住在富人區的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-中國傳媒大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據實際調整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

They（）thehallwithpictures.

問題1選項

A.adorned

B.ornamented

C.supplied

D.trimmed

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。adorn“裝飾”，一般指為了“美觀”而裝飾；ornament“裝飾，修飾”，多指比較“浮夸”的裝飾品，通常在描述很大的豪宅時用ornament比較多；supply“提供，供應”；trim“修剪，切除”。句中指的是用畫來裝飾大廳，所以選項A更恰當。

2.單選題

Thenewcolleague（）tohaveworkedinseveralbigcorporation’sbeforehejoinedourcompany.

問題1選項

A.confesses

B.declares

C.claims

D.confirms

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項confess表示“坦白；承認；供認”，B選項declare表示“宣布，申明，宣稱”，D選項confirm表示“確認，確定，核實”，C選項claim表示“宣稱，要求，索賠”。由句意可知，新同事宣稱，他進入我們公司之前，在一些大公司里工作過。空缺處單詞需與介詞to構成搭配，因此本題正確答案為C選項。

3.單選題

Thispaintingperfectly（）theimpressionisticstyle,whichwassopopularatthetime.

問題1選項

A.examines

B.exemplifies

C.extracts

D.exempts

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。“examine檢查，調查”；exemplify“例證，例示”；extract“提取，摘錄”；exempt“免除，豁免”。句意：這幅畫完美地例證了在那個時期非常流行的印象派風格。選項B更符合語境。

4.單選題

Thoughitisinmid-May,（）tosomepartsofAppalachianTrailisstillverydifficultastheyarecoveredbythicksnow.

問題1選項

A.orientation

B.access

C.assess

D.voyage

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項orientation表示“n.方向；定位；情況介紹，培訓”，B選項access表示“n.入口，機會；接近”，C選項assess表示“v.評定；估價”，D選項voyage表示“n.航行；航程”。由句意前后邏輯關系可知，盡管是五月中旬，但是阿巴拉契亞山徑的某些區域因厚雪覆蓋仍然難以進入。空缺處需與介詞to構成搭配，因此，本題正確答案為B選項。固定搭配accessto表示“通向……的入口/通道”。

5.翻譯題

AMessontheLadderofSuccess1.ThroughoutAmericanhistory,therehasalmostalwaysbeenatleastonecentraleconomicnarrativethatgavetheambitiousorunsatisfiedreasontopackupandseektheirfortuneelsewhere.Forthefirst300orsoyearsofEuropeansettlement,thestorywasaboutmovingoutwards:gettingimmigrantstothecontinentandthentothefrontiertocleartheprairies,drainthewetlandsandbuildnewcities.

Bytheendofthe19thcentury,asthefrontiervanished,theUShadamildpanicattack.2.whatwouldthisenergetic,enterprisingcountrybewithoutnewlandstoconquer?Somepeople,suchasTeddyRoosevelt,decidedtokeeponconquering(Cuba,thePhilippines,etc.),buteventually,inindustrialization,theUSfoundanewnarrativeofeconomicmobilityathome.Fromthe1890stothe1960s,peoplemovedfromfarmtocity,firstintheNorthandthenintheSouth.Infact,bythe1950s,therewasenoughprosperityandwhite-collarworkthatmanybegantomovetothesuburbs.Asthepopulationaged,therewasalsoashiftfromthecoldRustBelttothecomfortsoftheSunBelt.Wethinkofthisasanoldperson’smigration,butitcreatedmanyjobsfortheyounginconstructionandhealthcare,nottomentiontourism,retailandrestaurants.

Forthelast20yearsfromtheendofthecoldwarthroughtwoburstbubblesinasingledecade,theUShasbeencastingaboutforitsnexteconomicnarrative.Andnowitisexperiencinganotherperiodofpanic,whichisbadnewsformuchoftheworkforcebutparticularlyforitsyoungestmembers.

TheUShasalwaysbeenaremarkablemobilecountry,butnewdatafromtheCensusBureauindicatethatmobilityhasreacheditslowestlevelinrecordedhistory.Sure,somepeoplearestuckinhomesvaluedatlessthantheirmortgages,butmanyyoungpeoplewhodon’townhomesanddon'tyethavefamilies—arestayingput,too.Thissuggests,amongotherthings,thatpeoplearen’tpackingupforneweconomicopportunitiesthewaytheyusedto.Ratherthandividingthecountryintothe1percentersversuseveryoneelse,thesplitinoureconomyisreallybetweentwootherclasses:themobileandimmobile.

