《計算機英語（第4版）》練習參考答案之南宮幫珍創作時間：二O二一年七月二十九日UnitOne:ComputerandComputerScienceUnitOne/SectionAI.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:1.CharlesBabbage;AugustaAdaByron2.input;output3.VLSI4.workstations;mainframes5.vacuum;transistors6.instructions;software7.digit;eight;byte8.microminiaturization;chipII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:1.artificialintelligence人工智能2.paper-tapereader紙帶閱讀器3.opticalcomputer光計算機4.neuralnetwork神經網絡5.instructionset指令集6.parallelprocessing并行處理7.differenceengine差分機8.versatilelogicalelement通用邏輯元件9.siliconsubstrate硅襯底10.vacuumtube真空管11.數據的存儲與處理thestorageandhandlingofdata12.超大規模集成電路verylarge-scaleintegratedcircuit13.中央處理器centralprocessingunit14.個人計算機personalcomputer15.模擬計算機analoguecomputer16.數字計算機digitalcomputer17.通用計算機general-purposecomputer18.處理器芯片processorchip19.操縱指令operatinginstructions20.輸入設備inputdeviceIII.Fillineachoftheblankswithoneofthewordsgiveninthefollowinglist,makingchangesifnecessary:Wecandefineacomputerasadevicethatacceptsinput,processesdata,storesdata,andproducesoutput.Accordingtothemodeofprocessing,computersareeitheranalogordigital.Theycanalsobeclassifiedasmainframes,minicomputers,workstations,ormicrocomputers.Allelse(forexample,theageofthemachine)beingequal,thiscategorizationprovidessomeindicationofthecomputer’sspeed,size,cost,andabilities.Eversincetheadventofcomputers,therehavebeenconstantchanges.First-generationcomputersofhistoricsignificance,suchasUNIVAC(通用自動計算機),introducedintheearly1950s,werebasedonvacuumtubes.Second-generationcomputers,appearingintheearly1960s,werethoseinwhichtransistorsWordStrdvacuumtubes.Inthird-generationcomputers,datingfromthe1960s,integratedcircuitsWordStrdtransistors.Infourth-generationcomputerssuchasmicrocomputers,whichfirstappearedinthemid-1970s,large-scaleintegrationenabledthousandsofcircuitstobeincorporatedononechip.Fifth-generationcomputersareexpectedtocombinevery-large-scaleintegrationwithsophisticatedapproachestocomputing,includingartificialintelligenceandtruedistributedprocessing.IV.TranslatethefollowingpassagefromEnglishintoChinese:計算機將變得更加先進，也將變得更加容易使用。語音識此外改進將使計算機的操縱更加容易。虛擬現實，即使用所有人類官能與計算機進行交互的技術，也將有助于創建更好的人機接口。人們正在開發其他的奇異計算模型，包含使用生物機體的生物計算、使用具有特定屬性的分子的分子計算，以及使用遺傳基本單位DNA（脫氧核糖核酸）存儲數據和執行運算的計算。這些都是可能的未來計算平臺的例子，而它們迄今還能力有限或完全屬于理論范疇。科學家們研究它們，是因為嵌入硅中的電路的微小型化受到物理限制。還有一些限制與即使最微小的晶體管也會發生的熱量有關。UnitOne/SectionBI.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:1.experimentation/r/erfacing/r/erdisciplinary4.microprocessorII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:1.artificialneuralnetwork人工神經網絡/r/puterarchitecture計算機體系結構3.robustcomputerprogram健壯的計算機程序4.human-computerinterface人機接口5.knowledgerepresentation知識暗示6.數值分析numericalanalysis7.程序設計環境programmingenvironment8.數據結構datastructure9.存儲和檢索信息storeandretrieveinformation10.虛擬現實virtualrealityUnitOne/SectionCI.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:1.output2.supercomputer3.microcontroller4.handheld;convergenceII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:1.Webpage（萬維）網頁2.touchscreen觸摸屏，觸屏3.bladeserver刀片服務器4.removablestoragedevice移動（式）存儲設備5.