1、高中英語必修重點單詞、短語和句型Unit 1 Cultural relics 重點單詞和短語1. in search of 查找、搜尋 in the/ones search for 查找,搜尋 search for= look for 搜尋 search . for 為了找 , 而搜查 ,2. could never have imagined 絕不行能想到“ 情態(tài)動詞 +have done”may/might have done 過去可能做過表估計 must have done 過去肯定做過表懊悔、need t have done 過去本沒有必要做（實際上做了）批評、遺 should/oug

2、ht to have done 過去本應當做（實際上未做）憾等語氣 shouldnt/oughtn t to have done 過去本不該做（實際上做了）3. select vt.選擇,選擇；選擇select sb. to do sth. 選擇某人做某事 select . as選擇 , 作為 , select . from 從 , 中選出 , 4. design n. & vt. 設計,圖案,構思；方案make designs for 為 , 設計 to do 目的是做 in design 在設計上 be designed for 專為 , 而設計的 by design=on purpose

3、 有意地 as 準備當做5. fancy adj. 奇特的,異樣的；時髦的 vt. 想象,設想；愛好,寵愛 fancy ones doing sth. 想象（某人）做某事Fancy meeting so many television actiors. 竟然能見到那么多電視演員！n. 寵愛,想要 take a fancy to 寵愛上；愛上6. decorate vt. 裝飾；裝修,裝潢 decorate . with . 用 , 裝飾 , 7. in return for 1作為（對 , 的）回報 /報答（ =in reward for ）If you give me your photo,

4、 I ll give you mine in return. 你如送我一張照片,我便回贈一張給你；He didn t expect anything in return for his help. 他幫忙人并不期望任何回報；2作為回應 I asked his opinion, but he just asked me a question in return. 我征求他的看法,他卻只是反問了我一個問題；【辨析】 in return 和 in turn 易混詞組 辨析 例句He has given me so much help that I in return 表示“ 作為回報 （報答）” ；

5、作為回應 really want to do something for him in return. 他給了我很多幫忙, 所以 真的想為他做些什么作為報答；Interest rates were cut and, in turn, 表示“ 相應地；轉而,反之,share prices rose.利率下調, 股價就in turn 反過來”表示 “ 依次, 逐個輪 相應地上漲了；流”The kids came out of the room in turn.孩子們依次走出房間；8. have/get sth. done 本結構可表示兩種意義 1使某事被做（主語有意識的行為,可能是主語自己做的,也

6、可能是讓別人做）I must have my homework done before going to bed. 1 上床睡覺前我必需做完作業(yè)；（由自己完成）He had/got his hair cut yesterday. 他昨天理發(fā)了； （由別人完成）2遭受 /經受某種不幸的事（此事違反主語的意愿）She had all her jewellery stolen. 她全部的珠寶都被偷了；【拓展】have/let/make sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事get sb. to do sth. 讓某人做某事 have/get sb. Doing 讓某人始終做某事 9. at war 處

7、于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)“ at + n.” 表示一種狀態(tài)或連續(xù)的活動：at peace處于和平狀態(tài) at church 在做禮拜 at rest 在休息 at breakfast/lunch/supper 在吃早 /午/晚飯 at table 在吃飯 at sea在航海at work 在上班 at school 在上學【鏈接】介詞 in,under 和 on 都可以與名詞連用,表示一種狀態(tài)或連續(xù)的活動,此時名詞前一 般不加冠詞；in trouble 處于困境（困難）中 on sale 上市,出售in danger 在危急中 on holiday 在度假,在休假中 under discussion 在爭論中

8、 on fire 著火,失火 under repairz 在修理中 on duty 值班10. remove vt. 1 移走；移開；移動；搬開 from 從 , 搬走某物 remove sth. to 把某物搬到 ,into/out 把某物搬入 /搬出 2 除掉；清除（ =get rid of ）You d better perform well to remove his doubt. 你最好好好表現來打消他的疑慮；3 脫下（衣服等） （ =take off ）；摘下 I recognized him after he removed his dark glasses. 4 把 , 開除；