Partoftheproblemisthatcountry’slargestindustriesareindecline.Inthepast,itwasperfectlyclearwhereyoungpeopleshouldgoforwork(Chicagointhe1870s,Detroitinthe1910s,Houstoninthe1970s)and,moreorless,whatthey’dbedoingwhentheygotthere(killingcattle,buildingcars,sellingoil).3.Andtheseindustrieswerelargeenoughtoofferjobstoeachclassofworker,fromunskilledlaborertomanagerorengineer.Today,thefewbrightspotsinoureconomyarerelativelysmall(thoughsomepromisefuturegrowth)anddecentralized.TherearegreatjobsinSiliconValley,inthebiotechresearchcapitalsofBostonandRaleigh-Durhamandinadvancedmanufacturingplantsalongthesouthern1-85corridor.Thesecompaniesrecruitalloverthecountryandtheglobeforworkerswithspecificabilities.4.Youdon’tneedtobethenextMarkZuckerberg,founderofFacebook,togetajobinoneofthemicrohubs,bytheway.ButyouwillalmostcertainlyneedatleastaB.A.incomputerscienceorayearortwoatatechnicalschool.Thisnewer,selectjobmarketisnational,anditoffersmembersofthemobileclasscompetitivesalariesandhigherbargainingpower.

Manymembersoftheimmobileclass,ontheotherhand,liveintheAmericaofthegloomyheadlines.Ifyouhavenospecializedskills,there'slittlereasontouproottoanotherstateandbethelastinlineforalow-payingjobatanewautoplantoragreen-energystartup.Thesurpriseinthecensusdata,however,isthattheimmobileworkforceisnotlimitedtounskilledworkers.Infact,manyhaveacollegedegree.

Untilnow,aB.A.inanysubjectwasanear-guaranteeofatleastmiddle-classwages.Buttoday,aquarterofcollegegraduatesmakelessthanthetypicalworkswithoutabachelor’sdegree.DavidAutor,aprominentlaboreconomistatM.I.T.,recentlytoldmethatacollegedegreealoneisnolongeraguarantorofagoodjob.5.Whilegraduatesfromtopuniversitiesarestilllikelytogetagoodjobnomatterwhattheirmajoris,hesaid,graduatesfromless-famousschoolsaregoingtobejudgedonwhattheyknow.Tocompeteforjobsonanationallevel,theyshouldbearmedwiththeskillsthatemergingindustriesneed,whethertechnicalornot.

【答案】1.縱觀美國歷史，幾乎總是至少會有一個經濟中心的故事，讓雄心勃勃或不滿足的人有理由收拾行囊，到別處去尋找機遇。在歐洲人定居的前300年左右，這種故事是關于人口向外遷移的：讓移民先到大陸，然后再到邊疆開辟草原，排干濕地，并建造新的城市。

2.如果沒有新的土地可以征服，這個精力充沛、富有進取精神的國家將會怎樣？有些人，比如泰迪?羅斯福，決定繼續征服(古巴、菲律賓等地)，但最終，在工業化的進程中，美國在國內發現了一個新的關于經濟流動的故事。

3.而且這些行業的規模足夠大，可以為各個階層的工人提供工作，從非技術工人到經理或工程師。但是今天，我們經濟中為數不多的亮點相對較小(盡管一些亮點未來可能會增長)，而且是分散管理的。

4.順便說一下，你不需要成為下一個Facebook的創始人馬克?扎克伯格(MarkZuckerberg)，也能在微軟中心找到一份工作。但幾乎可以肯定的是，你至少需要計算機科學學士學位或在技術學校待過一兩年。這個新興的擇業市場是全國性的，它為流動階層的成員提供了有競爭力的薪資和更高的議價權力。

5.他稱，盡管那些頂尖大學的畢業生不論他們學的專業是什么，都有可能找到一份好工作，但那些不知名學校的畢業生將會根據他們所學的知識來接受評判。為了在全國范圍內競爭工作崗位，他們應該具備新興產業所需要的技能，無論是技術性的還是非技術性的。

6.單選題

Asacommander,youshouldnot（）thesoldierstounnecessarydanger.

