C++復習資料(源代碼)西安財經大學信息學院軟件工程1202:羅偉著⑴析構順序模型#include<iostream>#include<string>#include<iomanip>usingnamespacestd;classA{public:A(int,string);?A();private:intid;stringmessage;};A::A(intid2,stringmessage2){id=id2;message=message2;cout<<"對象:”<<id<<"構造函數正在運行:"<<set\M4)<<message<<endl;cout?"\n";}A::?A(){cout?(id==2||id==6)?"\n":HH;cout<〈”對象:”<<id<<”析構函數正在運行:”<<set>A44)<<message<<endl;cout?"\n";}voidcreat(void);Afirst(l,”全局對象”)；intmain(){cout<<”主函數現在執行:\n”《endl;Asecond(2,”(主函數中的局部對象)”)；staticAthird(3,”(主函數中的靜態對象)”)；creat();cout<ぐ主函數再次執行:\n";Aforth(4,”(主函數中的局部對象)”)；cout<<”主函數執行完畢、n”；return0;}voidcreat(void){cout?"creat函數開始執行:\n"?endl;Afifth(5；,(creat中的局部對象)”)；staticAsixth(6/*(creat中的靜態對象)”)；Aseventh。,”(creat中的局部對象)”)；cout?"creat函數結束:\n"?endl;}析構時先析構局部(動態)對象,后析構全局(靜態)對象。靜態變量(對象)等價于全局變量(對象),動態變量(對象)等價于局部變量(對象)。當函數退出程序段(包括主函數或者自定義的函數段)開始調用析構函數,和構造函數調用的順序相反。(2):const模型#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classA{public:A(intc=O,inti=0);〃這里是為對象設置默認值,若不對私有變量賦值則使用默認值;同時A(int=。,int=O)還可以改為A(intc=O,inti=O)的形式〃voidaddA(){count+=a;}voidprint()const;private:intcount;constinta;}；A::A(intc,inti):count(c),a(i)(}voidA::print()const{cout?"countis"?count?""?"ais:"?a;}intmain(){Avae,vbe(12,12);vae.print();cout?"\n";vbe.print();cout?"\n";vbe.addA();vbe.print();return0;}Const數據和引用數據變量必須定義時為其賦值。采用成員初始化器,const數據一定以后就不能被修改。Const成員函數不能修改對象。而const對象只能調用const函數,非const函數可以調用const和非const函數。Static成員變量可看成全局變量,可以被公有地訪問。即類名::變量名。(3)組合模型：#include<iostream>#include<cstring>usingnamespacestd;classdate{public:date(int=l,int=l,int=1900);voidprint()const;?date。;private:intmonth;intday;intyear;intcheakday(int)const;|；date::date(intmnjntdyjntyr){month=(0<mn&&mn<=12)?mn:l;year=yr;day=cheakday(dy);print();)voiddate::print()const{cout?month?7"?day?7"?year?"\n"?endl;)date::?date。{cout?"date析構函數:、n”；print();}intdate::cheakday(inttestday)const{staticconstintdayspermonth[13]{0,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31}；if(O<testday&&testday<dayspermonth[month])returntestday;if(monthニニ2&&testdayニニ29&&(year%400==01|(year%4==0&&year&100!=0)))returntestday;elsereturn28;}classemployee{public:employee(constchar*const,constchar*const,constdate&,constdate&);voidprint()const;?employee。;private:charfirstname[25];charlastname[25];constdatebirth;constdatehire;};employee::employee(constchar*constfirst,constchar*constlast,constdate&birthdate,constdate&hiredate):birth(birthdate),hire(hiredate){intlenth=strlen(first);strncpy(firstname,first,lenth);firstname[lenth]='\O';lenth=strlen(last);strncpy(lastname,last,lenth);lastname[lenth]='\O';cout<<”姓名:"<<firstname<<""<<lastname;}voidemployee::print()const{cout?firstname?""?lastname?":"?"hired"?"\n";hire.print();birth.print();}employee::?employee。{cout?"employee析構函數:"<<firstname<<""<<lastname;}intmain。{datebirth(7,26,1993);datehire(6,7,2014);employeemanager("羅","偉",birth,hire);cout?"\n";manager.print。;return0;)組合:成員對象也要用成員初始化器賦值。⑷友元函數模型#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classcount{friendvoidsetx(count&,int);public:count(int=5);voidprint()const;private:intx;)；count::count(intx2):x(x2)voidcount::print()const{cout?"x="?x?"\n";}voidsetx(count&CJntvae){C.x=vae;}intmain(){countA;cout?"A的初值:,'?"\nn;A.print();setx(Az6);cout?HA的新值:“〈ぐ、n”；A.print();return0;}⑸this指針模型:#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classtest{public:test(int=1);voidprint()const;private:intx;};test::test(intvae):x(vae)(}voidtest::print()const{cout?"x=n?x;cout?"\nthis->="?this->x;cout?"\n(*this).x="?(*this).x;}intmain(){testA(6);A.print();return0;}⑹模板模型/*#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;template<typenameT>voidprintarray(constT*array,intn){inti;for(i=0;i<n;i++)cout?array[i]?ncout?"\n";}intmain(){constintA=5;constintB=6;constintC=7;inta[A]={l,2,3,4/5)；floatb[B={LI22,3344556.6};charc[C]="ABCDEF";printarray(a,A);printarray(b,B);printarray(c,C);return0;)*/#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;template<typenameT>classstack{public:stack(int=10);boolisfull(){returntop==size-l;}boolisempty(){returntop==-l;}boolpush(constT&);boolpop(T&);private:intsize;T*stackptr;inttop;}；template<typenameT>stack<T>::stack(ints):size(s>0?s:10)zstackptr(newT[size]),top(-1){cout<〈”構造函數運行完畢:\n"；)template<typenameT>boolstack<T>::push(constT&ave){if(!(isfull()))