9、開除 remove sb. from 某人被免 , 職 11. less than少于,小于（某一數目或數量）短語 符號 意義less than 少于not less than 不少于,至于no less than 和 , 一樣,多達（強調多）more than 多于；不僅僅not more than 不多于,不超過,至多no more than 僅僅（強調少）【辨析】 no less than 與 not less than 易混詞組 辨析 例句“ 多達” （強調數量之多, 相當于 as much He has no less than 1 million no less than as）d

10、ollars. 他的錢多達 元；100 萬美not less than “ 至少” （強調下限,相當于 at least）He has not less than 1,000 dollars. 他至少有 1000 美元；12. doubt n. & v. 1 n. 懷疑,疑問 There is no doubt that . 毫無疑問 , There is no doubt about/of . There is some doubt whether . 對 , 持有疑問【拓展】 in doubt 不愿定；沒把握 without/no/beyond doubt 無疑地；的確 2 v. 懷疑；不

11、信任2 doubt whether/if . 懷疑是否 ,I don t doubt that . 我確信 , 13. worth prep. & n. 值得的；相當于 , 的價值的 be worth doing 值得做be worth + 錢數 值 , 錢 be worth + n. 值得 ,【辨析】 worth, worthy 與 worthwhile 易混詞 搭配 例句cosideration. worth be worth + n. /doing The matter is worth cosidering. of being done consideration. worthy be

12、 worthy to be done of sth. The matter is worthy of being considered. to be considered. to consider worthwhile It s worthwhile to do/doing sth. It is worthwhile considering the matter. 【留意】 worth 后接動名詞時,用主動形式表示被動含義；worth 不能用 very 修飾,但可以用 well 修飾；除作表語外,worth 仍可作后置定語；West Lake is a place worth seeing.

13、西湖是個值得一看的地方；14. evidence n. 證據,依據；證明 There is evidence that . 有證據說明 ,15. rather than 1 而不是 I decided to write rather than telephone. 我打算寫信而不是打電話；2 與其 , 倒不如 , ；寧愿 , 而不愿 , He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 與其說他是一個海員,倒不如說他是一個探險者；Rather than cause trouble, he left. 他不情愿惹麻煩,寧可離去；【拓展】prefer to do st

14、h. rather than do sth.寧愿做某事也不愿做某事 would rather do sth. than do sth. /would do sth. rather than do sth. 寧愿做某事也不愿做某事or rather 更準確地說【留意】rather than 有時相當于介詞,有時起連詞作用,其連接的兩個成分的詞性應當一樣；rather than 連接兩個不定式時,后一個常省略 to,但 rather than 位于句首時,常跟不帶 to 的不定式；rather than 連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞應與rather than 前面的主語在人稱和數上保持一樣,相同用法的

15、仍有：as well as,together with ,with ,besides 等；16. think highly of 高度評判,認為 , 不錯；重視；看重【拓展】think much/well of 重視 /看重 /稱贊 think ill/poorly/badly/little of 認為 , 不好 think nothing of 輕視；認為 , 無所謂speak highly of 高度評判 /頌揚 speak well/ill of 說 , 的好 /壞話 17. debate n. & v. 1 n. 辯論；爭辯；爭論under debate 在辯論 /爭論中 a heat

16、ed/lively debate 一場猛烈的爭辯 beyond/without debate 無可爭辯2 v. 尤指正式 爭論,辯論 sth. with sb. 同某人辯論 /爭論某事3 debate wh- to do sth. 爭論 , 做某事on sth. 爭論某事【辨析】 debate與 argue debate 側重“ 雙方各抒己見”argue 側重“ 說理” 、“ 論證”說服某人做 /不做某事；重點句子,內含“ 交鋒” 的意思；和“ 妄想說服” ；常用結構： argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 1. Frederick William , the ki

17、ng of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. 普魯士國王腓特烈 .威廉一世絕不 可能想到他送給俄羅斯人民的厚禮會有這樣一段令人驚奇的歷史；2. However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William , to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. 然而,下一位普魯士國王,腓特烈 .

