高中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞講解高中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞講解高中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞講解V:1.0精細(xì)整理，僅供參考高中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞講解日期：20xx年X月情態(tài)動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)講解1.Chinaisdevelopingitshigh-speedtraintechnologyfast,soit_____begoodenoughtocatchupwiththebest.A.mayB.mightC.mustD.should2.Thensomeotherinterestingreasonsappear,suchas“It'ssosmoggythatI______findmywaytooffice."A.mustn’tB.won’tC.can’tD.shouldn’t3."Theworldisbig,andIwanttoseeit,"wroteateacherinherresignationletter._____youquityourjobtotraveltheworld?

A.MustB.MightC.ShouldD.Would【答案揭曉】 CCD一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的定義情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是一種本身有一定的詞義，但要與動(dòng)詞原形或其被動(dòng)語態(tài)一起使用，給謂語動(dòng)詞增添情態(tài)色彩，表示說話人對(duì)有關(guān)行為或事物的態(tài)度和看法，認(rèn)為其可能.應(yīng)該或必要等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加動(dòng)詞原形。1.NodrivingelectricmotorbikesinsomeareasisarulethatweshallobeyinFuzhou.必須.一定（法律.法規(guī)等）動(dòng)詞原形2.Womenwhoareexposedtosecond-handsmokeduringtheirpregnancycanbeatriskofabortion.能，會(huì)，可以(表示有能力或機(jī)會(huì))動(dòng)詞原形二、?？记閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞的關(guān)鍵用法(一)can1.－Jim，itistimeyouwenttobed．Youneedtogetupearlytomorrow.－It’snotfair，MarycanstayuptilltenhutIhavetogotobedateight.可以(表示允許)2.Ifitwerenotforthefactthatshecan'tsing，Iwouldinvitehertotheparty.能，會(huì)，可以(表示有能力)3.Luckily,ironcanbereworkedandmistakesdon'thavetobethrownaway能夠，可以(表示某事物的特點(diǎn))4.Petercanbereallydifficulttogetalongwithattimeseventhoughhe’sanicepersoningeneral.有可能;有時(shí)會(huì)5.Icannotchoosebuttogo.不能，無法(用于否定句，表示情況不允許)6.Icannotthankyouenough,ithasbeenawonderfulday.再.....也不為過(也可以用cannever/hardly.....toomuch)7.—IsJackondutytoday?—Itcan'tbehim.It’shisturntomorrow.

不可能(can可用于否定句/疑問句中表猜測(cè)，此句表對(duì)現(xiàn)在的猜測(cè))8.—Canhehavebeenchosenascaptainofthefootballteam?—Yes,hemusthave.可能（can可用于否定句/疑問句中表猜測(cè)，canhavedone表示對(duì)過去的猜測(cè)猜測(cè)）9.ThisoldladywasstrugglingoutofthetrainandIsaid,'Oh,canIhelpyou'

能(通常用于疑問句，表示建議或提議幫忙)10.Canyoujustliftthetableforasecond?

(用于疑問句時(shí),can表示禮貌的請(qǐng)求，而can't表示強(qiáng)烈請(qǐng)求）(二)could1.Formyreturnjourney,IfeltIcouldaffordtheextraandtravelfirstclass能;會(huì)(表示發(fā)生在過去的能力)2.–Ifeelboredwithnothinginterestingtodo.--YoucouldwatchTV.TherewillbeaverygoodHollywoodfilmonthisevening.可以(表示提議或建議)3.–CouldIhavealook

--Ofcourseyoucan.

表許可（委婉的語氣用could，回答時(shí)用can）4.Animprovementinlivingstandardscouldbeyearsaway.可能(表示某事可能屬實(shí)或可能發(fā)生，對(duì)將來或者現(xiàn)在發(fā)生事情的肯定猜測(cè))5.WhentheshipsailedoutfromThailand,the16sailorsonboardcouldn'thavethought_thatonlyhalfof可能(couldhavedone，只用于否定句和疑問句中，表示對(duì)過去發(fā)生事情的猜測(cè))themwouldreturnagain.高.考.資.源.網(wǎng)6.Hedidnotregretsayingwhathedidbutfeltthathecouldhaveexpressed