stackptr[++top]=ave;returntrue;}elsereturnfalse;}template<typenameT>boolstack<T>::pop(T&vae){if(lisemptyO){vae=stackptr[top-];returntrue;}elsereturnfalse;}intmain(){stack<double>A(7);doublevae=l.l;cout?"l將元素依次進棧:\n”;while(A.push(vae)){cout?vae?'7'；vae+=l.l;}cout<ぐ、nl棧滿,無法進棧:\n";cout<〈”將元素依次出棧:\n"；while(A.pop(vae))cout?vae?'7,;cout<ぐ、nl棧空,無法出棧:、n”;stack<int>B(6);intvoe=2;cout?"2將元素依次進棧:、n”;while(B.push(voe)){cout?voe?*7'；voe++;}cout<ぐ、n2棧滿,無法進棧:、n”；cout<ぐ將元素依次出棧:、n”；while(B.pop(voe))cout?voe?'7'；cout<ぐ、n2棧空,無法出棧:、n”；return0;

7,6.6,5.5,4.4,3.3,2.2,1.12榜滿,將兀素7,6.6,5.5,4.4,3.3,2.2,1.12榜滿,將兀素2棧空,無法出棧:(7):this指針的級聯調用模型:#include<iostream>#include<iomanip>usingnamespacestd;classtime{public:time(int=ljnt=l,int=l);time&settime(int,int,int);time&sethour(int);time&setminute(int);time&setsecond(int);voidprintuniversal()const;voidprintstandard()const;private:inthour;intminute;intsecond;|；time::time(inthjntmjnts){settime(h,m,s);}time&time::settime(inthhjntmmjntss){sethour(hh);setminute(mm);setsecond(ss);return*this;}time&time::sethour(inthl){hour=(hl>=0)?hl:0;return*this;time&time::setminute(intml){minute=(ml>=0&&ml<60)?ml:0;return*this;}time&time::setsecond(intsi){second=(sl>=0&&sl<60)?sl:0;return*this;}voidtime::printstandard()const{coutくぐ全國標準時間:'n“；cout?((hour==011hour==12)?0:hour%24)?":"?setw(2)?minute?setw(2)?":"?setw(2)?second?((hour>=0&&hour<12)?|"AM":"PM',)?"\nn;}voidtime::printuniversal()const{cout(ぐ全國統ー時間:'n”；cout?setw(2)?setw(2)?hour?,,:"?setw(2)?minute?,,:"?setw(2)?second?"\n";}intmain(){timeAl(18,25,16);timeA2(16,34,27);cout<ぐ輸出Al的時間格式:\n";Al.printuniversal();Al.printstandard();cout<<"輸出A2的時間格式:\n";A2.printuniversal();A2.printstandard();Al.settime(25/25/25),sethour(25).setminute(25).setsecond(25);cout<ぐ輸出更改后Al的時間格式:'n”；Al.printuniversal();Al.printstandard();return0;「ヨ,一B式

:格:

日6日日■■的ー16準:1的ー27準:2改ー25準25風統?標5筆包標4墨:;標:出國:2國:2出國:3國:3出國:2國25璽18全18璽16全16肇25全1:⑻:new,delete,ロ運算符模型#include<iostream>#include<iomanip>#include<cstring>usingnamespacestd;classA{public:A(constchar*const,constchar*const);~A();constchar*getfirstname()const{returnfirstname;}constchar*getlastname()const{returnlastname;}staticintgetcount(){returncount;}private:char*firstname;char*lastname;staticintcount;};intA::count=0;A::A(constchar*constfirst,constchar*constlast){firstname=newchar[(strlen(first))+l];strcpy(firstname,first);lastname=newchar[(strlen(last))+l];strcpy(lastname,last);count++;coutくぐ構造函數正在為此對象服務:"<<lastname?setw⑵<<firstname<<"\n";

A::~A(){cout<<"析構函數正在為此對象服務:"<<lastname<<setw(2)<<firstname<<"\n";delete[]firstname;delete[]lastname;count—;11intmain(){coutくぐ未定義時的對象個數:“<<A::getcount()くぐ、n”；A*Alptr=newA("邁克爾?ヴ喬丹”)；A*A2ptr=newA(“凱文.“,“杜朗特“)；cout<<“定以后的對象個數:“<<A::getcount()<<“ヽn“；cout<〈“輸出Al的信息:“<<Alptr->getlastname()<<setw(2)<<Alptr->getfirstname()<<“\n“;cout<<“輸出A2的信息:“<<Alptr?>getlastname()<<setw(2)<<Alptr?>getfirstname()<<“\n“；deleteAlptr;Alptr=O;deleteA2ptr;A2ptr=O;cout<<“析構后的人數:"?A::getcount()?"\n";return0;_^^^【婁婁な白白婁婁下

ハ函函后AlA2_^^^【婁婁な白白婁婁下

ハ函函后AlA2函函后歩為個再:f為為?.

刈在息在募:0象象-1-:2、し、スー:ー、:-.'.スヌ:二>二>ヌヌR.s.^^ケケn又D又免ふ象象一:/*#include<iostream>#include<cstring>usingnamespacestd;classdate{public:date(int=lJnt=lJnt=1900);~date();voidprint()const;private:intmonth;intday;intyear;intcheakday(int)const;}；date::date(intmmjntddjntyr){month=(0<mm<=12)?mm:0;year=yr;day=cheakday(dd);print();}intdate::cheakday(inttest)const{staticconstintdaysロ3]={0,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};if(O<test&&test==days[month])returntest;if(month==2&&test==29&&((year%400==0)11(year%4==0&&year%100!=0)))returntest;elsereturn28;)date::?date。{cout?"date析構函數:、n”;print();}voiddate::print()const{cout?"date類print函數:'n”；cout?month?7"?day?7"?year?,,\n";}classA{public:A(constchar*const,constchar*const,constdate&,constdate&);voidprint()const;一A();private:charfirstname[25];charlastname[25];constdatebirth;constdatehire;)；A::A(constchar*constfirst,constchar*const last,const date&birthdate,constdate&hiredate):birth(birthdate),hire(hiredate){intlenth=strlen(last);strncpy(lastname,last,lenth);lastname[lenth]=,\O,;lenth=strlen(first);strncpy(firstname,first,lenth);firstname[lenth]='\O';cout<<"姓名為:"<<lastname?firstname;voidA::print()const{cout?"A類print函數:、n”；cout<<”雇員姓名:“<<lastname<<firstname<<”被錄取為manager\n";hire.print();birth.print();}A::?A(){cout?"A類析構函數:“<<lastname<<firstname<<"\n";}intmain(){datebirth(7,26,1993);datehire(6,7,2014);Amanager(”偉ヴ羅ッbirth,hire);manager.print();return0;)7(9):函數的重載電話模型:重載為(有元函數)全局函數#include<iostream>#include<iomanip>#include<cstring>usingnamespacestd;classphonenumber{friendistream&operator?(istream&,phonenumber&);friendostream&operator?(ostream&,constphonenumber&);private:stringareacode;stringexchange;stringline;}；ostream&operator?(ostream&output,constphonenumber&A){output?"("?A.areacode?,')"?A.exchange?"-,,?A.line?"\n";returnoutput;}istream&operator?(istream&input,phonenumber&A){input?setw(3)?A.areacode;input?setw(4)?A.exchange;input?setw(4)?A.line;returninput;}intmain(){phonenumberA;cout<<”鍵入號碼:\n”；cin?A;

