1、高考英語名詞性從句講解一、概念：名詞性從句相當于名詞詞組，在復合句中起名詞性作用。分類：主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句。引導名詞性從句的1）連接詞：that, whether, if; 2）關系代詞：who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever;3)關系副詞：when, where, how, why.二、要點：人物主語： who, whoever what, whatever 賓語：whom, whomever what, whatever名詞性從句表語：whom what定語：which what whose 狀語when

2、where why how whenever however wherever不做成份：that if/whether as if /as though三、基礎知識學習：主語從句: 主語從句是在復合句中代替作主語的名詞, 充當主語的從句，通常放在主句謂語動詞之前或由形式主語it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。1.that 引導的主語從句句首That a round-trip to Mars would take more than a year and a half is estimated.That he misunderstood me is obvious.That引導主語從句，放句首，不做任

3、何成分，不可省略。用形式主語it來引導句子A. that引導主語從句放句首時，有時會為了避免頭重腳輕，保持句子平衡，常用it做形式主語，把真正的that引導的主語從句放句后。It is strange that he made no answer.It is known to all that the earth is round.B. 用it做形式主語的主語從句結構注意：. It作形式主語和it引導強調句的比較It作形式主語代替主語從句，主要是為了平衡句子結構，主語從句的連接詞沒有變化。而it引導的強調句則是對句子某一部分進行強調，無論強調的是什么成分，都可用連詞that。被強調部分指人是也

4、可用who/whom。例如：Itisapitythatyoudidntgotoseethefilm. Itisinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace. . whoever, whatever, whichever等詞可以引導主語從句, 但no matter who, no matter what 等不能.Whoever breaks the school rules must be punished.試比較：Whoever breaks the schools rules, he must be punished.=No matter who breaks the

5、 school rules, he must be punished.1、It be 名詞 that從句It is a fact that-事實上It is a pity that-可惜的是It is a question that-是個問題It is a honor that-非常榮幸It is a shame that-真是可恥It is common knowledge that-毫不奇怪的是2、It be adj. that從句It is certain that-很肯定It is natural that-很自然It is obvious that-很顯然It is clear/ev

6、ident that-很清楚It is fortunate that-很幸運It is better that-最好It is likely/ probably/ possible that-很有可能3、It be 過去分詞 that 從句It is said that-據說It is believed that-人們認為It is reported that-據報道It is not known that-.不為人知It is to be discussed that要討論It has been proved that-已證明It must be pointed out that-必須指出I

7、t is estimated that-據估計4、It 動詞 that從句It seems that-好像是It happened that-碰巧It turned out that-結果It follows that-由此可見It matters that-要緊的是It occurred to me that-我想到It struck me that-我想到5、 主語從句中的虛擬語氣It is suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted， desirable, advisable, imperat

8、ive.that-clause It is important, necessary, natural, strangethat-clauseIt is a pity, a shame, no wonderthat-clause Is it necessary that he (should) take the examination? It is strange that he (should) tell you this. A. would tell 2. wh-引導的主語從句句首How the prisoner escaped is a mystery.What he need is m

9、ore experience.用形式主語it來引導句子It has not been decided yet whether she will go by bus or by train.It is not very clear what they are talking about.活學活用一1. It has been proved _ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illness in later life. 2. you cant make great progress in th

10、e language learning has something to do with your vocabulary.3. It has come to be realized _ particular matters in the air expose us to lifes real danger. 4. _ I cant understand is why the illegal cooking oil, mostly made from discarded (被棄的)kitchen waste, is difficult to detect and identify efficie

11、ntly. 5. _ countries having great difficulties in economy right now need most of all is financial aid rather than lecturing. 2)表語從句：表語從句和主語指同一內容，它對主語進行解釋說明，使主語的內容具體化。表語從句放在連系動詞之后，充當復合句中的表語，一般結構是“主語十連系動詞表語從句”。可以接表語從句的連系動詞有be,look,remain,seem等。1. Theproblemisthatmillionsofpeopledieofillnessescausedbys

12、moking. 2. Thequestionremainswhetherwecanwinthepeople. 1. that 引導的表語從句The fact is that he didnt notice the car till too late.One advantage of living in the country is that one can get close to nature.2. wh- 疑問詞引導的表語從句The problem is how we can keep in touch with them.This was why the complained about

13、 the assignments. 表語從句注意點(1) 表語從句一律用陳述句的語序.(2) 表語從句的引導詞that無實際意義,但不能省略.(3) 表語從句只能用whether,而不能用if 引導.(4) 不要使用 The reason is because that 句型, 應使用 The reason is that 或 This / it /that/is because等句型.(5) 表語從句和同位語從句中的虛擬語氣在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名詞后面的表語從句、同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣，即（should） 動

14、詞原形。My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.活學活用二1. Its not important whether you win or not. What really matters is _ you play the game. 2. The question to be discussed is _ we can make our efforts rewarded. 3.

