1、特殊句式最新.1 特殊句式思維流程最新.2知識點一倒裝句一、完全倒裝謂語動詞完全置于主語之前的句子，便是完全倒裝句，這類句型主要有四種：1.表示方式或方位的副詞或介詞短語： here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall等，置于句首。 There goes the bell.鈴響了。 On the table were some flowers.桌子上有一些花。最新.32.such置于句首時 Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the

2、20th centurys greatest scientist. 這就是愛因斯坦，一個純樸的人，也是20世紀最偉大的科學家。3.“There be”句型be動詞可用“stand, live, exist, lie, remain, seem, appear”等來代替，其形式為：There謂語主語。There stands a tower on the top of the mountain.山頂有座塔。There appear some black clouds in the sky.空中布滿烏云。最新.4【溫馨提示】在“There be”句型中，be動詞根據靠近be動詞的名詞的單復數來變化

3、。例如：There is a desk and two chairs in the room.There are two chairs and a desk in the room.房間里有一張桌子和兩把椅子。最新.54.表語置于句首時為了保持句子平衡或強調表語部分，可將作表語的形容詞、分詞、介詞短語等置于句首，構成完全倒裝形式，即：形容詞/現在分詞/過去分詞/介詞短語be主語。Happy are those who are contented.知足者常樂。Present at the meeting were twenty teachers and thirty students.20位老師

4、和30位學生參加了會議。Seated on the ground are a group of young people.席地而坐的是一群年輕人。最新.61.當句子的主語由人稱代詞擔當時，句子不倒裝。Here it is./Away they went.最新.72.此句型中的such多被認為是表語，所以，such后的be動詞應與其后的“真正的主語”保持一致。 最新.8這就是他的臨終遺言。【誤】Such is his last words.【正】Such are his last words.誤點：_最新.91.For a moment nothing happened, then _(come

5、) voices all shouting together.答案came考查倒裝句式。當某些副詞如then, now, here，there, up等置于句首時，句子要用完全倒裝形式。句意：一時間，什么都沒發生，之后大家一起大笑起來。最新.10兩扇窗戶之間掛有一張畫。【誤】Between the two windows hang a picture.【正】Between the two windows hangs a picture.誤點：_最新.11二、部分倒裝只把謂語的一部分(多為助動詞、系動詞be或情態動詞)置于主語之前的句子，叫部分倒裝句。這類句型主要有三種：1.only修飾介詞短語

6、、副詞或狀語從句，且放在句首時。 Only then did he realize he was wrong.直到那時他才意識到他錯了。Only in this way can we learn English well.只有以這種方式，我們才能學好英語。最新.122.否定副詞或短語never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, at no time, by no means, in no case等置于句首時。 Never before have I seen such a moving film.我以前從未看過這么感人的電影。At no time will

7、 China be the first to use the nuclear weapons.在任何情況下中國絕不會第一個使用核武器。 最新.133.五個重要的固定句型：(1)“so/neither/norbe/have/助動詞/情態動詞主語”表示“前一句中的內容也適合于另一人或另一事物”。He came last night, so did I.他昨晚來了，我也來了。Lily cant ride, neither/nor can Lucy.莉莉不會騎車，露西也不會。最新.14【溫馨提示】如果表示對前面內容的肯定，不使用倒裝句式。It is hot today.今天天真熱。So it is.的

8、確如此。此句型也可寫成It is/was the same with主語或So it is/was with主語。Tom is clever and he works hard.Tom很聰明而且工作努力。So it is with Jack.Jack也是這樣。最新.15(2)在“soadj./adv.that.”句型中，如果soadj./adv.置于句首，主句用部分倒裝，that從句不倒裝。So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood.他的英語說得如此清楚，以至于他總能讓別人聽懂。(3)在

9、“not only., but(also).”句型中，如果not only置于句首，需將not only引導的句子倒裝，但but(also)引導的句子不倒裝。 Not only will help be given to people to find jobs，but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.不僅幫助人們找工作，而且會向需要的人提供醫療。(4)當“not until.”置于句首時，until從句的主謂不可倒裝， 而只是主句需要倒裝。 Not until he returned did we h

10、ave supper.直到他回來，我們才吃晚飯。最新.16(5)在as引導的讓步狀語從句中，通常使用倒裝語序(表語/狀語/動詞原形as主語)。Child as he was, he made a living by himself.盡管他是個孩子，他卻自己謀生。Tired as he was, he still went on with his work.盡管很累，他還是繼續工作。Try as he might, he didnt pass the exam.盡管很用功，但他考試還是不及格。People like his stories, because simple as the tales