cout<ぐ輸出號碼ヘバ;cout?A;return0;}鍵入號碼:02387884215綸出號碼:(023)8788-4215(10)運算符重載ー數組模型:#include<iostream>#include<iomanip>include<stdlib.h>usingnamespacestd;classarray{friendostream&operator?(ostream&,constarray&);friendistream&operator?(istream&zarray&);public:array(int=10);array(constarray&);?array。;constarray&operator=(constarray&);booloperator==(constarray&);booloperator!=(constarray&);int&operator[](int);intoperator[](int)const;intgetsize()const{returnsize;}private:intsize;int*ptr;)；array::array(ints):size((s>0?s:10)){ptr=newint[size];for(inti=0;i<size;i++)ptr[i]=O;}array::array(constarray&A){size=A.size;ptr=newint[size];for(inti=0;i<size;i++)ptr[i]=A.ptr[i];)constarray&array::operator=(constarray&a){if(&a!=this){if(size!=a.size){delete[]ptr;size=a.size;ptr=newint[size];}for(inti=0;i<size;i++)ptr[i]=a.ptr[i];}}boolarray::operator==(constarray&right){if(size!=right.size)returnfalse;for(inti=0;i<size;i++)if(ptr[i]!=right.ptr[i))returnfalse;returntrue;}boolarray::operator!=(constarray&right){return!(*this==right);}int&array::operator[](inti){if(i<0||i>size){cerr?":"?i?":\nn;exit(l);}returnptr[i];}intarray::operator[](inti)const{if(i<0||i>size){cerr?":"?i?":\n,';exit⑴；}returnptr[i];}ostream&operator<<(ostream&output,constarray&A){inti;for(i=O;i<A.size;i++){output?setw(3)?A.ptr[i];if((i+l)%5==0)output?endl;}if(i%5==0)output?endl;returnoutput;}istream&operator?(istream&input,array&A){for(inti=O;i<A.size;i++)input?A.ptr[i];returninput;}array::?array。{delete[]ptr;}intmain(){arrayAl⑺；arrayA2;cout<ぐ輸出A!的大小:""Al.getsize()<<”\n輸出Al:\n"<<Al;cout?"\n輸出A2的大小:""A2.getsize()?"\n輸出A2:\n"?A2;cout"”重新輸入Al,A2:\n";cin?Al;cin?A2;cout<<"輸出Al的大小:""Al.getsize()"”\n輸出Al:\n"?Al;cout?"\n輸出A2的大小:”"A2.getsize()"”\n輸出A2:\n"?A2;if(A1!=A2)cout?"Al!=A2:\n"?"fflAl初始化A3:\n”；arrayA3(A1);cout"”輸出A3的大小:”"A3.getsize()"”\n輸出A3:\n"?A3;cout?"\n用A2初始化Al:\n";A1=A2;if(A1==A2)cout?"Al==A2:\n";cout<<"Al[5]="?Al[5]""\n輸出Al:\n";Al⑸=1000;cout<<"Al[5]="?Al[5]""\n輸出A3:\n"?Al;return0;輸出A1的大小:ク輸出乳:00i屮?-LjLTIl-U0000000A2的大小:10A2：00000000重新輸入Ai，A2:123456789101112131415161718額岀虱的大小:？輸岀Al：1234567撿岀A2的大小:10輸岀A2：89101112131415161717用Al初強化A3：領出A3的大小:7輸岀A3：1234567用A2初始化A1：A1==A2：Al[51-13輸岀Al：Al[51=1000輸岀A3：89101112100014151617(11):繼承派生一一雇傭模型#include<iostream>#include<cstring>usingnamespacestd;classE{public:E(conststring&,conststring&,conststring&/double=0.0/double=0.0);voidsetfirstname(conststring&first){firstname=first;}stringgetfirstname()const{returnfirstname;voidsetlastname(conststring&last){lastname=last;}stringgetlastname()const{returnlastname;}voidsetid(conststring&id2){id=id2;}stringgetid()const{returnid;}voidsetgrosssales(doublesales){grosssales=(sales>0)?sales:0.0;}doublegetgrosssales()const{returngrosssales;}voidsetrate(doubleratel){rate=(ratel>O)?ratel:O.O;}doublegetrate()const{returnrate;}doublemoney()const{returngrosssales*rate;}voidprint()const;private:stringfirstname;stringlastname;stringid;doublegrosssales;doublerate;}；E::E(conststring&first,conststring&last,const string&idl,double saleszdoubleratel):firstname(first)Jastname(last)Jd(idl){setgrosssales(sales);setrate(ratel);}voidE::print()const{cout<<”員エ信息:\n',?firstname?","?lastname<<"\n身份證號:"?id?"\n毛銷售額:"?grosssales?"\n提成率:"?rate?"\n實際エ資:"<<grosssales*rate<vendl;}intmain(){EA("wei"/"luo'7z8000/0.56);cout?"員エ名:"?A.getfirstname()?"\n員エ姓:"?A.getlastname()?"\n身份證號:

"?A.getid()?n\n毛銷售額:"<<A.getgrosssales()くぐ、n提成率:"?A.getrate()?"\n本月實際エ資:"<<A.money()?endl;A.setgrosssales(lOOOO);A.setrate(0.6);cout<ぐ更改后的員エ銷售業績信息ヘバ;A.print();return0;}盒證隹頃工頭魚lu證售率エエ工^^月改エ盒證隹頃工頭魚lu證售率エエ工^^月改エ1,^^際員員量提本更員茸毛提買:w:1號額.?^￡息。號額..資8056資エ00(13)雇傭模型一繼承派生#include<iostream>#include<cstring>usingnamespacestd;classE{public:E(conststring&,conststring&,conststring&,double=0.0,double=0.0);voidsetfirstname(conststring&first){firstname=first;}stringgetfirstname()const{returnfirstname;}voidsetlastname(conststring&last){lastname=last;}stringgetlastname()const{returnlastname;}voidsetid(conststring&id2){id=id2;stringgetid()const{returnid;}voidsetgrosssales(doublesales){grosssales=(sales>0)?sales:0.0;}doublegetgrosssales()const{returngrosssales;}voidsetrate(doubleratel){rate=(ratel>0)?ratel:0.0;}doublegetrate()const{returnrate;}doublemoney()const{returngrosssales*rate;}voidprint()const;protected:stringfirstname;stringlastname;stringid;doublegrosssales;doublerate;}；E::E(conststring&first,const string&last,const string&idl,doublesales,doubleratel):firstname(first),lastname(last),id(idl){setgrosssales(sales);setrate(ratel);}voidE::print()const{cout<ぐ員エ信息:\n"?firstname?",M?lastname?"\n身份證號:,,?id?"\n毛銷售額:"?grosssales?"\n提成率:"?rate?H\n實際エ資:"<<grosssales*rate?endl;}classBE:publicE{public:BE(conststring&,conststring&,conststring&,double=0.0,double二。.〇,double二〇.〇);voidsetbasewage(doublewage2){basewage=(wage2>0)?wage2:0;)doublegetbasewage()const{returnbasewage;voidprint()const;doublemoney()const;private:

doublebasewage;}；BE::BE(conststring&first,conststring&last,conststring&idl,doublesales,doubleratel,doublewage):E(first,last,idl,sales,ratel){setbasewage(wage);}doubleBE::money()const{returnbasewage+rate*grosssales;}voidBE::print()const{cout<<"基本工資型員エ信息:、n"<<"員エ名:"<<firstname<<”\n員エ姓:"<<lastname?"\n員エ身份證號:"?id?"\n毛銷售額:"?grosssales?"\n提成率:"?rate?"\n基本工資:"<<basewage<<"\n實際エ資:"?basewage+grosssales*rate;}intmain(){BEB("天","李",,5000,0.6,1000);cout<〈"員エ信息:、n"<<"員エ名:"<<B.getfirstname()?"\n員エ姓:""B.getlastname()<<"、n員エ身份證號:"<<B.getid()<<"、n毛銷售額:"<<B.getgrosssales()?"、n提成率:""B.getrate()<<"、n員エ基本工資:""B.getbasewage。;B.setbasewage(1200);B.setrate(0.58);cout?"\n更改后的員エ銷售業績信息:、n";B.print();cout?"\n實際エ資:$""B.money();return0;身隹n率養エ蠢身售率工エエT-T-T身隹n率養エ蠢身售率工エエT-T-Tエ覇エ策エエエ^W際際<:沃律禦:0,Q?姿舞:0.資資資號00資エ員號息

亠一日

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00隹楫

1-HIE匸

:用「一(14)繼承派生一雇傭模型#include<iostream>#include<cstring>usingnamespacestd;classE{public:E(conststring&,conststring&,conststring&,double=0.0,double=0.0);voidsetfirstname(conststring&first){firstname=first;}stringgetfirstname()const{returnfirstname;}voidsetlastname(conststring&last){lastname=last;}stringgetlastname()const{returnlastname;}voidsetid(conststring&id2){id=id2;}stringgetid()const{returnid;}voidsetgrosssales(doublesales){grosssales=(sales>0)?sales:0.0;}doublegetgrosssales()const{returngrosssales;)voidsetrate(doubleratel){rate=(ratel>0)?ratel:0.0;}doublegetrate()const{returnrate;}doublemoney()const{returngrosssales*rate;}voidprint()const;private:stringfirstname;stringlastname;stringid;doublegrosssales;doublerate;);E::E(const string&first,const string&last,const string&idl,double sales.doublerateljifirstnamejfirstjjastnameflastjjdfidl){setgrosssales(sales);setrate(ratel);}voidE::print()const{coutvv”員エ信息:\n"?firstname?"/"?lastname?"\n身份證號:"?id?"\n毛銷售額:"?grosssales?"\n提成率:H?rate?"\n提成工資:"?grosssales*rate?endl;}classBE:publicE{public:BE(conststring&,conststring&,conststring&,double二〇.〇,double二〇.〇,double二〇.〇);voidsetbasewage(doublewage2){basewage=(wage2>0)?wage2:0;}doublegetbasewage()const{returnbasewage;}voidprint()const;doublemoney()const;private:doublebasewage;};BE::BE(conststring&first,conststring&last,conststring&idl,doublesales,doubleratel,doublewage):E(first,last,idl,sales,ratel){setbasewage(wage);}doubleBE::money()const{returnbasewage+E::money();}voidBE::print()const{cout<<”基本工資型員エ信息:、n";E::print();cout<<"基本工資\n”<<basewage?"\n實際エ資:“<<basewage+E::money();}intmain(){BEB("天ヴ李,5000,0.6,1000);cout<<"員エ信息:、n"<<"員エ名:"<<B.getfirstname()〈ぐ、n員エ姓:”〈〈B.getlastname()〈ぐ、n員エ身份證號:”〈〈B.getid。〈ぐ、n毛銷售額:”〈〈B.getgrosssales()〈ぐ、n提成率:”〈〈B.getrate()〈ぐ、n員エ基本工資:"?B.getbasewage();B.setbasewage(1200);B.setrate(0.58);cout?"\n更改后的員エ銷售業績信息:、n”；