問題1選項

A.express

B.explode

C.exploit

D.expose

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項express“表達，快遞”。B選項explode“爆炸，爆發”。C選項exploit“開發，開拓”。D選項expose“揭露，暴露”。句意：作為一名指揮官，你不應該讓士兵們去冒不必要的危險。本句表示“士兵暴露在危險中”，即讓士兵去冒險。因此D選項符合題意。

7.單選題

Howcanwefinishtheworkinthe（）ofanyotherhelpers?

問題1選項

A.shortage

B.haste

C.deficiency

D.absence

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項shortage“缺乏，不足”。B選項haste“匆忙，急忙”。C選項deficiency“缺陷，缺點”。D選項absence“缺席，缺少，沒有”。句意：如果沒有其他幫手，我們怎么能完成這項工作呢?本句表示“缺乏幫手的話，難以完成這項工作”。因此D選項符合題意。

8.單選題

Theresearchshowedthatthefrequencyofamother’sabsencereflecteda（）deficiencyofthechild'slevelinmathandreading.

問題1選項

A.corresponding

B.relating

C.correlating

D.responding

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項corresponding“相當的；一致的；對應的；通信的”；B選項relating是relate的現在分詞形式，表示“涉及，關聯”；C選項correlating是correlate的現在分詞；D選項responding“響應的”。本句說明母親的缺席頻率與孩子數學和閱讀方面缺陷的對應性，因此A選項符合句意。句意：研究表明，母親缺席的頻率反映了孩子在數學和閱讀方面相應的缺陷。

9.單選題

Theteam’sefforttoscorewas（）bytheopposinggoalkeeper.

問題1選項

A.frustrated

B.prevented

C.discouraged

D.accomplished

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項frustrate表示“挫敗；阻撓；使感到灰心”，B選項prevent表示“預防；防止；阻止”，C選項discourage表示“阻止；使氣餒；使沮喪”，D選項accomplish表示“完成；實現；達到（目的）”。由句意可知，該隊想要進球的努力被對方的守門員挫敗了。frustrate與effort搭配，表示“挫敗……的努力”。因此，本題正確答案為A選項。

10.單選題

WhenyoustudyintheUnitedStates,usuallyyouhavetobuyyourownhealth（）.

問題1選項

A.insurance

B.expense

C.evidence

D.assurance

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項insurance“保險，保險費”。B選項expense“損失，代價”。C選項evidence“證據，證明”。D選項assurance“保證，擔保”。句意：當你在美國學習時，通常你必須自己購買健康保險。因此A選項符合題意。

11.單選題

Wewatchedtheshipuntilitbecameonlya（）inthedistance.

問題1選項

A.point

B.jar

C.dot

D.stove

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項point“要點；得分”；B選項jar“罐；廣口瓶”；C選項dot“點，圓點；嫁妝”；D選項stove“火爐；窯”。句意：我們一直看著輪船，直到它變成遠處的一個圓點。根據前半句句意“我們一直看著輪船”以及until可知，C符合題意。

12.單選題

Journalistsusuallyrefertowhattheywriteasstories.Notarticlesorreports,occasionallypieces,butstories.Thisdoesnotapplyonlytoreportersbuttoeverybodyintheeditorialchain,fromdeskeditors,copyeditors,specialistandsportswriterstotheeditorhimorherself.Wordspublishedinnewspapers,onairoronlinearestories.

Storiessoundinteresting;reportssounddull.Tosome,storiesmeanfiction:"Tellmeastory,mummy”.Storiesaretallandshort,madeupandtrue.Truestoriesareaboutwhathappened.Wetellstoriesinconversation,recountingexperiencesandeventsinwhichwetookpartorobserve.Thecrucialthingaboutastoryisthatotherpeoplewanttohearit,becauseitisinterestingorentertaining.Otherwisethestorytellerisabore.

Sojournalistswritestoriesfortheirreaderstotellthemwhatisgoingon,toinformthem,engagethem,entertainthem,shockthem,amusethem,disturbthem,upliftthem.Thesubjectmatterwillvaryaccordingtothenatureofthepublicationandtheintendedaudience.Thegoodnewspapereditorwillhaveaclearideaofthesortofpeoplewhoarereadingit,andcatertotheirinterestsandpreoccupations,sometimestheirprejudices.Andthepaperwillincludethatvitalingredientserendipity-thestoryyoudidn’texpect,the"justfancythat",theabsurditiesaswellasthetravailsofthehumancondition.

