UNIT4JOURNEYACROSSAVASTLAND核心單詞閱讀詞匯1.airlinen.航空公司2.bayn.(海或湖的)灣3.antiquen.古物；古董adj.古老的；古董的4.peakn.頂峰；山峰；尖形5.goatn.山羊6.grizzlybearn.灰熊7.malln.購(gòu)物商場(chǎng)；購(gòu)物廣場(chǎng)8.prairien.北美草原9.quarryn.采石場(chǎng)10.idiomn.習(xí)語(yǔ)；成語(yǔ)adv.在旁邊11.alongsideprep.在……旁邊；與……一起12.duskn.黃昏；傍晚14.coherentadj.有條理的；清楚易懂的13.cobblestoneadj.鋪有鵝卵石的

高頻詞匯1.________vi.起身；出現(xiàn)；由……引起2.________adj.準(zhǔn)備前往(某地)；一定會(huì)3.________adj.令人驚嘆的；可怕的；很好的4.___________adj.壯觀的；壯麗的；驚人的n.壯麗場(chǎng)面；精彩的表演ariseboundawesomespectacular5.________n.束；串；捆6.________n.窗簾bunchcurtainborder7.________n.國(guó)界；邊界(地區(qū))harbour/harborcontraryanyhow8._____________n.(海)港；港口9._________adj.相反的；相對(duì)立的n.相反的事實(shí)(或事情)10.__________adv.(結(jié)束交談或轉(zhuǎn)移話題時(shí))不過(guò)；反正11.________vi.行進(jìn)；繼續(xù)做12.________n.口音proceedaccenttoastvt.為……干杯

13.________n.烤面包片；吐司；干杯vi.烤(尤其面包)

拓展詞匯1.craftn.手藝；工藝；技藝→________adj.靈巧的；狡猾的→__________n.工匠；手藝人；技工craftycraftsman2.________adj.令人愉快的；友好的→pleasuren.高興；快樂(lè)→________adj.高興的；開心的pleasantpleased3.massn.大量；塊；團(tuán)→________adj.巨大的；非常嚴(yán)重的4.literaladj.逐字的→__________adv.字面上；真正地→____________n.文學(xué)massiveliterallyliterature5._______n.呼吸的空氣→breathev.呼吸→_________adj.氣喘吁吁的breathbreathless6.scenen.現(xiàn)場(chǎng)；情景；景色→__________adj.風(fēng)景優(yōu)美的→__________n.風(fēng)景；景色scenicscenery7.________n.最好或最精彩的部分vt.突出；強(qiáng)調(diào)；使醒目→highlightedadj.突出的highlightdrill8.________vi.&vt.鉆(孔)；打(眼)n.鉆(頭)；訓(xùn)練；演習(xí)→drillableadj.可鉆孔的；可操練的freezefrozen

9.________vi.&vt.結(jié)冰；(使)凍住→freezingadj.極冷的；冰凍的→________adj.冷凍的；嚇呆的；驚呆的

10.____________vt.預(yù)料；預(yù)見(jiàn)；期望→___________anticipateanticipationn.預(yù)期；預(yù)料n.

11.________vi.打雷；轟隆隆地響；轟隆隆地快速移動(dòng)雷聲；轟隆聲→thunderousadj.雷鳴般的；聲音很大的12.________n.霜；嚴(yán)寒天氣；霜凍vt.使蒙上霜vi.結(jié)霜→frostyadj.結(jié)霜的；嚴(yán)寒的；冷淡的thunderfrost13.duringprep.在……的時(shí)候→________n.持續(xù)時(shí)間；期間14.___________vi.&vt.(使)加入；注冊(cè)；登記→enrolmentn.登記注冊(cè)；入伍；入學(xué)的人數(shù)durationenroll/enrol15.________n.岸；濱→ashoreadv.在岸上adj.在岸上的；在陸上的→__________n.海(湖)岸線shoreshoreline

16.________vt.使十分驚訝；使吃驚→astonishingadj.令人吃驚的→___________adj.吃驚的→____________n.吃驚；驚訝

17.________n.薄霧；水汽→mistyadj.多霧的；模糊的

18.steeln.鋼；鋼鐵工業(yè)→________adj.鋼鐵般的；頑強(qiáng)的；冷酷的astonishastonishedastonishmentmist19.advertisementn.(informalad)廣告；啟事→____________v.宣傳；(給……)做廣告→___________n.登廣告的人steely20.photographn.相片v.(給……)拍照→___________n.攝影師；拍照者→_____________n.攝影advertiseadvertiser21.________vt.欠(賬、債、情等)→owingadj.欠著的；應(yīng)付的；未付的(續(xù)表)photographerphotographyowe

