Unit10Period(1-2)Part1:ClassPlanningTeachingMaterialNewHorizonCollegeEnglishBookIUnit10BeingHonestandOpenTextATeachingObjectivesLetstudentsgraspthenewwordsandexpressionsLetstudentsmasterthemeaningofeachwordincludingEnglishandChinesemeaning.TeachingFocusSomeimportantnewwords:demonstrateboundaryconveniencescarceapplyconsistassistanceensure assureconcedeclarifyappointprogressivegenuinerelypreservebasisyieldImportantphrases:middlepointsellout(to)athandinshortsupplythebottomlinedemandofconsistofstandforaccountforthinkofdofinegive(the)creditrelyon/uponfeelgoodengageininotherwordswinthedayTeachingMethodsInteractiveTeachingCommunicativeTeachingTeachingAidsTeachingnotespreparedbytheteacherTimeAllotment:Ts'openingremarks(3')Pre-readingTasks(59)While-readingTasksExplanationsofnewwordsandphrases(60')ConsolidationAfter-textExerciseson58(10')Assignments(2')PartII.TeachingLecturesStepOne:Readnewwords,phrasesandexpressionsandpayattentiontoyourpronunciation.Theteachergivessimpleanalyses,explanationsorextensions.StepTwo:Explanationofsomekeywordsdemonstratevt.showclearlyE.g.Youhavetodemonstratehowtooperatethecomputer.vi.takepartinamarchormeetingtoprotestortomakedemandsE.g.Some30,000angryfarmersaredemonstratinginthecentralegrityn.honestyE.g.Hisintegrityisunquestioned.moralityn.1)moralvalues;rightorwrongE.g.It*snotaquestionofmoralitybutaquestionofconscience.quality;goodnessE.g.One'smoralityoftenreflectshisconscience.boundaryn.1)(figuratively)limitE.g.theboundariesofhumanthoughttheboundariesofone'sknowledgedividinglineE.g.Theriverformstheboundarybetweenthetwostates.conveniencen.1)comfortE.g.Thenewhousehaseverymodernconvenience.2)usefulnessE.g.Shoppingbagsareprovidedforthecustomers*convenience.scarcea.notmuchormanycomparedwithwhatiswanted;hardtofindE.g.Nowadaysmenofintegrityarescarceandhardtofind.apply1)giveorhaveaneffect;useforapurposeE.g.Therulesofsafedrivingapplytoeveryone.Heknowstherulebutdoesnotknowhowtoapplyittohiswork.requestofficiallyE.g.Sheisapplyingforajobassecretary.causetoworkhard;devoteE.g.Thereasonforhisfailureintheexamisthathedidn'tapplyhimselftohisstudy.consist(of)bemadeupofE.g.Thetextbookconsistsoftenunits.assistancen.(U)fml.helporsupportE.g.Unlesswereceivemorefinancialassistancefromthegovernment,theschoolwillhavetoclose.ensurevt.1)makesureorcertainE.g.Comeearlytoensuregettingagoodseat.Thenovelensuredhisnameasagreatwriter.makesureofgetting;secureE.g.Aletterofintroductionwillensureyouaninterview.Thismedicinewillensureyouagoodnight'ssleep.assurevt.1)tellpositivelyorconfidentlyE.g.Iassureyouthatthismedicinecannotharmyou.make(oneself)sureorcertain;convinceE.g.Beforegoingtobedsheassuredherselfthatthedoorwastestv.1)makecomplaint,objectE.g.Theyprotestedaboutthebadfoodatthehotel.Therewasalargecrowdinthesquare,protestingagainstthewar.2)declareseriouslyE.g.Weurgedhertocometothepartywithus,butsheprotestedthatshewastootired.n.1)astatementthatdeclinesorobjectsE.g.Ifeveryonerefusedtobuymeatinprotest,theshopswouldhavetobringtheirmeatpricesdown.2)aseriousstatementE.g.Thechargedmanwasjudgedguiltydespitehisprotestofnotbeingatfault.14)concedev.1)yieldE.g.Heconcededustherighttowalkthroughhisland.2)admitastrue,oftenunwillinglyE.g.Thegovernmentconcededdefeatassoonastheelectionresultswereknown.Fmwillingtoconcedethatalargercarwouldhavecostmore,butIstillthinkweshouldhaveboughtone.appointvt.choose(someone)forajob,etc.E.g.Theyappointedhimaschairman.Theyappointedhim(tobe)gressivea.1)movingforwardcontinuouslyorbystagesE.g.Weseetheprogressivedevelopmentofthecitywithourowneyes.improvingorchangingaccordingtonewideasE.g.Thisisaprogressivefirmthatusesthemostmodernmethodsofoperationinitsbusiness.dwarfn.apersonofmuchlessthanusualsizeE.g.Theirsecondsonisadwarf.vt.causetoappearsmallwhencomparedE.g.Thenewtallbuildingdwarfsallthelittleshops.giantn.1)apersonwhoismuchbiggerthanisusualE.g.Heisoneofthegiantsinthefieldofscience.apersonofgreatabilityE.g.Shakespeareisagiantamongwriters.a.unusuallylargeorimportantE.g.Itisagiantsteptowardssuccess.genuinea.real;trueE.g.TheyYeconvincedthatthepictureisgenuine.IftheofferisgenuineIwillgladlyacceptit.coren.1)(figurative)thecentralormostimportantpartE.g.Thisisthecoreofthediscussion.ThecoresubjectsareEnglish,mathematicsandChinese.thehard,centralpart,containingtheseeds,offruitslikeapplesandpearsE.g.Someonethrewanapplecore.relyvi.(on)trust;haveconfidenceinE.g.Youcan*trelyontheweather.externala.1)(figurative)easilyseenbutnotessential;onthesurfaceE.g.Judgedbyhisexternalappearanceshewasaquietman,buthehadaviolenttemper.outsideE.g.anexternalwound タト傷Themedicineisforexternaluse,nottodrink.22)inevitablea.whichcannotbepreventedfromhappeningE.g.Anangryexchangewasinevitablebecausetheyhatedeachothersomuch.23)preservevt.1)keep;protectE.g.Weneedtopreservetheforest.hopethatfatemaypreserveyoufromallharm.2)storeE.g.preservedeggs皮蛋preservedfruit 果脯maskn.acoveringfortheface,tohideorprotectitE.g.Eachmotorcycledriverhastowearamask.vt.1)putamaskoverE.g.Thebankrobbersmaskedtheirfaces.銀行搶劫犯戴了面具。hideE.g.Shetriedtomaskherfeelings.Athickcloudmaskedthesun.tougha.1)hard;difficultE.g.Thesedaysareverytough.Thetoughproblemishowtoraisethemoneyneeded.2)strongE.g.Heisverytoughandcancarrythishugerockponentn.anecessaryoressentialpartE.g.Themanagementplanhasfourmaincomponents.basisn.1)(pl.:bases)1.foundationE.g.Wejudgeaworkeronthebasisofhisperformance.我們判斷工人的基礎是看他的表現。themainpart;baseE.g.Themoneyhegotfromhisfatherwasthebasisforanewbusiness.enrichvt.1)improveE.g.Itisimportanttoenrichthesoilbeforeplanting.makerichorricherE.g.Aneducationenrichesyourmind.TVenricheslifeinsomeways.relationshipn.1)friendshiporconnectionbetweenpeopleE.g.Moneyproblemsplacegreatstressonclosefamilyrelationships.connectionE.g.Thestudyshowsthatthereisarelationshipbetweendietandcancer.yieldv.1)giveup;quitE.g.HeyieldstotemptationduceE.g.Thisresearchhasbeeninprogresssince1978andhasyieldedmanypositiveresults.Thispieceoflandyieldedacropworth$500,000lastyear.temptvt.drawin;inviteE.g.Itisthefreshfruitthattemptsmeatthistimeofyear.Thefactthatshehadbecomerichdidnottempthertoalterherplainwayoflife.reara.attheback;inthebackE.g.Therearseatsofthetaxialsohavebelts.Shereturnedtorearmilitarycentreaboutfifteenmilesbehindthefrontlines,n.thebackpart;backE.g.Hesettledintherearofthetaxi.rear-viewn.asightofwhatisbehind后視middlepoint:(figuratively)apositionwhichisbetweentwoverydifferentonesE.g.Youhavetobeeitherhonestordishonest.Thereisnomiddlepoint.sellout(to):letdownone'scause,orone'sside(tosb.)E.g.Shesoldouttotheothersideandleftus.athandnearintimeorplaceE.g.Realizingthattheendofhiscareerwasnearathand,helookedforsomeadditionalincome.Havingtherightequipmentathandwillbeveryhelpful.beingconsideredE.g.Whathesaidhasnothingtodowiththequestionathand.inshortsupply:notenough;notquiteavailableE.g.Thejeansofthisstyleareinshortsupplynow.Topmanagersareinshortsupply.thebottomline:themostimportantfactor;themainoressentialpointE.g.Thebottomlineisthatwedidnotmakemoney.Thebottomlineisthatthestudentsdidn'tstudyhardenough.Forgetthedetailandgivemethebottomline.demandof:expect(something)from(someoneorsomething)E.g.Hardworkwillbedemandedofstudentsinthiscourse.Haveyouanyideawhatafull-timepoliticalcareerwilldemandofyou?consistof:bemadeupofE.g.Theschoolconsistsofthreedepartments.Thefullsetconsistsof12glasses.standforhold(anopinion);meanorbelieve(somethingsuchasaprinciple)E.g.Thispartystandsforequaltreatmentinemploymentandfairtrading.acceptorbear(somethingbad);bearwithE.g.IfthereisonethingIwon*tstandfor,it*sbeingtreatedlikeanofficeboy.Whatshecan'tstandforisthathesmokesinheroffice.3)representE.g.Whatdothesethreelettersstandfor?accountforgiveastatementaboutsomething(esp.money)E.g.YouhavetoaccounttotheHeadOfficeforanystampsyouuse.beorgiveareasonfor(somethingordoingsomething)E.g.Billmustbeill;itstheonlythingthataccountsforhisbeingaway."Theradioisoutoforder.'*"Oh,thatwouldaccountforthestrangenoiseit*smaking.**thinkoftakeintoaccount;haveinone*smindE.g.Ican*tgotonight,Ihavemymothertothinkof.WhenIsaidthat,Iwasnotthinkingofherfeeling.havethoughtsconcerning(somethingorsomeone)E.g.Ican*tthinkofhisname,buthewasatallmanwithglasses.OnherwaytoschoolSandywasthinkingofherbrotherBill.imagine(somethingordoingsomething)E.g.We'dliketogotoParisthissummer,butthinkofthecost!dofine:doagoodjobE.g.Heisdoingfineinthecompany.give(the)credit:give(someone)praise(forsomething)E.g.Hewasgivencreditforhiswork.Togivesomeonecreditforagoodqualitymeanstobelievethathehasit.relyon!upon:dependon/uponE.g.Shehadprovedthatshecouldbereliedoninacrisis.Youcan'trelyonhimforassistance.feelgood:feelhappy,confident,pleasedwithoneselfE.g.IfeelgoodwhenI'msinging.Somepeoplegivemoneytothepoornotsomuchbecausetheyareconcernedaboutdoinggood,butbecauseitmakesthemfeelgood.engagein(causeto)takepartinorworkat(something);make(oneself)busyin(somethingordoingsomething)E.g.Ifyouengageinpoliticalaffairs,youcannotexpecttohavemuchtimeforyourfamily.Isitwisetoengageinactivesportsatyourage?cause(someoneorsomething)tobeconcernedin(something)E.g.BegoodenoughtoengagemyauntinconversationsothatIcanescapefromthisdullfamilyparty.inotherwords:thatis(tosay);putadifferentway;differentlyexpressedE.g.Pressureonthesurfaceofanobjectchangeswiththedepthoftheobjectbelowthesurfaceofthewater.Inotherwords,thefartherdownyougo,thegreaterthepressure.wintheday:(alsocarry/gaintheday)wininacompetition,angryexchange,etc.;besuccessfulE.g.Hisdetermination,hisrefusingtobackdown,andpossiblyhisintegrityhadwontheday.StepThree:Assignment:Reviewthewordsthathavebeenlearnedandfinishthevocabularyexercise.Previewthepassage.Period(3-4)Part1:ClassPlanningTeachingMaterial:NewHorizonCollegeEnglishBookIUnit10BeingHonestandOpenTextATeachingObjectives:Graspthemainideaandstructureofthetext;Graspthekeylanguagepointsandgrammaticalstructuresinthetext;Conductreading,speakingandwritingactivitiesrelatedtothethemeoftheunit.TeachingFocusanddifficultpoints:ThemainideaandstructureofTextA.TheunderstandingoftextAincludingsomedifficultexpressions.Thefollow-upactivity:debateon21stCenturyTeachingMethods:InteractiveTeachingCommunicativeTeachingTeachingAids:TeachingnotespreparedbytheteacherBlackboard,TaperecorderTimeAllotment:Dictationofwordsorphrases(5‘)While-readingTasksQuestions(5‘)StructureAnalysis(5‘)LanguagePoints&DifficultSentences(59')Post-readingTasksTranslatetheParagraphintoChineseonpage59(5')Assignments(1,)Assignments:CompleteexercisesrelatedtoTextAPreviewsectionBPartII.TeachingLecturesStepOne:RevisionStepTwo:SkimmingandansweringthefollowingquestionsWhydidtheauthor'sgrandparentsbelievethatUyouwereeitherhonestoryouwerenot"?(Because,asthesayingimplies,one'sactiondemonstrateswhetherheishonestordishonest.)Accordingtothegrandparents,whatdoesintegrityinvolve?(Integrityinvolveshavingapersonalstandardofmoralityandboundariesthatdoesnotsellouttoconvenienceandthatisnotrelativetothesituationathand.)What'swrongwithintegritytoday?(Itisinshortsupply.)AccordingtotheauthorwhatarethethreeprinciplesthatconstitutetheIntegrityTriangle?(Theyare:Standfirmlyforyourconvictionswhenconfrontedwithpersonalpressure;Alwaysgiveotherscreditthatisrightfullytheirs;Behonestandopenaboutwhoyoureallyare.)Whatdoesthestoryaboutthenurseandthesurgeontellus?(Ittellsusthatwhenyouknowyouareright,don'tgiveup.)Whatdoesthesecondprinciplemean?(Itmeansthatoneshouldalwaysgiveotherpeoplethepraisethattheymerit.)Whydosomepeoplerelyonexternalfactorsinordertofeelgoodaboutthemselves?(Becausetheylackgenuinecorevalues.)Whatarethepowerfulcomponentsofintegrityandbasisforenrichingyourrelationshipswithothers?(Theyareself-respectandaclearconscience.)StepThree:LanguagePointsTherewasnomiddlepoint.(Para.1)Meaning:Youcouldn'tsitonthefenceorinthemiddle-of-the-road:Youwereeitherhonestordishonest.Theyhadasimplesayinghangingontheirliving700nlwall:(Para.1)hangon:holdsomethingorsomeonetightlyE.g.Don'thangthepictureonthatwallasitisfacingthesunallday.Hangontight;it'sgoingtobearoughride.uLifeislikeafieldofnewlyfallensnow.WhereIchoosetowalkeverystepwillshow.f,(Para.1)Meaning:Lifeislikeafieldthatiscoveredwithfreshsnow.WhenIwalkonit,thesnowshowseverystepofmine.Pleasenoticethat"where"hereisaconjunction,meaningat,totheplace(at)which;在任何地方E.g.WhereIlivethereareplentyofsheep,在我住的地方有很多羊。or/toanyplaceatallthat;去任何地方E.g.Gowhereyoulike.去你喜歡的地方吧。whileorwhereas;but(=whereas)而,但是E.g.Theywantahouse,wherewewouldratherliveinaflat.他們想要棟房子,而我們卻寧可住公寓。Theydidn7havetotalkaboutit-theydemonstratedthistruthbytheirlifestyle.