聲卡soundcard6.存儲服務器storageserver7.便攜式媒體播放器portablemediaplayer8.硬盤harddiskUnitTwo:ComputerArchitectureUnitTwo/SectionAI．Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:1.input;output;storage2.BasicInput/OutputSystem3.flatbed;hand-held4.LCD-based5.dot-matrix;inkjet6.disk;memory7.volatile8.serial;parallelII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:1.functionkey功能鍵，操縱鍵，函數鍵2.voicerecognitionmodule語音識別模塊3.touch-sensitiveregion觸敏區4.addressbus地址總線5.flatbedscanner平板掃描儀6.dot-matrixprinter點陣打印機（針式打印機）7.parallelconnection并行連接8.cathoderaytube陰極射線管9.videogame電子游戲10.audiosignal音頻信號11.操縱系統operatingsystem12.液晶顯示（器）LCD(liquidcrystaldisplay)13.噴墨打印機inkjetprinter14.數據總線databus15.串行連接serialconnection性存儲器volatilememory17.激光打印機laserprinter18.磁盤驅動器diskdrive／輸出系統BIOS(BasicInput/OutputSystem)20.視頻顯示器videodisplayIII.Fillineachoftheblankswithoneofthewordsgiveninthefollowinglist,makingchangesifnecessary:CD-ROMstandsforcompactdiscread-onlymemory.Unlikefloppyandharddisks,whichusemagneticchargestorepresent1sand0s,opticaldiscsusereflectedlight.OnaCD-ROMdisc,1sand0sarerepresentedbyflatareasandbumpy(高低不服的)areas(called“pits”)onitsbottomsurface.TheCD-ROMdiscisreadbyalaserthatprojectsatinybeamoflightontheseareas.Theamountofreflectedlightdetermineswhetherthearearepresentsa1ora0.LikeacommercialCDfoundinmusicstores,aCD-ROMisa“read-only”disc.Read-onlymeansitcannotbewrittenonorerasedbytheuser.Thus,youasauserhaveaccessonlytothedataimprinted(壓印)bythepublisher.AsingleCD-ROMdisccanstore650megabytes(兆字節)ofdata.Thatisequivalentto451floppydisks.Withthatmuchinformationonasingledisc,thetimetoretrieveoraccesstheinformationisveryimportant.AnimportantcharacteristicofCD-ROMdrivesistheiraccessrate.IV.TranslatethefollowingpassagefromEnglishintoChinese:調制解調器是在模擬與數字信號之間進行轉換的設備。計算機使用的是數字信號，這種信號由離散單元組成，通經常使用一系列1和0暗示。模擬信號是連續變更的；聲波就是模擬信號的一個例子。調制解調器經經常使用于實現計算機之間通過電話線的互相通信。調制解調器將發送端計算機的數字信號轉換成可通過電話線傳輸的模擬信號。信號到達目的地后，另外一個調制解調器重構原來的數字信號，供接收端計算機處理。如果兩個調制解調器可同時互相發送數據，那么它們采取的就是全雙工工作方式；如果一次只有一個調制解調器可以發送數據，那么它們采取的則是半雙工工作方式。UnitTwo/SectionBI.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:1.graphical2.file;schedulerII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:/r/errupthandler中斷處理程序2.virtualmemory虛擬存儲（器），虛存，虛擬內存3.contextswitch上下文轉換，語境轉換4.mainmemory主存（儲器）5.bitpattern位模式6.外圍設備peripheraldevice7.進程表processtable8.時間片timeslice9.圖形用戶界面graphicaluserinterface10.海量存儲器massstorageUnitTwo/SectionCI.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:1.repository2.central;sub-systems/r/work4.layered或abstractmachineII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:1.codegenerator代碼生成程序，代碼發生器2.abstractmachine抽象機/r/grameditor程序編輯程序，程序編輯器4.configurationitem配置項5.計算機輔助設計CAD(computer-aideddesign)6.數據冗余dataredundancy7.指揮與控制系統commandandcontrolsystem8.視頻壓縮與解壓縮videocompressionanddecompressionUnitThree:ComputerLanguageandProgrammingUnitThree/SectionAI.