聯(lián)想積累【派生構(gòu)詞】1.advertise＋ment(動(dòng)詞＋名詞后綴-ment＝同義名詞)①astonish＋ment吃驚②amaze＋ment吃驚2.freeze＋ing(動(dòng)詞＋形容詞后綴-ing＝形容詞)①astonish＋ing吃驚的②fascinate(去e)＋ing迷人的3.literal＋ly(形容詞＋副詞后綴-ly＝副詞)①final＋ly最后；終于②general＋ly普遍地；廣泛地【合成構(gòu)詞】any＋how(形容詞＋副詞＝新副詞)①any＋where無(wú)論何處②some＋how以某種方式；不知怎么地重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.rather________而不是thantakeaway2.________sb.'sbreath________令人驚嘆bunch3.a________of一束；一串；一群；大量4.contrary________相反的；相對(duì)立的to5.________tosth.進(jìn)而做(參加)6.be____________todo吃驚于……proceed7.incontrast________與……相比；對(duì)照toto8.owesth.________sb.欠(某人情)；把……歸功于某人astonished精選佳句教材原句arosepassingthrough

1.Thenextmorning,thetwogirls________earlytotakethetraintoLakeLouise,__________________theCanadianRockies.第二天早上，兩個(gè)女孩早早起床，坐火車去路易斯湖，穿過(guò)加拿大的落基山脈。

句式結(jié)構(gòu)

句式1：本句中passingthroughtheCanadianRockies是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)在句中作狀語(yǔ)教材原句freezingcoldwith

2.Edmontonis________________inwinter,________dailytemperaturesaveraging－10℃.冬天的埃德蒙頓非常寒冷，日平均氣溫為零下10攝氏度。

句式結(jié)構(gòu)

句式2：with＋sth.＋doing，是with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)教材原句Itwasthat

3.________________notuntil9：30a.m.________theyfinallyreachedthecapitalofOntario,Toronto.直到上午9點(diǎn)30分，她們才終于到達(dá)安大略省的首府多倫多。

句式結(jié)構(gòu)

句式3：Itwasnotuntil＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that...，是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型教材原句Shouldarise

4.________theopportunity________，I'dlovetogotoCanada.如果將來(lái)有機(jī)會(huì)，我很想去加拿大。

句式結(jié)構(gòu)

句式4：Shouldtheopportunityarise是條件狀語(yǔ)從句的倒裝句，相當(dāng)于Iftheopportunityshouldarise，是表示將來(lái)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣

課文復(fù)現(xiàn)

LiDaiyuandhercousinLiuQianwenttoCanada1.________(visit)theircousinsinHalifaxontheAtlanticcoast.TheyflewtoVancouveron2.________Pacificcoastanddecidedtoadmirethe3.________(shore)ofLakeOntario.tovisittheshores

ThentheytookthetraintoLakeLouisewheretheysawbluewaterwhichliterallytook4.________(they)breathawaywithitsexceptionalbeauty.Later,thetrainrannorthtoJasper.Onthewaytheirtheyenjoyedthespectacularmountainpeaksandforests,seeingmanydifferentcreatures,5.________(include)deer,mountaingoatsandsoon.FromJasper,theycaughtthetraintowardsEdmonton,thecentreofCanada'shugeoilandgasdrillingindustry,6.________thereisalsooneofthelargestshoppingmallsinNorthAmerica.FromMontreal,incontrast7.________Toronto,theyheardpeopletalkinginFrench,whichwastruly8.___________(astonish).includingwheretoastonishingwereFinally

Afteranotherdayonthetrain,theyarrivedatWinnipeg.Thetrainthunderedonandtheyfoundthebushesandmapletreesoutsidetheirwindows9.________(be)red,goldandorange.10.________(final),theyreachedToronto.Allinall,theirtripfromVancouvertoTorontohadtakenadurationoffourdays.單句語(yǔ)法填空f(shuō)rozenarosebreathetofor

1.Thepipeshave________(freeze),sowe'vegotnowater. 2.He________(arise)atdawntocatchthefirstbus. 3.TheairwassothinthatIcouldhardly________(breath). 4.Thegovernmenthasdecidedthatthepublicationofthereportwouldbecontrary________thepublicinterest. 5.Itisstronglysuggestedthatyoutakeaplanebound________Paris.6.Whenit__________(thunder),aloudnoisecomesfromtheskyafteraflashoflightning.thunderspleasant/pleasing7.It'salways_________________(please)todowhatyou'regoodatdoing.anticipationadvertisementstorecruit