Journalismisbasicallyasimplegame.Itisaboutfindingthingsoutandtellingotherpeopleaboutthem.Thefindingoutrequiresavarietyofskillsbecausethoseinpoweroftenpreferthatweknowonlysomuch.Journalismisaboutholdingsuchpeopletoaccount,exposingtheirhumbugandhypocrisy,theabuseoftheirpower.Thisincludesthecontrolitgivesthemovertheflowofinformation,theabilitytoburythebadnews,tospinandobfuscate.Goodjournalistsmustasktheawkwardquestionsandquestiontheanswers,mustdigtounearthandthenexplain,makingcomprehensiblethatwhichauthority,byintentorverbalinadequacy,hasleftconfused,incompleteorplainmendacious.Incomprehensiblejournalismisquitesimplybadjournalism,andthereforepointless.

Ultimatelythereisonlyonepurpose:tomakethereaderreadthestory.Iftheydon't,whatwasthepointoffindingitoutandtellingit?Thisbookletpicksupthestorywhenthereaderhasreachedthestageofdecidingtoaddressthestory.Thatisnotthesameasreadingit,orevenreadingacertainamountofit.Theyhavejustreachedthefirstword,perhapsattractedbythepicture,theextractedquote,oranyoftheotherpresentationaldevicesusedtodragthereadertothestory.Wehavereachedthestagewherethereaderisgoingtosubjectthestorytothefinaltest,readingsomeorallofin.Thisisaboutwriting.

Newspaperreadingisdifferentfromreadingabook.Itisselective,doesnotinvolvecommitmenttothewhole.Relativelylittletimeisspentreadingadailynewspaper.Thenewspaperreader,unlikethereaderofthemoreliterarynovel,doesnotexpecttoinvesteffortintheendeavour.Heorshewillnotreadasentenceorparagraphasecondtimetobeclearaboutwhatisbeingsaid.Confusion,moreoftenthannot,willmeanabandoningthestoryaltogetherandmovingon.Manynewspaperreadersskim,sampleorgetaflavourofastoryratherthanreadingitthrough.

Sojournalisticwritingisdifferentfromcreativewriting.Manyyoungpeoplethinktheywouldliketobejournalistsbecausetheyhave"alwayslovedwriting”orstartedwritingpoemswhentheywereeight.Itiscertainlynotenoughandmaywellbeabarriertosuccessinjournalism.ThelateNicholasTomalinfamouslywrotethat"theonlyqualitiesessentialforrealsuccessinjournalismarerat-likecunning,aplausiblemanner,andalittleliteraryability."Heincludedwriting,butheplaceditthirdandprefaceditwithadiminutive.Thewritingmatters;butdon'tthinkofitasart.Thinkofitasworkingwriting,writingdoingajob,writingthatputsacrossinformationinawaythatmakesreaderswanttoabsorbit.

Atatimewhenthevastmajorityofentrantstojournalismhavedegrees—welcomebecausejournalisminacomplexworldisanintellectualpursuititisworthpointingoutthatwritingfornewspapersisalsoverydifferentfromtheacademicwritingofstudentessays.Notimetoproducearoutemapfortheessayandreachthepointsomewhereneartheend;thejournalistmustgrabtheattentionatonce.

Itisdifficulttowritesimplyandengagingly,sothatreaderswillkeepreading;toexplainsothatallthereadersunderstand,andwantto.Thisisthetaskthewritingjournalisthas.

1.Whichofthefollowingismostlyusedbyjournaliststodescribethepiecestheywrite?

2.Whatshouldagoodnewspapereditordoaccordingtothetext?

3.ThequoteofNicholasTomalinisusedtoexpressthat（）

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTadifferencebetweennewspaperreadingandbookreading?

5.Whatisthefinalpurposeforjournalisticwritingaccordingtothetext?

問題1選項

A.Reports.

B.Stories.

C.Articles.

D.Pieces.

問題2選項

A.Findthingsoutandtellreadersaboutthem.

B.Grabtheattentionatonce.

C.Catertoreaders’interestsandpreoccupations.

D.Controltheflowofinformation.

問題3選項

A.Journalisticwritingisdifferentfromwritingasanart.

B.Itisdifficulttowritesimplyandengaginglyforreaderstokeepreading.