itdifferently.(couldhavedone用于肯定句中，表虛擬語氣，表示過去本有可能發(fā)生的事情但卻并未發(fā)生，不能使用can’thavedone的形式)（三）beableto1.EvenifstandardizedtestsliketheSATcouldshowastudent’sacademicproficiency（學(xué)業(yè)水平）,theywillneverbeabletotestthingslikeconfidence,effortsandwillpower,andareunabletogiveusthefullpictureofastudent’spotentialities（潛力）【解析】beableto解釋為“能夠”，有各種時(shí)態(tài)的形式。注：can和beableto都可以表示能力.can泛指一般的能力,而且只有兩種形式,即:can,could．beableto則主要指具體做到了某件事的能力，其形式主要是靠be發(fā)生變化，所以形式比can多．可以說：Icanswim.Iamabletoswim.但是不能說：Allthepeoplecouldescapefromthebigfireintime.只能說：Allthepeoplewereabletoescapefromthefireintime.(四)may1.Everyoneofusmayplantatreeintheschool,ororganizeathoroughcleaningonthecampus.可以(表許可)2.（1）Somepeoplewhodon’tliketotalkmucharenotnecessarilyshy；theymayjustbequietpeople.有可能，也許(may表猜測(cè)，用于肯定或否定句中，此例表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在某種情況的猜測(cè)）（2）Youmightjustaswelltellthemanufacturerthatmalecustomers maynotlikethedesignofthefurniture.也許，可能(may表猜測(cè)，用于肯定或否定句中，maynot為“可能不”的意思)（3）Ican’tfindmypurseanywhere.—You mayhavelostitwhileshopping.(may表猜測(cè)，mayhavedone表示對(duì)過去或者現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作的肯定猜測(cè))3.MayGodblessyou!祝;但愿(五)might1.IwaswonderingifImightaskyouafavor

可不可以，能否(用于禮貌地打斷別人.提出問題.做出請(qǐng)求或引出接下來要說的話)2.—Excuseme.IsthistherightwaytotheSummerPalace可能(表不是很有把握的猜測(cè)，語氣比may弱)3.—Whereismydictionary

IrememberIputithereyesterday.—Youmighthaveputitinthewrongplace.(might表猜測(cè)，mighthavedone則表示對(duì)過去或者現(xiàn)已完成的動(dòng)作的肯定猜測(cè)=mayhavedone)4.Itoldyourfriendhowtogettothehotel，butperhapsImighthavedrivenherthere.（此處，mighthavedone表虛擬語氣，意為“過去原本可能/可以做到的事而未做”）5.Thisholidayisn’tmuchfun;wemight\mayaswellbebackhome.只好(做);(做…)也無妨(六)will1.Thelowtestscore,theythink,willmakeitimpossibleforthemtogetintoagoodcollege.將（表示將來）2.Youwillcarryouttheseinstructionsandreportbackintothisafternoon.(表示將來的正式安排)3.Hewillbecomehersenioradviser---herdeputy,ifyouwill.愿意4.-----Anyone,answerthephone------Iwill.臨時(shí)的決定5.Marywillsitforhoursreading.Thewindowwillnotopen,howeverhardhetries.表現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)的動(dòng)作或者趨向6.Manwilldiewithoutair.表必然性(七)would1.Johnpromisedhisdoctorhewouldnotsmoke，andhehasneversmokedeversince.（will的過去式，用于轉(zhuǎn)述）將2.Hurryup!Itwouldbeashametomissthebeginningoftheplay.She’dbeafooltoacceptit.將，將會(huì)(表示判斷或看法)3.Shewouldn’tchangeiteventhoughsheknewitwaswrong.不愿(表示意愿)4.Whenhehadaproblemtosolve，hewouldworkatituntilhefoundananswer.常常（表示過去的習(xí)慣）Shewouldbealwaysthefirsttooffertohelp.Thecarwouldn’tstartthismorning.老是，總是（表趨向）(八)shall1.We/Ishallcallyoubackthisafternoon.(表將來用于No.1人稱)2.---HasMr.TomWhitearrived?---Yes,already.Shallhewaitoutsideorjustcomein

(shall用在疑問句中，且主語為No.1/No.3人稱，表示征求對(duì)方意見)3.（1）—Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?