B.print();cout?"\n實際エ資:$"<<B.money();return0;自』士ーユ窗:。業息並隹宿:1銷エ資エ員自』士ーユ窗:。業息並隹宿:1銷エ資エ員?天空證:5.6エ。費!心,為:0本的資息號額.?資資資拈I，????メスq??-/<rrk-1，?:，??:>???:?身售率養エ信交證售率工工エ丁丄エエ工覇エ室工片^^室00際上貝員員員毛提員婁員天身毛提簟12實宀}引用基類的數據成員的方法:將基類數據成員聲明為protected,則派生類成員函數就可以直接訪問private數據正如基類成員函數訪問自身的數據成員ー樣。將基類數據成員聲明為private〇則此時派生類成員函數不能直接引用基類數據成員。要通過設定基類SET和GET成員函數來間接操縱數據成員。若在派生類成員函數中要引用基類成員函數則必須使用〃基類名::成員函數”的格式返回一個值來引用基類數據成員。(15)繼承派生,析構調用順序ーー雇傭模型#include<iostream>#include<cstring>usingnamespacestd;classE{public:E(conststring&,conststring&,conststring&,double=0.0,double=0.0);?E(){cout<<“基類析構函數:、n”；print();}voidsetfirstname(conststring&first){firstname=first;stringgetfirstname()const{returnfirstname;}voidsetlastname(conststring&last){lastname=last;stringgetlastname()const{returnlastname;}voidsetid(conststring&id2){id=id2;}stringgetid()const{returnid;}voidsetgrosssales(doublesales){grosssales=(sales>0)?sales:0.0;}doublegetgrosssales()const{returngrosssales;)voidsetrate(doubleratel){rate=(ratel>0)?ratel:0.0;}doublegetrate()const{returnrate;}doublemoney()const{returngetgrosssales()*getrate();}voidprint()const;private:stringfirstname;stringlastname;stringid;doublegrosssales;doublerate;)；E::E(const string&first,const string&last,const string&idl,doublesales,doubleratel):firstname(first),lastname(last),id(idl){cout<<"基類構造函數\n:";setgrosssales(sales);setrate(ratel);}voidE::print()const{cout<<"基類print函數:、n";cout<<”員エ信息:\n"?getfirstname()?",H?getlastname()?"\n身份證號:“"getid()?”\n