C.Newspaperreadingisdifferentfromreadingabook.

D.Journalismisbasicallyasimplegame.

問題4選項

A.Contentsareselectedinnewspapers.

B.Lesstimeisspentreadinganewspaper.

C.Newspaperreadersareexpectedtoinvesteffortintheendeavour.

D.Newspaperreadersgetaflavourofastoryratherthanreadingitthrough.

問題5選項

A.Makingreadersspendmoretimereadinganewspaper.

B.Connectingreaderswithgovernments.

C.Makingreadersreadthestory.

D.Explaininginawaysothatallthereadersunderstand.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.事實細節題。第一段指出“Notarticlesorreports,occasionallypieces,butstories”，不是文章或報告，偶爾的作品是故事。由此可知B項“故事”正確。

第2題:2.事實細節題。根據題干關鍵詞定位至第三段“Thegoodnewspapereditorwillhaveaclearideaofthesortofpeoplewhoarereadingit,andcatertotheirinterestsandpreoccupations,sometimestheirprejudices”，一位好的報紙編輯要有明確的概念，即：什么樣的人會讀報紙，要迎合讀者的興趣，抓住讀者的注意力，有時可能要關注他們的偏見。因此C項“迎合讀者的興趣，抓住讀者的注意力”正確。

第3題:3.判斷推理題。對NicholasTomalin所述的引用在第七段，第七段的主題句是“Sojournalisticwritingisdifferentfromcreativewriting”，所以新聞寫作不同于創意寫作。此后的每句都是在論證這一主題句，因此A項“新聞寫作不同于創意寫作”正確。

第4題:4.事實細節題。A:報紙上的內容是選擇性的。第六段指出“Itisselective”，它是選擇性的，因此A項正確。B：讀報所花的時間更少。根據“Relativelylittletimeisspentreadingadailynewspaper”可知B項正確。C：報紙讀者應該在這方面努力。根據“Thenewspaperreader,doesnotexpecttoinvesteffortintheendeavour”，看報的人并不需要投入太多的精力，因此C項與原文不符。D：報紙讀者偏愛故事，而不喜歡從頭到尾讀。根據“Manynewspaperreadersskim,sampleorgetaflavourofastoryratherthanreadingitthrough”，許多讀報者只是略讀，僅僅粗略看看故事而不是精讀，因此D項正確。

第5題:5.判斷推理題。文章講述了新聞寫作的特點與要求。因為看報者通常會花較少的時間瀏覽報紙各版面，所以新聞作品要迎合讀者口味，吸引他們的注意力。故本題選A項“讓讀者花費更多的時間去閱讀報紙”。

13.單選題

Thecomputercanbeprogrammedto（）awholevarietyoftasks.

問題1選項

A.assign

B.tackle

C.realize

D.solve

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項assign表示“分配；指派”，B選項tackle表示“應付，著手處理”，C選項realize表示“意識到”，D選項solve表示“解決（問題、難題等）”。由句意可知，計算機可以編程，解決各種各樣的任務。因此，只有B選項可以搭配賓語task，故本題正確答案為B選項。

14.單選題

Theengineersinthislabspentseveralweeks（）theirplansforthenewbicycle.

問題1選項

A.counting

B.stripping

C.elaborating

D.casting

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項count“計數，計算”。B選項strip“剝奪，剝去”。C選項elaborate“精心制作，詳細闡述”。D選項cast“投，拋”。句意：這個實驗室的工程師們花了幾個星期的時間來詳細制定他們的新自行車計劃。根據句意可知，C項正確。

15.單選題

CordiaHarringtonwastiredofstandingupalldayandsmellinglikeFrenchfriesatnight.SheownedandoperatedthreeMcDonald’sshopsinIllinois,butasadivorcedmotherofthreeboys,sheyearnedforabusinessthatwouldprovideforherchildrenandletherspendmoretimewiththem.

Herluckymomentcame,strangelyenough,aftershewasnominatedin1992tobeontheMcDonald'sbuncommittee.“Thecompanypickedmeupinacorporatejettoseebakeriesaroundtheworld.”Sherecalls.“EverytimeIwenttoameeting,Ilovedit.Thiswasglobal!”

Theexperienceopenedhereyestobusinesspossibilities.WhenMcDonald’sdecideditwantedanewbunsupplier,Harringtonbecamedeterminedtowinthecontract,eventhoughshehadnoexperiencerunningabakery.