8.Thekingextendedtheperiodofthetrialin_____________(anticipate)ofobjectionsfromtheHarrisons'enemies. 9.Somecontemporary_______________(advertise)mainlyaimtomakecontributionstosociety. 10.Unfortunately,theyallowedhisnoticetoexpirewithoutfurtheractionandproceeded__________(recruit)newemployees.1.arisevi.(arose,arisen)起身；出現(xiàn)；由……引起

【原句】Thenextmorning,thetwogirlsaroseearlytotakethetraintoLakeLouise,passingthroughtheCanadianRockies.(教材P38)第二天早上，兩個(gè)女孩早早起床，坐火車去路易斯湖，穿過(guò)加拿大的落基山脈。【典例】①Severalnewindustriesaroseinthetown.城里出現(xiàn)了好幾種新行業(yè)。②Thecivilwararosefromthesocialinjusticespresentinthecountry.內(nèi)戰(zhàn)是由國(guó)內(nèi)現(xiàn)存的社會(huì)不公所引起的。【歸納】arisefrom由……引起；起因于ariseoutof起于單詞過(guò)去式/分詞詞義例句arisearose/arisen不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“起身；出現(xiàn)；由……引起”Anewproblemhasarisen.一個(gè)新的問(wèn)題出現(xiàn)了。riserose/risen不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“上升；升起；增長(zhǎng)”Thesunrisesintheeast.太陽(yáng)從東方升起。raiseraised/raised及物動(dòng)詞，意為“籌集；舉起；提高；飼養(yǎng)；撫養(yǎng)”Heraisedhishandtoanswerthequestion.他舉手回答問(wèn)題。【辨析】arise,rise與raise

【拓展】

表示“由于；因?yàn)椤钡亩陶Z(yǔ)有：becauseof,thanksto,owingto,asaconsequenceof,dueto,onaccountof,asaresultof,resultfrom。

【即學(xué)即用】單句語(yǔ)法填空arose(1)HeavyMetalmusicreally_________(arise)inthelate60s.一句多譯，每空一詞outof

(2)當(dāng)她冷靜下來(lái)的時(shí)候，她察覺(jué)到了夢(mèng)中許多場(chǎng)景是由前幾天白天中的影像和想象所引發(fā)的。 →Whenshebecamecoolersheperceivedthatmanyofthephasesofthedreamhadnaturallyarisen________________theimagesandfanciesofthedaybefore.arisenfrom

→Whenshebecamecoolersheperceivedthatmanyofthephasesofthedreamhadnaturally________________theimagesandfanciesofthedaybefore.2.boundadj.準(zhǔn)備前往(某地)；一定會(huì)

【原句】Theyspentthenight,andthentookacoachboundnorththroughtheCanadianRockiestoJasper.(教材P38)她們過(guò)了一夜，然后乘坐長(zhǎng)途汽車，向北穿越加拿大的落基山脈，來(lái)到賈斯珀。

【典例】①Theyareboundtotaketimetoreadjustafteraholiday.他們肯定需要時(shí)間重新適應(yīng)假期結(jié)束后的生活。②IboardedtheplaneboundforEngland.我登上了飛往英格蘭的飛機(jī)。【歸納】beboundby受……約束；由……聯(lián)系起來(lái)beboundtodosth.一定會(huì)做某事；有責(zé)任/有義務(wù)做某事boundfor...準(zhǔn)備前往……【拓展】boundv.跳；彈回boundup躍上beboundup和……緊密聯(lián)系【即學(xué)即用】bytopassfor

單句語(yǔ)法填空

(1)Youmaybetightlybound________dailyclasses,abundanthomeworkandfrequentexams. (2)Takeiteasy!Youarebound________(pass)theexam. (3)Theplanebound________theflood-strickenareacarriedmedicalandfood.boundtohappen完成句子，每空一詞(4)有時(shí)候錯(cuò)誤肯定會(huì)發(fā)生。Mistakesare________________________sometimes.