11、 were, they would finish with a sudden change at the end, to the readers surprise.人們很喜歡他的小說，因為故事雖然簡單，但結局出奇，讓讀者吃驚。最新.171.副詞開頭要倒裝，人稱代詞則如常。only修飾副介狀，位于句首半倒裝。否定意義副連詞，“即不也不”須倒裝。表語前置主語長，銜接自然常倒裝。such代詞做表語，引起主謂要倒裝。Not only開頭句，前一分句須倒裝。had, were, should虛擬句，省略if半倒裝。2.(1)only修飾主語時，句子不可以倒裝。 Only he can answer th

12、e question.只有他能回答此題。(2)only位于句首修飾狀語從句時，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。最新.18只有他返回時，我們才查明真相。【誤】Only when did he return we found out the truth.【正】Only when he returned did we find out the truth.誤點：_最新.192.Only when he reached the tea-house _(realize) it was the same place hed been in last year.3.(2012遼寧，32)Not until he re

13、tired from teaching three years ago _(consider) having a holiday abroad.答案2.did he realize3.did he consider最新.201.not until放在句首時，后面的主句用部分倒裝，因為從句是過去時，因此主句也用一般過去時。2.as引導從句必須用部分倒裝，though引導從句可用也可不用部分倒裝，although引導從句用陳述語序。 如果是單數名詞或形容詞最高級作表語，不再用冠詞。Youngest as he is in our class, he speaks English best.他雖然是

14、我們班年齡最小的，但他英語說得最好。最新.21知識點二強調句1.強調句型(1)強調句型的結構。“It is/was被強調部分that/who其他成分”被強調的成分可以是主語、賓語和狀語，但不能是定語或謂語。所強調的可以是單詞、短語，也可以是從句，但結構必須完整。被強調的部分指人時，用who或that皆可；指事物或情況時，通常用that。It was he that broke the window.是他打破了窗子。(主語)最新.22It was her that we met at the school gate.我們在校門口遇到的正是她。(賓語) It was in the park tha

15、t Tom lost his watch.湯姆是在公園里丟了他的手表的。(狀語)(2)強調句型的問句形式。強調句型的一般疑問句只需把is(was)提前。 Is it Professor Wang who teaches you English? 是王教授教你們英語的嗎？強調句型的特殊疑問句，只需在一般疑問句前加上疑問詞。Who was it that broke the window？打破窗子的是誰？When was it that you called me yesterday? 你昨天打電話給我是什么時候？最新.23(3)含有not.until.的強調句型。其強調句式為：It is/was

16、 not until被強調的部分that其他成分。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized her.直到她摘下墨鏡，我才認出她。最新.24 2.謂語動詞的強調如果需要強調謂語時，用？助動詞do, does或did。Do come this evening.今晚一定要來。 He did write to you last week.上周他的確寫信給你了。Tom does study hard now.現在湯姆學習真的很努力。最新.25強調句型It is(was)后面的人稱代詞若是從句中的主語， is/was的

17、后面應當用主格形式。倘若這一人稱代詞是從句的賓語，則用賓格形式。It was him who(whom)I saw yesterday.我昨天見到的正是他。最新.26是他打破了窗戶。【誤】It was him who broke the window.【正】It was he who broke the window.誤點：_最新.27用適當的詞填空1.It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do _ benefits our work most.答案that句意：能給我們的工作帶來最大益處的不是我們做了多少

18、，而是我們對于自己所做的事情付出了多少愛。考查強調句型。被強調部分為句子的主語not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do，故用that。最新.282.It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic _ Zheng He sailed to East Africa.答案that考查強調句型。句子雖然比較長，但是其主干為強調句型，是對“80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlan

19、tic”進行了強調，由此可知，空白處應該填寫“that”。最新.29知識點三省略句一、狀語從句中的省略現象1.當狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致，從句謂語動詞中又含有動詞be時，可以省略狀語從句的主語和系動詞be，這時從句中可出現如下結構：(1)連詞(as, as if, once)名詞Once (he was) a teacher, he now works in a government office.從前他曾當過老師，現在他在政府部門工作。 (2)連詞(though, whether, when)形容詞Work hard when (you are) young, or youll reg