18、威廉一世,這個琥珀屋的主人卻打算不要它了；3. In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. 作為回贈,沙皇就送給他一隊自己最好的士兵；4. Later, Catherine had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. 后來,葉卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宮殿中；5. In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted. 17

19、70 年,這間琥珀屋依據她的要求完成了；6. In less than two days 100,000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven wooden boxes. 在不到兩天的時間里,10 萬個部件被裝進了 27 個木箱；7. There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for K.nigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea. 毫無疑問,這些箱子后來被裝上火車運往哥尼斯堡,當時德國在波羅的海海邊的

20、一個城市；8. In groups discuss: Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as the Amber Room or Yuanmingyuan in Beijing. 分組爭論：重建遺失的文化遺產,如琥珀屋或北京的圓明園是值得的嗎？9. An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved. 看法是人們信任是真實的,但是未經證明；10. I think highly of those who are searching for the A

21、mber Room. 我很觀賞那些查找琥珀屋的人；11. Nor do I think they should give it to any government. 我也認為他們不應當把它交給任何政府；Unit 2 The Olympic Games 重點單詞和短語1. compete vi. 競賽；競爭 compete in 參與 , 競賽 compete with/against 與 , 競爭 compete for 為 , 而競爭2. stand for 1代表；象征； （指縮寫或符號）是 , 的意思；表示 2容忍,忍耐（用于否定句中）3支持,主見【鏈接】stand doing sth.

22、 忍耐（做）某事stand by 袖手旁觀,站在 , 一邊 stand out 惹眼,引人注目 stand up for 為 , 而站起來,支持,愛護stand on one s own feet 獨立 3. volunteer 1 n. 理想者；理想兵 2 vt. & vi. 自愿（做）volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事 volunteer for sth. 4 4. on a regular basis 有規(guī)律地；定期地【辨析】 regular, normal 與 ordinary 易混詞 辨析 例句“ 定期的,規(guī)章的”,指已有模式有定律的 You d better ta

23、ke regular regular 或定期的 exercise. 你 最 好 定 期 做 運 動；“ 正常,標準的”,指不超過某種限度、符 The doctor said the child s normal 合某種標準或常規(guī)；return to normal 復原正 temperature was normal.醫(yī)生 常 說孩子的體溫正常；“ 一般的, 平常的” ,強調一般性和一般性,He preferred to be treated as ordinary 含不突出的意味；ordinary people 一般人 an ordinary worker. 他寧愿被 當成一般工人看待；on

24、the basis of 以 , 為基礎 5. admit 1 答應進入；讓 , 進入admit sb. To/into 答應某人進入 , ；吸引某人為 , 的成員be admitted as 作為 , 被接受（后接表示成員的名詞）2 容納（相當于 hold, seat）3 承認；供認 admit to sth. 承認某事 admit to doing sth. 承認做過某事admit +that-clause 承認 , admit . To be + adj./n. 承認 , 是 , 6. responsibility n. 責任,職責a sense of responsibility 責任

25、感 take responsibility for 對 , 負責任 take on the responsibility 承擔責任claim responsibility for 聲稱對 , 負責 7. as much +不行數名詞 +as 和 , （程度上）是一樣的 It is as much your responsibily as mine. 這件事你和我一樣都有責任；【拓展】1 as much +不行數名詞 /an +可數名詞單數 +as . “ 和 , （程度上）是一樣的（much 表程度）”It is generally believed that teaching is as m

26、uch an art as a science. 一般認為,教學既是一門藝術,也是一門科學；2 否定式： not as/so much . as與其說是 , 不如說是 , He is not as much an actor as a TV host. 與其說他是演員,不如說他是電視節(jié)目主持人；8. replace vt. 代替,取代；替換 replace . with/by 以 , 代替 /替換 ,take the place of=take one s place 替代,取代【留意】take the place of, in place of, instead of 均可表示“ 代替” ,

