1、高中英語-v-ing形式用法講解高中英語-v-ing形式用法講解高中英語-v-ing形式用法講解動名詞： v.-ing形式作主語，賓語，表語2021/4/1321 動名詞的形式、復合結構和短語。2 動名詞作主語。4 動名詞作表語3 動名詞作賓語。2021/4/1331) 一般式主動（not） writing2)一般式被動 （not）being written3) 完成式主動（ not ）having written4) 完成式被動（ not ）having been written動名詞的形式:以write 為例2021/4/1341) 名詞所有格+動名詞： Toms writing2) 名詞

2、普通格+動名詞：Tom writing3)形容詞性代詞+動名詞：his writing4)人稱代詞賓格+動名詞：him writing動名詞的復合結構2021/4/135動名詞短語：動名詞和自己的賓語和狀語 speaking aloud reading the text aloud going to bed at ten last night2021/4/1361）動名詞直接位于句首做主語 2 動名詞作主語三種情況2）it 作形式主語，把動名詞真正主語放在句尾，但句子形式有限制，做表語的只能是一些形容詞或名詞，大多數構成固定句式。3）There be +no+動名詞.2021/4/1371）R

3、eading aloud is very important to us 1） 動名詞作主語置于句首：2）Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit. 3）Fighting broke out between the South and the North.2021/4/138Learning English is very important for us.Talking is easier than doing.Taking natural materials out of the rub

4、bish and using them again is called recycling.Playing tricks on others is something we think impolite. 2021/4/139動名詞短語作主語常用it作形式主語，把動名詞短語放在句末。2）it作形式主語代替動名詞Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.It is considered to be a good habit going to bed early and getting up e

5、arly2021/4/1310 2.Taking natural materials out of the rubbish and using them again is called recycling.It is called recycling taking natural materials out of the rubbish and using them again2021/4/1311辨別主語（形式主語和真正主語)It was a waste of time reading that book.It is dangerous standing in the middle of t

6、he street.Is it worthwhile quarrelling with her?Its no good waiting here. Lets go home. 2021/4/1312it 作形式主語的幾個習慣句型：It is no use doingIt is useless doingIt is no good doingIt is fun doingIt is worthwhile doingIt is a waste of time doingIt is pleasant doing2021/4/1313“There is + no”后可以用動詞-ing形式作 主語，表示

7、“沒法”。3）There be +no+動名詞. There was no telling when this might appen again. 沒法預料這樣的事什么時候會再發生。 There was no knowing what he could do. 他能做什么很難說。2021/4/13141）及物動詞賓語 3 動名詞作賓語2）介詞賓語3）it 作形式賓語，代替動名詞4）接doing的動詞5）接to do 的動詞6）接doing 又可接to do 的動詞2021/4/13151）及物動詞賓語 Edison never stopped searching for new and be

8、tter ways to do things. Would you mind opening the window?He gave up teaching only two years ago.2021/4/13162）介詞賓語 Since then, he has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice. He searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of fields.2021/4/1317形容詞busy,

9、worth后接doing The teacher said Edison wasnt very bright and that he wasnt worth teaching. The teachers are busy correcting the students exam papers.2021/4/1318 如果作賓語的動名詞又有自己的補語，習 慣上要將動名詞后置，而用先行詞it作它的形式賓語。 3）it 作形式賓語，代替動名詞 I found it pleasant walking along the river after supper. Do you consider it ne

10、cessary trying again?2021/4/1319 mind,finish,admit,advise,consider, enjoy,keep, miss,suggest,cant help, give up, want (需要；該），need (需要；該）4）接doing的動詞5）接to do 的動詞 want, wish, hope, ask, help, refuse, learn,demand, choose, , decide plan, manage,pretend, afford2021/4/1320 意義基本一樣，如like, love, hate, begin,