(Para.I)Meaning:Mygrandparentdidn'thavetoexplainthesaying;theirlifestylejustprovedhowtruethesayingis.Theyunderstoodinstinctivelythatintegrityinvolveshavingapersonalstandardofmoralityandboundariesthatdonotsellouttoconvenienceandthatisnotrelativetothesituationathand.(Para.2)Meaning:Theyknewbyinstinctthatbeinghonestmeansthatoneshouldhavehisownpersonalstandardofrightorwrongandknowhislimits,andthatthepersonalstandardshouldnotbeletdownforeaseorcomfort,oralteredbythepresentsituation.Pleasenoticethatboththesecondandthirdthat-clause,thatis,nthatdoesnot..."and“thatisnot..."modifytheword"standard".Integrityisaninnercompassforjudgingyourbehavior.(Para.2)Meaning:Honestyisacompassinyourheartthatjudgesyourbehavior.Unfortunatelyyintegrityisinshortsupplytoday-andgettingscarcer.(Para.3)Meaning:Unfortunately,integrityisinbadneednow,andfewerpeoplearehonest.Butitistherealbottomlineineveryareaofsocietyandadisciplinewemustdemandofourselves.(Para.3)Meaning:Butintegrityisveryimportantineveryareaofsociety,anditiseducationthatisnecessarytous.AgoodtestforthisvalueistoapplywhatIcalltheuIntegrityTriangle9f,whichconsistsofthreekeyprinciples:(Para.3)Meaning:Ifyouwanttoseehowimportantintegrityis,justusewhatIcallthe"IntegrityTriangle",whichismadeupofthreeimportantprinciples.Standfirmlyforyourconvictionswhenconfrontedwithpersonalpressure.(Para.4)Meaning:Don'tgiveupyourconvictionsinthefaceofpersonalpressure.whenconfrontedwith:whenyouareconfrontedwith;whenyouarefacedwith...asurgicalnurse'sassistanceduringherfirstdayonthemedicalteam...(Para.4)Meaning:...asurgicalnurse'shelpduringherfirstdaywhensheworkedamongothermembersofthemedicalteam...on:among(是) 的成員;供職于onateam(是)ー個隊的成員E.g.Iamonthecommitteeconsideringnewmembersforourclub.我是俱樂部委員會的委員,負責審查俱樂部新成員的資格。Shewasresponsibleforensuringthatallsurgicalinstrumentsandmaterialswereaccountedforduringanoperation.(Para.4)Meaning:Herresponsibilitywastomakesurethatallsurgicalinstrumentsandmaterialswerereturnedduringanoperation.uThinkofthepatient.,r(Para.6)Meaning:"Havethepatientinyourmind."''You'lldojustfineinthisoranyotherhospital,"heassuredher.(Para.7)Meaning:"Youwilldoagoodjobinthisoranyotherhospital,"hetoldherpositively.Whenyouknowyou'reright,youcan'tconcede.(Para.8)Meaning:Whenyouknowyou'reright,youcan'tbackdown.Alwaysgiveotherscreditthatisrightfullytheirs.(Para.9)Meaning:Alwaysgiveotherpeoplethepraisethattheymerit.DavidOgilvy,...,clarifiedthispointtohisnewlyappointedofficeheadsbysendingeachofthemaRussiannestingdollwithfiveprogressivelysmallerfiguresinside.(Para.10)Meaning:DavidOgilvy,...,madethispointcleartohisnewlyappointedofficeheadsbysendingeachofthemaRussiannestingdollwhichcontainedfivefiguresthatweredollbydollsmaller.Here"thispoint"referstowhathasbeensaidinthelastsentenceofthepreviousparagraph.Behonestandopenaboutwhoyoureallyare.(Para.12)Meaning:Beyourselfanddon'tpretend.Peoplewholackgenuinecorevaluesrelyonexternalfactors-theirlooksorstatus-inordertofeelgoodaboutthemselves.