Harringtonstudiedthebakerybusinessandmadesureshewasneveroffexecutives’radar.“Ifyouhaveadream,youcan’twaitforpeopletocallyou,”shesays.“SoI’dvisitamillandsendthemphotosofmyself,inabaker’shatandjacket,holdingasignthatsays“Iwanttobeyourbaker.”Afterfouryearsand32interviews,herpersistencepaidoff.

Harringtonsealedthedealwithahandshake,soldhershopsandborrowed$13.5million.Shewasreadytobuildthefaster,mostautomatedbakeryintheworld.

TheTennesseeBunCompanyopenedaheadofschedulein1997intimeforaslumpinUSfast-foodsalesforMcDonald’s.BeforeHarringtonknewit,shewasdowntoherlast$20,000,notenoughtocoverpayroll.AndheragreementwithMcDonald’srequiredthatshesellexclusivelytothecompany.“Icriedmyselftosleepmanynights,”sherecalls.“IreallydidthinkIamgoingtogobankrupt”.

ButHarringtonworkedoutanagreementtosupplyPepperideFarmaswell.“McDonald’scouldseebenefitifourproductionwentupandpriceswentdownandnobenefitifwewentoutofbusiness,”shesays.“Thatdealsavedus.”

Overthenexteightyears,Haringtonbranchedoutevenmore:Shestartedherowntruckingbusiness,addedacold-storagecompany,andnowhasthreebakeriesproducingfreshbunsandfrozendough—allnowknownastheBuncompanies.Speedisstillapriority:Ittakes11peopleatthemainbakerytomakeout60,000bunsanhourforclientsacross40states,SouthAmerica,andtheCaribbean.

Gratefulforthebreaksshe’shad,Harringtonispassionateaboutprovidingopportunitiestoall230employees.“Financialsuccessisthemostfunwhenyoucangiveitaway,”shesays.

Thecurrenteconomyischallenging.Someofherclients’saleshavedeclined,butshe’sfoundnewclientsandimprovedefficienciestohelpsustaintheeconomy’sdouble-digitgrowth.

CordiaHarringtondoesn’thavetostandonherfeetalldayanymore.Twoofherthreesonsnowworkforher.Andshe'smarriedherhusband,Tom,isnowherCFO.

"Thisismorethanajob,”saysHarrington.“It'samission.I'malwaysthinking.Howcanwebestserveouremployees?Ifwesupportthem,they’lldotheirbesttolookafterourclients.That’showitworkshere.”

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwasmostsignificantinHarrington’searlycareer?

2.“Harrington....madesureshewasneveroffexecutives‘radar’"(ParagraphFour)meansthatshe（）.

3.Howdidshesurvivethecrisisofthebakerybusiness?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTindescribinghercurrentbusiness?

5.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisfundamentaltoHarrington’ssuccess?

問題1選項

A.Hertravelandthevisitstobakeriesaroundtheworld.

B.HernominationontheMcDonald’sbuncommittee.

C.Abusinesscontractwithlocalbunsuppliers.

D.Theinterviewsandexperienceinrunningabakery.

問題2選項

A.herselfwantedtobeacompanyexecutive

B.meanttohireexecutivestorunthebusiness

C.meanttokeephermanagementknowledgeandskills

D.focusedonthemanagementofthebakerybusiness

問題3選項

A.Byopeningherbuncompanyaheadofschedule.

B.Bysupplyingbunsforanothercompany.

C.BykeepingsuppliesupforMcDonald.

D.BymakinganewagreementwithMcDonald.

問題4選項

A.Itisfastgrowing.

B.Itisdiversified.

C.Itsclientsarealllocal.

D.Itismoreefficient.

問題5選項

A.Perseveranceandconcernforemployees.

B.Businessexpansionandfamilysupport.

C.Efficiencyandloveforthefamily.