11、start, prefer, attempt6）接doing 又可接to do 的動詞 意義明顯不一樣，如remember, forget regret, mean, stop, try, want, need Please remember to post the letter for me.I remember posting the letter.2021/4/1321意義明顯不一樣，如remember, forget, regret, mean, stop, try, want, need He forgot to write to me. Ill never forget visit

12、ing London for the first time. I regret to say that I cannot go with you. She regretted missing the report.2021/4/1322意義明顯不一樣，如remember, forget, regret, mean, stop, try, want, needThey stopped to talk.They stopped talking.You dont need to leave so early.His clothes needed mending and his shoes neede

13、d repairing.2021/4/13233. need, require, want作“需要”解時, 后接動詞-ing形式作賓語, 主動形式表示被動意義, 相當于to be done。如： The radio needs / requires / wants repairing / to be repaired. 2021/4/1324動詞-ing形式作賓語 1. 有些動詞如 admit, avoid, consider, escape, deny, risk, suggest 等后能接動詞-ing形式作賓語，而不能接動詞不定式。如：Were considering paying a v

14、isit to the Science Museum. 2021/4/13252. 有些短語如 ： cant help, be used to, end up, feel like, lead to, be busy, be tired of, be fond of, be afraid of, be proud of, think of / about, put off, keep on, insist on, be good at, give up 等. 2021/4/1326常跟動詞ing作賓語的動詞歌訣:考慮建議盼原諒，承認推遲沒得想，避免錯過繼續練，否認完成停能賞，不禁介意準逃亡，不

15、準冒險憑想象。consider, suggest / advise ,look forward to ,excuse ,pardon admit, delay / put off , fancy avoid , miss ,keep /keep on , practise deny , finish , stop ,enjoy / appreciate cant help , mind , allow/ permit ,escape forbid , risk , imagine 2021/4/1327注意 動詞-ing形式的復合結構是指在動詞-ing形式前面加上邏輯主語來強調動作的執行者，該

16、邏輯主語常為形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格；當邏輯主語不出現在句首時，可用人稱代詞的賓格代替形容詞性物主代詞或用名詞普通格代替名詞的所有格。如：2021/4/13281）Im annoyed about Johns/ John forgetting to pay.2）I really cant understand you/your treating her like that. 2021/4/13292. 動詞-ing形式的否定形式是在其前面加not，帶有邏輯主語時not應在動詞-ing形式之前。如：Not cleaning her teeth made her smell bad.Your

17、schoolmates not coming home in time made her parents worried.2021/4/1330需要注意的問題：以下的動詞后面加動詞的不定式作賓語：decide , hope, expect , seem, agree, afford, arrange, choose, offer, plan, promise, determine, demand, manage, fail, prepare, refuse, pretend, 2021/4/1331常跟不定式作賓語的動詞歌訣：三個希望兩答應，兩個要求莫拒絕,設法學會做決定,不要假裝在選擇。ho

18、pe; wish; want ; agree; promisedemand; ask; refusemanage; learn; decide pretend ; choose 2021/4/1332想要拒絕命令，需要努力學習,期望同意幫助，希望決定開始。want ; refuse ; order need; try ; learn expect ; agree ; help hope ; wish ; decide ; begin ;start 2021/4/1333以下的動詞后面既可接動詞的不定式又可以接動詞的ing作賓語：hate, love , prefer , remember ,

19、forget, regret , like ,try , stop , begin , start 2021/4/1334既跟動詞ing又接不定式作賓語的動詞歌訣:雙方一旦開始，不論喜歡與否，都得繼續下去。不管記住與否，努力打算停止，后悔三個需要。begin, start, like, prefer, hate, dislike, continue，remember, forget, try, mean, stop, reget, want, need, require 2021/4/1335 即時練習 從 A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。 1. Its necessary to be

20、prepared for a job interview. _ the answers ready will be of great help. A. To have had B. Having hadC. Have D. HavingD2021/4/13362. The parents suggested _ in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.A. sleep B. to sleepC. sleeping D. having sleptC2021/4/13373. How I r

21、egret _ so much time in the net bar! I should have studied harder.A. to waste B. wasting C. wasted D. being wastedB2021/4/1338II. 根據括號內的漢語提示, 完成下列句子。1. _ (大聲朗讀) in the library is a bad habit. 2. Its no use _ (像這樣談話). 3. In my mind, _ _ (進入那所著名的大學) will be the only way to become a world-class writer.