(Para.12)Meaning:Peoplewhodon'thaveanyrealinnervaluesrelyonexternalinfluencessuchastheirlooks,status,clothes,etc.tomakethemselvesconfidentorhappy.Inevitablytheywilldoeverythingtheycantopreservethisfalsemask,buttheywilldoverylittletoenhancetheirinnervalueandpersonalgrowth.(Para.12)Meaning:Theywillcertainlydoeverythingtheycantokeepthefalseappearancebutwilldoalmostnothingtoincreasetheirinnervalueorpromotetheirpersonalgrowth.Don'tengageinapersonalcover-upofareasthatareunpleasinginyourlife.(Para.13)Meaning:Don*tdoanythingtohidethingsinyourlifethatdonotpleaseyou."Toughtimesneverlastbuttoughpeopledo"...(Para.13)Meaning:"Hardtimeswillcometoanendsoonerorlater,butstrongpeoplewillneverbedefeatedbydifficulties."Inotherwords,facerealityandbematureinyourresponsestolife'schallenges.(Para.13)Meaning:Thatistosay,whenlife'schallengescome,don'tescapefromthembutmeetthemasabraveman.Self-respectandaclearconsciencearepowerfulcomponentsofintegrityandarethebasisforenrichingyourrelationshipswithothers.(Para.14)Meaning:Self-respectandasenseofrightandwrongareessentialtoone'shonestyandessentialtoimprovingone'srelationshipswithothersnotjustfashionableorpoliticallycorrect.(Para.14)Meaning:...butnotjustbecauseitisathingthateveryonedoesorbecauseitispoliticallycorrect.Alifeofprinciple,ofnotyieldingtothetemptingattractionsofaneasymorality,willalwayswintheday.(Para.14)...withouthavingtocheckyourtracksinarear-viewmirror.(Para.14)Meaning:...withoutlookingbackwitharegretatwhatyouhavedone.StepFour:AssignmentRecitethenewwordsandphrasesandpreparefordictationFinishtheexercisesPeriod(5-6)Part1:ClassPlanningTeachingMaterial:NewHorizonCollegeEnglishBookIUnit10WebSiteResources:TheBestAidforCheating?TextBTeachingObjectives:Conductreading,speakingandwritingactivitiesrelatedtothethemeoftheunit.TeachingFocusanddifficultpoints:Thefollow-upactivities:exercisesanddebateon“Integrity”TeachingMethods:InteractiveTeachingCommunicativeTeachingTeachingAids:TeachingnotespreparedbytheteacherBlackboard,TaperecorderTimeAllotment:Post-readingTasksRevision(5')Therestexercises.(5‘)Test(5')LearningTextB(63')Assignments(2')Assignments:CompleteexercisesrelatedtoTextsB&CReviewUnitthreePreviewthenextunitPartII.TeachingLecturesStepOne:ExplaintheExerciseafterthepassageA.StepTwo:ReadingSkillsUnderstandingIdiomaticExpressionsIt*stimeformorepracticeofaskillyoulearnedinUnitSix—guessingthemeaningofidiomaticexpressions.Rememberthatinthecaseofidiomaticexpressions,wordformationcluescanbemisleading,butthatcontextclues-examples,explanations,contrastsorparallelphrases-canhelpyoufigureoutthemeanings."UnderstandingIdiomaticExpressions“wasintroducedinunit6andthistimewehavemorepracticeoftheseexpressions.AshasbeenstatedinUnit6,themeaningofidiomaticexpressionscanbeverydifficult-evenimpossible—toguess.Anditisveryimportantforustounderstandthemeaningoftheoverallreadingpassage.NowherearemoreexamplespickedupfromReadingPassageA,Unit10.Mygrandparentsbelievedthatyouwereeitherhonestoryouwerenot.Therewasnomiddlepoint.(Para.1,PassageA,Unit10)middlepoint:apositionwhichisbetweentwoverydifferentones;somethingjustbetweenAandBShewasresponsibleforensuringthatallsurgicalinstrumentsandmaterialswereaccountedforduringanoperation.