1、Unit 1 Teenage LifeDiscovering Useful StructuresReview Different Sentence ConstituentsSVOPACDOIOsubjectverbobjectpredicativeadverbialobject complementdirect objectindirect object主語謂語動詞賓語表語狀語賓語補足語直接賓語間接賓語Review: Adjective(1) Adjectives can be used as attributive, predicative and object complement. He

2、 even told us a funny story. (attributive)I didnt feel awkward or frightened at all. (predicative)I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. (object complement)(2) When adjectives are used to modify indefinite pronouns such as something, anything, nothing, everything, they are

3、put after these indefinite pronouns.I have something important to tell you. Is there anything interesting in the film. (3)The structure “the + adjective” is used to describe a kind of people.the poor, the homeless, the young, the old, the disabledReview: AdjectiveAdverbs can be used as adverbial, pr

4、edicative and attributive.He studies very hard. (adverbial)When will you be back? (predicative)Life here is full of joy. (attributive)Adverbs can be classified into five categories based on their meanings and functions: adverb of time (時間副詞), adverb of place (地點副詞), interrogative adverb (疑問副詞), adve

5、rb of manner (方式副詞) and adverb of degree (程度副詞).Review: AdverbCommon adverbs of manner: anxiously, badly, bravely, calmly, carefully, proudly, rapidly, suddenly, successfully, angrily, happily, slowly, warmly, well, fast, slow, quick, hard, alone, high, straightThe old man walked home slowly.Please

6、listen to the teacher carefully.The birds are flying high.He runs very fast.Review: Adverb of MannerAdverbs of degree are commonly used to describe adjective and adverb. Some are used to modify verbs and preposition phrases. Examples: much, (a) little, a bit, very, so, too, enough, quite, rather, pr

7、etty, greatly, completely, nearly, almost, deeply, hardly, partlyHer pronunciation is very good.She sings quite well.I can hardly agree with you.Review: Adverb of degreewordphraseA phrase is a small group of words standing together as a conceptual unit, typically forming a component of a clause or s

8、entence.nounnoun phraseadjectiveadjective phraseadverbadverb phraseNoun phrase (NP)Definition: A noun phrase is word group with a noun as its head word, which is modified by other words, such as articles (a, an, the), nouns, adjectives, participles, and possessive pronouns.a big challenge my first s

9、enior high school daythe school advisera very difficult languageextra-curricular activitiesa broken heartCommon noun phrases(1) article + adjective + noun an annoying boy(2) article + noun+ preposition + noun a piece of news(3) possessive case of noun+ noun a 15 minutes ride(4) noun + to/with/for pr

10、eposition phrasethe answer to the questiona man with good mannersa gift for Toms birthday(5) noun + nounrailway stationNoun phrases can function in several different ways in a sentence. The yellow house is for sale. I want a trip to Europe. This is an amazing experience which will never be forgotten

11、. Jenny, my sister, is good at public speaking. (subject)(object)(predicative)(appositive)名詞修飾語與名詞的兩種關系。（1）名詞修飾語放在名詞前面構成前置定語，包括限定詞和名詞。（2）在復雜的名詞短語中，名詞修飾語放在名詞后面構成后置定語，包括定語從句、分詞短語、動詞不定式、介詞短語等。these beautiful flowersHe is always the first to come and the last to leave.the girl with an oval face Adjectiv

12、e phrase (AdjP)Definition: An adjective phrase is word group with an adjective as its head word. Like an adjective, an adjective phrase modifies a noun or pronoun by providing more information about it.Common adjective phrases(1) two or more adjectives connected by and or butlarge and beautifulexhau

13、sted but happy(2) Adverbs of degree + adjectivequiet difficultawfully dirtylong enoughAdjective phrases can function as attributive, predicative, complement and adverbial in a sentence. She had extremely blue eyes.The bridge is long and wide. I found my new colleagues humorous and generous.He is a s

14、tudent worthy of praise.Relaxing and funny, Mrs. Tangs English class was my favorite. (attributive)(attributive)(predictive)(complement)(adverbial)Adverb Phrase (AdvP)Definition: An adverb phrase is word group with an adverb as its head word. An adverb phrase, like an adverb, modifies a verb, an adj

15、ective, or an adverb by providing additional details about it.Common adjective phrases(1) two or more adverbs connected by and or butagain and again(2) Adverbs of degree + adverbvery carefullyAdverb phrases usually function as adverbial in a sentence. Amy answered the question quickly and correctly.

16、 He listens to the teacher extremely carefully, trying to find the answer. Generally speaking, products with high quality are more expensive.(adverbial)(adverbial)(adverbial)1. All the students are invited to take part in the English speech contest.Mark the NP/AdjP/AdvP and state their functions.2.

17、Most of the little children are naturally curious about everything around them.NP (S) NP (O) NP (S) AdjP (P) 3. Mr. Smith is a man with bad manners.4. The little girl is staring at her mother, nervous and frightened.NP (P) NP (S) AdjP (A) 5. The beautiful weather made the trip fun and relaxing. AdjP

18、 (C) 6. Dont throw the waste here and there.7. The young boy entered a shoe store which was big andtidy and bought a pair of shoes.AdvP (A) NP (S) AdjP (P) 8. These books for children are much too easy for adults to read.AdjP (P) NP (O) NP (S) NP (O) e.g. The first week was a little confusing. NP (S) AdjP (P)Ex. 11. The building is so big that Im completely lost.2. The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate.NP (S) Adj