27、但 take the place of 為動詞短語,而 in place of 與 instead of 為介詞短語；9. charge 1 n. 主管；費用take charge of 負責,接管 in charge of 主管,掌管 in the charge of=in one s charge 被掌管,由 , 負責 charge for , 的收費free of charge 免費 2 vt.收費,要價；指控,控告；起訴；指責,聲討 charge sb. some money for sth. 因某事而向某人收 , 錢charge sb. with doing sth. 指控（控告、指

28、責）某人（做了）某事 10. advertise v. 為 , 做廣告；登廣告5 advertise for 為征求 , 登廣告advertisement n. 廣告 11. gargain n. & vi. 1 n. 協議；交易make a bargain with sb. About sth. 與某人就某事達成協議 2 n. 廉價貨 a good/bad bargain 交易合算 /不合算a real bargain 真廉價；廉價貨 3 vi. 與某人就某事 討價仍價,講條件 Bargain with sb. Over/about/for sth. 就某物與某人討價仍價 12. pick

29、up 1 撿起；撿起 He picked up his hat and went away. 他撿起帽子,走開了；2 學會,獲得（尤指偶然或無意中）She picked up French when she was in Paris. 在巴黎時,她學會了法語；3 用車 去接 The bus stopped to pick up the passengers. 公共汽車停下來搭載乘客；4 復原（健康、精神） ；好轉 A bite of something might pick you up. 吃一點東西或許能使你振作起來；Business will pick up before summer.

30、夏天來到之前,生意將會好轉；5 接收 I picked up Radip Beijing last night. 昨晚我收聽到了北京廣播電臺；6 使增加；加快The car is picking up speed. 汽車加速了；13. one after another 一個接一個地；間續(xù)地【辨析】 one after another 與 one by one 易混詞組 辨析 例句The guests came out one after one after another 一個接一個地（強調連續(xù)性）another. 客人們一個接一個 地來了；one by one 一個一個地（強調一次一個）D

31、o these exercises one by one. 一道一道地做這些練習題；14. deserve v.（不用于進行時態(tài)）值得；應得；應受（報答或懲處）to do 值得做 , ,應當做 , deserv doing/to be done 值得被做 ,重點句子1. Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors. 只有達到他們各自項目統一標準的運動員才會被接受參與奧運會；2. Theres as much competition among

32、 countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals. 國與國之間爭取奧運會承辦權的競爭就跟爭奪奧運會獎牌一樣猛烈；3. It s in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races, together with swimming, sailing and all the team sports. 跑步、游泳、劃船和全部團體項目是在夏季奧運會上進行的；Unit 3 Computers重點單詞和短語1. It took + 一段時間 + before +從句 過了一段時間后才【拓

33、展】It will not be + 時間段 + before + 從句（現在時）要過一段時間后才 , （用不了一段時間就 , ）It was not be + 時間段 + before + 從句（過去時）過了一段時間后才 , （每過一段時間就 , ）It will be half a year before you graduate from the school. It was a long time before I understood what he did. 6 ,仍有半年你才從這所學校畢業(yè)；很長一段時間后我才懂得他所做的事情；2. solve vt. 解決；解答【辨析】 solv

34、e 與 settle 易混詞 辨析 例子a mystery/puzzle/problem solve “ 解決” ,側重給出問題的答案 solve difficulties 解決困難 解決謎團 /字謎 /問題“ 解決” ,其對象通常是某 a matter/quarrel 解決事情 /爭執(zhí)settle 種爭端 settle an argument/issue 解決爭辯 /問題【單詞積存】solution n. 解決,解答 solution to the problem 3. reality n. U 現實；真實； C 事實；實際經受；見過的事物 face/accept reality 面對 /接

35、受現實out of touch with reality 脫離現實 with reality 真實地；逼真地 in reality 實際上bring . Back to reality 使 , 面對現實,不再抱有幻想 become a reality 變成現實 4. go by（時間）逝去,過去；走過,經過；（機會等）輕易錯過 5. as a result 因此,結果result from 由 , 引起；起因于 result in 導致,造成 6. application n. 應用；用途；申請；懇求make an application to sb. for 向某人 申請 ,an appli