毛銷售額:"?getgrosssales()?"\n提成率:"?getrate()?"\n提成工資:"?getgrosssales()*getrate()?endl;classBE:publicE{public:BE(conststring&,conststring&,conststring&,double=0.0/double=0.0/double=0.0);?BE(){coutくぐ派生類析構函數:、n”;print();}voidsetbasewage(doublewage2){basewage=(wage2>0)?wage2:0;}doublegetbasewage()const{returnbasewage;}voidprint()const;doublemoney()const;private:doublebasewage;}；BE::BE(conststring&first,conststring&last,conststring&idl,doublesales,doubleratel,doublewage):E(first,last,idl,sales,ratel){cout<〈”派生類構造函數:";setbasewage(wage);}doubleBE::money()const{returnbasewage+E::money();}voidBE::print()const{coutくぐ派生類print函數,員エ信息:、n”；E::print();cout<〈”基本工資、n"?basewage<<"、n實際エ資:"<<basewage+E::money();)intmain(){{EAl("wei","luo",,8000,0.5);)cout?endl;BEA2("tian","li",,10000,0.48,800);cout?endl;BEA3("^"；'^"/,12000,0.3,1800);cout?endl;return0;析構函數:：p￡nt函數:エ資:5ザ0基類析構函數:巴int析構函數:：p￡nt函數:類構造函數:生類構造函數:生類類構造函數:生類構造函數:生類‘偽證號售額:8000成率:0-5成工資:4000構函數:,int函數?員エ信息、:t函數:冊證號售額:12000是成率:0.3噴エ鄭3600鉢エ資800餞證號售説I2000成率:0.3成工資:3600生類種構函數:生類p￡nt函數，員エ信息:類段如t函數：サ證號售額:10000文率:0.48な士資:4800際エ資:5600基類析構函數:類Mint函數：■：100000.48:4800(16)繼承派生多態ーー雇傭模型#include<iostream>#include<cstring>usingnamespacestd;classE{public:E(conststring&,conststring&,conststring&,double二〇?〇,double二〇?〇);voidsetfirstname(conststring&first){firstname=first;}stringgetfirstname()const{returnfirstname;}voidsetlastname(conststring&last){lastname=last;}stringgetlastname()const{returnlastname;voidsetid(conststring&id2){id=id2;}stringgetid()const{returnid;}voidsetgrosssales(doublesales){grosssales=(sales>0)?sales:0.0;}doublegetgrosssales()const{returngrosssales;)voidsetrate(doubleratel){rate=(ratel>O)?ratel:O.O;}doublegetrate()const{returnrate;}virtualdoublemoney()const{returngetgrosssales()*getrate();}virtualvoidprint()const;private:stringfirstname;stringlastname;stringid;doublegrosssales;doublerate;}；E::E(const string&first,const string&last,const string&idl,double sales,doubleratel):firstname(first),lastname(last),id(idl){coutくぐ基類構造函數:、n”；setgrosssales(sales);setrate(ratel);}voidE::print()const{cout<ぐ基類print函數:'n”；cout<<"員エ信息:\n"?getfirstname()?"/"?getlastname()?H\n身份證號:"?getid()?"\n毛銷售額:"?getgrosssales()?M\n提成率："?getrate()?"\n提成工資:"?getgrosssales()*getrate()?endl;}classBE:publicE{public:BE(conststring&,conststring&,conststring&,double二〇,〇,double二〇。double=0.0);voidsetbasewage(doublewage2){basewage=(wage2>0)?wage2:0;}doublegetbasewage()const{returnbasewage;}virtualvoidprint()const;virtualdoublemoney()const;private:doublebasewage;}；BE::BE(conststring&first,conststring&last,conststring&idl,doublesales,doubleratel,doublewage):E(first,last,idl,sales,ratel){cout(ぐ派生類構造函數:\n"；setbasewage(wage);}doubleBE::money()const{returnbasewage+E::money();)voidBE::print()const{cout<<"派生類print函數,員エ信息:、n”；E::print();cout<<”基本工資、n”<<basewage?”\n實際エ資:"<<basewage+E::money()<<”\n”；}intmain(){Ee("wei","luo",,,10000,0.5);E*eptr=0;BEbe("tian","liH,,8000,0.4,1800);BE*beptr=0;cout?"e.print():\n";e.print();cout<〈”將基類指針指向基類對象:'n”；eptr=&e;cout?"eptr->print():\n";eptr->print();cout<〈”將派生類指針指向派生類對象:、n”；beptr=&be;cout?"beptr->print():\n";beptr->print();cout〈ぐ將基類指針指向派生類對象體現同名函數的多態性:\n";eptr=&be;cout?"eptr->print():\nH;eptr->print();return0;