20、ret.年輕時努力工作，否則你會后悔的。最新.30(3)連詞(whether, as if, while)介詞短語He looked everywhere as if (he was) in search of something.他到處看好像在找什么東西。(4)連詞(when, while, though)現在分詞While (I was) walking along the street, I heard my name called.當我沿著馬路走時，聽到有人喊我的名字。 (5)連詞(when, if, even if, unless, once, until, than, as)過去分

21、詞The exhibition is more interesting than (it was) expected.展覽比預料的更有趣。(6)連詞(as if, as though)不定式He opened his lips as if (he were) to speak.他張開嘴好像要說話。最新.312.當從句的主語是it，謂語動詞中又含有系動詞be時，可以把it和系動詞一起省略。此時構成“連詞(if, unless，when, whenever)形容詞”的結構。 Unless (it is) necessary, youd better not refer to the diction

22、ary.除非有必要，你最好不要查詞典。 另外，我們還可以用so或not代替上文內容，此時可用ifso/not省略句式。最新.32Get up early tomorrow.If not (you dont get up early), you will miss the first bus.明天早點起。否則(如果不那樣)，你會錯過頭班車的。He may not be at home then, if so (he is not at home), leave him a note.那時他可能不在家。如果那樣，就給他留個紙條。最新.33最新.341.Though _(surprise) to s

23、ee us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.答案surprised前半句是“Though he was surprised to see us”的省略形式。一般情況下，如果狀語從句的主語與主句的主語相同，并且從句的謂語含有be動詞，常省略狀語從句中的主語和be動詞。最新.352.It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine._(如果這樣的話), wed better take it to the garage immediately.答案If so最新.36二、不定式的省略現象在一定的上

24、下文中，為了避免重復，有時不定式可以省略，但通常保留不定式符號to。1.代替動詞不定式后被省略掉的動詞，常在be afraid, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等后面。 I asked him to see the film, but he didnt want to.我叫他去看電影，但他不想去。最新.372.在have, need, ought, be going, used等后面。 I didnt want to go there, but I had

25、 to.我不想去那兒，但不得不去。3.在某些形容詞 glad, happy, pleased, delighted, afraid, willing, eager等后面。 Will you join in the game？你想一起做游戲嗎？ Id be glad to.好的。最新.384.否定形式的省略用not to。 Shall I go instead of him？我要代替他去嗎？I prefer not to.我寧愿不。 5.如果省略的不定式結構中含有be, have, have been，則要保留這些詞。Are you monitor of our class？你是我們的班長嗎？N

26、o, but Id like to be.不，但是我想當。最新.39最新.40知識點四祈使句、感嘆句及其他句式最新.412.感嘆句基本構成形式：(1)What (a/an)形容詞名詞主語謂語！(2)How形容詞a/an可數名詞單數主語謂語！(3)How形容詞/副詞主語謂語！What a clever boy he is！How clever the boy is！多聰明的男孩啊！What beautiful flowers these are！How beautiful these flowers are!這些花多美麗啊！How high the mountain is！這山真高啊！最新.42

27、3.There be句型的非謂語形式There being no bus, we had to walk home.沒有公交車了，我們不得不走路回家。I expect there to be many chances for him to get a job.我希望他有很多找到工作的機會。There having been no water for 2 days, the travelers were all very thirsty.已經兩天沒有水了，這些旅行者們口渴得很厲害。最新.43多好的姑娘啊！【誤】How a nice girl she is!【正】What a nice girl

28、she is！/How nice a girl she is!誤點：_最新.44Dont turn off the computer before closing all programs _(否則) you could have problems.答案or最新.45易錯點1not until的誤用Not until the motorbike looked almost new _(他才停下) repairing and cleaning it.解析not until放在句首，句子應用部分倒裝結構。答案did he stop【即時小練】改寫句子：直到昨天晚上，他才回家。A：He didnt

29、return home until last night.B：Not until last night _.答案did he return home最新.46以題說法not until結構用于倒裝句型中的主要形式為： (1)not until.部分位于句首；(2)部分倒裝結構中無否定性結構；(3)當until后接從句時，且not until.位于句首時，那么主句要倒裝，從句不倒裝(如本題)。最新.47突破指南應熟記倒裝的一些常用詞，了解其使用規則，做到“有法可依”。最新.48易錯點2省略問題的誤區In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than _(過去).解析考查英語中動詞不定式省略。當動詞不定式中有be