22、 attending the famous universityReading aloudtalking like this2021/4/13394. Mary got well-prepared for the job interview, for she couldnt risk _ (丟失這個好機會).5. He remembered _ _ (沒有完成作業), so he got up early to do it the next morning. not having finished his homeworklosing the good opportunity2021/4/13

23、40The Participle as Attributive分詞作定語2021/4/1341the changing worldthe changed worldboiling waterboiled watera developing countrya developed countrylost child變化中的世界變了的世界正在沸騰的水開過的水發展中國家發達國家失蹤的孩子2021/4/1342We can see the rising sun.正在升起的太陽Look at the sleeping baby. So cute.Watch out that a moving lorry

24、移動的卡車Dont eat too many like fried chicken legsHe is a retired worker.退休的工人分詞做前置定語2021/4/1343定語從句與分詞短語的轉換The conversion of attributive clause and participle phrase2021/4/1344 I know a man working in that factory. I know a man who works in that factory. I know a man who is working in that factory. I k

25、now a man who worked in that factory. The girl sitting beside me is (was) my cousin. The girl who sits beside me is my cousin. The girl who is sitting beside me is my cousin. The girl who sat beside me was my cousin. 2021/4/1345The boys who are playing tennis are my friends.The boys playing tennis a

26、re my friends.I know the boy who is running in the park.I know the boy running in the park.定語從句轉換成現在分詞短語做后置定語, 有主動或進行的意思。先行詞與現在分詞有主動關系2021/4/1346She bought a computer which was produced in China.She bought a computer produced in China. He received a letter which was written in English.He received a

27、letter written in English.過去分詞作定語有被動或完成的意思2021/4/1347用定語從句及分詞完成下列句子.The man is my brother. He is standing under the tree. _.2. Do you know the girl? She is talking with the teacher.The man who is standing under the tree is my brother.Do you know the girl who is talking with the teacher?The man stand

28、ing under the tree is my brotherDo you know the girl talking with the teacher? 2021/4/1348v.ing as Predicative(表語)2021/4/1349-ing 分詞（短語）作表語, 起adj.作用，指主語的性質、狀態、特征。It sounded so horrifying and exciting. (as an adj.)The situation is encouraging. (as an adj.)-ed分詞做表語也起adj.作用，往往表示主語所處的狀態。He got promoted.

29、I grew tired.He remained unsatisfied.2021/4/1350I I:The ing Participle as Object Complement(賓語補足語)2021/4/13511.在感覺/感官動詞后作賓語補足語，表示賓語的行為正在進行，呈主動關系。這類動詞有：feel, see, notice, watch, hear, smell, listen to, look at, findI felt my heart beating faster.She smelt something burning.Listen to the birds singing

30、 outside.-ed分詞同樣可以做賓補，與賓語呈被動關系。He is happy to see his baby taken care of.He noticed the thief caught by the police.2021/4/13522.在表示“致使”意義的動詞后作賓語補足語。這類動詞有: make (不跟-ing分詞作賓補), set, have, get, start, leave, keep, catchMy father had me writing the whole morning.He kept me waiting for a long time.I caught him cheating in the exam.He was left standing the whole morning.-ed分詞同樣可以做“致使”動詞的賓補。Can I make myself understood? That is a question.He managed to get it done by himself.2021/4/1353不定式和-ing分詞作賓語補足語的區別（感官動詞，致使動詞可以跟不帶to的不定式）2021/4/1354不定式短語作賓語補足語時，指事情的全部過程已經結束；-ing 分詞短語作賓語補足語則表