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:1.artificial;instructions2.low-level;high-levelachine5.functional;logictatementodule8.digitalII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:1.storageregister存儲寄存器2.functionstatement函數語句/r/gramstatement程序語句4.object-orientedlanguage面向對象語言5.assemblylanguage匯編語言/r/ermediatelanguage中間語言，中級語言7.relationallanguage關系（型）語言8.artificiallanguage人工語言9.datadeclaration數據聲明10.StructuredQueryLanguage結構化查詢語言11.可執行程序executableprogram12.程序模塊programmodule13.條件語句conditionalstatement14.賦值語句assignmentstatement15.邏輯語言logiclanguage16.機器語言machinelanguage17.函數式語言functionallanguage18.程序設計語言programminglanguage19.運行計算機程序runacomputerprogram20.計算機程序員computerprogrammerIII.Fillineachoftheblankswithoneofthewordsgiveninthefollowinglist,makingchangesifnecessary:Aprogramminglanguageisalanguageusedtowriteinstructionsforthecomputer.Itletstheprogrammerexpressdataprocessinginasymbolicmannerwithoutregardtomachine-specificdetails.Thedifficultyofwritingprogramsinthemachinelanguageof0sand1sledfirsttothedevelopmentofassemblylanguage,whichallowsprogrammerstousemnemonics(助記符)forinstructionsandsymbolsforvariables.Suchprogramsarethentranslatedbyaprogramknownasanassembler(匯編程序，匯編器)intothebinaryencodingusedbythecomputer.Otherpiecesofsystemsoftwareknownaslinkingloaders(連接裝入程序)combinepiecesofassembledcodeandloadthemintothemachine’smainmemoryunit,wheretheyarethenreadyforexecution.Theconceptoflinkingseparatepiecesofcodewasimportant,sinceitallowed“libraries”ofprogramstobebuiltuptocarryoutcommontasks—afirststeptowardtheincreasinglyemphasizednotionofsoftwarereuse.Assemblylanguagewasfoundtobesufficientlyinconvenientthathigher-levellanguages(closertonaturallanguages)wereinventedinthe1950sforeasier,fasterprogramming;alongwiththemcametheneedforcompilers,programsthattranslatehigh-levellanguageprogramsintomachinecode.Asprogramminglanguagesbecamemorepowerfulandabstract,buildingefficientcompilersthatcreatehigh-qualitycodeintermsofexecutionspeedandstorageconsumptionbecameaninterestingcomputerscienceprobleminitself.IV.TranslatethefollowingpassagefromEnglishintoChinese:面向對象程序設計語言，如C++和Java，基于傳統的高級語言，但它們使程序設計員能夠從合作對象集而非命令列表的角度進行思考。諸如圓之類的對象具有像圓的半徑一類的屬性，以及在計算機屏幕上繪制該對象的命令。一個對象類可以從其他的對象類繼承特征。例如，定義正方形的類可以從定義長方形的類那里繼承直角等特征。這一套程序設計類簡化了程序設計員的工作，帶來了更多“可復用的”計算機代碼。可復用代碼使程序設計員可以使用已經設計、編寫和測試的代碼。這使得程序設計員的工作變得比較容易，并帶來更加可靠和高效的程序。UnitThree/SectionBI.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:bjects2.platform-independentultithreadinguntimeII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:1.nativecode本機（代）碼2.headerfile頭標文件；頁眉文件3.multithreadedprogram多線程程序4.Java-enabledbrowser支持Java的瀏覽器5.maliciouscode惡意代碼6.機器碼machinecode7.匯編碼assemblycode8.特洛伊木馬程序Trojanhorse9.軟件包softwarepackage10.類條理classhierarchyUnitThree/SectionCI.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:1.subscript;index2.fixedII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:1.barchart條形圖2.frequencyarray頻率數組3.graphicalrepresentation圖形暗示4.multidimensionalarray多維數組5.用戶視圖user(’s)view6.下標形式subscriptform7.一維數組one-dimensionalarray8.編程結構programmingconstructUnitFour:SoftwareDevelopmentUnitFour/SectionAI.