36、cation form 申請表【拓展】apply v. 應用；申請 apply . to . 把 , 應用到 ,apply oneself to 致力于；集中精力于 apply for 申請 apply to . for . 向 , 申請 , 7. anyhow adv. （ 1）（轉換話題、終止談話或回到原話題時說）無論如何,反正 Anyhow I don t like it. 反正我寵愛它；（ 2）而且,加之,反正I don t want to go out and anyhow it is raining. 我不想出去,而且天又在下雨；（ 3）盡管,即使這樣I am afraid we

37、can t come, but thanks for the invitation anyhow. 唯恐我們來不了,不過仍是感謝邀請；【留意】anyhow 作“ 無論如何；而且；即使如此” 講時,可與 anyway 互換； somehow 表示“ 以 某種方式；不知怎么地”7. goal n. （ 1）目標；目的 set a goal 設定目標 achieve/realize/attain/reach a goal 實現目標（ 2）進球；得分；球門score a goal 得分（踢進一球）keep goal 守球門 8. of high quality 高質量的“ of + 修飾詞（如 hig

38、h, great, little, some, no 等） +抽象名詞” 結構除了用作定語,仍常 用作表語,相當于形容詞的作用；如：be of great value = be very valuable be of great use = be very useful 7 be of great interest = be very interesting 9 give away 捐贈,贈送；分發(fā),頒發(fā)；泄露,暴露 10. in a way = in one/some way 在某種程度上【鏈接】in the way/in one s way 擋道,礙事 in this/that way 以

39、這種 /那種方式 in any way 在任何方面by way of 經由 , in no way 絕不,一點兒也不（置于句首時,句子要用部分倒裝）11. arise vi. arose, arisen 顯現；發(fā)生,產生；引起；產生 arise from = result from 因 , 產生【辨析】 arise, rise 與 raise 易混詞 詞性 過去式、過去分詞 詞義 例句Most accidents arose from arise vi. arose, arisen 產生,發(fā)生；顯現 carelessness. 大部分事故是由 疏忽大意引起的；The sun rises in

40、the east and rise vi. rose, risen 升起來,上升 sets in the west. 太陽東升西 落；She raised her head and stared raise vt. raised,raised 舉起,使 , 上升 at them. 她抬起頭盯著他們 看；12. make up 1 組成,構成（常與 of 連用,并用被動形式）Eleven players make up a football team. = A football team is made up of eleven players. 11 名運動員組成一個足球隊；2 編造,虛構 I

41、 think they re making up the whole thing. 我認為整件事情是他們編出來的；3 化妝,裝扮 She spent two hours making herself up before the party. 她在參與聚會前用了兩個小時化妝；4 補償（常與 for 連用）Hard work can make up for the lack of intelligence. 勤能補拙；13. after all 1 終究；歸根結底（表示結果與預想的不同；常置于句尾）I m so sorry and I can t go with you after all. 對不

42、起,我終究仍是不能和你一起去；2 究竟,別忘了 說明或說明理由,常置于句首 It s not surprising the boy has got a stomachache. After all, he has eaten too much. 那個男孩胃痛并不令人驚奇,別忘了,他吃得太多了；14. watch over 看管,照料；看管,監(jiān)視,保衛(wèi),愛護【鏈接】“ 照料” 的多種表達 take care of look after care for attend to see to 重點句子1. I developed very slowly and it took nearly two h

43、undred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage. 我發(fā)育緩慢,差不多到了兩百年之后,查爾斯巴比奇才將我制成了一臺分析機；2. As time went by, I was made smaller. 隨著時間的推移,我被弄得越來越小；3. Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me. 從 20 世紀 70 歲月起,我又被開發(fā)出了很多新的用途；4. Anyhow, my goal is to provide huma

44、ns with a life of high quality. 不管怎樣,我的目標是給人類供應高質量的生活；5. The company has given its computers away to a local school. 該公司向當地一所學校捐贈了電腦；8 6. She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while watching human games. 她把觀看人類競賽時所看到的一切可能動作編入我們的程序；7. In this way I can make up new moves using my “