D.Opportunitiesandspeed.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.判斷推理題。根據第三段的首句“Theexperienceopenedhereyestobusinesspossibilities.這次經歷使她看到了商機”，也就是說，在哈林頓的早期職業生涯中最重要的是這次經歷。再根據上一段的內容可知，這次經歷是在她被任命為麥當勞的面包委員會委員后，公司派專機接她去看世界各地的面包房。所以選項A符合原文。本題容易錯選B，但被任命后如果沒有那些經歷，也不能對她的職業產生影響，所以重要的還是“experience”。

第2題:2.判斷推理題。根據原文句意“哈林頓學習了怎樣經營面包店，并且確保自己從來沒有離開過管理層的視線”，由此可知，她這樣做是為了保持她的管理知識和技能，所以選項C正確。選項A“她自己想成為一名公司主管”不正確，因為她是想自己經營一家公司而不是成為主管；選項B“打算雇傭管理人員來經營企業”不正確，這時候她自己還沒有開公司，所以談不上雇傭；選項D“專注于面包房業務的管理”也不正確，因為上一段提到她沒有經營面包店的經驗，所以她學習的是如何經營面包店，而不是業務管理。只有選項C符合原文。

第3題:3.細節事實題。根據第七段的最后一句話“那筆交易救了我們”，這里的交易指的是本段首句提到的“達成協議為Pepperide農場供應面包”。所以選項B“向另一家公司供應面包”正確。

第4題:4.細節事實題。根據第八段的最后一句“Ittakes11peopleatthemainbakerytomakeout60,000bunsanhourforclientsacross40states,SouthAmerica,andtheCaribbean.面包店的11個人每小時要為來自40個州、南美洲和加勒比海地區的客戶制作6萬個面包。”由此可知，她的客戶不僅僅是當地的，所以選項C不正確。

第5題:5.判斷推理題。根據最后一段的內容“‘這不僅僅是一份工作，’哈林頓說。‘這是一個任務。我總是思考。我們怎樣才能更好地為員工服務？如果我們支持他們，他們就會盡力照顧我們的客戶。這就是這里的運作方式。’”由此可知，關心員工是哈林頓成功的根本原因之一。除此之外，還有原文前面所提及的她自己付出的努力，以及自己堅持不懈的精神是她事業成功的另一個根本原因。所以選項A正確。

16.單選題

Inthereadinglesson,theteacheraskedthestudentstoreadafew（）fromHemingway’snovelAFarewelltoArms.

問題1選項

A.pieces

B.essays

C.fragments

D.extracts

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項piece表示“片，段；部件；文章；作品”，B選項essay表示“散文；隨筆；短文”，C選項fragment表示“片段，碎片，（文藝作品等）未完成的部分”，D選項extract表示“摘錄，引文”。根據后文關鍵詞fromHemingway'snovelAFarewelltoArms可知，老師要求學生讀的是海明威小說《永別了武器》中的摘錄，因此，本題正確答案為D選項。

17.單選題

Adynamiceconomyisfoundedonthe（）ofentrepreneurs,whichisrewardedbyprofit.

問題1選項

A.perspiration

B.desperation

C.respiration

D.aspiration

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。perspiration“汗水，努力”；desperation“絕望的境地，不顧一切拼命”；respiration“呼吸”；aspiration“渴望，抱負”。句意：一個充滿活力的經濟是建立在企業家的抱負之上的，而這是通過利潤來回報的。選項D更符合語境。

18.單選題

Whathesaidinthemeeting（）everybodypresent.

問題1選項

A.disgusted

B.dismissed

C.disposed

D.eliminated

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項disgust“厭惡的，厭煩的”。B選項dismiss“解雇的，解散的”。C選項dispose“有……傾向的，打算做……的”。D選項eliminate“被淘汰，消除”。句意：他在會上所說的話使在場的每個人都感到厭惡。因此A選項符合題意。

19.單選題

Herfamilytakes（）overherwork.

問題1選項

A.percentage

B.priority

C.perspect

D.preparation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項percentage“百分比；百分率”；B選項priority“優先；優先權”；C選項perspect“專輯名稱”；D選項preparation“預備；準備。句意：對她來說，家庭比工作重要。因此B項符合句意，takepriorityoversth.優先考慮，優先于某事。

20.單選題

WhenGinaGarroandBrianDupliseaadopted4-month-oldAndresfromColombialastmonth,theyweredeterminedtotaketimeofffromworktocareforhim.Sixyearsago,aftertheirdaughter,Melina,wasborn,thefamilyscrapedbyonDuplisea’s$36,000salaryasaconstructionworkersoGarro,aspecial-educationteacher,couldstayhome.Now,sinceGarro’sjobfurnishesthefamilyhealthinsurance,she’llheadbacktoworkthisfallwhileDupliseajugglesdiapersandbabybottles.Hisbossagreedtothetimeoff-buthewillhavetoforgohis$18-an-hourpay.Itwon’tbeeasy.ThoughGarro’s$40,000salarywillcovertheirmortgages,thecouplewillhavetofreezetheirretirementaccounts,scalebackonMelina’safter-schoolactivities-andpraythatnothinggoeswrongwiththecar.“Ittakesawayfromyourcushionandyoursecurity,”saysGarro.“Thingswillbetight.”