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:1.application;operating2.assemblers/r/piler/r/erpreterebuggeroop7.driver8.JohnvonNeumannII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:1.inferenceengine推理機2.systemcall系統調用/r/piledlanguage編譯執行的語言4.parallelcomputing并行計算5.patternmatching模式匹配6.memorylocation存儲單元/r/erpreterprogram解釋程序8.libraryroutine庫程序，程序庫例行程序/r/ermediateprogram中間程序，過渡程序10.sourcefile源文件11.解釋執行的語言interpretedlanguage12.設備驅動程序devicedriver13.源程序sourceprogram14.調試程序debuggingprogram15.目標代碼objectcode16.應用程序applicationprogram17.實用程序utilityprogram18.邏輯程序logicprogram19.墨盒inkcartridge20.程序的存儲與執行programstorageandexecutionIII.Fillineachoftheblankswithoneofthewordsgiveninthefollowinglist,makingchangesifnecessary:Acompiler,incomputerscience,isacomputerprogramthattranslatessourcecodeintoobjectcode.Softwareengineerswritesourcecodeusinghigh-levelprogramminglanguagesthatpeoplecanunderstand.Computerscannotdirectlyexecutesourcecode,butneedacompilertotranslatetheseinstructionsintoalow-levellanguagecalledmachinecode.Compilerscollectandreorganize(compile)alltheinstructionsinagivensetofsourcecodetoproduceobjectcode.Objectcodeisoftenthesameasorsimilartoacomputer’smachinecode.Iftheobjectcodeisthesameasthemachinelanguage,thecomputercanruntheprogramimmediatelyafterthecompilerproducesitstranslation.Iftheobjectcodeisnotinmachinelanguage,otherprograms—suchasassemblers,binders(聯編程序),linkers,andloaders(加載程序)—finishthetranslation.Mostcomputerlanguagesusedifferentversionsofcompilersfordifferenttypesofcomputersoroperatingsystems,soonelanguagemayhavedifferentcompilersforpersonalcomputers(PC)andAppleMacintoshcomputers.Manydifferentmanufacturersoftenproduceversionsofthesameprogramminglanguage,socompilersforalanguagemayvarybetweenmanufacturers.IV.TranslatethefollowingpassagefromEnglishintoChinese:在軟件中，錯誤是指導致程序發生故障或發生不正確結果的編碼或邏輯錯誤。較輕微的錯誤，如光標表示異常，會造成方便或帶來挫折，但不會對信息發生破壞性影響。較嚴重的錯誤會導致程序“中止”（對命令停止反應），可能使用戶別無選擇，只能重新啟動程序，結果致使任何前面已經做好但尚未保管的工作丟失。兩種情況無論是哪一種，程序員都必須憑借稱為調試的過程，發現并改正錯誤。由于錯誤對重要數據的潛在危險，商用應用程序在發行前要經過盡可能全面的測試與調試。程序發行后發現的較輕微錯誤在下一次更新時改正；較嚴重的錯誤有時可用稱為補丁的特殊軟件加以修補，以規避問題或減輕其影響。UnitFour/SectionBI.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:1.entity2.duration3.data;process或process;dataII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:1.checkbox復選框，選擇框，校驗框tructureddesign結構化設計3.buildingblock積木塊，構建模塊，構件4.databaseschema數據庫模式5.radiobutton單選（按）鈕6.系統建模技術systemmodelingtechnique7.模型驅動開發model-drivendevelopment8.數據流程圖dataflowdiagram9.下拉式菜單drop-down(或pull-down)menu10.滾動條scrollbarUnitFour/SectionCI.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:eterogeneoussynchronousridges4.opennessII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:/r/cedurecall過程調用2.faulttolerance容錯3.homogeneoussystem同構系統4.autonomousagent自主主體5.路由算法routingalgorithm6.異構型環境heterogeneousenvironment7.多址通信協議multicastprotocol8.通信鏈路communication(s)linkUnitFive:SoftwareProcessUnitFive/SectionAI.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:1.off-the-shelf2.exclusive4.requirements;integration5.throwaway;stable;framework;compromisesII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:1.systemspecification系統規格說明2.unittesting單位（或單元、部件）測試3.softwarelifecycle軟件生命周期（或生存周期）4.systemvalidationtesting系統驗證測試5.evolutionarydevelopmentprocess演化開發過程6.linearmodel線性模型/r/gramunit程序單元8.throwawayprototype拋棄式原型9.textformatting正文格式編排，文本格式化10.systemevolution系統演變11.