曇類均造函數:塞類構造函數:盤生共構造函數:e.printO曇類均造函數:塞類構造函數:盤生共構造函數:e.printO：基類ppint函數：bepti*->printく）:區生類p￡nt函數,員エ信息:基主print函數：身份證號:S1052219930726733X身份證號銷售額:身份證號銷售額:10000提成率：0.5提成工資：5000畐基類キ旨針指向基類對象：基類代セt函斂:員エ信息:ナ證號售額:10000碎:‘0.5握成率:0.4fet32081800實應エ資:5000搭建類籍針指向派生類對象體現同名函數的多態性5pti*->pi*int〇:派生主print展J數,員エ信息：復類p￡nt函數：員エ信息:：5000tian,li：5000份證號舊就8000是成率:0.4成工資:3200笨エ資800HE行エ杏.B000(17)繼承派生多態一雇傭模型:(18)多態的向上映射模型:將派生類對象地址賦給基類指針,用派生類對象給基類對象(對象引用)賦值。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classShape(public:virtualdoubleArea()const(return0.0;}〃純虛函數,在派生類中重載virtualvoidPrint()const=0;)；classPoint:publicShape(intx,y;〃點的x和y坐標public:Point(int=0,int=0);/Z構造函數voidSetPoint(inta,intb);/Z設置坐標intGetX()const〃取x坐標returnx;intGetY()const〃取y坐標returny;)virtualvoidPrint()const;〃輸出點的坐標}；Point::Point(inta,intb):x(a)zy(b){cout?"point對象構造函數運行完畢:\n"；}voidPoint::SetPoint(inta,intb)y=b；}voidPoint::Print()const(cout<<“坐標為ぐ<vT?x?","?y?'],；}classCircle:publicPoint{doubleradius;public:Circle(intx=0,inty=0,doubler=0.0);voidSetRadius(doubler); 〃設置半徑doubleGetRadius()const; 〃取半徑virtualdoubleArea()const;〃計算面積avirtualvoidPrint()const; 〃輸出圓心坐標和半徑)；Circle::Circle(intajntb,doubler):Point(a,b),radius(r){cout?"circle對象構造函數運行完畢へn”；}voidCircle::SetRadius(doubler){radius=(r>=0?r:0);}doubleCircle::GetRadius()const{returnradius;}doubleCircle::Area()constreturn3.14159*radius*radius;voidCircle::Print()const{cout?"圓心坐標:\n”；Point::Print();cout?圓半徑=M?radius?"\n?|?^:"?Area()?"\nM;}voidvirtualViaPointer(constShape*);voidvirtualViaReference(constShape&);intmain(){〃創建point、circle對象Pointpoint(30,50);Circlecircle(120,80,10,0);〃輸出point、circle>rectangle對象信息point.Print();cout?endl;circle.Print();〃定義基類對象指針Shape*arrayOfShapes[2];arrayOfShapes[0]=&point;arrayOfShapes[1]=&circle;〃通過基類對象指針訪問派生類對象cout?"向上映射:把派生類對象的地址賦給基類指針\n“；for(inti=0;i<2;i++)(virtualViaPointer(arrayOfShapes[i]);}cout<<"向上映射:用派生類對象給基類對象賦值、n";for(intj=0;j<2;j++){virtualViaReference(*arrayOfShapes[j]);}return0;}〃通過基類對象指針訪問虛函數實現動態綁定voidvirtualViaPointer(constShape*baseClassPtr){baseClassPtr->Print();cout?"面積:"?baseClassPtr->Area()?endl;}〃通過基類對象引用訪問虛函數實現動態綁定voidvirtualViaReference(constShape&baseClassRef)baseClassRef.Print();cout?"面積="?baseClassRef.Area()?endl;)(19)：#include<iomanip>usingnamespacestd;classtime{friendostream&operator<<(ostream&,consttime&);public:time(int,int,int);time&operator++();private:intsecond;intminute;inthour;)；time::time(ints,intmjnth){hour=h;minute=m;second=s;if(second>60)second=0;if(minute>60)minute=0;if(hour>24)hour=24;}time&time::operator++(){++second;if(second>=60)

{++minute;second=0;++minute;if(minute>=60){++hour;minute=O;if(hour>=24)hour=0;)}return*this;}ostream&operator?(ostream&output/consttime&t){output<<":\n"<<t.hour<<":"<<t.minute<<":"<<t.second<<”\n”;returnoutput;|intmain(){time11(59,59,23);cout?tl;++tl;cout?tl;cout?++tl;return0;}(20)函數的重載模型:String類模型#include<iostream>#include<iomanip>#include<cstring>#include<cstdlib>usingnamespacestd;classString{friendostream&operator<<(ostream&,constString&);friendistream&operator?(istream&,String&);public:String(constchar*);String(constString&);?String。;constString&operator=(constString&);constString&operator+=(constString&);booloperator!()const;booloperator==(constString&)const;booloperator!=(constString&rightjconst{return!(*this==right);}booloperator<(constString&)const;booloperator>(constString&right)const{returnright<*this;}booloperator<=(constString&right)const{return!(right<*this);}booloperator>=(constString&right)const{return!(*this<right);}char&operator[](int);charoperator[](int)const;Stringoperator()(intJnt=0)const;intgetlenth()const{returnlenth;}private:intlenth;char*sptr;voidsetstring(constchar*);};String::String(constchar*s):lenth(s!=O?strlen(s):O){coutくぐ形參為const字符指針的構造函數運行中……,并輸出S:"?s?"\n";setstring(s);}String::String(constString©):lenth(copy.lenth){cout?”形參為const對象的構造函數運行中……,并輸出S:M?copy.sptr?"\n";setstring(copy.sptr);)constString&String::operator=(constString&right){if(&right!=this){delete[]sptr;lenth=right.lenth;setstring(right,sptr);}elsecout<ぐ