45、artificial intelligence ” . 這樣,我就可以用我的“ 人工智能” 編制出新的動作；8. It should also watch over my naughty niece, who comes to my house very often. 它也應當看護我那調皮的外甥女,她常常到我家來；Unit 4 Wildlife protection 重點單詞和短語1. decrease v. & n. 1 v. 降低,削減, （使）變小 /少 in 在 , 方面削減 from . to . 從 , 削減到 ,搭配： decrease to 削減到 , by 削減了 , 2 n

46、. 削減,削減的數量a/the decrease in sth. 某物的削減 on the decrease在削減【單詞積存】increase 增加 2. die out 1滅亡,滅亡This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed. 因棲息地正受到破壞,這一物種已瀕臨滅亡；2（風俗、習慣）逐步消逝 Many old customs have died out because they are out of date. 由于已經過時,很多舊的風俗已經消逝；【辨析】 die out, die away,

47、 die off 與 die down 易混詞組 辨析 例句（家族、物種等）死亡,滅亡；（風俗、Many old customs are die out 習慣）逐步消逝 gradually dying out. 很多舊 習俗正逐步消逝；die away （聲音、光線、風等）逐步平靜、漸弱（家族、種族等）相繼滅亡；（草木）die off 先后枯死（火、興奮程度）漸弱,漸息；（ =die die down away）（聲音、光線等）變弱、消逝3. long to do sth. 希望做某事4. respond to sth. 對某事做出反應 /答復 /回復,回答 /應答 , respond to

48、. with （對 , ）報以 , ,回報 ,【拓展】reponse n. 回答,答復；反應 in response to 為 , 回答,響應 make a response to 回答,對 , 做出回應5. loss n. 缺失；遺失；丟失 suffer a loss of 蒙受（ , 的）缺失 make up for the loss 補償缺失at a loss 不知所措,不知如何是好 be lost in thought 陷入深思 6. hunt v. & n. 1 打獵；獵取go hunting 去打獵 2 搜尋9 The wind had died away by dusk. 黃昏時

49、風正逐步減弱 了；The leaves of the tree are dying off. 樹葉正相繼枯死；The noise has died down. 喧 鬧聲逐步消逝了；=reply to/answer hunt for 搜尋,追尋,查找hunt sp. for 為查找 , 搜尋某地 be on the hunt for 正在查找,在尋求中【鏈接】“ 找,查找” 的多種表達法：hunt for, look for, search for, be in search of ；7. in peace = peacefully 和平地；和諧地；寂靜地【鏈接】at peace 和平地；寂靜地

50、（與 at war 相對）at peace/war with 與 , 處于和平 /交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài) make peace with 與 , 講和 /和解8. in danger of 在危急中；垂危 in danger 處于危急中,垂危 out of danger 脫離危急 9. in relief 如釋重負；松了口氣【拓展】relief n.（痛楚或擔憂的）減輕或解除；減輕痛楚的事物 to one s relief 令某人感到欣慰的是with relief 寬慰地 give sb. some relief （略微）減輕某人的痛楚 10. burst into + n. 突然（進入某種狀態(tài)） ；闖入b

51、urst in 闖入；突然顯現；插嘴 burst out 突然 , 起來, , 突然發(fā)生【留意】burst into 后跟名詞,而 burst out 后應跟 doing；burst into tears/laughter 突然哭 /笑起來 burst out crying/laughing 突然哭 /笑起來 11. mercy n. 慈愛,寬容,憐憫show mercy to sb. = show sb. mercy 憐憫、憐憫某人 have/take mercy on sb. 憐憫某人 beg for mercy 懇求寬恕without mercy 毫不留情地；殘酷地 at the mer

52、cy of 任 , 處置；任由 , 擺布 It s a mercy that . 幸運的是 ,12. certain 1 某個；某些（作前置定語）She left him for a certain reason. 由于某種理由她離開了他；【留意】 a certain 表示“ 某一”,some 也可表示“ 某一”2 確定的,肯定（作表語,相當于 sure）to do sth. 肯定會做某事 be certain of/about doing sth. 對（做）某事有把握【拓展】make certain of/that . 搞清晰,弄明白 =make sure of/that for certa