15、 “Giving is _ fuels us,” says Mycoskie. “Giving is our future. Its the centre of our business, and its time we celebrate it.” 4. _ I cant understand is why the illegal cooking oil, mostly made from discarded (被棄的)kitchen waste, is difficult to detect and identify efficiently. 3) 同位語從句同位語從句是與先行詞同位或同等

16、的從句，先行詞常為名詞如news, fact, truth, conclusion, hope, decision, belief, opinion, view, feeling, suggestion, proposal, etc.注意：同位語從句前名詞的數同位語從句前的名詞通常用單數形式，并且往往帶有限定詞(word除外)加以修飾。例如：Where did you get the idea that I could not come?Give me your promise that you will come to our party this evening.Word came tha

17、t China launched its first manned spaceship on Oct 15, 2003.1. that引導的同位語從句有些名詞的后面可以接that引導的同位語從句：We came to the decision that we must act at once.He made a proposal that the meeting be postpone.There was little hope that he would survive.The fact that his health is falling is not true.I doubt the r

18、eport that the ship sank on its first voyage.以下名詞常用于以上句型：advice, announcement, argument, belief, claim, conclusion, decision, evidence, explanation, fact, feeling, hope, idea, impression, information, knowledge, message, news, opinion, order, probability, promise, proposal, remark, reply, report, sa

19、ying, statement, suggestion, thought, warning, wish, word2. wh-引導的同位語從句I have no idea how soon they are coming.Have you any idea where there are having a rehearsal?3. 同位語從句的割裂有時同位語從句不是緊跟在與之同位的名詞之后，而是被某些成分隔開。Evidence that he committed the crime came up.Evidence came up that he committed the crime.Wor

20、d came that their team had won the match.draw come to a conclusion arrive atreach The conclusion that/ which/ X the police came to that Tom committed the crime didnt satisfy us. 4. 同位語從句的虛擬語氣在suggestion, advice, request, order等意為“建議；命令；要求”的名詞后，同位語從句中的謂語動詞通常用“should 動詞原形”的虛擬語氣結構，句中的should可以省略。例如：Our

21、teacher gave us some advice how we (should) use the computer.The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule (should) be adopted.活學活用三1. Evidence came up _ specific speech sounds were recognized by infants as young as two months old. 2. Many experts stick to the view _teacher development is

22、the key to the education quality. 3.The long-held belief _ certain foods increase intelligence has turned out to be a disappointment. 4.When it comes to mental health, the fact is sometimes neglected _ more and more teachers are under great pressure. 5. More teens begin to realize the basic principl

23、e _ there is more to a person than physical beauty.4) 賓語從句1. that引導的賓語從句（that可省略）I hope that you will enjoy your stay here.(suggest, demand, insist, order 虛擬) suggest that sb. (should) do2. wh-引導的賓語從句She asked what second language I was studying then.I wonder if/ whether there is any need to spend s

24、o much money on the party.She will write a book on how young mothers should raise their babies.3. 賓語從句的語序：陳述句（連接詞主語謂語）He asked what had happened. He didnt know what was the matter/ what was wrong.4. 兩個賓語從句And/ but 兩個that分別同時作句子的賓語時，第二個that通常不省略。He said (that) and thatThey believed (that) land did no

25、t belong to people but that people belong to land.5. doubt后面的從句doubt(肯定) whether/ wh-/ when dont doubt that There is no doubt that 6. 介詞后面的賓語從句that通常不能跟在介詞后面做賓語，但是在介詞in, except, besides, but, save 之后可跟that從句。in that (因為，在方面)，except that (除了), besides that (除了), but that (要不是), save that (除了), etc.I

26、know nothing about the man except that he is an Indian.Criticism is necessary in that it helps to correct our mistakes.7.賓語從句的疑問詞提前Do you know how hold I am?How old do you think I am?do you think, do you suggest, do you imagine, do you expect, do you guess, do you assume, etc.What do you suppose we

27、should do with the pollution?8）賓語從句中的虛擬語氣: 在動詞 （大都表示“要求、建議、命令”意義）suggest, order, demand, request, desire, insist, require, decide, determine, advise, recommend, deserve (值得提及) 后需用 should 型的虛擬語氣。he teacher demanded that the work (should) be finished before 4 oclock.He suggested that she (should) have

28、 an operation at once. 注意suggest 當表示“暗示、表明“講時，insist 表示“堅持認為”之意時，主從句時態相應一致，不用虛擬語氣。What he said suggested he was a doctor.He insisted that what he said was right. 活學活用四1. It is not alwayss easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life.2. It even leaves the scientists in won

29、der _ they should call the newly-born creature, which looks half-human and half-animal. 3. Many skilled workers were organized to clear away _ remained in the World Expo site. 4. Consumers are getting more sensible and buy only _ they need in spite of all the advertisements they see. 5. Chinese medi

30、cal experts have warned _ antibiotics(抗生素) have been “heavily overused” at hospitals, which might cause serious side-effects. 6.The manager seems never to be satisfied with _ the company has achieved. 7. The manager will put _ he thinks has a strong sense of duty in the leadership position. 8. Deep

31、in the Atlantic Ocean, explorers have found may be the most valuable sunken treasure in history. 9. Recently, the Chinese government gave some examples of _ Dalai Lamas visiting foreign countries had affected China. 10. How we express our ideas sometimes means more than _ we mean to say. 11. They wo

32、nder _ someone who wants to be a telecom engineer should study subjects such as history, literature, philosophy, etc. 12. Best-selling author and race car driver Han Han offered a 20 million RMB reward to _ could prove his works were ghostwritten (代筆)。強化練習一填寫合適的關系詞。1.He also starred in _is called Sn

33、ow White and the Huntsman. 2. After giving the card, I realized_ powerful the sentence “thank you” is.3. He said Bonnie didnt bark or bite like a guard dog, but _ she behaved was enough to alert him.4. Of course, I wasnt signed, but_hurt the most was being told that if I grew to 175 meters I could b

34、e a success5. Large amounts of sea ice loss could change_air circulates in the atmosphere. 6. It is essential for you to know why you are speaking and _you wish to accomplish by your speech. 7. But _ I expect is for you to think independently and introduce new ideas.8. As the day of the party came near, Merlin began to think _ to make a grand entrance at the party.9. It surprised nearly everyone that the Hatches had so much mone