3.owevt.欠(賬、債、情等)；歸功于

【原句】That'stoobad.Youoweittoyourselvestostaylonger.(教材P44)那太糟糕了。你們應(yīng)該多待一會(huì)兒。

【典例】 ①Shestillowesherfather￡3，000.＝Shestillowes￡3，000toherfather.她還欠她父親3，000英鎊。 ②Youoweittoyourselftogetsomeprofessionalhelp.你應(yīng)該為了自己尋求專業(yè)人士的幫助。③So,whatdoweoweyouforallthisprogress？這樣的治療效果，我們?cè)摻o你多少錢？【歸納】owesb.sth.＝owesth.tosb.欠某人某物；把……歸功于某人oweittosb.that...把……歸功于某人oweittoyourselftodosth.自己應(yīng)該做某事owefor欠……的錢【拓展】owingto由于；因?yàn)椤炯磳W(xué)即用】單句語(yǔ)法填空toOwingowesfor

(1)IknewthatIowedmylife__________thedoctorsandnurses. (2)___________(owe)tohisillness,Petercouldn'tkeepupwiththerestoftheclass.

完成句子，每空一詞

(3)他去年夏天買東西欠的錢還未還呢！

Hestill________________whatheboughtlastsummer!1.takesb'sbreathaway令人驚嘆【原句】Whenthetrainarrivedatthestation,theytookataxitoLakeLouise,wherethebluewaterliterallytooktheirbreathawaywithitsexceptionalbeauty.(教材P38)火車抵達(dá)后，她們乘坐出租車來(lái)到路易斯湖，那里湛藍(lán)的湖水異常美麗，令她們驚嘆不已。【典例】

①Lifeisnotthemomentthatyoubreathe,lifeisthemomentthattakeyourbreathaway.生活的意義不是你活著，而是那些令你絲絲心動(dòng)的時(shí)刻。

②Mothertookadeepbreathofsweetpineryairandgazedoutovertheglitteringlake.空氣含著松樹的芬芳，母親深深地吸了一口氣，看著波光晶耀的湖水。【拓展】takeadeepbreath深呼吸c(diǎn)atchabreath喘口氣outofbreath上氣不接下氣holdone'sbreath屏住呼吸【即學(xué)即用】單句語(yǔ)法填空away

(1)Truelovecansweepyouoffyourfeet.Lovecantakeyourbreath________.

完成句子，每空一詞

(2)當(dāng)我們氣喘吁吁地到達(dá)車站時(shí)，火車已經(jīng)離開一個(gè)小時(shí)了。outofbreath

Whenwegottothetrainstation______________________，thetrainhadleftforhalfanhour.2.contraryto相反的；相對(duì)立的

【原句】Well,contrarytowhatmanypeoplebelieve,therearealotofvastandemptyspacesinChina,actually.(教材P43)事實(shí)上，與許多人所認(rèn)為的相反，中國(guó)有很多空曠的地方。【典例】Contrarytopopularbelief,moderateexerciseactuallydecreasesyourappetite.與通常的看法相反，適度的運(yùn)動(dòng)事實(shí)上會(huì)降低食欲。【拓展】onthecontrary正相反；相反的是tobecontraryto違背；與……相反tothecontrary相反；與此相反quitethecontrary恰恰相反；正相反【即學(xué)即用】單句語(yǔ)法填空to(1)Contrary________whatIthought,hehasprovedtobesuccessful.Onthecontrary

完成句子，每空一詞

(2)正相反，我們應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)和他們的合作。

________________________，weshouldstrengthenourcooperationwiththem.(3)這些話她全聽(tīng)到了，卻沒(méi)有反駁，好在國(guó)王非常愛(ài)她，所以并不相信這些話。tothecontrary

Sheheardallthisandcouldsaynothing________________________，buttheKingwouldnotbelieveit,ceedtosth.進(jìn)而做(參加)

【原句】...theyonlyhadafewhourstokillbeforetheyhadtoproceedtothenextlegoftheirtriptoMontreal...(教材P44)……離出發(fā)到下一站蒙特利爾前，她們只有幾個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間……【典例】①Iloveit.Let'sproceedwiththisplan.我喜歡。我們就照這計(jì)劃進(jìn)行吧。②Theywillproceedtobuildanotherlaboratorybuilding.他們將著手建造另一座實(shí)驗(yàn)大樓。【拓展】proceedagainst控告某人，控訴proceedwithsth.繼續(xù)某事proceedtodosth.繼續(xù)做某事proceedto...前去……【即學(xué)即用】單句語(yǔ)法填空withtotoexplain

(1)Idon'twanttodisturbyou;proceed________yourwork. (2)PassengersforParisshouldproceed________gate28forboarding. (3)Pleaseproceed______________(explain)ittousindetail.1.Edmontonisfreezingcoldinwinter,withdailytemperaturesaveraging－10℃.(教材P38)冬天的埃德蒙頓非常寒冷，日平均氣溫為零下10攝氏度。【剖析】

本句中withdailytemperaturesaveraging－10℃是with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。【典例】