(Para.4,PassageA,Unit10)accountedfor:giveastatementorexplanationabouthowsomethingisusedandkeptAlwaysgiveotherscreditthatisrightfullytheirs.Don'tbeafraidofthosewhomighthaveabetterideaorwhomightevenbemoreintelligentthanyouare.(Para.9,PassageA,Unit10)giveotherscredit/givecreditto:praisesomeoneAlifeofprinciple,ofnotyieldingtothetemptingattractionsofaneasymorality,willalwayswintheday..(Para.14,PassageA,Unit10)wintheday:besuccessfulNowhereisabriefsummaryofthereadingskillswehavecoveredinBook1foryourquickreferenceinconvenience.ReadingSkillsforBook1Unit1:GuessingNewWordsUnit2:OpinionorFactsUnit3:KeyIdeasinSentencesUnit4:ReadingforMainIdeasinParagraphsUnit5:ReadingforMajorDetailsUnit6:UnderstandingIdiomaticExpressionsUnit7: ReadingbetweentheLinesUnit8:ScanningandPredictingUnit9:PredictingfromSubtitlesUnit10:UnderstandingIdiomaticExpressionsStepThree:ExplanationofsomekeywordsI)cheatv.actdishonestly;treatsomeonebylyingE.g.Healwayscheatsatcards.Studentsmaybetemptedtocheatinordertogetintotopschools.n.apersonwhocheatsE.g.Noonelikescheats.nerven.1)threadlikepartinthebodythatcarriesfeelingsandmessagestoandfromthebraincourage;strengthorcontrolofmindE.g.Heisamanofnerve.Imeanttodoit,butIlostmynerve.disrespectfulmannersE.g.HehadthenervetosaythatIwasafool.ultimatea.1)greatestE.g.Hisultimategoalatthemomentistogoandstudyoutofthecountry.thelastorfarthestdistant;beingattheendorhappeningintheendE.g.Theultimatecostofthejobwasoverahundreddollars.illicita.notallowed;unlawfulE.g.Sellingalcoholorcigarettestochildrenisregardedasillicit.contemporarya.1)modern;ofthepresentE.g.adictionaryofcontemporaryEnglish一部當代英格詞典contemporaryhistory 當代歷史ofthesametimeE.g.KeatswascontemporarywithShelley.n.apersonwhobelongstothesameperiodoftimeE.g.KeatsandShelleywerecontemporaries.Johnismycontemporary;weareboth52.fakevt.1)makeorcopytotrickE.g.Ithoughtthepaintingwasoldbutithadbeenfaked.Thepicturewasfakedbystickingtogethertwophotos.pretendE.g.Shefakedillnesssothatshedidnothavetogotoschool.n.apersonorthingthatisnotwhathe/she/itlookslikeorsth.thatisnotrealE.g.Hisdiamondringlookedgenuine,butitwasafake.Ithoughthewasaministerbuthewasafakeandrobbedme.Thecriminalhadafakeidentitycard.reconcilevt.1)makepeacebetween;makefriendlyagainE.g.Theyquarreledbutnowtheyarecompletelyreconciled.findagreementbetween(2actionsorideas)E.g.Ican*treconcilethosetwoideas.Howdoyoureconcileyourprincipleswithyourbehavior?dilemman.adifficultchoicebetweentwo(bad)things;aproblemE.g.ShewasinadilemmaastowhethertomarryJohn,whowaspoor,orCharles,whowasugly.Theymanagedtofindawayoutoftheirdilemma.authentica.knowntobereal;genuineE.g.He*sgotanauthenticletterbyShakespeare.Whenyousayapaintingisafake,youmeanitisnotauthentic.perceivevt.1)seeE.g.Didyouperceivethemarkonthewall?Akeytaskistogetpupilstoperceiveforthemselvestherelationshipbetweensuccessandeffort.takeinwiththemind;understandE.g.IsoonperceivedthatIcouldnotmakehimchangehismind.Theystrangelyperceivetelevisionasentertainment.issuen.1)animportantpointE.g.Thekeyissueforhighereducationofthenewcenturyistobringthestudents*creativityintofullplay.printingatonetimeofamagazine,etc.E.g.Ireadh