiththepoetsarosefrom:

I:Theirrepresentationofgodsandheroesasfundamentallyimmoralandthusbadexamplesforyouth.

II:Theirtransmissionofculture,moresandlaws.

3.Priortothe4thcenturyBC,recitationwasconsideredthebesteducationalmethodbecause

（

）.

4.InPlato’sdiatribethepoeticororalstateofmindisthearch-enemyof

（

）.

5.Acommoncritiqueofthepresent-dayChineseeducationalsystemresemblestheeducationalsystemthatPlatofulminatedagainstinthatitoften（

）.

問題1選項

A.literarycriticism

B.atreatiseontheidealpolity

C.acritiqueofrationalism

D.anindictmentofanobsoletepedagogy

問題2選項

A.I.

B.II.

C.BothIandII.

D.NeitherInorII.

問題3選項