The1993FamilyandMedicalLeaveActwassupposedtohelpfamilieslikeGarro’s,offeringasafetynettoemployeeswhowanttotaketimeofftonurturenewborns,tendtotheirownmajorillnessesorcareforsickrelatives.Butwhilethelawguaranteesthatworkerswon’tlosttheirjobs,itdoesn’tcovertheirpaychecks.Onesurveylastyearshowedthatwhile24millionAmericanshadtakenleavessince1999,2.7millionmorewantedtobutcouldn'taffordit.Thatmaychangesoon.Inresponsetoincreasingdemandsfromvotersatleast25statesarenowexploringnewwaystoofferpaidleave.Onepossibility:tappingstatedisabilityfundsAhandfulofstates-NewYork,NewJersey,California,RhodeIslandandHawaii—alreadydipintodisabilitymoneytoofferpartialpayforwomenonmaternityleave.Butthatdoesn’thelpdadsorpeoplecaringforelderlyparents.NewJerseyandNewYorkmaysoonexpanddisabilityprogramstocoverleaveforfathersandothercaretakers.Thirteenstates,includingArizona,IllinoisandFlorida,haveproposedusingunemploymentfundstopayforleave.

Massachusettshasbeenespeciallycreative.Whenthestate'sactinggovernor,JaneSwift,gavebirthtotwindaughtersinMay,shedrewattentiontotheissuewithherown"workingmaternityleave":shetelecommutedpart-timebutearnedherusualfull-timesalary.EvenbeforeSwiftreturnedtoworklastweek,thestateSenateunanimouslypassedapilotplanthatwouldusesurplusfundsfromahealth-insuranceprogramfortheunemployedtogivenewparents12weeksoffathalfpay.Anotherplan,proposedintheHouse,wouldrequireemployerstokickin$20perworkertosetupa"NewFamiliesTrustFund."Businesseswouldgettaxcreditsinreturn.ThisweekSwiftisexpectedtoannounceherownpaid-leaveplanforlower-incomemothersandfathers.Pollsshowwidespreadpublicsupport—anotherreasonSwiftandotherpoliticiansacrossthecountryhaveembracedtheissue.

Stillnoteveryone'swildabouttheidea.Peoplewithoutchildrenquestionwhynewparents—thefirstgrouptogetpaidleaveundermanyoftheproposedplans—shouldgetmoregovernmentperksthantheydo.Businessgroupsareresistanttoproposalsthatwouldraidunemploymentfunds;severalhavealreadyfiledsuittoblockthem.Astheeconomyslows,manycompaniessaytheycan’taffordtocontributetoproposednewbenefitfundseither.Businesslobbyistssaytoomanyemployeesalreadyabuseexistingfederalfamily-leavelawsbytakingtimeofffordubiousreasonsorintinytimeincrements.Theproposedlaws,theysay,wouldonlymakemattersworse.

ForGarroandDuplisea,though,thenewlawscouldmakeallthedifference.AsMelinafixesapeanut-butter-and-jellysandwich,DupliseahugsasnoozingAndresagainsthisTshirt"We'retryingtodotherightthingbytwokids,andwehavetosacrifice,"Dupliseasays.InMassachusettsandplentyofotherstates,helpmaybeontheway.

1.Fromthefirstparagraph,welearnthat（）.

2.WhenGarrosays"Ittakesawayfromyourcushionandyoursecurity",shemeans（）.

3.IfGarrolivesinMassachusetts,shewill（）.

4.Theword"perk"(Line2.Para.4)mostprobablymeans（）.

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardspaidleaveseemstobethatof（）.

問題1選項

A.GarroandDupliseausedtoliveacomfortableandeasylife

B.Duplisea'sbossissoconsiderateastoallowhimtokeephisjob

C.Garrocanearnmoremoneysosheshouldgobacktowork.

D.Thecouplehavemadealotofsacrificestotake