系統設計范例systemdesignparadigm12.需求分析與定義requirementsanalysisanddefinition13.探索式編程方法exploratoryprogrammingapproach14.系統文件編制systemdocumentation15.瀑布模型waterfallmodel16.系統集成systemintegration17.商用現成軟件commercialoff-the-shelf(或COTS)software18.基于組件的軟件工程component-basedsoftwareengineering(CBSE)19.軟件維護工具softwaremaintenancetool20.軟件復用softwarereuseIII.Fillineachoftheblankswithoneofthewordsgiveninthefollowinglist,makingchangesifnecessary:Therearethreedifferenttypesofsoftwaremaintenance.Firstly,thereismaintenancetorepairsoftwarefaults.Codingerrorsareusuallyrelativelycheaptocorrect;designerrorsaremoreexpensiveastheymayinvolverewritingseveralprogramcomponents.Requirementserrorsarethemostexpensivetorepairbecauseoftheextensivesystemredesignthatmaybenecessary.Secondly,thereismaintenancetoadaptthesoftwaretoadifferentoperatingenvironment.Thistypeofmaintenanceisrequiredwhensomeaspectofthesystem’senvironmentsuchasthehardware,theplatformoperatingsystemorothersupportsoftwarechanges.Theapplicationsystemmustbemodifiedtoadaptittocopewiththeseenvironmentalchanges.Andthirdly,thereismaintenancetoaddtoormodifythesystem’sfunctionality.Thistypeofmaintenanceisnecessarywhenthesystemrequirementschangeinresponsetoorganizationalorbusinesschange.Thescaleofthechangesrequiredtothesoftwareisoftenmuchgreaterthanfortheothertypesofmaintenance.Inpractice,thereisn’taclear-cutdistinctionbetweenthesetypesofmaintenance.Whenyouadaptthesystemtoanewenvironment,youmayaddfunctionalitytotakeadvantageofnewenvironmentalfeatures.Softwarefaultsareoftenexposedbecauseusersusethesysteminunanticipatedways.Changingthesystemtoaccommodatetheirwayofworkingisthebestwaytofixthesefaults.IV.TranslatethefollowingpassagefromEnglishintoChinese:軟件過程比較復雜，而且像所有其他的智能和創造性過程一樣，依靠人們作出決定和判斷。由于需要判斷和創造性，使軟件過程自動化的測驗考試只取得了有限的成功。計算機輔助軟件工程工具可支持軟件過程的某些活動。然而，至少是在未來幾年內，不成能實現更廣泛的軟件過程自動化，使軟件能夠接替介入軟件過程的工程師來從事創造性設計。計算機輔助軟件工程工具的有效性有限，原因之一是軟件過程多種多樣。不存在理想的過程，而且許多組織機構發展了自己的軟件開發方法。軟件過程不竭演變，以利用組織機構中的人員的能力和開發中的系統的具體特點。對于一些系統來說，需要的是一個高度結構化的開發過程，而對于另外一些系統來說，一個靈活敏捷的過程很可能更為有效。UnitFive/SectionBI.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:1.acceptance2.code3.automation;coverage4.regressionII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:1.blackboxtesting黑盒測試（法）2.acceptancetesting驗收測試3.codeexecutionpath代碼執行路徑4.testharness測試框架5.equivalencepartitioning等價（類）劃分6.捕獲／回放工具capture/playbacktool7.視頻分辨率videoresolution8.白盒測試whiteboxtesting9.測試腳本testscript10.用例usecaseUnitFive/SectionCI.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:/r/blem2.consequences3.designpecific;generalII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:/r/cedurallanguage過程語言/r/mondesignstructure通用設計結構3.classandobjectinteraction類與對象交互4.designconstraint設計約束5.設計模式designpattern6.可復用軟件reusablesoftware7.面向對象的系統object-orientedsystem8.繼承條理inheritancehierarchyUnitSix:DatabaseUnitSix/SectionAI.