53、in/sure 確定；無疑【留意】certain 可以用人作主語,也可用物作主語,仍可以用 it 作形式主語；sure 通常用人作主語,不能用在以 it 作形式主語的句子中；be sure to do sth. 祈使句中,一般不用 certain；13. protect . from/against 愛護 , 免受 , ；使 , 免受 , 14. contain vt. 1 包含；容納；裝有；含有2 抑制；掌握；克制（劇烈的情感）【辨析】 contain 與 include contain 指某物裝在比其更大的物體內；include 指某物為整體的一部分或要素；The bottle conta

54、ins olives. 瓶子里裝著橄欖；The meal includes steak. 這頓飯包括牛排；10 15. affect 1 影響 The global warming affected the amount of rainfall here. 全球變暖影響了這里的降雨量；2 使感動；激起（哀痛、憤慨、愛等心情）The students were deeply affected by the story. 同學們被那個故事深深地感動了；3（疾病）侵襲,感染 The disease is beginning to affect her eyesight. 疾病開頭侵襲她的視力；【辨析

55、】 affect, effect 與 influence 易混詞 詞性 辨析 例句指產生的影響之大足以引起反應,著 The drought seriously affected affect vt. 重“ 影響”的動作；有時含有 “ 對, the harvest. 干旱嚴峻地影響 產生不利影響” 的意思 了收成；作名詞時指“ 成效,作用”；作動詞 This book effected a change in effect n.& v. 時指“ 產生,引起”my opinion. 這本書使我的看 法發(fā)生了變化；指通過說服、舉例等對行動、思想、His writings have influence

56、d influence n.& v. 性格等產生不易覺察到的、潛移默化的影響 the lives of millions of people. 他的作品影響了千百萬人的生活；16. pay attention to 留意,關注 pay much attention to 特別留意 pay more attention to 更多關注pay little/no attention to 很少 /不留意【拓展】draw/attract/catch/get/one s attention to 吸引某人對 , 的留意fix/focus one s attention on 將留意力集中于,用心于 d

57、evote ones attention to 用心致志于 17. appreciate v. 1 懂得；意識到；領悟 2 觀賞,賞識；重視；鑒賞 3 感謝,感謝appreciate ones doing 感謝（某人）做某事 would appreciate it if/wh- 要是 , 將不勝感謝【留意】appreciate 后不接 to do 作賓語,但可接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語；18. succeed v. 1 勝利 succeed in doing sth. 勝利地做某事2 接替；繼任；繼承 sb. as 接替某人（擔任 , ）succeed + to sth. 繼承某物 19. e

58、mploy vt. 雇傭；利用（時間、精力等）（=make use of）employ sb. To do sth. 雇用某人做某事employ oneself in doing sth. = be employed in doing sth. 忙于某事；從事某活動【辨析】 employ, hire 與 rent 易混詞 辨析 例句指“ 長時間雇用”,賓語一般是人 He employed the girl as a typist. 他 employ 雇用那個女孩當了打字員；指短期、暫時或一次性 “ 雇用,租用” ,During the holidays they hired a boat hi

59、re 賓語可以是人,也可以是物 and went fishing. 假期中,他們租了 一條船去釣魚；rent 指長時間出租、租用,通常用于房地 They rented a house from Mr. Smith.11 產,一般不用于人 他們租用了史密斯先生的一所房子；20. harm n. & vt. 損害；損害do harm to sb. / do sb. harm 損害某人【鏈接】do sb. good = do good to sb. 對某人有好處do sb. wrong = do wrong to sb. 冤枉某人 21. come into being =come into exi

60、stence 形成,（指事物、局面等的）產生【拓展】come into effect 生效 come into action 開頭行動 come into power 當權,上臺come into use 開頭被使用 22. inspect vt. 檢查；檢驗；視察；檢閱【辨析】 inspect, examine 與 check 易混詞 辨析 例句The captain wants to inspect inspect 強調上級對下級的視察、檢查 your kit. 船長想要檢查你的配 備；examine 指“ 觀看、觀看” 以明白情形；仍可指檢查身體 Let me examine your