①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·閱讀理解D)Emotionalintelligence,withitsfocusonbothheadandheart,mayservetopointusintherightdirection.情商是對(duì)頭腦和心靈的關(guān)注，可能有助于為我們指引正確的方向。②Shehadtowalkhomewithherbikestolen.自行車被偷了，她只好步行回家。

【注意】

復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作介詞with

的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中第一部分賓語(yǔ)由名詞或代詞充當(dāng)，第二部分補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式或分詞充當(dāng)。

【即學(xué)即用】單句語(yǔ)法填空l(shuí)eadingclosed

(1)Withtheboy________(lead)theway,theyeasilyfoundthehouse. (2)Theysattogetheraroundthetable,withthedoor________(close).

2.Itwasnotuntil9：30a.m.thattheyfinallyreachedthecapitalofOntario,Toronto.(教材P39)直到上午9點(diǎn)30分，她們才終于到達(dá)安大略省的首府多倫多。【剖析】

本句中Itwasnotuntil9：30a.m.that...是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)until9：30a.m.。【典例】

Itwasnotuntiltheinventionofwebbrowserthatinternetbegantobepopular.直到發(fā)明了網(wǎng)頁(yè)瀏覽器，因特網(wǎng)才開始流行起來(lái)。【注意】

對(duì)not...until...結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)，要用Itis/wasnotuntil...that...這一固定句型。由于not已經(jīng)前移，that后只能用肯定形式。和not...until...的倒裝句要分清。如：Notuntil11o'clocklastnightdidmyfatherreturn.(倒裝句)【點(diǎn)津】

強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的時(shí)態(tài)只用兩種，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。原句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，用Itwas，其余的時(shí)態(tài)用Itis。【即學(xué)即用】單句語(yǔ)法填空that(1)He'snotwillingtotellmewhatitis________istroublinghim.Itwasnotuntil句式改寫，每空一詞(2)Themanwasnotabletospeakuntilatleastthirtysecondshadpassed.that

→________________________________atleastthirtysecondshadpassed________themanwasabletospeak.(改為強(qiáng)調(diào)句)Notuntilwas

→________________atleastthirtysecondshadpassed________themanabletospeak.(改為倒裝句)3.Wewenttobedassoonaswearrivedatthehotelbecauseweweresotired.(教材P41)我們一到旅館就上床睡覺(jué)了，因?yàn)槲覀兲哿恕！酒饰觥?/p>

本句使用了assoonas引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“一……就……”。【典例】①AssoonasIhadmadethefinaldecision,Ifeltalotmorerelaxed.我一作出最后的決定就感覺(jué)輕松多了。②OnarrivinginBeijing,hecalledmeup.他一到北京就給我打了電話。【注意】表示“一……

就……”的表達(dá)還有：on/upondoing...,immediately/directly/instantly,themoment/theminute/thesecond/theinstant。【即學(xué)即用】一句多譯，每空一詞immediately他一坐下就開始工作。(1)Hegotdowntobusiness_____________hesatatthedesk.(2)Hegotdowntobusiness___________________________hesatatthedesk.themoment/minute/instant(3)Hegotdowntobusiness________________________hesatatthedesk.assoonasOn/Uponsitting(4)_________________atthedesk,hegotdowntobusiness.【題目】假定你是英國(guó)的Smith,打算來(lái)中國(guó)旅行，請(qǐng)你給你的中國(guó)筆友李華寫一封信，要點(diǎn)如下：1.你的旅行計(jì)劃：北京——泰山——杭州；2.征求他的建議并詢問(wèn)他是否愿意充當(dāng)你的導(dǎo)游。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：故宮theForbiddenCity;泰山MountTaiDearLiHua，______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely，Smith參考范文：DearLiHua，I'mexcitedtopayavisittoChinanextmonth.Myarrangementsareasfollows.Firstofall,IplantovisitBeijing,thecapitalofChina,whereIamlookingfrowardtoenjoyingtheGreatWall,theForbiddenCityandsomebeautifulparks.ThenIintendtoproceedtoMountTaiinShandongProvince,whichIhavebeendreamingofvisitingsincemychildhood.Ican'twaittoenjoytheamazingscenerythere.Afterthat,IwillheadforHangzhou.Itissaidthatitisamoderncitywithnaturalsightswhichwilltakemybreathaway.I'veheardthattheWestLakeisawell-knowntouristattraction.Whatdoyouthinkofmyplan?WillyouactasmyguideandbereadytoofferhelpwheneverIneedit?Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yourssincerely，Smith【步驟分解】應(yīng)用文一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)★步