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:1.flat2.data;administrators;replicated;attributesII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:1.enduser最終用戶，終端用戶2.atomicoperation原子操縱3.databaseadministrator數據庫管理員4.relationaldatabasemodel關系數據庫模型5.localdata當地數據6.object-orienteddatabase面向對象數據庫7.databasemanagementsystem(DBMS)數據庫管理系統8.entity-relationshipmodel(ERM)實體關系模型9.distributeddatabase分布式數據庫10.flatfile平面文件11.二維表two-dimensionaltable12.數據屬性dataattribute13.數據庫對象databaseobject14.存儲設備storagedevice15.數據類型datatype16.數據拔出與刪除datainsertionanddeletion17.條理數據庫模型hierarchicaldatabasemodel18.數據庫體系結構databasearchitecture19.關系數據庫管理系統relationaldatabasemanagementsystem(RDBMS)20.全局控制總線globalcontrolbusIII.Fillineachoftheblankswithoneofthewordsgiveninthefollowinglist,makingchangesifnecessary:Adatabaseisanycollectionofdataorganizedforstorageinamemoryanddesignedforeasyaccessbyauthorizedusers.Thedatamaybeintheformoftext,numbers,orencodedgraphics.SmalldatabaseswerefirstdevelopedorfundedbytheU.S.governmentforagencyorprofessionaluse.Inthe1960s,somedatabasesbecamecommerciallyavailable,buttheirusewasfunnelled(傳送)throughafewso-calledresearchcentersthatcollectedinformationinquiriesandhandledtheminbatches(批，批量).Onlinedatabases—thatis,databasesavailabletoanyonewhocouldlinkuptothembycomputer—firstappearedinthe1970s.Sincetheirfirst,experimentalappearanceinthe1950s,databaseshavebecomesoimportantthattheycanbefoundinalmosteveryfieldofinformation.Government,military,andindustrialdatabasesareoftenhighlyrestricted,andprofessionaldatabasesareusuallyoflimitedinterest.Awiderangeofcommercial,governmental,andnonprofitdatabasesareavailabletothegeneralpublic,however,andmaybeusedbyanyonewhoownsorhasaccesstotheequipmentthattheyrequire.IV.TranslatethefollowingpassagefromEnglishintoChinese:在關系數據庫中，表的行暗示記錄（關于分歧項的信息集），列暗示字段（一個記錄的特定屬性）。在進行搜索時，關系數據庫將一個表中的一個字段的信息與另一個表的一個相應字段的信息進行匹配，以生成將來自這兩個表的所要求數據結合起來的另一個表。例如，如果一個表包含EMPLOYEE-ID、LAST-NAME、FIRST-NAME和HIRE-DATE字段，另一個表包含DEPT、EMPLOYEE-ID和SALARY字段，關系數據庫可匹配這兩個表中的EMPLOYEE-ID字段，以找到特定的信息，如所有掙到一定薪水的雇員的姓名或所有在某個日期之后受雇的雇員所屬的部分。換言之，關系數據庫使用兩個表中的匹配值，將一個表中的信息與另一個表中的信息聯系起來。微型計算機數據庫產品一般是關系數據庫。UnitSix/SectionBI.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:2.scheduler;exclusiveII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:1.nonvolatilestoragesystem非易失性存儲系統2.equipmentmalfunction設備故障3.wound-waitprotocol受傷―等待協議4.exclusivelock排它鎖，互斥（型）鎖5.databaseintegrity數據庫完整性6.共享鎖sharedlock7.數據庫實現databaseimplementation8.級聯回滾cascadingrollback9.數據項dataitem10.分時操縱系統time-sharingoperatingsystemUnitSix/SectionCI.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:1.patterns;data2.knowledge3.centralized;distributed4.wirelessII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:1.dataset數據集2.datawarehouse數據倉庫3.WebcommunityWeb社區，網絡社區4.sensornetwork傳感器網絡，傳感網，感知網5.數據挖掘datamining6.社交網絡socialnetwork7.軟件錯誤softwarebug8.實時realtimeUnitSeven:ComputerNetworksUnitSeven/SectionAI.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:2.open;closed3.bus4.token;temporaryII.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:1.fileserver文件服務器2.carriersense載波檢測，載波監聽/r/tocolsuite協議組，協議集4.peer-to-peermodel對等模