—“Nopersonshallsmokeorcarryalightedcigarette，cigarorpipeinthisarea.”（2）“Theinterestshallbedividedintofiveparts，accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides，”declaredthejudge.（3）Youshallgettheanswertomorrow.（4）Theyshallnotbeallowedinafter11p.m.(shall用在陳述句中，且主語為No.2/No.3人稱時(shí)，表示允諾、命令、警告、決心或規(guī)定)(九)should/oughtto1.—IthinkI’llgiveBobaring.—Youshould.Youhaven’tbeenintouchwithhimforages.應(yīng)該;應(yīng)當(dāng)2.(1)—MargaretshouldnotstayathomealldaylonginfrontoftheTV.應(yīng)該，必須(表示給出指示或公布官方命令)(2)—That'sright．Sheoughttogotothefitnesscenterwithus.應(yīng)該，必須3.Thereshouldnotbeanydifficultyaboutpassingtheroadtestsinceyouhavepractisedalot.應(yīng)該，可能(表示預(yù)期或可能性)4.Ifyoushouldbefired,yourhealthandpensionbenefitswillnotbeautomaticallycutoff將要，假定要(用在虛擬條件從句中表示事件發(fā)生的可能性)5.Iinsistedthatweshouldhavealookateverycar應(yīng)該(用在某些動(dòng)詞、名詞之后that引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣從句中)6.It’ssurprising/strangethatheshouldbeathief.竟然（用在某些adj./n.之后that引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣中）7.—I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.—Youshouldhavetoldherlastweek.(shouldhavedone=oughttohavedone，表示本應(yīng)該做的事而未做)8.Yououghtn’ttohavebeenlateforyesterday’Sclassmeeting，asitwassoimportant．(oughtnottohavedone=shouldnothavedone，表示過去本不該做的事卻做了)注：oughtto與should的用法區(qū)別如下1.一般說來，兩者可替換，只是oughtto語氣稍重。如：Yououghtto/shouldgoandseeMary.你應(yīng)該去看看瑪麗。2.表示出于法令規(guī)則、行為準(zhǔn)則、道德責(zé)任等客觀情況而“應(yīng)該”做某事時(shí)，一般應(yīng)用oughtto，若用should則強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人意見、主觀看法。如：WeoughttogoandseeMarytomorrow,butIdon’tthinkwewill.明天我們按理應(yīng)該去看看瑪麗，但是我認(rèn)為我們?nèi)ゲ涣恕?此句不宜用should)。3.在公告、須知或條例中，出于禮貌，常用should.如：Youshouldnotrunalongsidetheswimming-pool.不準(zhǔn)在游泳池邊奔跑(十)must/haveto1.—It’stheoffice!Soyoumustknoweatingisnotallowedhere.—Oh,sorry.必須，應(yīng)當(dāng)(通常因?yàn)橐?guī)定或法律)2.Incrowdedplaceslikeairportsandrailwaystations，youmusttakecareofyourluggage.務(wù)必，一定要(用于表示建議或邀請(qǐng))John，lookatthetime.Mustyouplaythepianoatsuchalatehour?偏偏，非要(用于問句中表示生氣)4.Tom，youmustn'tleaveallyourclothesonthefloorlikethis!一定不要—Hi,Tom.Any

idea

where

Jane

is—She_mustbe_in

the

classroom.I

saw

her

there

just

now.很可能是，想必是，肯定是(must表猜測(cè)，只用于肯定句中，此句是對(duì)現(xiàn)在的猜測(cè))—GuesswhatIhavegotAformytermpaper.—Great!Youmusthavereadwidelyandputalotofworkintoit.(musthavedone表示據(jù)已知情況對(duì)過去情況進(jìn)行肯定的推測(cè)，只用于肯定句中)Someaspectsofapilot’sjobcanbeboring，andpilotsoftenhavetoworkatinconvenienthours.必須，不得不—Whatdoyouthinkwecandoforouragedparents?—Youdon’thavetodoanythingexcepttobewiththemandbeyourself.不必【解析】haveto和must1)兩詞都是'必須'的意思，haveto表示客觀的需要，must表示說話人主觀上的看法，既主觀上的必要。Mybrotherwasveryill,soIhadtocallthedoctorinthemiddleofthenight.我弟弟病得很厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來。(客觀上需要做這件事)Hesaidthattheymustworkhard.他說他們必須努力工作。（主觀上要做這件事）2)haveto有人稱.數(shù).時(shí)態(tài)的變化，而must只有一種形式。但must可用于間接引語中表示過去的必要或義務(wù)。Hehadtolookafterhissisteryesterday.3）在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中：don'thaveto表示"不必"mustn't表示"禁止"，Youdon'thavetotellhimaboutit.你不一定要把此事告訴他。Youmustn'ttellhimaboutit.你一定不要把這件事告訴他。(十一)need/dare1.—WhatsortofhousedoyouwanttohaveSomethingbig—Well，itneednotbebig—that’snotimportant.必要(need作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞只用于否定句和疑問句中)2.—Catherine，Ihavecleanedtheroomforyou.—Thanks.Youneedn’thavedoneit.Icouldmanageitmyself.(needn’thavedone表示過去本不必做的事卻做了)3.IdaresayyouareBritishbutyoustillneedapassporttoproveit.可能，大概;想必，我想【固定搭配】4.Thegovermentdarenotraiseinterestratesagain.敢(dare作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞只用于否定句和疑問句中)5.Howdareyoutalktomelikethat?竟敢(dare作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞只用于否定句和疑問句中)【解析】1.need/dare作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無人稱或數(shù)的變化，后接動(dòng)詞原形，多用于否定句和疑問句中，但I(xiàn)daresay例外。2.need作為行為動(dòng)詞有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后面可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞及帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式；可用于肯定句、疑問句和否定句中。如：（1）Sheneedshelp.她需要幫助。（2）---DoIneedtogoatonce

我需要馬上走嗎

區(qū)別NeedIgoatonce?---Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t.（3）ItwasSundayandshedidn’tneedtogotowork.Soshestayedathome.(后加to，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)Sheneedn’thavegonetoworkthatday.Shecouldhavestayedathome.（后加原形，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）3.dare用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，其后可帶動(dòng)詞不定式，否定句中也可帶省to不定式，且有人稱和數(shù)以及時(shí)態(tài)的變化。例如：(1)Idaretojumpdownfromthetopofthewall.我敢從那墻頭上跳下來。(2)Shedoesn't/didn’tdare(to)meetherteacher'seyes.她不敢與老師對(duì)視。三、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞重點(diǎn)用法小結(jié)表示猜測(cè)（可能性）詞形肯定式否定式疑問式must必然.必定//should按說應(yīng)該//oughtto按說應(yīng)該//can/不可能有可能嗎？could微弱的可能不可能語氣比can弱may或許，也許，可能不/might比may還弱比maynot還弱/【注】對(duì)現(xiàn)在或者將來可能發(fā)生事情的猜測(cè)的結(jié)構(gòu)為：must/should/oughtto/can’t/could/may/might+V(原形)對(duì)過去可能發(fā)生事情的猜測(cè)的結(jié)構(gòu)為：must/can’t/couldn’t/may/might+haveV-ed例如：Hemay/might/must/shouldbeonhiswayhomenow.(現(xiàn)在)Ididn’thearthephone.Imusthavebeenasleep.（過去）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成式用法例句musthavedone(過去)想必/準(zhǔn)是/一定做了否定為：can’t/couldn’thavedoneItmusthaverainedlastnight,fortheroadisquitemuddy.can/couldnothavedone用于疑問句/否定句，表猜測(cè)，(過去)可能做了某事Canhehavegonetohisaunt’s?

Hecannothaveforgottenit.couldhavedone表虛擬，用于肯定句，“過去本可以做而未做”Tomcouldhavedonebetterintheexam.may/might（not）havedone1.也許，或許（肯定句）2.可能不（否定句）3.表虛擬語氣，“(過去)本可以做到而沒做到”It’stoolate.Ithinkhemayhavegonetobed.Hemaynothavefinishedthework.Youdidn'tdotheworkwellthatday.Youmighthavedoneitbetter.should/oughttohavedone(過去)本該做某事，而實(shí)際上未做Yououghttohavedonethisexercisemorecarefully.shouldnot/oughtnottohavedone(過去)本不該做某事，而實(shí)際上做了Youshouldn’thavetoldherthetruth.needn’thavedone(過去)本不必做某事而做了Youneedn’thavetakenataxithere,foritwasveryneartomyhouse.hadbetter（not）havedone(過去)最好（沒）做了Youhadbetternothavescoldedme.wouldrather（not）havedone寧愿(過去)（沒）做了Iraisedobjectionsatthemeeting,butnowIwouldrathernothavedonethat.wouldlike/love（not）tohavedone(過去)本（不）打算做但未做成Iwouldlovetohavegonetothepartylastnight,butIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞解題技巧關(guān)鍵詞：一情，二境，三時(shí)(1)認(rèn)真審題，結(jié)合所給出的語境，正確把握說話者的語氣.情感.態(tài)度.觀點(diǎn)等。

(2)認(rèn)真思考所給選項(xiàng)中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本特征和用法，并結(jié)合語境推敲答案。

(3)要注意把握時(shí)間概念。

例如：

Thankyouforallyourhardworklastweek.Idon’tthinkwe______itwithoutyou.過去“（要）沒你”

A.canmanageB.couldhavemanagedC.couldmanageD.canhavemanaged

根據(jù)題干中所給出的時(shí)間lastweek可知我們已經(jīng)做完了工作，已經(jīng)完成，故排除A.C兩項(xiàng)，再結(jié)合could(not)havedone表示猜測(cè)可知說話者想表達(dá)的意思是：要沒你，我們不可能完成這項(xiàng)工作。故答案為B項(xiàng)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞經(jīng)典考題1..I___useaclocktowakemeupbecauseatsixo'clockeachmorningthetraincomesbymyhouse.A.couldn'tB.mustn't C.shouldn'tD.needn't2..I’mgoingtoEuropeonvacationtogetherwithJohnifI___findthemoney.A.can B.might C.would D.need3..We______thedifficultytogether,butwhydidn’tyoutellme?A.shouldface B.mightfaceC.couldhavefacedD.musthavefaced4..Thenewlawstatesthatpeople______driveafterdrinkingalcohol.A.wouldn'tB.needn'tC.won'tD.mustn't5..It’squitewarmhere;we__________turntheheatingonyet.A.couldn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.wouldn’t6..Dayslater,mybrothercalledtosayhewasallright,but________saywherehe